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Riva F, McGuinness DH, McKeegan DEF, Peinado-Izaguerri J, Bruggeman G, Hermans D, Eckersall PD, McLaughlin M, Bain M. Measuring the impact of dietary supplementation with citrus or cucumber extract on chicken gut microbiota using 16s rRNA gene sequencing. Vet Res Commun 2024; 48:2369-2384. [PMID: 38780824 PMCID: PMC11315731 DOI: 10.1007/s11259-024-10417-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2024] [Accepted: 05/15/2024] [Indexed: 05/25/2024]
Abstract
This study investigated the effects of dietary supplements, citrus (CTS) and cucumber (CMB), on the jejunum and cecum microbiota of 14- and 28-days old broiler chickens to evaluate their impact on the gut health and assess their role as alternatives to antibiotic growth promoters (ABGPs). 16SrRNA gene sequencing revealed the overall bacterial microbiota composition was significantly affected by the gut site (p?0.001) but not by either of the dietary supplements, CTS and CMB, at both 14 and 28 days of age. However, as a result of Linear discriminant analysis (LDA) effect size (LEfSE), CTS dietary supplements significantly increased the counts of Lactobacillus (p?0.01) and decreased the counts of Enterococcus (p?0.01) and Clostridium (p?0.05) in the jejunum, whereas the counts of Blautia were increased (p?0.01) and Enterococcus were decreased (p?0.05) in the cecum at both ages. Only minor CMB effects were identified in the cecum and non in the jejunum. The use of CTS dietary supplements has been shown to be associated to the reduction of potentially pathogenic bacteria (Enterococcus and Clostridium) and to the growth of beneficial bacteria (Lactobacillus and Blautia) which are known to have positive effects on chicken health in terms of nutrients absorption, stimulation and production of short chain fatty acids (SCFAs). Therefore, this study suggests that the use of a CTS supplemented diet could promote gut health while no clear advantages have been identified with the use of CMB as a dietary supplement.
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Affiliation(s)
- Francesca Riva
- School of Health and Life Sciences, University of the West of Scotland, High St, PA1 2BE, Paisley, UK
- School of Biodiversity, One Health and Veterinary Medicine, University of Glasgow, Bearsden Rd, G61 1QH, Glasgow, UK
- Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Zagreb, Radoslava Cimermana, 10000, Zagreb, Croatia
| | - David H McGuinness
- Glasgow Polyomics, University of Glasgow, Switchback Rd, G61 1BD, Bearsden, Glasgow, UK
| | - Dorothy E F McKeegan
- School of Biodiversity, One Health and Veterinary Medicine, University of Glasgow, Bearsden Rd, G61 1QH, Glasgow, UK
| | - Jorge Peinado-Izaguerri
- School of Biodiversity, One Health and Veterinary Medicine, University of Glasgow, Bearsden Rd, G61 1QH, Glasgow, UK
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy in Ko?ice, Komensk?ho, 041 81, Ko?ice, Slovakia
- School of Biological Sciences, The University of Manchester, Oxford Rd, M13 9PT, Manchester, UK
| | | | - David Hermans
- Nutrition Sciences N. V, B-9031, Booiebos, Ghent, Belgium
| | - Peter D Eckersall
- School of Biodiversity, One Health and Veterinary Medicine, University of Glasgow, Bearsden Rd, G61 1QH, Glasgow, UK
| | - Mark McLaughlin
- School of Biodiversity, One Health and Veterinary Medicine, University of Glasgow, Bearsden Rd, G61 1QH, Glasgow, UK.
| | - Maureen Bain
- School of Biodiversity, One Health and Veterinary Medicine, University of Glasgow, Bearsden Rd, G61 1QH, Glasgow, UK
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2
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Guo P, Lin S, Lin Q, Wei S, Ye D, Liu J. The digestive tract histology and geographical distribution of gastrointestinal microbiota in yellow-feather broilers. Poult Sci 2023; 102:102844. [PMID: 37579647 PMCID: PMC10448343 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2023.102844] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2023] [Revised: 05/28/2023] [Accepted: 06/01/2023] [Indexed: 08/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Exhaustive understanding of intestinal physiological characteristics is the critical precondition for the improvement of intestinal health and growth performance of yellow-feather broilers (YFB). As a vital part of gastrointestinal tract, the symbiotic, complex, and variable microbiota have a profound effect on the nutrition, immunity, health, and production of broilers. Hence, the development status of proventriculus, jejunum, and cecum, and spatial heterogeneity of bacterial community in crop, proventriculus, gizzard, jejunum, cecum, and rectum of adult YFB were detected in our study. The results revealed that proventriculus, jejunum, and cecum of broilers are well-developed based on morphological observation. The Chao and Shannon indexes in cecum and rectum are notably higher than other sections and their microbiota structure is also distinct from foregut. Firmicutes and Lactobacillus are the predominant phylum and genus in all gastrointestinal sections, respectively. As feature species of crop, Lactobacillus spp. mainly settle in foregut, whereas some Clostridia species (unclassified Lachnospiraceae, Faecalibacterium, Romboutsia and so on) are characteristic and more abundant in cecum and rectum. Interestingly, there are 2 Ruminococcus torques strains positively and negatively correlated with cecum development, respectively. In a whole, our findings reveal the specialized digestive physiology and regional distribution of intestinal microbiota in YFB, which provides a reference for the future study on the improvement of growth performance and intestinal development through microbiota manipulation in yellow-feather broilers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pingting Guo
- College of Animal Science (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Shiying Lin
- College of Animal Science (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Qingjie Lin
- College of Animal Science (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Suhong Wei
- College of Animal Science (College of Bee Science), Fujian Agriculture and Forestry University, Fuzhou 350002, China
| | - Dingcheng Ye
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China
| | - Jing Liu
- Institute of Animal Husbandry and Veterinary Medicine, Fujian Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Fuzhou 350013, China.
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3
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Longitudinal Study of the Effects of Flammulina velutipes Stipe Wastes on the Cecal Microbiota of Laying Hens. mSystems 2023; 8:e0083522. [PMID: 36511708 PMCID: PMC9948703 DOI: 10.1128/msystems.00835-22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Because antibiotics have been phased out of use in poultry feed, measures to improve intestinal health have been sought. Dietary fiber may be beneficial to intestinal health by modulating gut microbial composition, but the exact changes it induces remain unclear. In this study, we evaluated the effect of Flammulina velutipes stipe wastes (FVW) on the cecal microbiotas of laying chickens at ages spanning birth to 490 days. Using clonal sequencing and 16S rRNA high-throughput sequencing, we showed that FVW improved the microbial diversity when they under fluctuated. The evolvement of the microbiota enhanced the physiological development of laying hens. Supplementation of FVW enriched the relative abundance of Sutterella, Ruminiclostridium, Synergistes, Anaerostipes, and Rikenellaceae, strengthened the positive connection between Firmicutes and Bacteroidetes, and increased the concentration of short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) in early life. FVW maintains gut microbiota homeostasis by regulating Th1, Th2, and Th17 balance and secretory IgA (S-IgA) level. In conclusion, we showed that FVW induces microbial changes that are potentially beneficial for intestinal immunity. IMPORTANCE Dietary fiber is popularly used in poultry farming to improve host health and metabolism. Microbial composition is known to be influenced by dietary fiber use, although the exact FVW-induced changes remain unclear. This study provided a first comparison of the effects of FVW and the most commonly used antibiotic growth promoter (flavomycin) on the cecal microbiotas of laying hens from birth to 490 days of age. We found that supplementation with FVW altered cecal microbial composition, thereby affecting the correlation network between members of the microbiota, and subsequently affecting the intestinal immune homeostasis.
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Naliyadhara N, Kumar A, Kumar Gangwar S, Nair Devanarayanan T, Hegde M, Alqahtani MS, Abbas M, Sethi G, Kunnumakara A. Interplay of dietary antioxidants and gut microbiome in human health: What has been learnt thus far? J Funct Foods 2023. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2022.105365] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022] Open
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5
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Xia D, Mo Q, Yang L, Wang W. Crosstalk between Mycotoxins and Intestinal Microbiota and the Alleviation Approach via Microorganisms. Toxins (Basel) 2022; 14:toxins14120859. [PMID: 36548756 PMCID: PMC9784275 DOI: 10.3390/toxins14120859] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/31/2022] [Revised: 11/30/2022] [Accepted: 12/02/2022] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
Mycotoxins are secondary metabolites produced by fungus. Due to their widespread distribution, difficulty in removal, and complicated subsequent harmful by-products, mycotoxins pose a threat to the health of humans and animals worldwide. Increasing studies in recent years have highlighted the impact of mycotoxins on the gut microbiota. Numerous researchers have sought to illustrate novel toxicological mechanisms of mycotoxins by examining alterations in the gut microbiota caused by mycotoxins. However, few efficient techniques have been found to ameliorate the toxicity of mycotoxins via microbial pathways in terms of animal husbandry, human health management, and the prognosis of mycotoxin poisoning. This review seeks to examine the crosstalk between five typical mycotoxins and gut microbes, summarize the functions of mycotoxins-induced alterations in gut microbes in toxicological processes and investigate the application prospects of microbes in mycotoxins prevention and therapy from a variety of perspectives. The work is intended to provide support for future research on the interaction between mycotoxins and gut microbes, and to advance the technology for preventing and controlling mycotoxins.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daiyang Xia
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Regulation, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Qianyuan Mo
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Regulation, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Lin Yang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Regulation, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
| | - Wence Wang
- Guangdong Provincial Key Laboratory of Animal Nutrition and Regulation, College of Animal Science, South China Agricultural University, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Guangdong Laboratory for Lingnan Modern Agriculture, Guangzhou 510642, China
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +86-020-85283756
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Luo S, Zhou L, Jiang X, Xia Y, Huang L, Ling R, Tang S, Zou Z, Chen C, Qiu J. Asparagus cochinchinensis alleviates disturbances of lipid metabolism and gut microbiota in high-fat diet-induced obesity mice. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:1015005. [PMID: 36313282 PMCID: PMC9616603 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.1015005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 09/23/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Asparagus cochinchinensis is a valuable traditional Chinese medicine that has anti-inflammatory ability and effectively regulates the dysbiosis within the body. Obesity is usually characterized by chronic low-grade inflammation with aberrant gut microbiota. However, the role of Asparagus cochinchinensis against obesity remains unknown. Therefore, a high-fat diet (HFD)-induced obese mouse model with or without aqueous extract from Asparagus cochinchinensis root (ACE) treatment was established herein to determine whether ACE alleviated obesity and its involved mechanisms. Our results showed that ACE administration significantly decreased the weight gain and relieved dyslipidemia induced by HFD Treatment of ACE also improved glucose tolerance and insulin resistance in obese animal model, and remarkably decreased inflammation and lipogenesis in the liver and adipose. Moreover, administration of ACE significantly reshaped the gut microbiota of obese mice. These findings together suggest that ACE has beneficial effect against HFD-induced obesity and will provide valuable insights for the therapeutic potential of ACE against obesity and may aid in strategy-making for weight loss.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shiyue Luo
- Department of Health Laboratory Technology, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lixiao Zhou
- Department of Health Laboratory Technology, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Xuejun Jiang
- Center of Experimental Teaching for Public Health, Experimental Teaching and Management Center, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Research Center for Environment and Human Health, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Yinyin Xia
- Research Center for Environment and Human Health, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Lishuang Huang
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Run Ling
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Shixin Tang
- Department of Health Laboratory Technology, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
| | - Zhen Zou
- Research Center for Environment and Human Health, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Molecular Biology Laboratory of Respiratory Diseases, Institute of Life Sciences, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Zhen Zou, ; Chengzhi Chen, ; Jingfu Qiu,
| | - Chengzhi Chen
- Research Center for Environment and Human Health, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Department of Occupational and Environmental Health, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Zhen Zou, ; Chengzhi Chen, ; Jingfu Qiu,
| | - Jingfu Qiu
- Department of Health Laboratory Technology, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- Research Center for Environment and Human Health, School of Public Health, Chongqing Medical University, Chongqing, China
- *Correspondence: Zhen Zou, ; Chengzhi Chen, ; Jingfu Qiu,
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Chen B, Li D, Leng D, Kui H, Bai X, Wang T. Gut microbiota and meat quality. Front Microbiol 2022; 13:951726. [PMID: 36081790 PMCID: PMC9445620 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2022.951726] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2022] [Accepted: 08/08/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Sustainable meat production is important to providing safe and quality protein sources for humans worldwide. Intensive artificial selection and high energy input into the diet of many commercial animals for the last decade has significantly increased the daily gain of body weight and shortened the raising period, but unexpectedly decreased the meat quality. The gastrointestinal tract of animals harbors a diverse and complex microbial community that plays a vital role in the digestion and absorption of nutrients, immune system development, pathogen exclusion, and meat quality. Fatty acid composition and oxidative stress in adipose and muscle tissue influences meat quality in livestock and poultry. Recent studies showed that nutraceuticals are receiving increased attention, which could alter the intestinal microbiota and regulate the fat deposition and immunity of hosts to improve their meat quality. Understanding the microbiota composition, the functions of key bacteria, and the host-microbiota interaction is crucial for the development of knowledge-based strategies to improve both animal meat quality and host health. This paper reviews the microorganisms that affect the meat quality of livestock and poultry. A greater understanding of microbial changes that accompany beneficial dietary changes will lead to novel strategies to improve livestock and poultry meat product quality.
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Affiliation(s)
- Binlong Chen
- College of Animal Science, Xichang University, Xichang, China
| | - Diyan Li
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
- *Correspondence: Diyan Li,
| | - Dong Leng
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Hua Kui
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xue Bai
- Institute of Animal Genetics and Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, Sichuan Agricultural University, Chengdu, China
| | - Tao Wang
- Antibiotics Research and Re-evaluation Key Laboratory of Sichuan Province, Sichuan Industrial Institute of Antibiotics, School of Pharmacy, Chengdu University, Chengdu, China
- Tao Wang,
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Dynamic description of temporal changes of gut microbiota in broilers. Poult Sci 2022; 101:102037. [PMID: 35901643 PMCID: PMC9334346 DOI: 10.1016/j.psj.2022.102037] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2022] [Revised: 06/19/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The diversity of bacteria and fungi in the gut microbiota of commercial broilers that raised in cages from hatch to the end of the production cycle were examined by an analysis of 3,592 and 3,899 amplicon sequence variants (ASVs), respectively. More than 90% sequences in bacterial communities were related to Firmicutes and Proteobacteria. More than 90% sequences in fungal communities were related to Ascomycota, Basidiomycota, and Glomeromycota. A statistical analysis of the microbiota composition succession showed that age was one of the main factors affecting the intestinal microbial communities of broilers. The increasingly complex community succession of transient microbiota occurred along with an increase of age. This dynamic change was observed to be similar between bacteria and fungi. The gut microbiota had a special structure in the first 3 d after birth of broiler. The microbiota structure was quite stable in the period of rapid skeletal growth (d 14–21), and then changed significantly in the period of rapid gaining weight (d 35–42), thus indicating the composition of gut microbiota in broilers had unique structures at different developmental stages. We observed that several bacteria and fungi occupied key functions in the gut microbiota of broilers, suggesting that the gut homeostasis of broilers might be affected by losses of bacteria and fungi via altering interactions between microbiota. This study aimed to provide a data basis for manipulating the microbiota at different developmental stages, in order to improve production and the intestinal health of broilers.
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Xi L, Qin X, Song Y, Han J, Li Z, Zhang J. Gut Microbial Alterations in Diarrheal Baer's Pochards ( Aythya baeri). Front Vet Sci 2021; 8:756486. [PMID: 34722711 PMCID: PMC8551490 DOI: 10.3389/fvets.2021.756486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/10/2021] [Accepted: 09/03/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
The structure and composition of gut microbiota correlate with the occurrence and development of host health and disease. Diarrhea can cause alterations in gut microbiota in animals, and the changes in the gut microbial structure and composition may affect the development of diarrhea. However, there is a scarcity of information on the effects of diarrhea on gut fungal composition and structure, particularly in Baer's pochard (Aythya baeri). The current study was performed for high-throughput sequencing of the fungal-specific internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS-1) to detect the differences of gut mycobiota in healthy and diarrheal Baer's pochard. Results showed that the gut mycobiota not only decreased significantly in diversity but also in structure and composition. Statistical analysis between two groups revealed a significant decrease in the abundance of phylum Rozellomycota, Zoopagomycota, Mortierellomycota, and Kickxellomycota in diarrheal Baer's pochard. At the genus levels, fungal relative abundance changed significantly in 95 genera, with 56 fungal genera, such as Wickerhamomyces, Alternaria, Penicillium, Cystofilobasidium, and Filobasidium, increasing significantly in the gut of the diarrheal Baer's pochard. In conclusion, the current study revealed the discrepancy in the gut fungal diversity and community composition between the healthy and diarrheal Baer's pochard, laying the basis for elucidating the relationship between diarrhea and the gut mycobiota in Baer's pochard.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Xi
- Department of Animal Science, College of Biology and Food, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu, China.,Henan Engineering Research Center of Development and Application of Green Feed Additives, College of Biology and Food, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu, China
| | - Xinxi Qin
- Department of Animal Science, College of Biology and Food, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu, China
| | - Yumin Song
- Linyi Agricultural Science and Technology Career Academy, Linyi, China
| | - Jincheng Han
- Department of Animal Science, College of Biology and Food, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu, China.,Henan Engineering Research Center of Development and Application of Green Feed Additives, College of Biology and Food, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu, China
| | - Zhiqiang Li
- Department of Animal Science, College of Biology and Food, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu, China.,Henan Engineering Research Center of Development and Application of Green Feed Additives, College of Biology and Food, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu, China
| | - Jinliang Zhang
- Department of Animal Science, College of Biology and Food, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu, China.,Henan Engineering Research Center of Development and Application of Green Feed Additives, College of Biology and Food, Shangqiu Normal University, Shangqiu, China
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Saviano A, Brigida M, Migneco A, Gunawardena G, Zanza C, Candelli M, Franceschi F, Ojetti V. Lactobacillus Reuteri DSM 17938 (Limosilactobacillus reuteri) in Diarrhea and Constipation: Two Sides of the Same Coin? MEDICINA (KAUNAS, LITHUANIA) 2021; 57:medicina57070643. [PMID: 34201542 PMCID: PMC8306447 DOI: 10.3390/medicina57070643] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/11/2021] [Revised: 06/12/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Background and Objectives: Lactobacillus reuteri DSM 17938 (L. reuteri) is a probiotic that can colonize different human body sites, including primarily the gastrointestinal tract, but also the urinary tract, the skin, and breast milk. Literature data showed that the administration of L. reuteri can be beneficial to human health. The aim of this review was to summarize current knowledge on the role of L. reuteri in the management of gastrointestinal symptoms, abdominal pain, diarrhea and constipation, both in adults and children, which are frequent reasons for admission to the emergency department (ED), in order to promote the best selection of probiotic type in the treatment of these uncomfortable and common symptoms. Materials and Methods: We searched articles on PubMed® from January 2011 to January 2021. Results: Numerous clinical studies suggested that L. reuteri may be helpful in modulating gut microbiota, eliminating infections, and attenuating the gastrointestinal symptoms of enteric colitis, antibiotic-associated diarrhea (also related to the treatment of Helicobacter pylori (HP) infection), irritable bowel syndrome, inflammatory bowel disease, and chronic constipation. In both children and in adults, L. reuteri shortens the duration of acute infectious diarrhea and improves abdominal pain in patients with colitis or inflammatory bowel disease. It can ameliorate dyspepsia and symptoms of gastritis in patients with HP infection. Moreover, it improves gut motility and chronic constipation. Conclusion: Currently, probiotics are widely used to prevent and treat numerous gastrointestinal disorders. In our opinion, L. reuteri meets all the requirements to be considered a safe, well-tolerated, and efficacious probiotic that is able to contribute to the beneficial effects on gut-human health, preventing and treating many gastrointestinal symptoms, and speeding up the recovery and discharge of patients accessing the emergency department.
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Affiliation(s)
- Angela Saviano
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy;
- Correspondence:
| | - Mattia Brigida
- Department of Gastroenterology, Università Tor Vergata, 00133 Rome, Italy;
| | - Alessio Migneco
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (A.M.); (M.C.); (F.F.); (V.O.)
| | - Gayani Gunawardena
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Università Cattolica del Sacro Cuore, 00168 Rome, Italy;
| | - Christian Zanza
- Department of Anesthesiology, Critical Care and Emergency Medicine-Fondazione Nuovo Ospedale Alba-Bra, Michele and Pietro Ferrero Hospital, 12060 Verduno, Italy;
| | - Marcello Candelli
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (A.M.); (M.C.); (F.F.); (V.O.)
| | - Francesco Franceschi
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (A.M.); (M.C.); (F.F.); (V.O.)
| | - Veronica Ojetti
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Fondazione Policlinico Universitario A. Gemelli, IRCCS, 00168 Rome, Italy; (A.M.); (M.C.); (F.F.); (V.O.)
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