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Li C, Liu J, Wei Z, Cheng Y, Shen Z, Xin Z, Huang Y, Wang H, Li Y, Mu Z, Zhang Q. Exogenous melatonin enhances the tolerance of tiger nut (Cyperus esculentus L.) via DNA damage repair pathway under heavy metal stress (Cd 2+) at the sprout stage. ECOTOXICOLOGY AND ENVIRONMENTAL SAFETY 2023; 265:115519. [PMID: 37769580 DOI: 10.1016/j.ecoenv.2023.115519] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/10/2023] [Revised: 09/21/2023] [Accepted: 09/23/2023] [Indexed: 10/03/2023]
Abstract
Heavy metal (HM) stress is a non-negligible abiotic stress that seriously restricts crop yield and quality, while the sprout stage is the most sensitive to stress and directly impacts the growth and development of the later stage. Melatonin (N-acetyl-5-methoxytryptamine), as an exogenous additive, enhances stress resistance due to its ability to oxidize and reduce. However, few reports on exogenous melatonin to tiger nuts under HM stress have explored whether exogenous melatonin enhances plants' resistance to heavy metals. Here, "Jisha 2″ was used as material, with a stress concentration of 5 mg/L and 100 μmol/L of CdCl2 to explore whether exogenous melatonin enhances plant resistance and molecular mechanism. The result revealed that stress limits growth, while melatonin alleviated the sprout damage under stress from the phenotypes. Moreover, stress-enhanced reactive oxygen species (ROS) accumulation and membrane lipid peroxidation, while melatonin-increased ROS reduce damage via the analysis of superoxide dismutase (SOD), peroxidase (POD), catalase (CAT), and ascorbate peroxidase (APX) and malondialdehyde (MDA) content, hydrogen peroxide (H2O2), superoxide anion (O2-), and Electrolyte leakage (El). Further results indicated that HM leads to DNA damage while exogenous melatonin will repair the damage by analyzing random amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD), DNA cross-linking, 8-hydroxy-20-deoxyguanine level, and relative density of apurinic sites. Furthermore, gene expression in the DNA-repaired pathway exhibited similar results. These results applied that exogenous melatonin released the hurt caused by HM stress, with DNA repair and ROS balance serving as candidate pathways. This study elucidated the mechanism of melatonin's influence and provided theoretical insights into its application in tiger nuts.
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Affiliation(s)
- Caihua Li
- Institute of Economic Plants, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Jiayao Liu
- Institute of Economic Plants, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Zunmiao Wei
- Institute of Economic Plants, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Yan Cheng
- Institute of Economic Plants, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Zihao Shen
- Agricultural College, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Zhuo Xin
- Agricultural College, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Yudi Huang
- Agricultural College, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Hongda Wang
- Agricultural College, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China
| | - Yuhuan Li
- Institute of Economic Plants, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China
| | - Zhongsheng Mu
- Institute of Economic Plants, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China; Agricultural College, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China.
| | - Qi Zhang
- Institute of Economic Plants, Jilin Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Changchun, China; Agricultural College, Heilongjiang Bayi Agricultural University, Daqing, China.
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2
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Sugimoto Y, Masuda Y, Iwai S, Miyake Y, Kanao R, Masutani C. Novel mechanisms for the removal of strong replication-blocking HMCES- and thiazolidine-DNA adducts in humans. Nucleic Acids Res 2023; 51:4959-4981. [PMID: 37021581 PMCID: PMC10250235 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkad246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/13/2022] [Revised: 03/16/2023] [Accepted: 03/27/2023] [Indexed: 04/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) sites are DNA lesions created under normal growth conditions that result in cytotoxicity, replication-blocks, and mutations. AP sites are susceptible to β-elimination and are liable to be converted to DNA strand breaks. HMCES (5-hydroxymethylcytosine binding, ES cell specific) protein interacts with AP sites in single stranded (ss) DNA exposed at DNA replication forks to generate a stable thiazolidine protein-DNA crosslink and protect cells against AP site toxicity. The crosslinked HMCES is resolved by proteasome-mediated degradation; however, it is unclear how HMCES-crosslinked ssDNA and the resulting proteasome-degraded HMCES adducts are processed and repaired. Here, we describe methods for the preparation of thiazolidine adduct-containing oligonucleotides and determination of their structure. We demonstrate that the HMCES-crosslink is a strong replication blocking adduct and that protease-digested HMCES adducts block DNA replication to a similar extent as AP sites. Moreover, we show that the human AP endonuclease APE1 incises DNA 5' to the protease-digested HMCES adduct. Interestingly, while HMCES-ssDNA crosslinks are stable, the crosslink is reversed upon the formation of dsDNA, possibly due to a catalytic reverse reaction. Our results shed new light on damage tolerance and repair pathways for HMCES-DNA crosslinks in human cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yohei Sugimoto
- Department of Genome Dynamics, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
- Department of Molecular Pharmaco-Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Yuji Masuda
- Department of Genome Dynamics, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
- Department of Molecular Pharmaco-Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Shigenori Iwai
- Graduate School of Engineering Science, Osaka University, 1-3 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-8531, Japan
| | - Yumi Miyake
- Forefront Research Center, Graduate School of Science, Osaka University, 1-1 Machikaneyama, Toyonaka, Osaka 560-0043, Japan
| | - Rie Kanao
- Department of Genome Dynamics, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
- Department of Molecular Pharmaco-Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
| | - Chikahide Masutani
- Department of Genome Dynamics, Research Institute of Environmental Medicine, Nagoya University, Furo-cho, Chikusa-ku, Nagoya 464-8601, Japan
- Department of Molecular Pharmaco-Biology, Nagoya University Graduate School of Medicine, 65 Tsurumai-cho, Showa-ku, Nagoya 466-8550, Japan
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Kinetic Features of 3'-5'-Exonuclease Activity of Apurinic/Apyrimidinic Endonuclease Apn2 from Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms232214404. [PMID: 36430884 PMCID: PMC9697762 DOI: 10.3390/ijms232214404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/09/2022] [Revised: 11/16/2022] [Accepted: 11/17/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022] Open
Abstract
In yeast Saccharomyces cerevisiae cells, apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) sites are primarily repaired by base excision repair. Base excision repair is initiated by one of two AP endonucleases: Apn1 or Apn2. AP endonucleases catalyze hydrolytic cleavage of the phosphodiester backbone on the 5' side of an AP site, thereby forming a single-strand break containing 3'-OH and 5'-dRP ends. In addition, Apn2 has 3'-phosphodiesterase activity (removing 3'-blocking groups) and 3' → 5' exonuclease activity (both much stronger than its AP endonuclease activity). Nonetheless, the role of the 3'-5'-exonuclease activity of Apn2 remains unclear and presumably is involved in the repair of damage containing single-strand breaks. In this work, by separating reaction products in a polyacrylamide gel and by a stopped-flow assay, we performed a kinetic analysis of the interaction of Apn2 with various model DNA substrates containing a 5' overhang. The results allowed us to propose a mechanism for the cleaving off of nucleotides and to determine the rate of the catalytic stage of the process. It was found that dissociation of a reaction product from the enzyme active site is not a rate-limiting step in the enzymatic reaction. We determined an influence of the nature of the 3'-terminal nucleotide that can be cleaved off on the course of the enzymatic reaction. Finally, it was found that the efficiency of the enzymatic reaction is context-specific.
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Li J, Zhao H, McMahon A, Yan S. APE1 assembles biomolecular condensates to promote the ATR-Chk1 DNA damage response in nucleolus. Nucleic Acids Res 2022; 50:10503-10525. [PMID: 36200829 PMCID: PMC9561277 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkac853] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2022] [Revised: 09/14/2022] [Accepted: 10/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Multifunctional protein APE1/APEX1/HAP1/Ref-1 (designated as APE1) plays important roles in nuclease-mediated DNA repair and redox regulation in transcription. However, it is unclear how APE1 regulates the DNA damage response (DDR) pathways. Here we show that siRNA-mediated APE1-knockdown or APE1 inhibitor treatment attenuates the ATR–Chk1 DDR under stress conditions in multiple immortalized cell lines. Congruently, APE1 overexpression (APE1-OE) activates the ATR DDR under unperturbed conditions, which is independent of APE1 nuclease and redox functions. Structural and functional analysis reveals a direct requirement of the extreme N-terminal motif within APE1 in the assembly of distinct biomolecular condensates in vitro and DNA/RNA-independent activation of the ATR DDR. Overexpressed APE1 co-localizes with nucleolar NPM1 and assembles biomolecular condensates in nucleoli in cancer but not non-malignant cells, which recruits ATR and activator molecules TopBP1 and ETAA1. APE1 protein can directly activate ATR to phosphorylate its substrate Chk1 in in vitro kinase assays. W119R mutant of APE1 is deficient in nucleolar condensation, and is incapable of activating nucleolar ATR DDR in cells and ATR kinase in vitro. APE1-OE-induced nucleolar ATR DDR activation leads to compromised ribosomal RNA transcription and reduced cell viability. Taken together, we propose distinct mechanisms by which APE1 regulates ATR DDR pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia Li
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA
| | - Haichao Zhao
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA
| | - Anne McMahon
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA
| | - Shan Yan
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA.,School of Data Science, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA.,Center for Biomedical Engineering and Science, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, NC 28223, USA
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5
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Sun Z, Chen G, Wang L, Sang Q, Xu G, Zhang N. APEX1 promotes the oncogenicity of hepatocellular carcinoma via regulation of MAP2K6. Aging (Albany NY) 2022; 14:7959-7971. [PMID: 36205565 PMCID: PMC9596212 DOI: 10.18632/aging.204325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/09/2021] [Accepted: 09/17/2022] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
Objective: Apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (APEX1), a key enzyme responsible for DNA base excision repair, has been linked to development and progression of cancers. In this work, we aimed to explore the role of APEX1 in hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) and elucidate its molecular mechanism. Methods: The expression of APEX1 in HCC tissues and matched adjacent normal tissues (n = 80 cases) was evaluated by immunohistochemistry. Web-based tools UALCAN and the Kaplan-Meier plotter were used to analyze the Cancer Genome Atlas database to compare expression of APEX1 mRNA to 5-year overall survival. APEX1 was stably silenced in two HCC cell lines, Hep 3B and Bel-7402, with shRNA technology. An in vivo tumorigenesis model was established by subcutaneously injecting sh-APEX1-transfected Bel-7402 cells into mice, and tumor growth was determined. We performed high-throughput transcriptome sequencing in sh-APEX1-treated HCC cells to identify the key KEGG signaling pathways induced by silencing of APEX1. Results: APEX1 was significantly upregulated and predicted poor clinical overall survival in HCC patients. Silencing APEX1 inhibited the proliferation of HCC cells in vivo and in vitro, and it repressed invasion and migration and increased apoptosis and the percentage of cells in G1. Differentially expressed genes upon APEX1 silencing included genes involved in TNF signaling. A positive correlation between the expression of APEX1 and MAP2K6 was noted, and overexpressing MAP2K6 overcame cancer-related phenotypes associated with APEX1 silencing. Conclusion: APEX1 enhances the malignant properties of HCC via MAP2K6. APEX1 may represent a valuable prognostic biomarker and therapeutic target in HCC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhipeng Sun
- Hepatopancreatobiliary Center, Beijing Tsinghua Changgung Hospital, School of Clinical Medicine, Institute for Precision Medicine, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China
| | - Guangyang Chen
- Oncology Surgery Department, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Peking University Ninth School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Liang Wang
- Oncology Surgery Department, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Peking University Ninth School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Qing Sang
- Oncology Surgery Department, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Peking University Ninth School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Guangzhong Xu
- Oncology Surgery Department, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Peking University Ninth School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
| | - Nengwei Zhang
- Oncology Surgery Department, Beijing Shijitan Hospital, Capital Medical University, Peking University Ninth School of Clinical Medicine, Beijing, China
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6
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Wang Q, Yu Q, Wu M. Antioxidant and neuroprotective actions of resveratrol in cerebrovascular diseases. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:948889. [PMID: 36133823 PMCID: PMC9483202 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.948889] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2022] [Accepted: 08/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Cerebralvascular diseases are the most common high-mortality diseases worldwide. Despite its global prevalence, effective treatments and therapies need to be explored. Given that oxidative stress is an important risk factor involved with cerebral vascular diseases, natural antioxidants and its derivatives can be served as a promising therapeutic strategy. Resveratrol (3, 5, 4′-trihydroxystilbene) is a natural polyphenolic antioxidant found in grape skins, red wine, and berries. As a phytoalexin to protect against oxidative stress, resveratrol has therapeutic value in cerebrovascular diseases mainly by inhibiting excessive reactive oxygen species production, elevating antioxidant enzyme activity, and other antioxidant molecular mechanisms. This review aims to collect novel kinds of literature regarding the protective activities of resveratrol on cerebrovascular diseases, addressing the potential mechanisms underlying the antioxidative activities and mitochondrial protection of resveratrol. We also provide new insights into the chemistry, sources, and bioavailability of resveratrol.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qing Wang
- Shaanxi Prov Peoples Hospital, Shaanxi Prov Key Lab Infect and Immune Dis, Xian, China
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular Diseases and Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an, China
| | - Qi Yu
- Shaanxi Key Laboratory of Ischemic Cardiovascular Diseases and Institute of Basic and Translational Medicine, Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an, China
- Department of Histology and Embryology, Xi’an Medical University, Xi’an, China
- Department of Pharmacology, College of Pharmacy, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xianyang, China
| | - Min Wu
- Shaanxi Prov Peoples Hospital, Shaanxi Prov Key Lab Infect and Immune Dis, Xian, China
- *Correspondence: Min Wu,
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7
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Cai Z, Wang A, Wang Y, Qiu Z, Li Y, Yan H, Fu M, Liu M, Yu Y, Gao F. Smart Programmable Scalable Dual-Mode Diagnostic Logic Nanoflare Strategy for Dual-Tumor Marker Detection. Anal Chem 2022; 94:9715-9723. [PMID: 35771770 DOI: 10.1021/acs.analchem.2c01159] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Compared with the single-marker detection scheme, the detection of multiple targets in the complex cell and biological environment can obtain more reliable detection results. Herein, we detected miRNA-21 and APE1 in two modes, AND and OR, respectively, based on gold nanoflares and simple logic components. In both modes, DNAzyme and APE1 can get rich fluorescence recovery results by breaking the DNA strands from the gold nanorods (AuNRs) and unquenching under different conditions. In vivo and in vitro experiments suggest that both nanoflares exhibit excellent biocompatibility and make efficient and sensitive judgments on the two targets. This strategy emphasizes the reuse nature of enzymes, and a small amount of target can generate a large amount of fluorescent signal in the logic device, which greatly reduces the detection limit when monitoring low-abundance targets. Since the short-stranded DNA component of the detection device is simple in composition and easy to program its probe sequence, it can be expanded into a detection system for the detection of other sets of related markers, which increases its potential for clinical application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhiheng Cai
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, P. R. China
| | - Ali Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, P. R. China
| | - Ying Wang
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, P. R. China
| | - Zhili Qiu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, P. R. China
| | - Yuting Li
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, P. R. China
| | - Hanrong Yan
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, P. R. China
| | - Mengying Fu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, P. R. China
| | - Miaoyan Liu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, School of Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, P. R. China
| | - Yanyan Yu
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, P. R. China
| | - Fenglei Gao
- Jiangsu Key Laboratory of New Drug Research and Clinical Pharmacy, Xuzhou Medical University, Xuzhou 221004, P. R. China
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8
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Label-free and highly sensitive APE1 detection based on rolling circle amplification combined with G-quadruplex. Talanta 2022; 244:123404. [PMID: 35349840 DOI: 10.1016/j.talanta.2022.123404] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2022] [Revised: 03/12/2022] [Accepted: 03/22/2022] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
The highly sensitive detection of low-abundant apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (APE1) activity is of great significance for early diagnosis of disease and pathological research. Many methods for detecting APE1 based on isothermal nucleic acids amplification have been developed for improving its sensitivity. However, some of these methods have certain limitations, such as multiple reaction steps, narrow linear range, and complicated processes for fluorescent labeling. Herein, we develop a highly sensitive and label-free APE1 fluorescence detection method based on rolling circle amplification combined with G-quadruplex (RCA-G4). A hairpin probe (HP) labeled with the AP site can be recognized and cleaved by APE1, leading to the release of the primer sequence, which triggered RCA to produce long chain amplification products with a great amount of repeated sequences. The formed amplicon contains a series G-quadruplex structure, which can be combined with Thioflavin T (ThT) to produce fluorescence and achieve high sensitivity label-free detection of APE1. Benefit from the high amplification efficiency of RCA and the high fluorescence quantum yield of G-quadruplex/ThT, a detection limit as low as 1.52 × 10-6 U/mL and the linear range from 2 × 10-6 to 10 U/mL were obtained. The developed RCA-G4 method can be successfully used to detect APE1 in serum samples with a recovery from 96.3% to 105.7%. We believe that this approach is expected to play an important role in APE1-related disease research and drug development.
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Sanchez-Roman I, Ferrando B, Holst CM, Mengel-From J, Rasmussen SH, Thinggaard M, Bohr VA, Christensen K, Stevnsner T. Molecular markers of DNA repair and brain metabolism correlate with cognition in centenarians. GeroScience 2021; 44:103-125. [PMID: 34966960 DOI: 10.1007/s11357-021-00502-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2021] [Accepted: 12/14/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Oxidative stress is an important factor in age-associated neurodegeneration. Accordingly, mitochondrial dysfunction and genomic instability have been considered as key hallmarks of aging and have important roles in age-associated cognitive decline and neurodegenerative disorders. In order to evaluate whether maintenance of cognitive abilities at very old age is associated with key hallmarks of aging, we measured mitochondrial bioenergetics, mitochondrial DNA copy number and DNA repair capacity in peripheral blood mononuclear cells from centenarians in a Danish 1915 birth cohort (n = 120). Also, the circulating levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor, NAD+ /NADH and carbonylated proteins were measured in plasma of the centenarians and correlated to cognitive capacity. Mitochondrial respiration was well preserved in the centenarian cohort when compared to young individuals (21-35 years of age, n = 33). When correlating cognitive performance of the centenarians with mitochondrial function such as basal respiration, ATP production, reserve capacity and maximal respiration, no overall correlations were observed, but when stratifying by sex, inverse associations were observed in the males (p < 0.05). Centenarians with the most severe cognitive impairment displayed the lowest activity of the central DNA repair enzyme, APE1 (p < 0.05). A positive correlation between cognitive capacity and levels of NAD+ /NADH was observed (p < 0.05), which may be because NAD+ /NADH consuming enzyme activities strive to reduce the oxidative DNA damage load. Also, circulating protein carbonylation was lowest in centenarians with highest cognitive capacity (p < 0.05). An opposite trend was observed for levels of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (p = 0.17). Our results suggest that maintenance of cognitive capacity at very old age may be associated with cellular mechanisms related to oxidative stress and DNA metabolism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ines Sanchez-Roman
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Danish Aging Research Center, Aarhus, Denmark
- Department of Genetics, Physiology and Microbiology, Faculty of Biological Sciences (Animal Physiology Unit), School of Biology, Complutense University of Madrid, Madrid, Spain
| | - Beatriz Ferrando
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Danish Aging Research Center, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Camilla Myrup Holst
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark
- Danish Aging Research Center, Aarhus, Denmark
| | - Jonas Mengel-From
- Danish Aging Research Center, Aarhus, Denmark
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Biodemography, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Signe Høi Rasmussen
- Danish Aging Research Center, Aarhus, Denmark
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Biodemography, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Geriatrics, Odense University Hospital, Svendborg, Denmark
| | - Mikael Thinggaard
- Danish Aging Research Center, Aarhus, Denmark
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Biodemography, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Vilhelm A Bohr
- Danish Aging Research Center, Aarhus, Denmark
- National Institute On Aging, NIH, Baltimore, MD, USA
| | - Kaare Christensen
- Danish Aging Research Center, Aarhus, Denmark
- Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Biodemography, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Tinna Stevnsner
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Aarhus University, Aarhus, Denmark.
- Danish Aging Research Center, Aarhus, Denmark.
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10
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Liu TC, Guo KW, Chu JW, Hsiao YY. Understanding APE1 cellular functions by the structural preference of exonuclease activities. Comput Struct Biotechnol J 2021; 19:3682-3691. [PMID: 34285771 PMCID: PMC8258793 DOI: 10.1016/j.csbj.2021.06.036] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Revised: 06/21/2021] [Accepted: 06/22/2021] [Indexed: 12/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Mammalian apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) endonuclease 1 (APE1) has versatile enzymatic functions, including redox, endonuclease, and exonuclease activities. APE1 is thus broadly associated with pathways in DNA repair, cancer cell growth, and drug resistance. Unlike its AP site-specific endonuclease activity in Base excision repair (BER), the 3′-5′ exonucleolytic cleavage of APE1 using the same active site exhibits complex substrate selection patterns, which are key to the biological functions. This work aims to integrate molecular structural information and biocatalytic properties to deduce the substrate recognition mechanism of APE1 as an exonuclease and make connection to its diverse functionalities in the cell. In particular, an induced space-filling model emerges in which a bridge-like structure is formed by Arg177 and Met270 (RM bridge) upon substrate binding, causing the active site to adopt a long and narrow product pocket for hosting the leaving group of an AP site or the 3′-end nucleotide. Rather than distinguishing bases as other exonucleases, the hydrophobicity and steric hindrance due to the APE1 product pocket provides selectivity for substrate structures, such as matched or mismatched blunt-ended dsDNA, recessed dsDNA, gapped dsDNA, and nicked dsDNA with 3′-end overhang shorter than 2 nucleotides. These dsDNAs are similar to the native substrates in BER proofreading, BER for trinucleotide repeats (TNR), Nucleotide incision repair (NIR), DNA single-strand breaks (SSB), SSB with damaged bases, and apoptosis. Integration of in vivo studies, in vitro biochemical assays, and structural analysis is thus essential for linking the APE1 exonuclease activity to the specific roles in cellular functions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tung-Chang Liu
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Bioengineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30068, Taiwan.,Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan 30068, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Wei Guo
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Bioengineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30068, Taiwan.,Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan 30068, Taiwan
| | - Jhih-Wei Chu
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Bioengineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30068, Taiwan.,Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan 30068, Taiwan.,Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 30068, Taiwan.,Center For Intelligent Drug Systems and Smart Bio-devices (IDSB), National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Yuan Hsiao
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Bioengineering, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu 30068, Taiwan.,Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan 30068, Taiwan.,Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 30068, Taiwan.,Center For Intelligent Drug Systems and Smart Bio-devices (IDSB), National Yang Ming Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan.,Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Center for Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan
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11
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Ilina ES, Lavrik OI, Khodyreva SN. 5'-Deoxyribose Phosphate Lyase Activity of Apurinic/Apyrimidinic Endonuclease 1. Mol Biol 2021. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026893321020084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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12
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Liu TC, Lin CT, Chang KC, Guo KW, Wang S, Chu JW, Hsiao YY. APE1 distinguishes DNA substrates in exonucleolytic cleavage by induced space-filling. Nat Commun 2021; 12:601. [PMID: 33504804 PMCID: PMC7841161 DOI: 10.1038/s41467-020-20853-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2020] [Accepted: 12/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
Abstract
The exonuclease activity of Apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (APE1) is responsible for processing matched/mismatched terminus in various DNA repair pathways and for removing nucleoside analogs associated with drug resistance. To fill in the gap of structural basis for exonucleolytic cleavage, we determine the APE1-dsDNA complex structures displaying end-binding. As an exonuclease, APE1 does not show base preference but can distinguish dsDNAs with different structural features. Integration with assaying enzyme activity and binding affinity for a variety of substrates reveals for the first time that both endonucleolytic and exonucleolytic cleavage can be understood by an induced space-filling model. Binding dsDNA induces RM (Arg176 and Met269) bridge that defines a long and narrow product pocket for exquisite machinery of substrate selection. Our study paves the way to comprehend end-processing of dsDNA in the cell and the drug resistance relating to APE1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tung-Chang Liu
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Bioengineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 30068, Taiwan.,Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 30068, Taiwan
| | - Chun-Ting Lin
- Master's and Doctoral Degree Program for Science and Technology of Accelerator Light Sources, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 30068, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Cheng Chang
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 30068, Taiwan
| | - Kai-Wei Guo
- Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 30068, Taiwan
| | - Shuying Wang
- Department of Microbiology and Immunology, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Center of Infectious Disease and Signaling Research, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Institute of Basic Medical Sciences, College of Medicine, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan.,Department of Biotechnology and Bioindustry Sciences, College of Bioscience and Biotechnology, National Cheng Kung University, Tainan, Taiwan
| | - Jhih-Wei Chu
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Bioengineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 30068, Taiwan.,Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 30068, Taiwan.,Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 30068, Taiwan.,Center For Intelligent Drug Systems and Smart Bio-devices (IDS2B), National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan
| | - Yu-Yuan Hsiao
- Institute of Molecular Medicine and Bioengineering, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 30068, Taiwan. .,Department of Biological Science and Technology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 30068, Taiwan. .,Master's and Doctoral Degree Program for Science and Technology of Accelerator Light Sources, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 30068, Taiwan. .,Institute of Bioinformatics and Systems Biology, National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, 30068, Taiwan. .,Center For Intelligent Drug Systems and Smart Bio-devices (IDS2B), National Chiao Tung University, Hsinchu, Taiwan. .,Drug Development and Value Creation Research Center, Center for Cancer Research, Kaohsiung Medical University, Kaohsiung, Taiwan.
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13
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Kharat SS, Ding X, Swaminathan D, Suresh A, Singh M, Sengodan SK, Burkett S, Marks H, Pamala C, He Y, Fox SD, Buehler EC, Muegge K, Martin SE, Sharan SK. Degradation of 5hmC-marked stalled replication forks by APE1 causes genomic instability. Sci Signal 2020; 13:13/645/eaba8091. [PMID: 32817374 DOI: 10.1126/scisignal.aba8091] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Abstract
Synthetic lethality between poly(ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) inhibition and BRCA deficiency is exploited to treat breast and ovarian tumors. However, resistance to PARP inhibitors (PARPis) is common. To identify potential resistance mechanisms, we performed a genome-wide RNAi screen in BRCA2-deficient mouse embryonic stem cells and validation in KB2P1.21 mouse mammary tumor cells. We found that resistance to multiple PARPi emerged with reduced expression of TET2 (ten-eleven translocation), which promotes DNA demethylation by oxidizing 5-methylcytosine (5mC) to 5-hydroxymethycytosine (5hmC) and other products. TET2 knockdown in BRCA2-deficient cells protected stalled replication forks (RFs). Increasing 5hmC abundance induced the degradation of stalled RFs in KB2P1.21 and human cancer cells by recruiting the base excision repair-associated apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease APE1, independent of the BRCA2 status. TET2 loss did not affect the recruitment of the repair protein RAD51 to sites of double-strand breaks (DSBs) or the abundance of proteins associated with RF integrity. The loss of TET2, of its product 5hmC, and of APE1 recruitment to stalled RFs promoted resistance to the chemotherapeutic cisplatin. Our findings reveal a previously unknown role for the epigenetic mark 5hmC in maintaining the integrity of stalled RFs and a potential resistance mechanism to PARPi and cisplatin.
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Affiliation(s)
- Suhas S Kharat
- Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Xia Ding
- Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Divya Swaminathan
- Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Akshey Suresh
- Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Manish Singh
- Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Satheesh K Sengodan
- Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Sandra Burkett
- Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Hanna Marks
- Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Chinmayi Pamala
- Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Yafeng He
- Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Stephen D Fox
- Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Eugen C Buehler
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, NIH, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Kathrin Muegge
- Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA.,Leidos Biomedical Research Inc., Frederick National Laboratory for Cancer Research, Frederick, MD 21702, USA
| | - Scott E Martin
- Division of Preclinical Innovation, National Center for Advancing Translational Sciences, NIH, Rockville, MD 20850, USA
| | - Shyam K Sharan
- Mouse Cancer Genetics Program, Center for Cancer Research, National Cancer Institute, Frederick, MD 21702, USA.
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14
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Ha A, Lin Y, Yan S. A non-canonical role for the DNA glycosylase NEIL3 in suppressing APE1 endonuclease-mediated ssDNA damage. J Biol Chem 2020; 295:14222-14235. [PMID: 32817342 DOI: 10.1074/jbc.ra120.014228] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/04/2020] [Revised: 08/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
The DNA glycosylase NEIL3 has been implicated in DNA repair pathways including the base excision repair and the interstrand cross-link repair pathways via its DNA glycosylase and/or AP lyase activity, which are considered canonical roles of NEIL3 in genome integrity. Compared with the other DNA glycosylases NEIL1 and NEIL2, Xenopus laevis NEIL3 C terminus has two highly conserved zinc finger motifs containing GRXF residues (designated as Zf-GRF). It has been demonstrated that the minor AP endonuclease APE2 contains only one Zf-GRF motif mediating interaction with single-strand DNA (ssDNA), whereas the major AP endonuclease APE1 does not. It appears that the two NEIL3 Zf-GRF motifs (designated as Zf-GRF repeat) are dispensable for its DNA glycosylase and AP lyase activity; however, the potential function of the NEIL3 Zf-GRF repeat in genome integrity remains unknown. Here, we demonstrate evidence that the NEIL3 Zf-GRF repeat was associated with a higher affinity for shorter ssDNA than one single Zf-GRF motif. Notably, our protein-protein interaction assays show that the NEIL3 Zf-GRF repeat but not one Zf-GRF motif interacted with APE1 but not APE2. We further reveal that APE1 endonuclease activity on ssDNA but not on dsDNA is compromised by a NEIL3 Zf-GRF repeat, whereas one Zf-GRF motif within NEIL3 is not sufficient to prevent such activity of APE1. In addition, COMET assays show that excess NEIL3 Zf-GRF repeat reduces DNA damage in oxidative stress in Xenopus egg extracts. Together, our results suggest a noncanonical role of NEIL3 in genome integrity via its distinct Zf-GRF repeat in suppressing APE1 endonuclease-mediated ssDNA breakage.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anh Ha
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, North Carolina, USA
| | - Yunfeng Lin
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, North Carolina, USA
| | - Shan Yan
- Department of Biological Sciences, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, Charlotte, North Carolina, USA
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15
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Rajapakse A, Suraweera A, Boucher D, Naqi A, O'Byrne K, Richard DJ, Croft LV. Redox Regulation in the Base Excision Repair Pathway: Old and New Players as Cancer Therapeutic Targets. Curr Med Chem 2020; 27:1901-1921. [PMID: 31258058 DOI: 10.2174/0929867326666190430092732] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2018] [Revised: 02/09/2019] [Accepted: 04/05/2019] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) are by-products of normal cellular metabolic processes, such as mitochondrial oxidative phosphorylation. While low levels of ROS are important signalling molecules, high levels of ROS can damage proteins, lipids and DNA. Indeed, oxidative DNA damage is the most frequent type of damage in the mammalian genome and is linked to human pathologies such as cancer and neurodegenerative disorders. Although oxidative DNA damage is cleared predominantly through the Base Excision Repair (BER) pathway, recent evidence suggests that additional pathways such as Nucleotide Excision Repair (NER) and Mismatch Repair (MMR) can also participate in clearance of these lesions. One of the most common forms of oxidative DNA damage is the base damage 8-oxoguanine (8-oxoG), which if left unrepaired may result in G:C to A:T transversions during replication, a common mutagenic feature that can lead to cellular transformation. OBJECTIVE Repair of oxidative DNA damage, including 8-oxoG base damage, involves the functional interplay between a number of proteins in a series of enzymatic reactions. This review describes the role and the redox regulation of key proteins involved in the initial stages of BER of 8-oxoG damage, namely Apurinic/Apyrimidinic Endonuclease 1 (APE1), human 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase-1 (hOGG1) and human single-stranded DNA binding protein 1 (hSSB1). Moreover, the therapeutic potential and modalities of targeting these key proteins in cancer are discussed. CONCLUSION It is becoming increasingly apparent that some DNA repair proteins function in multiple repair pathways. Inhibiting these factors would provide attractive strategies for the development of more effective cancer therapies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Rajapakse
- Queensland University of Technology, Faculty of Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Cancer and Ageing Research Program, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,School of Natural Sciences, Griffith University, Nathan, QLD, Australia
| | - Amila Suraweera
- Queensland University of Technology, Faculty of Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Cancer and Ageing Research Program, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Didier Boucher
- Queensland University of Technology, Faculty of Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Cancer and Ageing Research Program, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Ali Naqi
- Department of Chemistry, Pennsylvania State University, United States
| | - Kenneth O'Byrne
- Queensland University of Technology, Faculty of Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Cancer and Ageing Research Program, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia.,Cancer Services, Princess Alexandra Hospital, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Derek J Richard
- Queensland University of Technology, Faculty of Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Cancer and Ageing Research Program, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
| | - Laura V Croft
- Queensland University of Technology, Faculty of Health, School of Biomedical Sciences, Institute of Health and Biomedical Innovation, Cancer and Ageing Research Program, Translational Research Institute, Brisbane, QLD, Australia
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16
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He Y, Wang Y, Qin C, Xu Y, Cheng K, Xu H, Tian B, Zhao Y, Wang L, Hua Y. Structural and Functional Characterization of a Unique AP Endonuclease From Deinococcus radiodurans. Front Microbiol 2020; 11:1178. [PMID: 33117296 PMCID: PMC7548837 DOI: 10.3389/fmicb.2020.01178] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2020] [Accepted: 05/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Various endogenous and exogenous agents cause DNA damage, including apurinic/apyrimidinic (AP) sites. Due to their cytotoxic effects, AP sites are usually cleaved by AP endonuclease through the base excision repair (BER) pathway. Deinococcus radiodurans, an extraordinary radiation-resistant bacterium, is known as an ideal model organism for elucidating DNA repair processes. Here, we have investigated a unique AP endonuclease (DrXth) from D. radiodurans and found that it possesses AP endonuclease, 3'-phosphodiesterase, 3'-phosphatase, and 3'-5' exonuclease but has no nucleotide incision repair (NIR) activity. We also found that Mg2+ and Mn2+ were the preferred divalent metals for endonuclease and exonuclease activities, respectively. In addition, DrXth were crystallized and the crystals diffracted to 1.5 Å. Structural and biochemical analyses demonstrated that residue Gly198 is the key residue involved in the substrate DNA binding and cleavage. Deletion of the drxth gene in D. radiodurans caused elevated sensitivity to DNA damage agents and increased spontaneous mutation frequency. Overall, our results indicate that DrXth is an important AP endonuclease involved in BER pathway and functions in conjunction with other DNA repair enzymes to maintain the genome stability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuan He
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection, College of Life Sciences, Institute of Biophysics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yiyi Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection, College of Life Sciences, Institute of Biophysics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Chen Qin
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection, College of Life Sciences, Institute of Biophysics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ying Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection, College of Life Sciences, Institute of Biophysics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Kaiying Cheng
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection, College of Life Sciences, Institute of Biophysics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Hong Xu
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection, College of Life Sciences, Institute of Biophysics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Bing Tian
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection, College of Life Sciences, Institute of Biophysics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Ye Zhao
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection, College of Life Sciences, Institute of Biophysics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Liangyan Wang
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection, College of Life Sciences, Institute of Biophysics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
| | - Yuejin Hua
- MOE Key Laboratory of Biosystems Homeostasis and Protection, College of Life Sciences, Institute of Biophysics, Zhejiang University, Hangzhou, China
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17
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Buszewski B, Rogowska A, Railean-Plugaru V, Złoch M, Walczak-Skierska J, Pomastowski P. The Influence of Different Forms of Silver on Selected Pathogenic Bacteria. MATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2020; 13:E2403. [PMID: 32456144 PMCID: PMC7287713 DOI: 10.3390/ma13102403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/07/2020] [Revised: 05/20/2020] [Accepted: 05/20/2020] [Indexed: 01/24/2023]
Abstract
The application of silver nanoparticles as an antibacterial agent is becoming more common. Unfortunately, their effect on microorganisms is still not fully understood. Therefore, this paper attempts to investigate the influence of silver ions, biologically synthesized silver nanoparticles and nanoparticles functionalized with antibiotics on molecular bacteria profiles. The initial stage of research was aimed at the mechanism determination involved in antibiotics sorption onto nanoparticles' surface. For this purpose, the kinetics study was performed. Next, the functionalized formulations were characterized by Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (FT-IR), dynamic light scattering (DLS) and a zeta potential study. The results reveal that functionalization is a complex process, but does not significantly affect the stability of biocolloids. Furthermore, the antimicrobial assays, in most cases, have shown no increases in antibacterial activity after nanoparticle functionalization, which suggests that the functionalization process does not always generate the improved antimicrobial effect. Finally, the matrix-assisted laser desorption/ionization time-of-flight mass spectrometry (MALDI-TOF MS) technique was employed to characterize the changes in the molecular profile of bacteria treated with various antibacterial agents. The recorded spectra proved many differences in bacterial lipids and proteins profiles compared to untreated cells. In addition, the statistical analysis of recorded spectra revealed the strain-dependent nature of stress factors on the molecular profile of microorganisms.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bogusław Buszewski
- Centre for Modern Interdisciplinary Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Wileńska 4, 87-100 Torun, Poland; (B.B.); (A.R.); (V.R.-P.); (M.Z.)
- Department of Environmental Chemistry and Bioanalytics, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Torun, Poland;
| | - Agnieszka Rogowska
- Centre for Modern Interdisciplinary Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Wileńska 4, 87-100 Torun, Poland; (B.B.); (A.R.); (V.R.-P.); (M.Z.)
- Department of Environmental Chemistry and Bioanalytics, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Torun, Poland;
| | - Viorica Railean-Plugaru
- Centre for Modern Interdisciplinary Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Wileńska 4, 87-100 Torun, Poland; (B.B.); (A.R.); (V.R.-P.); (M.Z.)
- Department of Environmental Chemistry and Bioanalytics, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Torun, Poland;
| | - Michał Złoch
- Centre for Modern Interdisciplinary Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Wileńska 4, 87-100 Torun, Poland; (B.B.); (A.R.); (V.R.-P.); (M.Z.)
| | - Justyna Walczak-Skierska
- Department of Environmental Chemistry and Bioanalytics, Faculty of Chemistry, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Gagarina 7, 87-100 Torun, Poland;
| | - Paweł Pomastowski
- Centre for Modern Interdisciplinary Technologies, Nicolaus Copernicus University in Torun, Wileńska 4, 87-100 Torun, Poland; (B.B.); (A.R.); (V.R.-P.); (M.Z.)
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18
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Khanam T, Afsar M, Shukla A, Alam F, Kumar S, Soyar H, Dolma K, Pasupuleti M, Srivastava KK, Ampapathi RS, Ramachandran R. M. tuberculosis class II apurinic/ apyrimidinic-endonuclease/3'-5' exonuclease (XthA) engages with NAD+-dependent DNA ligase A (LigA) to counter futile cleavage and ligation cycles in base excision repair. Nucleic Acids Res 2020; 48:4325-4343. [PMID: 32232338 PMCID: PMC7530888 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkaa188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2019] [Revised: 02/24/2020] [Accepted: 03/27/2020] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Class-II AP-endonuclease (XthA) and NAD+-dependent DNA ligase (LigA) are involved in initial and terminal stages of bacterial DNA base excision repair (BER), respectively. XthA acts on abasic sites of damaged DNA to create nicks with 3′OH and 5′-deoxyribose phosphate (5′-dRP) moieties. Co-immunoprecipitation using mycobacterial cell-lysate, identified MtbLigA-MtbXthA complex formation. Pull-down experiments using purified wild-type, and domain-deleted MtbLigA mutants show that LigA-XthA interactions are mediated by the BRCT-domain of LigA. Small-Angle-X-ray scattering, 15N/1H-HSQC chemical shift perturbation experiments and mutational analysis identified the BRCT-domain region that interacts with a novel 104DGQPSWSGKP113 motif on XthA for complex-formation. Isothermal-titration calorimetry experiments show that a synthetic peptide with this sequence interacts with MtbLigA and disrupts XthA–LigA interactions. In vitro assays involving DNA substrate and product analogs show that LigA can efficiently reseal 3′OH and 5′dRP DNA termini created by XthA at abasic sites. Assays and SAXS experiments performed in the presence and absence of DNA, show that XthA inhibits LigA by specifically engaging with the latter's BRCT-domain to prevent it from encircling substrate DNA. Overall, the study suggests a coordinating function for XthA whereby it engages initially with LigA to prevent the undesirable consequences of futile cleavage and ligation cycles that might derail bacterial BER.
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Affiliation(s)
- Taran Khanam
- Molecular and Structural Biology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Mohammad Afsar
- Molecular and Structural Biology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ankita Shukla
- Molecular and Structural Biology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Faiyaz Alam
- Sophisticated Analytical Instruments Based Facility and Research Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Sanjay Kumar
- Molecular and Structural Biology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Horam Soyar
- Microbiology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Kunzes Dolma
- CSIR-Institute of Microbial Technology, Sector 39A, Chandigarh 160036, India
| | - Mukesh Pasupuleti
- Microbiology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Kishore Kumar Srivastava
- Microbiology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ravi Sankar Ampapathi
- Sophisticated Analytical Instruments Based Facility and Research Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, Uttar Pradesh, India
| | - Ravishankar Ramachandran
- Molecular and Structural Biology Division, CSIR-Central Drug Research Institute, Sector 10, Jankipuram Extension, Sitapur Road, Lucknow 226031, Uttar Pradesh, India
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19
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Zhang H, Ba S, Yang Z, Wang T, Lee JY, Li T, Shao F. Graphene Quantum Dot-Based Nanocomposites for Diagnosing Cancer Biomarker APE1 in Living Cells. ACS APPLIED MATERIALS & INTERFACES 2020; 12:13634-13643. [PMID: 32129072 DOI: 10.1021/acsami.9b21385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 8.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/14/2023]
Abstract
As an essential DNA repair enzyme, apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (APE1) is overexpressed in most human cancers and is identified as a cancer diagnostic and predictive biomarker for cancer risk assessment, diagnosis, prognosis, and prediction of treatment efficacy. Despite its importance in cancer, however, it is still a significant challenge nowadays to sense abundance variation and monitor enzymatic activity of this biomarker in living cells. Here, we report our construction of biocompatible functional nanocomposites, which are a combination of meticulously designed unimolecular DNA and fine-sized graphene quantum dots. Upon utilization of these nanocomposites as diagnostic probes, massive accumulation of fluorescence signal in living cells can be triggered by merely a small amount of cellular APE1 through repeated cycles of enzymatic catalysis. Most critically, our delicate structural designs assure that these graphene quantum dot-based nanocomposites are capable of sensing cancer biomarker APE1 in identical type of cells under different cell conditions and can be applied to multiple cancerous cells in a highly sensitive and specific manners. This work not only brings about new methods for cytology-based cancer screening but also lays down a general principle for fabricating diagnostic probes that target other endogenous biomarkers in living cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hao Zhang
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Sai Ba
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Zhaoqi Yang
- School of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Jiangnan University, Wuxi, Jiangsu 214122, China
| | - Tianxiang Wang
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Jasmine Yiqin Lee
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Tianhu Li
- Division of Chemistry and Biological Chemistry, School of Physical and Mathematical Sciences, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore 637371, Singapore
| | - Fangwei Shao
- ZJU-UIUC Institute, Zhejiang University, Haining, Zhejiang 314400, China
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20
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Krumkacheva OA, Shevelev GY, Lomzov AA, Dyrkheeva NS, Kuzhelev AA, Koval VV, Tormyshev VM, Polienko YF, Fedin MV, Pyshnyi DV, Lavrik OI, Bagryanskaya EG. DNA complexes with human apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1: structural insights revealed by pulsed dipolar EPR with orthogonal spin labeling. Nucleic Acids Res 2019; 47:7767-7780. [PMID: 31329919 PMCID: PMC6735896 DOI: 10.1093/nar/gkz620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2019] [Revised: 07/04/2019] [Accepted: 07/11/2019] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
A DNA molecule is under continuous influence of endogenous and exogenous damaging factors, which produce a variety of DNA lesions. Apurinic/apyrimidinic sites (abasic or AP sites) are among the most common DNA lesions. In this work, we applied pulse dipolar electron paramagnetic resonance (EPR) spectroscopy in combination with molecular dynamics (MD) simulations to investigate in-depth conformational changes in DNA containing an AP site and in a complex of this DNA with AP endonuclease 1 (APE1). For this purpose, triarylmethyl (TAM)-based spin labels were attached to the 5' ends of an oligonucleotide duplex, and nitroxide spin labels were introduced into APE1. In this way, we created a system that enabled monitoring the conformational changes of the main APE1 substrate by EPR. In addition, we were able to trace substrate-to-product transformation in this system. The use of different (orthogonal) spin labels in the enzyme and in the DNA substrate has a crucial advantage allowing for detailed investigation of local damage and conformational changes in AP-DNA alone and in its complex with APE1.
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Affiliation(s)
- Olesya A Krumkacheva
- N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry SB RAS, 9 Lavrentiev ave, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.,Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova Str. 2, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.,International Tomography Center SB RAS, Institutskaya Str. 3a, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Georgiy Yu Shevelev
- Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova Str. 2, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.,Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine SB RAS, 8 Lavrentiev ave, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Alexander A Lomzov
- Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova Str. 2, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.,Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine SB RAS, 8 Lavrentiev ave, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Nadezhda S Dyrkheeva
- Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine SB RAS, 8 Lavrentiev ave, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Andrey A Kuzhelev
- N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry SB RAS, 9 Lavrentiev ave, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.,Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova Str. 2, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.,International Tomography Center SB RAS, Institutskaya Str. 3a, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Vladimir V Koval
- Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova Str. 2, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.,Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine SB RAS, 8 Lavrentiev ave, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Victor M Tormyshev
- N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry SB RAS, 9 Lavrentiev ave, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.,Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova Str. 2, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Yuliya F Polienko
- N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry SB RAS, 9 Lavrentiev ave, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.,Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova Str. 2, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Matvey V Fedin
- Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova Str. 2, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.,International Tomography Center SB RAS, Institutskaya Str. 3a, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Dmitrii V Pyshnyi
- Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova Str. 2, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.,Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine SB RAS, 8 Lavrentiev ave, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Olga I Lavrik
- Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova Str. 2, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.,Institute of Chemical Biology and Fundamental Medicine SB RAS, 8 Lavrentiev ave, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
| | - Elena G Bagryanskaya
- N. N. Vorozhtsov Novosibirsk Institute of Organic Chemistry SB RAS, 9 Lavrentiev ave, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia.,Novosibirsk State University, Pirogova Str. 2, Novosibirsk 630090, Russia
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21
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Luo H, Wang L, Bao D, Wang L, Zhao H, Lian Y, Yan M, Mohan C, Li QZ. Novel Autoantibodies Related to Cell Death and DNA Repair Pathways in Systemic Lupus Erythematosus. GENOMICS PROTEOMICS & BIOINFORMATICS 2019; 17:248-259. [PMID: 31494269 PMCID: PMC6818352 DOI: 10.1016/j.gpb.2018.11.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/07/2018] [Revised: 10/16/2018] [Accepted: 12/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
Systemic lupus erythematosus (SLE) is a complex autoimmune syndrome characterized by various co-existing autoantibodies (autoAbs) in patients’ blood. However, the full spectrum of autoAbs in SLE has not been comprehensively elucidated. In this study, a commercial platform bearing 9400 antigens (ProtoArray) was used to identify autoAbs that were significantly elevated in the sera of SLE patients. By comparing the autoAb profiles of SLE patients with those of healthy controls, we identified 437 IgG and 1213 IgM autoAbs that the expression levels were significantly increased in SLE (P < 0.05). Use of the ProtoArray platform uncovered over 300 novel autoAbs targeting a broad range of nuclear, cytoplasmic, and membrane antigens. Molecular interaction network analysis revealed that the antigens targeted by the autoAbs were most significantly enriched in cell death, cell cycle, and DNA repair pathways. A group of autoAbs associated with cell apoptosis and DNA repair function, including those targeting APEX1, AURKA, POLB, AGO1, HMGB1, IFIT5, MAPKAPK3, PADI4, RGS3, SRP19, UBE2S, and VRK1, were further validated by ELISA and Western blot in a larger cohort. In addition, the levels of autoAbs against APEX1, HMGB1, VRK1, AURKA, PADI4, and SRP19 were positively correlated with the level of anti-dsDNA in SLE patients. Comprehensive autoAb screening has identified novel autoAbs, which may shed light on potential pathogenic pathways leading to lupus.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hui Luo
- Department of Rheumatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; Department of Immunology and Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Ling Wang
- Department of Immunology and Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA; Department of Nephrology, Shanghai Tenth People's Hospital of Tongji University, Shanghai 200072, China
| | - Ding Bao
- School of Laboratory Medicine and Life Science, Wenzhou Medical University, Wenzhou 325035, China
| | - Li Wang
- Department of Rheumatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; Department of Immunology and Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Hongjun Zhao
- Department of Rheumatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; Department of Immunology and Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Yun Lian
- Department of Immunology and Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Mei Yan
- Department of Immunology and Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA
| | - Chandra Mohan
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University of Houston, Houston, TX 77004, USA
| | - Quan-Zhen Li
- Department of Rheumatology, Xiangya Hospital, Central South University, Changsha 410008, China; Department of Immunology and Internal Medicine, University of Texas Southwestern Medical Center, Dallas, TX 75390, USA.
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22
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Aboelnga MM, Wetmore SD. Unveiling a Single-Metal-Mediated Phosphodiester Bond Cleavage Mechanism for Nucleic Acids: A Multiscale Computational Investigation of a Human DNA Repair Enzyme. J Am Chem Soc 2019; 141:8646-8656. [PMID: 31046259 DOI: 10.1021/jacs.9b03986] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed M. Aboelnga
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive West, Lethbridge, Alberta T1K 3M4, Canada
| | - Stacey D. Wetmore
- Department of Chemistry and Biochemistry, University of Lethbridge, 4401 University Drive West, Lethbridge, Alberta T1K 3M4, Canada
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23
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Low-power laser alters mRNA levels from DNA repair genes in acute lung injury induced by sepsis in Wistar rats. Lasers Med Sci 2018; 34:157-168. [DOI: 10.1007/s10103-018-2656-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/20/2018] [Accepted: 09/30/2018] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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24
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Moor NA, Lavrik OI. Protein–Protein Interactions in DNA Base Excision Repair. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2018; 83:411-422. [DOI: 10.1134/s0006297918040120] [Citation(s) in RCA: 24] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/03/2023]
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25
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Jia JY, Tan ZG, Liu M, Jiang YG. Apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (APE1) contributes to resveratrol‑induced neuroprotection against oxygen‑glucose deprivation and re‑oxygenation injury in HT22 cells: Involvement in reducing oxidative DNA damage. Mol Med Rep 2017; 16:9786-9794. [PMID: 29039534 DOI: 10.3892/mmr.2017.7799] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/08/2017] [Accepted: 09/19/2017] [Indexed: 11/06/2022] Open
Abstract
Resveratrol, a naturally occurring polyphenolic compound, exhibits a neuroprotective role in models of central nervous system diseases, including cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury. Apurinic/apyrimidinic endonuclease 1 (APE1) is a multifunctional enzyme that contributes to base excision repair of oxidative DNA damage and redox activation of transcription factors, associated with neuronal survival against hypoxic‑ischemic injury. It was hypothesized that resveratrol protects HT22 cells against oxygen‑glucose deprivation and re‑oxygenation (OGD/R)‑induced injuries through upregulation of APE1. It was demonstrated that resveratrol pretreatment significantly increased the viability of HT22 cells and decreased the release of lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), accompanied by the upregulation of APE1 mRNA, and protein levels, as well as the activity of APE1 under OGD/R conditions. In addition, resveratrol reversed OGD/R‑induced oxidative DNA damage as evidenced by the decreases in the levels of 8‑hydroxy‑2'‑deoxyguanosine and APE sites. However, APE1 knockdown using short hairpin RNA sequence targeting APE1 abolished resveratrol‑elicited beneficent effects against OGD/R‑induced cytotoxicity and oxidative stress. This was indicated by decreased cell viability, superoxide dismutase activity and glutathione levels, and increased LDH release and reactive oxygen species levels. The results of the present study indicate that APE1 contributes to the protective effects of resveratrol against neonatal hypoxic‑ischemic brain injuries, and suggest that DNA repair enzymes, including APE1, may be a unique strategy for neuroprotection against this disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jiao-Ying Jia
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Zhi-Gang Tan
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Min Liu
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
| | - Yu-Gang Jiang
- Department of Neurosurgery, The Second Xiangya Hospital of Central South University, Changsha, Hunan 410011, P.R. China
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26
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Azevedo AP, Silva SN, De Lima JP, Reichert A, Lima F, Júnior E, Rueff J. DNA repair genes polymorphisms and genetic susceptibility to Philadelphia-negative myeloproliferative neoplasms in a Portuguese population: The role of base excision repair genes polymorphisms. Oncol Lett 2017; 13:4641-4650. [PMID: 28599464 PMCID: PMC5452988 DOI: 10.3892/ol.2017.6065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2016] [Accepted: 01/26/2017] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
The role of base excision repair (BER) genes in Philadelphia-negative (PN)-myeloproliferative neoplasms (MPNs) susceptibility was evaluated by genotyping eight polymorphisms [apurinic/apyrimidinic endodeoxyribonuclease 1, mutY DNA glycosylase, earlier mutY homolog (E. coli) (MUTYH), 8-oxoguanine DNA glycosylase 1, poly (ADP-ribose) polymerase (PARP) 1, PARP4 and X-ray repair cross-complementing 1 (XRCC1)] in a case-control study involving 133 Caucasian Portuguese patients. The results did not reveal a correlation between individual BER polymorphisms and PN-MPNs when considered as a whole. However, stratification for essential thrombocythaemia revealed i) borderline effect/tendency to increased risk when carrying at least one variant allele for XRCC1_399 single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP); ii) decreased risk for Janus kinase 2-positive patients carrying at least one variant allele for XRCC1_399 SNP; and iii) decreased risk in females carrying at least one variant allele for MUTYH SNP. Combination of alleles demonstrated an increased risk to PN-MPNs for one specific haplogroup. These findings may provide evidence for gene variants in susceptibility to MPNs. Indeed, common variants in DNA repair genes may hamper the capacity to repair DNA, thus increasing cancer susceptibility.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ana P Azevedo
- Centre for Toxicogenomics and Human Health (ToxOmics), Genetics, Oncology and Human Toxicology, NOVA Medical School, Faculty of Medical Sciences, NOVA University of Lisbon, 1169-056 Lisbon, Portugal.,Department of Clinical Pathology, Hospital of São Francisco Xavier, West Lisbon Hospital Centre, 1449-005 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Susana N Silva
- Centre for Toxicogenomics and Human Health (ToxOmics), Genetics, Oncology and Human Toxicology, NOVA Medical School, Faculty of Medical Sciences, NOVA University of Lisbon, 1169-056 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - João P De Lima
- Centre for Toxicogenomics and Human Health (ToxOmics), Genetics, Oncology and Human Toxicology, NOVA Medical School, Faculty of Medical Sciences, NOVA University of Lisbon, 1169-056 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Alice Reichert
- Department of Clinical Haematology, Hospital of São Francisco Xavier, West Lisbon Hospital Centre, 1449-005 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Fernando Lima
- Department of Clinical Haematology, Hospital of São Francisco Xavier, West Lisbon Hospital Centre, 1449-005 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - Esmeraldina Júnior
- Department of Clinical Pathology, Hospital of São Francisco Xavier, West Lisbon Hospital Centre, 1449-005 Lisbon, Portugal
| | - José Rueff
- Centre for Toxicogenomics and Human Health (ToxOmics), Genetics, Oncology and Human Toxicology, NOVA Medical School, Faculty of Medical Sciences, NOVA University of Lisbon, 1169-056 Lisbon, Portugal
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27
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Inactivation of genes involved in base excision repair of Corynebacterium glutamicum and survival of the mutants in presence of various mutagens. Arch Microbiol 2017; 199:1043-1054. [PMID: 28391506 DOI: 10.1007/s00203-017-1377-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/16/2017] [Revised: 03/27/2017] [Accepted: 04/01/2017] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
Base Excision Repair (BER) is considered as the most active DNA repair pathway in vivo, which is initiated by recognition of the nucleotide lesions and excision of the damaged DNA base. The genome of Corynebacterium glutamicum ATCC 13032 contains various DNA glycosylases encoding genes (ung, fpg/mutM, tagI, alkA, mutY), two AP-endonuclease encoding genes (nei and nth) and an exonuclease encoding gene xth. To investigate the role of these genes during DNA repair in C. glutamicum, mutants with deletions of one or more genes in BER pathway were created. After treatment with N-methyl-N'-nitro-N-nitrosoguanidine (MNNG), mitomycin C (MMC), zeocin and UV-light, we characterised the function of the different BER genes by determination of the survival capability. DNA lesions caused by MNNG strongly reduced survival of the tagI, mutY and alkA mutants but had a negligible effect on the ung and mutM mutants. The endonucleases Nth and Nei turned out to be essential for the repair of base modifications caused by MMC while UV-light and zeocin did not seem to address the BER. So far, BER in C. glutamicum appears to be very similar to that in E. coli.
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