1
|
Fedorov AV, Chelombitko MA, Chernyavskij DA, Galkin II, Pletjushkina OY, Vasilieva TV, Zinovkin RA, Chernyak BV. Mitochondria-Targeted Antioxidant SkQ1 Prevents the Development of Experimental Colitis in Mice and Impairment of the Barrier Function of the Intestinal Epithelium. Cells 2022; 11:3441. [PMID: 36359839 PMCID: PMC9659222 DOI: 10.3390/cells11213441] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/24/2022] [Revised: 10/22/2022] [Accepted: 10/28/2022] [Indexed: 08/27/2023] Open
Abstract
Mitochondria-targeted antioxidants have become promising candidates for the therapy of various pathologies. The mitochondria-targeted antioxidant SkQ1, which is a derivative of plastoquinone, has been successfully used in preclinical studies for the treatment of cardiovascular and renal diseases, and has demonstrated anti-inflammatory activity in a number of inflammatory disease models. The present work aimed to investigate the therapeutic potential of SkQ1 and C12TPP, the analog of SkQ1 lacking the antioxidant quinone moiety, in the prevention of sodium dextran sulfate (DSS) experimental colitis and impairment of the barrier function of the intestinal epithelium in mice. DSS-treated animals exhibited weight loss, bloody stool, dysfunction of the intestinal epithelium barrier (which was observed using FITC-dextran permeability), reduced colon length, and histopathological changes in the colon mucosa. SkQ1 prevented the development of clinical and histological changes in DSS-treated mice. SkQ1 also reduced mRNA expression of pro-inflammatory molecules TNF, IL-6, IL-1β, and ICAM-1 in the proximal colon compared with DSS-treated animals. SkQ1 prevented DSS-induced tight junction disassembly in Caco-2 cells. Pretreatment of mice by C12TPP did not protect against DSS-induced colitis. Furthermore, C12TPP did not prevent DSS-induced tight junction disassembly in Caco-2 cells. Our results suggest that SkQ1 may be a promising therapeutic agent for the treatment of inflammatory bowel diseases, in particular ulcerative colitis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Artem V. Fedorov
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Biology Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Maria A. Chelombitko
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- Russian Clinical Research Center for Gerontology of the Ministry of Healthcare of the Russian Federation, Pirogov Russian National Research Medical University, 129226 Moscow, Russia
| | - Daniil A. Chernyavskij
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ivan I. Galkin
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga Yu. Pletjushkina
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Tamara V. Vasilieva
- Department of Cell Biology and Histology, Biology Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Roman A. Zinovkin
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
- HSE University, 101000 Moscow, Russia
| | - Boris V. Chernyak
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Chernyak BV, Popova EN, Prikhodko AS, Grebenchikov OA, Zinovkina LA, Zinovkin RA. COVID-19 and Oxidative Stress. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2021; 85:1543-1553. [PMID: 33705292 PMCID: PMC7768996 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297920120068] [Citation(s) in RCA: 139] [Impact Index Per Article: 46.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Pathogenesis of the novel coronavirus infection COVID-19 is the subject of active research around the world. COVID-19 caused by the SARS-CoV-2 is a complex disease in which interaction of the virus with target cells, action of the immune system and the body’s systemic response to these events are closely intertwined. Many respiratory viral infections, including COVID-19, cause death of the infected cells, activation of innate immune response, and secretion of inflammatory cytokines. All these processes are associated with the development of oxidative stress, which makes an important contribution to pathogenesis of the viral infections. This review analyzes information on the oxidative stress associated with the infections caused by SARS-CoV-2 and other respiratory viruses. The review also focuses on involvement of the vascular endothelium in the COVID-19 pathogenesis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- B V Chernyak
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - E N Popova
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - A S Prikhodko
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia.,Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - O A Grebenchikov
- Negovsky Scientific Research Institute of General Reanimatology, Moscow, 107031, Russia
| | - L A Zinovkina
- Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| | - R A Zinovkin
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119991, Russia. .,Institute of Mitoengineering, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, 119992, Russia.,Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, 119991, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Xing H, Zhang Z, Shi G, He Y, Song Y, Liu Y, Harrington EO, Sellke FW, Feng J. Chronic Inhibition of mROS Protects Against Coronary Endothelial Dysfunction in Mice With Diabetes. Front Cell Dev Biol 2021; 9:643810. [PMID: 33681229 PMCID: PMC7930489 DOI: 10.3389/fcell.2021.643810] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2020] [Accepted: 01/29/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Diabetes is associated with coronary endothelial dysfunction. Persistent oxidative stress during diabetes contributes to coronary endothelial dysfunction. The mitochondria are main sources of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in diabetes, and mitochondria-targeted antioxidant mito-Tempo can prevent mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mROS) generation in a variety of disorders. Inhibition/inactivation of small-conductance Ca2+-activated K+ (SK) channels contribute to diabetic downregulation of coronary endothelial function/relaxation. However, few investigated the role of mROS on endothelial dysfunction/vasodilation and endothelial SK channel downregulation in diabetes. The aim of present study was to investigate the chronic administration of mito-Tempo, on coronary vasodilation, and endothelial SK channel activity of mice with or without diabetes. Mito-Tempo (1 mg/kg/day) was applied to the mice with or without diabetes (n = 10/group) for 4 weeks. In vitro relaxation response of pre-contracted arteries was examined in the presence or absence of the vasodilatory agents. SK channel currents of the isolated mouse heart endothelial cells were measured using whole-cell patch clamp methods. At baseline, coronary endothelium-dependent relaxation responses to ADP and the selective SK channel activator NS309 and endothelial SK channel currents were decreased in diabetic mice compared with that in non-diabetic (ND) mice (p < 0.05). After a 4-week treatment with mito-Tempo, coronary endothelium-dependent relaxation response to ADP or NS309 and endothelial SK channel currents in the diabetic mice was significantly improved when compared with that in untreated diabetic mice (p < 0.05). Interestingly, coronary relaxation responses to ADP and NS309 and endothelial SK channel currents were not significantly changed in ND mice after mito-Tempo treatment, as compared to that of untreated control group. Chronic inhibition of endothelial mROS appears to improve coronary endothelial function/dilation and SK channel activity in diabetes, and mROS inhibitors may be a novel strategy to treat vascular complications in diabetes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Hang Xing
- Cardiothoracic Surgery Research Laboratory, Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Surgery, Rhode Island Hospital, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Zhiqi Zhang
- Cardiothoracic Surgery Research Laboratory, Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Surgery, Rhode Island Hospital, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Guangbin Shi
- Cardiothoracic Surgery Research Laboratory, Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Surgery, Rhode Island Hospital, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Yixin He
- Cardiothoracic Surgery Research Laboratory, Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Surgery, Rhode Island Hospital, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Yi Song
- Cardiothoracic Surgery Research Laboratory, Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Surgery, Rhode Island Hospital, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Yuhong Liu
- Cardiothoracic Surgery Research Laboratory, Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Surgery, Rhode Island Hospital, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Elizabeth O Harrington
- Vascular Research Laboratory, Providence VA Medical Center, Department of Medicine, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Frank W Sellke
- Cardiothoracic Surgery Research Laboratory, Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Surgery, Rhode Island Hospital, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| | - Jun Feng
- Cardiothoracic Surgery Research Laboratory, Cardiovascular Research Center, Department of Surgery, Rhode Island Hospital, Alpert Medical School of Brown University, Providence, RI, United States
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Zinovkin RA, Zamyatnin AA. Mitochondria-Targeted Drugs. Curr Mol Pharmacol 2020; 12:202-214. [PMID: 30479224 PMCID: PMC6875871 DOI: 10.2174/1874467212666181127151059] [Citation(s) in RCA: 118] [Impact Index Per Article: 29.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/01/2018] [Revised: 11/05/2018] [Accepted: 11/19/2018] [Indexed: 01/06/2023]
Abstract
Background: Targeting of drugs to the subcellular compartments represents one of the modern trends in molecular pharmacology. The approach for targeting mitochondria was developed nearly 50 years ago, but only in the last decade has it started to become widely used for delivering drugs. A number of pathologies are associated with mitochondrial dysfunction, including cardiovascular, neurological, inflammatory and metabolic conditions. Objective: This mini-review aims to highlight the role of mitochondria in pathophysiological conditions and diseases, to classify and summarize our knowledge about targeting mitochondria and to review the most important preclinical and clinical data relating to the antioxidant lipophilic cations MitoQ and SkQ1. Methods: This is a review of available information in the PubMed and Clinical Trials databases (US National Library of Medicine) with no limiting period. Results and Conclusion: Mitochondria play an important role in the pathogenesis of many diseases and possibly in aging. Both MitoQ and SkQ1 have shown many beneficial features in animal models and in a few completed clinical trials. More clinical trials and research efforts are needed to understand the signaling pathways influenced by these compounds. The antioxidant lipophilic cations have great potential for the treatment of a wide range of pathologies.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Roman A Zinovkin
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation.,Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation.,Institute of Mitoengineering, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Andrey A Zamyatnin
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russian Federation.,Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russian Federation
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Zinovkina LA, Galivondzhyan AK, Prikhodko AS, Galkin II, Zinovkin RA. Mitochondria-targeted triphenylphosphonium-based compounds do not affect estrogen receptor α. PeerJ 2020; 8:e8803. [PMID: 32257641 PMCID: PMC7102506 DOI: 10.7717/peerj.8803] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 02/25/2020] [Indexed: 02/02/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Targeting negatively charged mitochondria is often achieved using triphenylphosphonium (TPP) cations. These cationic vehicles may possess biological activity, and a docking study indicates that TPP-moieties may act as modulators of signaling through the estrogen receptor α (ERα). Moreover, in vivo and in vitro experiments revealed the estrogen-like effects of TPP-based compounds. Here, we tested the hypothesis that TPP-based compounds regulate the activity of ERα. METHODS We used ERa-positive and ERα-negative human breast adenocarcinoma cell lines (MCF-7 and MDA-MB-231, respectively). Cell proliferation was measured using a resazurin cell growth assay and a real-time cell analyzer assay. Cell cycle progression was analyzed using flow cytometry. Real-time PCR was used to assess mRNA expression of endogenous estrogen-responsive genes. Luciferase activity was measured to evaluate transcription driven by estrogen-responsive promoters in cells transfected with an estrogen response element (ERE)3-luciferase expression vector. RESULTS The TPP-based molecules SkQ1 and C12TPP, as well as the rhodamine-based SkQR1, did not increase the proliferation or alter the cell cycle progression of MCF-7 cells. In contrast, 17β estradiol increased the proliferation of MCF-7 cells and the proportion of cells in the S/G2/M-phases of the cell cycle. TPP-based compounds did not affect the induction of transcription of an ERE-luciferase expression vector in vitro, and SkQ1 did not alter the levels of expression of estrogen-dependent genes encoding GREB1, TFF1, COX6, and IGFBP4. CONCLUSION TPP-based compounds do not possess properties typical of ERα agonists.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ludmila A. Zinovkina
- Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
- Institute of Mitoengineering, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alina K. Galivondzhyan
- Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Anastasia S. Prikhodko
- Institute of Mitoengineering, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ivan I. Galkin
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Roman A. Zinovkin
- Institute of Mitoengineering, Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
- Institute of Molecular Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Novel Fluorescent Mitochondria-Targeted Probe MitoCLox Reports Lipid Peroxidation in Response to Oxidative Stress In Vivo. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2020; 2020:3631272. [PMID: 32104531 PMCID: PMC7035557 DOI: 10.1155/2020/3631272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2019] [Accepted: 11/22/2019] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
A new mitochondria-targeted probe MitoCLox was designed as a starting compound for a series of probes sensitive to cardiolipin (CL) peroxidation. Fluorescence microscopy reported selective accumulation of MitoCLox in mitochondria of diverse living cell cultures and its oxidation under stress conditions, particularly those known to cause a selective cardiolipin oxidation. Ratiometric fluorescence measurements using flow cytometry showed a remarkable dependence of the MitoCLox dynamic range on the oxidation of the sample. Specifically, MitoCLox oxidation was induced by low doses of hydrogen peroxide or organic hydroperoxide. The mitochondria-targeted antioxidant 10-(6'-plastoquinonyl)decyltriphenyl-phosphonium (SkQ1), which was shown earlier to selectively protect cardiolipin from oxidation, prevented hydrogen peroxide-induced MitoCLox oxidation in the cells. Concurrent tracing of MitoCLox oxidation and membrane potential changes in response to hydrogen peroxide addition showed that the oxidation of MitoCLox started without a delay and was complete during the first hour, whereas the membrane potential started to decay after 40 minutes of incubation. Hence, MitoCLox could be used for splitting the cell response to oxidative stress into separate steps. Application of MitoCLox revealed heterogeneity of the mitochondrial population; in living endothelial cells, a fraction of small, rounded mitochondria with an increased level of lipid peroxidation were detected near the nucleus. In addition, the MitoCLox staining revealed a specific fraction of cells with an increased level of oxidized lipids also in the culture of human myoblasts. The fraction of such cells increased in high-density cultures. These specific conditions correspond to the initiation of spontaneous myogenesis in vitro, which indicates that oxidation may precede the onset of myogenic differentiation. These data point to a possible participation of oxidized CL in cell signalling and differentiation.
Collapse
|
7
|
Fetisova EK, Muntyan MS, Lyamzaev KG, Chernyak BV. Therapeutic Effect of the Mitochondria-Targeted Antioxidant SkQ1 on the Culture Model of Multiple Sclerosis. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2019; 2019:2082561. [PMID: 31354902 PMCID: PMC6636568 DOI: 10.1155/2019/2082561] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/11/2019] [Revised: 05/18/2019] [Accepted: 06/09/2019] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Multiple sclerosis (MS) is a heterogeneous autoimmune disease of unknown etiology characterized by inflammation, demyelination, and axonal degeneration that affects both the white and gray matter of CNS. Recent large-scale epidemiological and genomic studies identified several genetic and environmental risk factors for the disease. Among them are environmental factors of infectious origin, possibly causing MS, which include Epstein-Barr virus infection, reactivation of some endogenous retrovirus groups, and infection by pathogenic bacteria (mycobacteria, Chlamydia pneumoniae, and Helicobacter pylori). However, the nature of the events leading to the activation of immune cells in MS is mostly unknown and there is no effective therapy against the disease. Amazingly, whatever the cause of the disease, signs of damage to the nerve tissue with MS lesions were the same as with infectious leprosy, while in the latter case nitrozooxidative stress was suggested as the main cause of the nerve damage. With this in mind and following the hypothesis that excessive production of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species critically contributes to MS pathogenesis, we studied the effect of mitochondria-targeted antioxidant SkQ1 in an in vitro MS model of the primary oligodendrocyte culture of the cerebellum, challenged with lipopolysaccharide (LPS). SkQ1 was found to accumulate in the mitochondria of oligodendrocytes and microglial cells, and it was also found to prevent LPS-induced inhibition of myelin production in oligodendrocytes. The results implicate that mitochondria-targeted antioxidants could be promising candidates as components of a combined therapy for MS and related neurological disorders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elena K. Fetisova
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Maria S. Muntyan
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Konstantin G. Lyamzaev
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Boris V. Chernyak
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Panina SB, Gutsenko OI, Milyutina NP, Kornienko IV, Ananyan AA, Gvaldin DY, Plotnikov AA, Vnukov VV. SkQ1 Controls CASP3 Gene Expression and Caspase-3-Like Activity in the Brain of Rats under Oxidative Stress. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2018; 83:1245-1254. [PMID: 30472961 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297918100097] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
Here, we studied the effect of the mitochondria-targeted antioxidant SkQ1 (plastoquinone cationic derivative) on the CASP3 gene expression and caspase-3 activity in rat cerebral cortex and brain mitochondria under normal conditions and in oxidative stress induced by hyperbaric oxygenation (HBO). Under physiological conditions, SkQ1 administration (50 nmol/kg, 5 days) did not affect the CASP3 gene expression and caspase-3-like activity in the cortical cells, as well as caspase-3-like activity in brain mitochondria, but caused a moderate decrease in the content of primary products of lipid peroxidation (LPO) and an increase in the reduced glutathione (GSH) level. HBO-induced oxidative stress (0.5 MPa, 90 min) was accompanied by significant upregulation of CASP3 mRNA and caspase-3-like activity in the cerebral cortex, activation of the mitochondrial enzyme with simultaneous decrease in the GSH content, increase in the glutathione reductase activity, and stimulation of LPO. Administration of SkQ1 before the HBO session maintained the basal levels of the CASP3 gene expression and enzyme activity in the cerebral cortex cells and led to the normalization of caspase-3-like activity and redox parameters in brain mitochondria. We hypothesize that SkQ1 protects brain cells from the HBO-induced oxidative stress due to its antioxidant activity and stimulation of antiapoptotic mechanisms.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- S B Panina
- Southern Federal University, Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rostov-on-Don, 344090, Russia
| | - O I Gutsenko
- Southern Federal University, Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rostov-on-Don, 344090, Russia
| | - N P Milyutina
- Southern Federal University, Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rostov-on-Don, 344090, Russia.
| | - I V Kornienko
- Southern Federal University, Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rostov-on-Don, 344090, Russia
| | - A A Ananyan
- Southern Federal University, Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rostov-on-Don, 344090, Russia
| | - D Yu Gvaldin
- Southern Federal University, Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rostov-on-Don, 344090, Russia
| | - A A Plotnikov
- Southern Federal University, Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rostov-on-Don, 344090, Russia
| | - V V Vnukov
- Southern Federal University, Academy of Biology and Biotechnology, Department of Biochemistry and Microbiology, Rostov-on-Don, 344090, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Cai X, Zhou X, Xiao F, Ye B, Huang W, Huang Z. Inhibition of hsa-miR-6086 protects human umbilical vein endothelial cells against TNFα-induced proliferation inhibition and apoptosis via CDH5. Gene 2018; 661:202-208. [PMID: 29605606 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2018.03.091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2017] [Revised: 03/23/2018] [Accepted: 03/28/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
MiRNAs are considered as a novel class of biomarkers or treatment targets for cardiovascular diseases. Hsa-miR-6086, a novel mi-RNA, was reported to be downregulated during the differentiation of human embryonic stem cells into endothelial cells (ECs). Interestingly, CDH5 (cadherin 5), encoding a classical cadherin of the cadherin superfamily, is a cellular marker of ECs and has been reported to be a target of hsa-miR-6086. However, the role of hsa-miR-6086 in ECs is virtually unknown. Herein, we report that hsa-miR-6086 was markedly induced by TNFα stimulation in human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVECs), whereas CDH5 expression was greatly reduced. Importantly, TNFα-induced suppression of CDH5 expression was largely prevented by inhibiting hsa-miR-6086, and hsa-miR-6086 mimic greatly decrease CDH5 expression in HUVECs, suggesting that the induction of hsa-miR-6086 is responsible for CDH5 downregulation by TNFα. In addition, restoration of CDH5 expression level by either inhibiting hsa-miR-6086 or exogenously expressing CDH5 cDNA that is not affected by hsa-miR-6086 protected HUVECs against TNFα-induced apoptosis and cell growth inhibition. Taken together, our study reveals that hsa-miR-6086 is induced by TNFα and mediates TNFα-induced HUVEC growth inhibition through downregulating CDH5 expression. Hence, hsa-miR-6086 might be a new target for treating TNFα-induced endothelial dysfunction.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Xueli Cai
- Department of Cardiology, the Key Lab of Cardiovascular Disease of Wenzhou, the First Affiliated Hospital of WenZhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China.
| | - Xi Zhou
- Department of Cardiology, the Key Lab of Cardiovascular Disease of Wenzhou, the First Affiliated Hospital of WenZhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Fangyi Xiao
- Department of Cardiology, the Key Lab of Cardiovascular Disease of Wenzhou, the First Affiliated Hospital of WenZhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Bozhi Ye
- Department of Cardiology, the Key Lab of Cardiovascular Disease of Wenzhou, the First Affiliated Hospital of WenZhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Weijian Huang
- Department of Cardiology, the Key Lab of Cardiovascular Disease of Wenzhou, the First Affiliated Hospital of WenZhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China
| | - Zhouqing Huang
- Department of Cardiology, the Key Lab of Cardiovascular Disease of Wenzhou, the First Affiliated Hospital of WenZhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325000, China.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Chelombitko MA, Averina OA, Vasilyeva TV, Pletiushkina OY, Popova EN, Fedorov AV, Chernyak BV, Shishkina VS, Ilinskaya OP. Mitochondria-Targeted Antioxidant SkQ1 (10-(6´-Plastoquinonyl)decyltriphenylphosphonium Bromide) Inhibits Mast Cell Degranulation in vivo and in vitro. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2018; 82:1493-1503. [PMID: 29486699 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297917120082] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
Abstract
The therapeutic effect of mitochondria-targeted antioxidant 10-(6´-plastoquinonyl)decyltriphenylphosphonium bromide (SkQ1) in experimental models of acute inflammation and wound repair has been shown earlier. It was suggested that the antiinflammatory activity of SkQ1 is related to its ability to suppress inflammatory activation of the vascular endothelium and neutrophil migration into tissues. Here, we demonstrated that SkQ1 inhibits activation of mast cells (MCs) followed by their degranulation and histamine release in vivo and in vitro. Intraperitoneal injections of SkQ1 in the mouse air-pouch model reduced the number of leukocytes in the air-pouch cavity and significantly decreased the histamine content in it, as well as suppressing MC degranulation in the air-pouch tissue. The direct effect of SkQ1 on MCs was studied in vitro in the rat basophilic leukemia RBL-2H3 cell line. SkQ1 inhibited induced degranulation of RBL-2H3 cells. These results suggest that mitochondrial reactive oxygen species are involved in the activation of MCs. It is known that MCs play a crucial role in regulation of vascular permeability by secreting histamine. Suppression of MC degranulation by SkQ1 might be a significant factor in the antiinflammatory activity of this mitochondria-targeted antioxidant.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M A Chelombitko
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Faculty of Biology, Moscow, 119991, Russia.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
11
|
Mitochondria-Targeted Antioxidants SkQ1 and MitoTEMPO Failed to Exert a Long-Term Beneficial Effect in Murine Polymicrobial Sepsis. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:6412682. [PMID: 29104729 PMCID: PMC5625755 DOI: 10.1155/2017/6412682] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/30/2017] [Revised: 06/22/2017] [Accepted: 08/02/2017] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Mitochondrial-derived reactive oxygen species have been deemed an important contributor in sepsis pathogenesis. We investigated whether two mitochondria-targeted antioxidants (mtAOX; SkQ1 and MitoTEMPO) improved long-term outcome, lessened inflammation, and improved organ homeostasis in polymicrobial murine sepsis. 3-month-old female CD-1 mice (n = 90) underwent cecal ligation and puncture (CLP) and received SkQ1 (5 nmol/kg), MitoTEMPO (50 nmol/kg), or vehicle 5 times post-CLP. Separately, 52 SkQ1-treated CLP mice were sacrificed at 24 h and 48 h for additional endpoints. Neither MitoTEMPO nor SkQ1 exerted any protracted survival benefit. Conversely, SkQ1 exacerbated 28-day mortality by 29%. CLP induced release of 10 circulating cytokines, increased urea, ALT, and LDH, and decreased glucose but irrespectively of treatment. Similar occurred for CLP-induced lymphopenia/neutrophilia and the NO blood release. At 48 h post-CLP, dying mice had approximately 100-fold more CFUs in the spleen than survivors, but this was not SkQ1 related. At 48 h, macrophage and granulocyte counts increased in the peritoneal lavage but irrespectively of SkQ1. Similarly, hepatic mitophagy was not altered by SkQ1 at 24 h. The absence of survival benefit of mtAOX may be due to the extended treatment and/or a relatively moderate-risk-of-death CLP cohort. Long-term effect of mtAOX in abdominal sepsis appears different to sepsis/inflammation models arising from other body compartments.
Collapse
|
12
|
Mitochondria-Targeted Antioxidant SkQ1 Improves Dermal Wound Healing in Genetically Diabetic Mice. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2017; 2017:6408278. [PMID: 28761623 PMCID: PMC5518517 DOI: 10.1155/2017/6408278] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/21/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2017] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Oxidative stress is widely recognized as an important factor in the delayed wound healing in diabetes. However, the role of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species in this process is unknown. It was assumed that mitochondrial reactive oxygen species are involved in many wound-healing processes in both diabetic humans and animals. We have applied the mitochondria-targeted antioxidant 10-(6'-plastoquinonyl)decyltriphenylphosphonium (SkQ1) to explore the role of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species in the wound healing of genetically diabetic mice. Healing of full-thickness excisional dermal wounds in diabetic C57BL/KsJ-db-/db- mice was significantly enhanced after long-term (12 weeks) administration of SkQ1. SkQ1 accelerated wound closure and stimulated epithelization, granulation tissue formation, and vascularization. On the 7th day after wounding, SkQ1 treatment increased the number of α-smooth muscle actin-positive cells (myofibroblasts), reduced the number of neutrophils, and increased macrophage infiltration. SkQ1 lowered lipid peroxidation level but did not change the level of the circulatory IL-6 and TNF. SkQ1 pretreatment also stimulated cell migration in a scratch-wound assay in vitro under hyperglycemic condition. Thus, a mitochondria-targeted antioxidant normalized both inflammatory and regenerative phases of wound healing in diabetic mice. Our results pointed to nearly all the major steps of wound healing as the target of excessive mitochondrial reactive oxygen species production in type II diabetes.
Collapse
|
13
|
Ježek J, Engstová H, Ježek P. Antioxidant mechanism of mitochondria-targeted plastoquinone SkQ1 is suppressed in aglycemic HepG2 cells dependent on oxidative phosphorylation. BIOCHIMICA ET BIOPHYSICA ACTA-BIOENERGETICS 2017; 1858:750-762. [PMID: 28554565 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbabio.2017.05.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2016] [Revised: 05/17/2017] [Accepted: 05/24/2017] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Previously suggested antioxidant mechanisms for mitochondria-targeted plastoquinone SkQ1 included: i) ion-pairing of cationic SkQ1+ with free fatty acid anions resulting in uncoupling; ii) SkQ1H2 ability to interact with lipoperoxyl radical; iii) interference with electron flow at the inner ubiquinone (Q) binding site of Complex III (Qi), involving the reduction of SkQ1 to SkQ1H2 by ubiquinol. We elucidated SkQ1 antioxidant properties by confocal fluorescence semi-quantification of mitochondrial superoxide (Jm) and cytosolic H2O2 (Jc) release rates in HepG2 cells. Only in glycolytic cells, SkQ1 prevented the rotenone-induced enhancement of Jm and Jc but not basal releases without rotenone. The effect ceased in glutaminolytic aglycemic cells, in which the redox parameter NAD(P)H/FAD increased after rotenone in contrast to its decrease in glycolytic cells. Autofluorescence decay indicated decreased NADPH/NADH ratios with rotenone in both metabolic modes. SkQ1 did not increase cell respiration and diminished Jm established high by antimycin or myxothiazol but not by stigmatellin. The revealed SkQ1 antioxidant modes reflect its reduction to SkQ1H2 at Complex I IQ or Complex III Qi site. Both reductions diminish electron diversions to oxygen thus attenuating superoxide formation. Resulting SkQ1H2 oxidizes back to SkQ1at the second (flavin) Complex I site, previously indicated for MitoQ10. Regeneration proceeds only at lower NAD(P)H/FAD in glycolytic cells. In contrast, cyclic SkQ1 reduction/SkQ1H2 oxidation does not substantiate antioxidant activity in intact cells in the absence of oxidative stress (neither pro-oxidant activity, representing a great advantage). A targeted delivery to oxidative-stressed tissues is suggested for the effective antioxidant therapy based on SkQ1.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jan Ježek
- Department No. 75, Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, Prague 14220, Czech Republic.
| | - Hana Engstová
- Department No. 75, Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, Prague 14220, Czech Republic
| | - Petr Ježek
- Department No. 75, Institute of Physiology, Academy of Sciences, Vídeňská 1083, Prague 14220, Czech Republic.
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Galkin II, Pletjushkina OY, Zinovkin RA, Zakharova VV, Chernyak BV, Popova EN. Mitochondria-Targeted Antioxidant SkQR1 Reduces TNF-Induced Endothelial Permeability in vitro. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2017; 81:1188-1197. [PMID: 27908243 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297916100163] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
Prolonged or excessive increase in the circulatory level of proinflammatory tumor necrosis factor (TNF) leads to abnormal activation and subsequent damage to endothelium. TNF at high concentrations causes apoptosis of endothelial cells. Previously, using mitochondria-targeted antioxidants of SkQ family, we have shown that apoptosis of endothelial cells is dependent on the production of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in mitochondria (mito-ROS). Now we have found that TNF at low concentrations does not cause cell death but activates caspase-3 and caspase-dependent increase in endothelial permeability in vitro. This effect is probably due to the cleavage of β-catenin - an adherent junction protein localized in the cytoplasm. We have also shown that extracellular matrix metalloprotease 9 (MMP9) VE-cadherin shedding plays a major role in the TNF-induced endothelial permeability. The mechanisms of the caspase-3 and MMP9 activation are probably not related to each other since caspase inhibition did not affect VE-cadherin cleavage and MMP9 inhibition had no effect on the caspase-3 activation. Mitochondria-targeted antioxidant SkQR1 inhibited TNF-induced increase in endothelial permeability. SkQR1 also inhibited caspase-3 activation, β-catenin cleavage, and MMP9-dependent VE-cadherin shedding. The data suggest that mito-ROS are involved in the increase in endothelial permeability due to the activation of both caspase-dependent cleavage of intracellular proteins and of MMP9-dependent cleavage of the transmembrane cell-to-cell contact proteins.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I I Galkin
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Moscow, 119991, Russia.
| | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Andreev-Andrievskiy AA, Kolosova NG, Stefanova NA, Lovat MV, Egorov MV, Manskikh VN, Zinovkin RA, Galkin II, Prikhodko AS, Skulachev MV, Lukashev AN. Efficacy of Mitochondrial Antioxidant Plastoquinonyl-decyl-triphenylphosphonium Bromide (SkQ1) in the Rat Model of Autoimmune Arthritis. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2016; 2016:8703645. [PMID: 27293517 PMCID: PMC4887630 DOI: 10.1155/2016/8703645] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/11/2015] [Revised: 03/22/2016] [Accepted: 04/18/2016] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis is one of the most common autoimmune diseases. Many antioxidants have been tested in arthritis, but their efficacy was, at best, marginal. In this study, a novel mitochondria-targeted antioxidant, plastoquinonyl-decyl-triphenylphosphonium bromide (SkQ1), was tested in vivo to prevent and cure experimental autoimmune arthritis. In conventional Wistar rats, SkQ1 completely prevented the development of clinical signs of arthritis if administered with food before induction. Further, SkQ1 significantly reduced the fraction of animals that developed clinical signs of arthritis and severity of pathological lesions if administration began immediately after induction of arthritis or at the onset of first symptoms (day 14 after induction). In specific pathogen-free Wistar rats, SkQ1 administered via gavage after induction of arthritis did not reduce the fraction of animals with arthritis but decreased the severity of lesions upon pathology examination in a dose-dependent manner. Efficacious doses of SkQ1 were in the range of 0.25-1.25 nmol/kg/day (0.13-0.7 μg/kg/day), which is much lower than doses commonly used for conventional antioxidants. SkQ1 promoted apoptosis of neutrophils in vitro, which may be one of the mechanisms underlying its pharmacological activity. Considering its low toxicity and the wide therapeutic window, SkQ1 may be a valuable additional therapy for rheumatoid arthritis.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexander A. Andreev-Andrievskiy
- Institute of Mitoengineering, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | | | | | - Maxim V. Lovat
- Institute of Mitoengineering, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Maxim V. Egorov
- Institute of Mitoengineering, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vasily N. Manskikh
- Institute of Mitoengineering, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Roman A. Zinovkin
- Institute of Mitoengineering, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ivan I. Galkin
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Maxim V. Skulachev
- Institute of Mitoengineering, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexander N. Lukashev
- Institute of Mitoengineering, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
- Martsinovsky Institute of Medical Parasitology and Tropical Medicine, Sechenov First Moscow State Medical University, Moscow, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Demyanenko IA, Popova EN, Zakharova VV, Ilyinskaya OP, Vasilieva TV, Romashchenko VP, Fedorov AV, Manskikh VN, Skulachev MV, Zinovkin RA, Pletjushkina OY, Skulachev VP, Chernyak BV. Mitochondria-targeted antioxidant SkQ1 improves impaired dermal wound healing in old mice. Aging (Albany NY) 2016; 7:475-85. [PMID: 26187706 PMCID: PMC4543037 DOI: 10.18632/aging.100772] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The process of skin wound healing is delayed or impaired in aging animals. To investigate the possible role of mitochondrial reactive oxygen species (mtROS) in cutaneous wound healing of aged mice, we have applied the mitochondria-targeted antioxidant SkQ1. The SkQ1 treatment resulted in accelerated resolution of the inflammatory phase, formation of granulation tissue, vascularization and epithelization of the wounds. The wounds of SkQ1-treated mice contained increased amount of myofibroblasts which produce extracellular matrix proteins and growth factors mediating granulation tissue formation. This effect resembled SkQ1-induced differentiation of fibroblasts to myofibroblast, observed earlier in vitro. The Transforming Growth Factor beta (TGFβ)produced by SkQ1-treated fibroblasts was found to stimulated motility of endothelial cells in vitro, an effect which may underlie pro-angiogenic action of SkQ1 in the wounds. In vitro experiments showed that SkQ1 prevented decomposition of VE-cadherin containing contacts and following increase in permeability of endothelial cells monolayer, induced by pro-inflammatory cytokine TNF. Prevention of excessive reaction of endothelium to the pro-inflammatory cytokine(s) might account for anti-inflammatory effect of SkQ1. Our findings point to an important role of mtROS in pathogenesis of age-related chronic wounds.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ilya A Demyanenko
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ekaterina N Popova
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.,Institute of Mitoengineering, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vlada V Zakharova
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.,Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga P Ilyinskaya
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | | | - Valeria P Romashchenko
- Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Artem V Fedorov
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vasily N Manskikh
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.,Institute of Mitoengineering, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Maxim V Skulachev
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.,Institute of Mitoengineering, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Roman A Zinovkin
- Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.,Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.,Institute of Mitoengineering, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Olga Yu Pletjushkina
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.,Institute of Mitoengineering, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Vladimir P Skulachev
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.,Institute of Mitoengineering, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.,Faculty of Bioengineering and Bioinformatics, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Boris V Chernyak
- Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia.,Institute of Mitoengineering, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
17
|
The Analgesic Effect of the Mitochondria-Targeted Antioxidant SkQ1 in Pancreatic Inflammation. OXIDATIVE MEDICINE AND CELLULAR LONGEVITY 2016; 2016:4650489. [PMID: 27274778 PMCID: PMC4870369 DOI: 10.1155/2016/4650489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/25/2016] [Accepted: 04/07/2016] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Background. Chronic pancreatitis is one of the main risk factors for pancreatic cancer. In acute and chronic pancreatitis, oxidative stress is thought to play a key role. In this respect, the recently described mitochondria-targeted antioxidant SkQ1 effectively scavenges reactive oxygen species at nanomolar concentrations. Therefore, we aimed to characterize the influence of SkQ1 on tissue injury and pain in acute and chronic pancreatitis. Methods. Both acute and chronic pancreatitis were induced in C57BL/6 mice by intraperitoneal cerulein injections and treatment with SkQ1 was carried out by peroral applications. Hyperalgesia was assessed by behavioral observation and measurement of abdominal mechanical sensitivity. Blood serum and pancreatic tissue were harvested for analysis of lipase and histology. Results. SkQ1 did not influence pain, serological, or histological parameters of tissue injury in acute pancreatitis. In chronic pancreatitis, a highly significant reduction of pain-related behavior (p < 0.0001) was evident, but histological grading revealed increased tissue injury in SkQ1-treated animals (p = 0.03). Conclusion. After SkQ1 treatment, tissue injury is not ameliorated in acute pancreatitis and increased in chronic pancreatitis. However, we show an analgesic effect in chronic pancreatitis. Further studies will need to elucidate the risks and benefits of mitochondria-targeted antioxidants as an analgesic.
Collapse
|
18
|
Romaschenko VP, Zinovkin RA, Galkin II, Zakharova VV, Panteleeva AA, Tokarchuk AV, Lyamzaev KG, Pletjushkina OY, Chernyak BV, Popova EN. Low Concentrations of Uncouplers of Oxidative Phosphorylation Prevent Inflammatory Activation of Endothelial Cells by Tumor Necrosis Factor. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2016; 80:610-9. [PMID: 26071781 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297915050144] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/11/2023]
Abstract
In endothelial cells, mitochondria play an important regulatory role in physiology as well as in pathophysiology related to excessive inflammation. We have studied the effect of low doses of mitochondrial uncouplers on inflammatory activation of endothelial cells using the classic uncouplers 2,4-dinitrophenol and 4,5,6,7-tetrachloro-2-trifluoromethylbenzimidazole, as well as the mitochondria-targeted cationic uncoupler dodecyltriphenylphosphonium (C12TPP). All of these uncouplers suppressed the expression of E-selectin, adhesion molecules ICAM1 and VCAM1, as well as the adhesion of neutrophils to endothelium induced by tumor necrosis factor (TNF). The antiinflammatory action of the uncouplers was at least partially mediated by the inhibition of NFκB activation due to a decrease in phosphorylation of the inhibitory subunit IκBα. The dynamic concentration range for the inhibition of ICAM1 expression by C12TPP was three orders of magnitude higher compared to the classic uncouplers. Probably, the decrease in membrane potential inhibited the accumulation of penetrating cations into mitochondria, thus lowering the uncoupling activity and preventing further loss of mitochondrial potential. Membrane potential recovery after the removal of the uncouplers did not abolish its antiinflammatory action. Thus, mild uncoupling could induce TNF resistance in endothelial cells. We found no significant stimulation of mitochondrial biogenesis or autophagy by the uncouplers. However, we observed a decrease in the relative amount of fragmented mitochondria. The latter may significantly change the signaling properties of mitochondria. Earlier we showed that both classic and mitochondria-targeted antioxidants inhibited the TNF-induced NFκB-dependent activation of endothelium. The present data suggest that the antiinflammatory effect of mild uncoupling is related to its antioxidant action.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- V P Romaschenko
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Belozersky Institute of Physico-Chemical Biology, Moscow, 119991, Russia.
| | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|