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Osada Y, Shimizu S, Morita K, Gaballah EM, Wu Z, Maekawa Y. Helminth-induced impairment of humoral immunity differently contribute to their anti-arthritic effects in mice: Comparison of Schistosoma mansoni and Trichinella spiralis. Exp Parasitol 2024; 261:108752. [PMID: 38604301 DOI: 10.1016/j.exppara.2024.108752] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/05/2024] [Revised: 04/04/2024] [Accepted: 04/08/2024] [Indexed: 04/13/2024]
Abstract
AIMS We have previously reported reduction of anti-type II collagen (IIC) IgG levels in collagen-induced arthritis (CIA) by Schistosoma mansoni (Sm) and Trichinella spiralis (Ts). To clarify the contribution of the impairment of humoral immunity to their anti-arthritic activities, we herein investigated the relationship between anti-IIC IgG levels and arthritic swelling in Sm- or Ts-infected mice. METHODS AND RESULTS Male DBA/1J mice were infected with Sm cercariae or Ts muscle larvae prior to the IIC immunization. In the Sm-infected mice, paw swelling and anti-IIC IgG levels were continuously lower than those of non-infected control group. In contrast, arthritic swelling in the Ts-infected mice only decreased in the early phase of CIA progression, despite the continued impairment of anti-IIC IgG production throughout the experimental period. Correlation coefficients between residual paw swelling and anti-IIC IgG titers were similar or higher in the Sm group than in the control group, but were similar or lower in the Ts group than in the control group. CONCLUSION The down-modulations of anti-IIC IgG levels by the two parasitic infections and the correlation analyses suggest that the anti-arthritic activity of Sm was primarily attributed to the modulation of IgG-independent arthritogenic mechanisms and secondarily to the impairment of anti-IIC IgG production. In contrast, Ts could alleviate CIA mainly via the impairment of antibody production.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yoshio Osada
- Department of Immunology and Parasitology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, 1-1, Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan.
| | - Shoichi Shimizu
- Department of Immunology and Parasitology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, 1-1, Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan
| | - Kentaro Morita
- Department of Immunology and Parasitology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, 1-1, Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan
| | - Eman M Gaballah
- Department of Immunology and Parasitology, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, 1-1, Iseigaoka, Yahatanishi-ku, Kitakyushu, 807-8555, Japan; Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Damietta University, Damietta, Egypt
| | - Zhiliang Wu
- Department of Parasitology and Infectious Diseases, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1, Yanagito, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan
| | - Yoichi Maekawa
- Department of Parasitology and Infectious Diseases, Gifu University Graduate School of Medicine, 1-1, Yanagito, Gifu, 501-1194, Japan; Division of Preemptive Food Research, Preemptive Food Research Center (PFRC), Gifu University Institute for Advanced Study (GUiAS), 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan; Division of Animal Medical Science, Center for One Medicine Innovative Translational Research (COMIT), Gifu University Institute for Advanced Study (GUiAS), 1-1 Yanagido, Gifu, 501-1193, Japan
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2
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Yurkina DM, Romanova EA, Tvorogova AV, Naydenysheva ZK, Feoktistov AV, Yashin DV, Sashchenko LP. The 12-Membered TNFR1 Peptide, as Well as the 16-Membered and 6-Membered TNF Peptides, Regulate TNFR1-Dependent Cytotoxic Activity of TNF. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:3900. [PMID: 38612709 PMCID: PMC11011327 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25073900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2024] [Revised: 03/29/2024] [Accepted: 03/30/2024] [Indexed: 04/14/2024] Open
Abstract
Understanding the exact mechanisms of the activation of proinflammatory immune response receptors is very important for the targeted regulation of their functioning. In this work, we were able to identify the sites of the molecules in the proinflammatory cytokine TNF (tumor necrosis factor) and its TNFR1 (tumor necrosis factor receptor 1), which are necessary for the two-stage cytotoxic signal transduction required for tumor cell killing. A 12-membered TNFR1 peptide was identified and synthesized, interacting with the ligands of this receptor protein's TNF and Tag7 and blocking their binding to the receptor. Two TNF cytokine peptides interacting with different sites of TNFR1 receptors were identified and synthesized. It has been demonstrated that the long 16-membered TNF peptide interferes with the binding of TNFR1 ligands to this receptor, and the short 6-membered peptide interacts with the receptor site necessary for the transmission of a cytotoxic signal into the cell after the ligands' interaction with the binding site. This study may help in the development of therapeutic approaches to regulate the activity of the cytokine TNF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria M. Yurkina
- Institute of Gene Biology (RAS), Moscow 119334, Russia; (D.M.Y.); (E.A.R.); (Z.K.N.); (L.P.S.)
| | - Elena A. Romanova
- Institute of Gene Biology (RAS), Moscow 119334, Russia; (D.M.Y.); (E.A.R.); (Z.K.N.); (L.P.S.)
| | - Anna V. Tvorogova
- Center for Precision Genome Editing and Genetic Technologies for Biomedicine, Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119334, Russia;
| | - Zlata K. Naydenysheva
- Institute of Gene Biology (RAS), Moscow 119334, Russia; (D.M.Y.); (E.A.R.); (Z.K.N.); (L.P.S.)
| | - Alexey V. Feoktistov
- Institute of Gene Biology (RAS), Moscow 119334, Russia; (D.M.Y.); (E.A.R.); (Z.K.N.); (L.P.S.)
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology (RAS), Moscow 119334, Russia
| | - Denis V. Yashin
- Institute of Gene Biology (RAS), Moscow 119334, Russia; (D.M.Y.); (E.A.R.); (Z.K.N.); (L.P.S.)
| | - Lidia P. Sashchenko
- Institute of Gene Biology (RAS), Moscow 119334, Russia; (D.M.Y.); (E.A.R.); (Z.K.N.); (L.P.S.)
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3
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Gaballah EM, Morita K, Shimizu S, Elhenawy AA, Nabih N, Elsawey AM, Abdel-Mageed SA, Osada Y. Non-lethal rodent malarial infection prevents collagen-induced arthritis in mice via anti-arthritic immunomodulation. Parasite Immunol 2021; 44:e12901. [PMID: 34931316 DOI: 10.1111/pim.12901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/12/2021] [Revised: 12/14/2021] [Accepted: 12/15/2021] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
AIMS Immunomodulatory effects of parasitic infections on the outcomes of allergic or autoimmune disorders have been addressed in many experimental studies. We examined the effects of Plasmodium yoelii 17X NL (Py) infection on collagen-induced arthritis (CIA). METHODS AND RESULTS Male DBA/1J mice were immunized with bovine type II collagen (IIC). Py inoculation was induced at three different time points (1, 4 weeks after or 4 weeks before the immunization). Only the inoculation at 4 weeks after IIC immunization significantly inhibited arthritis development. Non-malarial anaemia induced by phenylhydrazine hydrochloride (PHZ) did not affect arthritis development. In the infected mice, anti-IIC IgG levels were transiently reduced. In addition, splenic production of pro-arthritic cytokines (IL-17 and TNF-α) and IFN-γ decreased, whereas IL-10 production increased. Flow cytometric analysis clarified that the main IL-10 producers in Py-infected mice had the CD4+ CD25- Foxp3- phenotype, presumably Tr1 cells. CONCLUSION We demonstrated that experimental malarial infection alleviated autoimmune arthritis via immunomodulation, suggesting the importance of malaria in the hygiene hypothesis and the significance of searching for therapeutic immunomodulatory molecules from malarial parasites.
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Affiliation(s)
- Eman M Gaballah
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.,Department of Parasitology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, Kitakyushu, Japan.,Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Damietta University, Damietta, Egypt
| | - Kentaro Morita
- Department of Parasitology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Shoichi Shimizu
- Department of Parasitology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, Kitakyushu, Japan
| | - Abeer A Elhenawy
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Nairmen Nabih
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Aliaa M Elsawey
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Salama A Abdel-Mageed
- Department of Medical Parasitology, Faculty of Medicine, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt
| | - Yoshio Osada
- Department of Parasitology and Immunology, School of Medicine, University of Occupational and Environmental Health, Japan, Kitakyushu, Japan
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4
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Wade M, Fausther-Bovendo H, De La Vega MA, Kobinger G. In vivo generation of collagen specific Tregs with AAV8 suppresses autoimmune responses and arthritis in DBA1 mice through IL10 production. Sci Rep 2021; 11:18204. [PMID: 34521922 PMCID: PMC8440515 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-97739-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/25/2021] [Accepted: 08/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Available therapeutics for autoimmune disorders focused on mitigating symptoms, rather than treating the cause of the disorder. A novel approach using adeno-associated virus (AAV) could restore tolerance to the autoimmune targets and provide a permanent treatment for autoimmune diseases. Here, we evaluated the ability of collagen II T-cell epitopes packaged in adeno-associated virus serotype 8 (AAV-8) vectors to reduce pathogenic cellular and humoral responses against collagen and to mitigate the disease in the collagen-induced arthritis mouse model. The cytokines and immune cells involved in the immune suppression were also investigated. Mice treated with AAV-8 containing collagen II T-cell epitopes demonstrated a significant reduction in the arthritis symptoms, pathogenic collagen specific antibody and T cell responses. The AAV-8 mediated immune suppression was mediated by increased interleukin-10 expression and regulatory T cells expansion. Altogether, this study strengthens the notion that AAV vectors are promising candidates for the treatment of autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Matthew Wade
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec, Canada
| | - Hugues Fausther-Bovendo
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec, Canada
| | - Marc-Antoine De La Vega
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec, Canada
| | - Gary Kobinger
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, Faculty of Medicine, Laval University, Quebec, Canada. .,Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Pennsylvania School 27 of Medicine, Philadelphia, PA, USA.
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Korneev KV, Sviriaeva EN, Mitkin NA, Gorbacheva AM, Uvarova AN, Ustiugova AS, Polanovsky OL, Kulakovskiy IV, Afanasyeva MA, Schwartz AM, Kuprash DV. Minor C allele of the SNP rs7873784 associated with rheumatoid arthritis and type-2 diabetes mellitus binds PU.1 and enhances TLR4 expression. Biochim Biophys Acta Mol Basis Dis 2019; 1866:165626. [PMID: 31785408 DOI: 10.1016/j.bbadis.2019.165626] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2019] [Revised: 11/08/2019] [Accepted: 11/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Abstract
Toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4) is an innate immunity receptor predominantly expressed on myeloid cells and involved in the development of various diseases, many of them with complex genetics. Here we present data on functionality of single nucleotide polymorphism rs7873784 located in the 3'-untranslated region (3'-UTR) of TLR4 gene and associated with various pathologies involving chronic inflammation. We demonstrate that TLR4 3'-UTR strongly enhanced the activity of TLR4 promoter in U937 human monocytic cell line while minor rs7873784(C) allele created a binding site for transcription factor PU.1 (encoded by SPI1 gene), a known regulator of TLR4 expression. Increased binding of PU.1 further augmented the TLR4 transcription while PU.1 knockdown or complete disruption of the PU.1 binding site abrogated the effect. We hypothesize that additional functional PU.1 site may increase TLR4 expression in individuals carrying minor C variant of rs7873784 and modulate the development of certain pathologies, such as rheumatoid arthritis and type-2 diabetes mellitus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kirill V Korneev
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ekaterina N Sviriaeva
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Nikita A Mitkin
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alisa M Gorbacheva
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia; Biological Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - Aksinya N Uvarova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia; Biological Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - Alina S Ustiugova
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia; Biological Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia
| | - Oleg L Polanovsky
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ivan V Kulakovskiy
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia; Vavilov Institute of General Genetics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia; Institute of Mathematical Problems of Biology, Keldysh Institute of Applied Mathematics, Russian Academy of Sciences, 142290 Pushchino, Russia
| | - Marina A Afanasyeva
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Anton M Schwartz
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Dmitry V Kuprash
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119991 Moscow, Russia; Biological Faculty, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119234 Moscow, Russia.
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Gorshkova EN, Efimov GA, Ermakova KD, Vasilenko EA, Yuzhakova DV, Shirmanova MV, Mokhonov VV, Tillib SV, Nedospasov SA, Astrakhantseva IV. Properties of Fluorescent Far-Red Anti-TNF Nanobodies. Antibodies (Basel) 2018; 7:antib7040043. [PMID: 31544893 PMCID: PMC6698962 DOI: 10.3390/antib7040043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2018] [Revised: 12/12/2018] [Accepted: 12/13/2018] [Indexed: 01/31/2023] Open
Abstract
Upregulation of the expression of tumor necrosis factor (TNF-α, TNF) has a significant role in the development of autoimmune diseases. The fluorescent antibodies binding TNF may be used for personalized therapy of TNF-dependent diseases as a tool to predict the response to anti-TNF treatment. We generated recombinant fluorescent proteins consisting of the anti-TNF module based on the variable heavy chain (VHH) of camelid antibodies fused with the far-red fluorescent protein Katushka (Kat). Two types of anti-TNF VHH were developed: one (BTN-Kat) that was bound both human or mouse TNF, but did not neutralize their activity, and a second (ITN-Kat) that was binding and neutralizing human TNF. BTN-Kat does not interfere with TNF biological functions and can be used for whole-body imaging. ITN-Kat can be evaluated in humanized mice or in cells isolated from humanized mice. It is able to block human TNF (hTNF) activities both in vitro and in vivo and may be considered as a prototype of a theranostic agent for autoimmune diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ekaterina N Gorshkova
- Center of Molecular Biology and Biomedicine, Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, Lobachevsky State University, Nizhniy Novgorod 603950, Russia.
| | - Grigory A Efimov
- Laboratory of Transplantation Immunology, National Research Center for Hematology, Moscow 125167, Russia.
| | - Ksenia D Ermakova
- Center of Molecular Biology and Biomedicine, Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, Lobachevsky State University, Nizhniy Novgorod 603950, Russia.
| | - Ekaterina A Vasilenko
- Center of Molecular Biology and Biomedicine, Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, Lobachevsky State University, Nizhniy Novgorod 603950, Russia.
| | - Diana V Yuzhakova
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies, Nizhny Novgorod State Medical Academy, Nizhniy Novgorod 603005, Russia.
| | - Marina V Shirmanova
- Institute of Biomedical Technologies, Nizhny Novgorod State Medical Academy, Nizhniy Novgorod 603005, Russia.
| | - Vladislav V Mokhonov
- Center of Molecular Biology and Biomedicine, Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, Lobachevsky State University, Nizhniy Novgorod 603950, Russia.
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia.
| | - Sergei V Tillib
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia.
- Institute of Gene Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119334, Russia.
| | - Sergei A Nedospasov
- Center of Molecular Biology and Biomedicine, Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, Lobachevsky State University, Nizhniy Novgorod 603950, Russia.
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia.
- Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia.
| | - Irina V Astrakhantseva
- Center of Molecular Biology and Biomedicine, Institute of Biology and Biomedicine, Lobachevsky State University, Nizhniy Novgorod 603950, Russia.
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Scarneo SA, Mansourati A, Eibschutz LS, Totzke J, Roques JR, Loiselle D, Carlson D, Hughes P, Haystead TAJ. Genetic and pharmacological validation of TAK1 inhibition in macrophages as a therapeutic strategy to effectively inhibit TNF secretion. Sci Rep 2018; 8:17058. [PMID: 30451876 PMCID: PMC6242965 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-018-35189-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/20/2018] [Accepted: 10/31/2018] [Indexed: 12/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Immune challenge of invading macrophages at sites of infection is associated with release of TNF, which triggers a local cytokine storm as part of the normal inflammatory response. Whereas this response maybe beneficial in fighting off infections, similar responses triggered in autoimmune diseases contribute significantly to the underlying damaging pathology associated with these diseases. Here we show that Takinib, a highly discriminatory inhibitor of transforming growth factor Beta- activated kinase 1 (TAK1), selectively and potently reduces TNF production in pro-inflammatory THP-1 macrophages. A complete survey of 110 cytokines, showed robust loss of proinflammatory cytokine responsiveness to lipopolysaccharide (LPS) and interferon gamma (IFNγ) challenge in response to Takinib. The mechanisms of action of Takinib was recapitulated in TAK1 KO macrophages. TAK1 KO cells showed significant loss of TNF production as well as release of IL-6 in response to LPS challenge. Furthermore, Takinib blocked the ability of exogenously added LPS to promote phosphorylation of, c-Jun, p38 protein kinases as well as downstream transcription factors regulated by nuclear factor κ-light-chain-enhancer of activated B cells (NFκB). In a mouse LPS challenge model, Takinib significantly reduced TNF serum levels. Our findings demonstrate that Takinib has utility in the treatment inflammatory disease by locally suppressing TNF production from invading macrophages.
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Affiliation(s)
- Scott A Scarneo
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Antoine Mansourati
- Clinical and Translational Science Institute, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Liesl S Eibschutz
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Juliane Totzke
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Jose R Roques
- Lineberger Comprehensive Cancer Center, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Chapel Hill, NC, 27599, USA
| | - David Loiselle
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - David Carlson
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Philip Hughes
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA
| | - Timothy A J Haystead
- Department of Pharmacology and Cancer Biology, Duke University School of Medicine, Durham, NC, 27710, USA.
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Mak KK, Tan JJ, Marappan P, Balijepalli MK, Choudhury H, Ramamurthy S, Pichika MR. Galangin’s potential as a functional food ingredient. J Funct Foods 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jff.2018.04.054] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
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9
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Drutskaya MS, Efimov GA, Astrakhantseva IV, Kruglov AA, Nedospasov SA. Making anti-cytokine therapy more selective: Studies in mice. Cytokine 2016; 101:33-38. [PMID: 27624866 DOI: 10.1016/j.cyto.2016.08.022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2016] [Revised: 08/21/2016] [Accepted: 08/23/2016] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
Cytokines are involved in a wide range of functions shaping the normal immune response, yet inflammatory changes in the immune system due to dysregulated cytokine signaling may lead to the induction of autoimmunity. Cytokine inhibitors have revolutionized the treatment of many autoimmune diseases in recent years. Systemic cytokine ablation, however, is often associated with the development of adverse side effects and some patients simply do not respond to therapy. TNF, IL-1 and IL-6 are the best characterized proinflammatory cytokines considered as the main therapeutic targets for the treatment of several autoimmune and inflammatory diseases. But can anti-cytokine therapy become more selective and thus more efficient? This mini-review discusses several recently emerging paradigms and summarizes current experimental attempts to validate them in mouse studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Marina S Drutskaya
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Grigory A Efimov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia; National Scientific Center for Hematology, Moscow 125167, Russia; Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod 603950, Russia
| | | | - Andrei A Kruglov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia; Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod 603950, Russia; Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 199991, Russia; German Rheumatism Research Center (DRFZ), Berlin 10117, Germany
| | - Sergei A Nedospasov
- Engelhardt Institute of Molecular Biology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow 119991, Russia; Lobachevsky State University of Nizhny Novgorod, Nizhny Novgorod 603950, Russia; Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 199991, Russia; German Rheumatism Research Center (DRFZ), Berlin 10117, Germany.
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10
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Nepomnyashchikh TS, Antonets DV, Shchelkunov SN. Gene therapy of arthritis. RUSS J GENET+ 2016. [DOI: 10.1134/s1022795416050094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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