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Ben Salah-Abbès J, Belgacem H, Ezdini K, Mannai M, Oueslati R, Abbès S. Immunological effects of AFM1 in experimental subchronic dosing in mice prevented by lactic acid bacteria. Immunopharmacol Immunotoxicol 2020; 42:572-581. [PMID: 32938251 DOI: 10.1080/08923973.2020.1824237] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
AIM Recently, higher contamination by aflatoxin M1 (AFM1) has been detected in many countries. Unfortunately, many tons of contaminated milk and milk byproducts are removed from the food chain to avoid human contamination; as a consequence of higher economic losses. Fewest number of studies are interested to AFM1 detoxification using lactic acid bacteria. MATERIALS AND METHODS In this study, AFM1-degradation using Lactobacillus paracasei BEJ01 (LPBEJ01) was tested in vitro. The preventive effect of LPBEJ01 against AFM1 immunobiological effects in mice are treated orally during 3 weeks with 100 µg AFM1, LPBEJ01 (2 × 109 CFU/ml∼2 mg/kg p.c.) and a mixture of AFM1 and LPBEJ01. RESULTS In vitro LPBEJ01 was found able to absorb 98% of AFM1 (100 µg/ml) in liquid medium after 24 h and more than 95% of AFM1 could be eliminated after 24 h in a solid-state fermentation. Animals treated with AFM1 obtained lower body weight than the control ones. The mitogenic response of spleen mononuclear cells (SMCs) in vivo was higher in mice treated with AFM1. The SMC of mice treated with AFM1 produced lower levels of IL-2, higher levels IL-4 and no effect on IL-10 production. The peritoneal macrophages of mice that treated with AFM1 released less H2O2, while mice exposed orally with the mixture of AFM1 and LPBEJ01 produced higher levels. CONCLUSION LPBEJ01 was safe and it did not have any sign of toxicity. It can be used as an additive for AFM1-detoxification contamination in the food chain in countries suffering from this problem.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jalila Ben Salah-Abbès
- Laboratory of Genetic, Biodiversity and Bio-Resources Valorisation, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Hela Belgacem
- Laboratory of Genetic, Biodiversity and Bio-Resources Valorisation, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Khawla Ezdini
- Laboratory of Genetic, Biodiversity and Bio-Resources Valorisation, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Marwa Mannai
- Laboratory of Genetic, Biodiversity and Bio-Resources Valorisation, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia
| | - Ridha Oueslati
- Unit of Immunology, Environmental Microbiology and Cancerology, Faculty of Sciences Bizerte, University of Carthage, Tunis, Tunisia
| | - Samir Abbès
- Laboratory of Genetic, Biodiversity and Bio-Resources Valorisation, University of Monastir, Monastir, Tunisia.,Higher Institute of Biotechnology of Béja, University of Jendouba, Jendouba, Tunisia
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Zakharova OV, Gusev AA, Abourahma J, Vorobeva NS, Sokolov DV, Muratov DS, Kuznetsov DV, Sinitskii A. Nanotoxicity of ZrS 3 Probed in a Bioluminescence Test on E. coli Bacteria: The Effect of Evolving H 2S. NANOMATERIALS 2020; 10:nano10071401. [PMID: 32708471 PMCID: PMC7407145 DOI: 10.3390/nano10071401] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2020] [Revised: 07/05/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
Materials from a large family of transition metal trichalcogenides (TMTCs) attract considerable attention because of their potential applications in electronics, optoelectronics and energy storage, but information on their toxicity is lacking. In this study, we investigated the toxicity of ZrS3, a prominent TMTC material, toward photoluminescent E. coli bacteria in a bioluminescence test. We found that freshly prepared ZrS3 suspensions in physiological saline solution with concentrations as high as 1 g/L did not exhibit any toxic effects on the bacteria. However, ZrS3 suspensions that were stored for 24 h prior to the bioluminescence tests were very toxic to the bacteria and inhibited their emission, even at concentrations down to 0.001 g/L. We explain these observations by the aqueous hydrolysis of ZrS3, which resulted in the formation of ZrOx on the surface of ZrS3 particles and the release of toxic H2S. The formation of ZrOx was confirmed by the XPS analysis, while the characteristic H2S smell was noticeable for the 24 h suspensions. This study demonstrates that while ZrS3 appears to be intrinsically nontoxic to photoluminescent E. coli bacteria, it may exhibit high toxicity in aqueous media. The results of this study can likely be extended to other transition metal chalcogenides, as their toxicity in aqueous solutions may also increase over time due to hydrolysis and the formation of H2S. The results of this study also demonstrate that since many systems involving nanomaterials are unstable and evolve over time in various ways, their toxicity may evolve as well, which should be considered for relevant toxicity tests.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olga V. Zakharova
- Research Institute for Environmental Science and Biotechnology, Derzhavin Tambov State University, Tambov 392000, Russia;
- Department of Functional Nanosystems and High-Temperature Materials, National University of Science and Technology “MISIS”, Moscow 119991, Russia; (D.V.S.); (D.S.M.); (D.V.K.)
| | - Alexander A. Gusev
- Research Institute for Environmental Science and Biotechnology, Derzhavin Tambov State University, Tambov 392000, Russia;
- Department of Functional Nanosystems and High-Temperature Materials, National University of Science and Technology “MISIS”, Moscow 119991, Russia; (D.V.S.); (D.S.M.); (D.V.K.)
- Correspondence: (A.A.G.); (A.S.); Tel.: +7-910-756-4546 (A.A.G.); +1-402-472-3543 (A.S.)
| | - Jehad Abourahma
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska—Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA; (J.A.); (N.S.V.)
| | - Nataliia S. Vorobeva
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska—Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA; (J.A.); (N.S.V.)
| | - Dmitry V. Sokolov
- Department of Functional Nanosystems and High-Temperature Materials, National University of Science and Technology “MISIS”, Moscow 119991, Russia; (D.V.S.); (D.S.M.); (D.V.K.)
| | - Dmitry S. Muratov
- Department of Functional Nanosystems and High-Temperature Materials, National University of Science and Technology “MISIS”, Moscow 119991, Russia; (D.V.S.); (D.S.M.); (D.V.K.)
| | - Denis V. Kuznetsov
- Department of Functional Nanosystems and High-Temperature Materials, National University of Science and Technology “MISIS”, Moscow 119991, Russia; (D.V.S.); (D.S.M.); (D.V.K.)
| | - Alexander Sinitskii
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska—Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA; (J.A.); (N.S.V.)
- Nebraska Center for Materials and Nanoscience, University of Nebraska—Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA
- Correspondence: (A.A.G.); (A.S.); Tel.: +7-910-756-4546 (A.A.G.); +1-402-472-3543 (A.S.)
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Gusev A, Zakharova O, Muratov DS, Vorobeva NS, Sarker M, Rybkin I, Bratashov D, Kolesnikov E, Lapanje A, Kuznetsov DV, Sinitskii A. Medium-Dependent Antibacterial Properties and Bacterial Filtration Ability of Reduced Graphene Oxide. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2019; 9:E1454. [PMID: 31614934 PMCID: PMC6835404 DOI: 10.3390/nano9101454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2019] [Revised: 10/08/2019] [Accepted: 10/11/2019] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Toxicity of reduced graphene oxide (rGO) has been a topic of multiple studies and was shown to depend on a variety of characteristics of rGO and biological objects of interest. In this paper, we demonstrate that when studying the same dispersions of rGO and fluorescent Escherichia coli (E. coli) bacteria, the outcome of nanotoxicity experiments also depends on the type of culture medium. We show that rGO inhibits the growth of bacteria in a nutrition medium but shows little effect on the behavior of E. coli in a physiological saline solution. The observed effects of rGO on E. coli in different media could be at least partially rationalized through the adsorption of bacteria and nutrients on the dispersed rGO sheets, which is likely mediated via hydrogen bonding. We also found that the interaction between rGO and E. coli is medium-dependent, and in physiological saline solutions they form stable flocculate structures that were not observed in nutrition media. Furthermore, the aggregation of rGO and E. coli in saline media was observed regardless of whether the bacteria were alive or dead. Filtration of the aggregate suspensions led to nearly complete removal of bacteria from filtered liquids, which highlights the potential of rGO for the filtration and separation of biological contaminants, regardless of whether they include live or dead microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Gusev
- Research Institute for Environmental Science and Biotechnology, Derzhavin Tambov State University, Tambov 392000, Russia.
- National University of Science and Technology "MISIS", Moscow 119991, Russia.
| | - Olga Zakharova
- Research Institute for Environmental Science and Biotechnology, Derzhavin Tambov State University, Tambov 392000, Russia.
- National University of Science and Technology "MISIS", Moscow 119991, Russia.
| | - Dmitry S Muratov
- National University of Science and Technology "MISIS", Moscow 119991, Russia.
| | - Nataliia S Vorobeva
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA.
| | - Mamun Sarker
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA.
| | - Iaroslav Rybkin
- Remote Controlled Theranostic Systems Lab, Saratov State University, Saratov 410012, Russia.
| | - Daniil Bratashov
- Remote Controlled Theranostic Systems Lab, Saratov State University, Saratov 410012, Russia.
| | - Evgeny Kolesnikov
- National University of Science and Technology "MISIS", Moscow 119991, Russia.
| | - Aleš Lapanje
- Remote Controlled Theranostic Systems Lab, Saratov State University, Saratov 410012, Russia.
- Jožef Stefan Institute, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia.
| | - Denis V Kuznetsov
- National University of Science and Technology "MISIS", Moscow 119991, Russia.
| | - Alexander Sinitskii
- Department of Chemistry, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA.
- Nebraska Center for Materials and Nanoscience, University of Nebraska-Lincoln, Lincoln, NE 68588, USA.
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Bolelli L, Ferri EN, Girotti S. The management and exploitation of naturally light-emitting bacteria as a flexible analytical tool: A tutorial. Anal Chim Acta 2016; 934:22-35. [PMID: 27506340 DOI: 10.1016/j.aca.2016.05.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/17/2015] [Revised: 05/18/2016] [Accepted: 05/21/2016] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Conventional detection of toxic contaminants on surfaces, in food, and in the environment takes time. Current analytical approaches to chemical detection can be of limited utility due to long detection times, high costs, and the need for a laboratory and trained personnel. A non-specific but easy, rapid, and inexpensive screening test can be useful to quickly classify a specimen as toxic or non toxic, so prompt appropriate measures can be taken, exactly where required. The bioluminescent bacteria-based tests meet all these characteristics. Bioluminescence methods are extremely attractive because of their high sensitivity, speed, ease of implementation, and statistical significance. They are usually sensitive enough to detect the majority of pollutants toxic to humans and mammals. This tutorial provides practical guidelines for isolating, cultivating, and exploiting marine bioluminescent bacteria as a simple and versatile analytical tool. Although mostly applied for aqueous phase sample and organic extracts, the test can also be conducted directly on soil and sediment samples so as to reflect the true toxicity due to the bioavailability fraction. Because tests can be performed with freeze-dried cell preparations, they could make a major contribution to field screening activity. They can be easily conducted in a mobile environmental laboratory and may be adaptable to miniaturized field instruments and field test kits.
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Affiliation(s)
- L Bolelli
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Via S. Donato 15, 40127 Bologna, Italy
| | - E N Ferri
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Via S. Donato 15, 40127 Bologna, Italy.
| | - S Girotti
- Department of Pharmacy and Biotechnology, University of Bologna, Via S. Donato 15, 40127 Bologna, Italy
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