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Shan L, Wang W, Qian L, Tang J, Liu J. A Uni-Micelle Approach for the Controlled Synthesis of Monodisperse Gold Nanocrystals. NANOMATERIALS (BASEL, SWITZERLAND) 2024; 14:900. [PMID: 38869525 PMCID: PMC11173505 DOI: 10.3390/nano14110900] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/29/2024] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 05/18/2024] [Indexed: 06/14/2024]
Abstract
Small-size gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) are showing large potential in various fields, such as photothermal conversion, sensing, and medicine. However, current synthesis methods generally yield lower, resulting in a high cost. Here, we report a novel uni-micelle method for the controlled synthesis of monodisperse gold nanocrystals, in which there is only one kind micelle containing aqueous solution of reductant while the dual soluble Au (III) precursor is dissolved in oil phase. Our synthesis includes the reversible phase transfer of Au (III) and "uni-micelle" synthesis, employing a Au (III)-OA complex as an oil-soluble precursor. Size-controlled monodisperse AuNPs with a size of 4-11 nm are synthesized by tuning the size of the micelles, in which oleylamine (OA) is adsorbed on the shell of micelles and enhances the rigidity of the micelles, depressing micellar coalescence. Monodisperse AuNPs can be obtained through a one-time separation process with a higher yield of 61%. This method also offers a promising way for the controlled synthesis of small-size alloy nanoparticles and semiconductor heterojunction quantum dots.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Jianguo Tang
- Institute of Hybrid Materials, National Center of International Research for Hybrid Materials Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; (L.S.); (W.W.); (L.Q.)
| | - Jixian Liu
- Institute of Hybrid Materials, National Center of International Research for Hybrid Materials Technology, College of Materials Science and Engineering, Qingdao University, Qingdao 266071, China; (L.S.); (W.W.); (L.Q.)
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Ramamoorthy RK, Yildirim E, Barba E, Roblin P, Vargas JA, Lacroix LM, Rodriguez-Ruiz I, Decorse P, Petkov V, Teychené S, Viau G. The role of pre-nucleation clusters in the crystallization of gold nanoparticles. NANOSCALE 2020; 12:16173-16188. [PMID: 32701100 DOI: 10.1039/d0nr03486j] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
The syntheses of metal nanoparticles by reduction in apolar solvents in the presence of long chain surfactants have proven to be extremely effective in the control of the particle size and shape. Nevertheless, the elucidation of the nucleation/growth mechanism is not straightforward because of the multiple roles played by surfactants. The nucleation stage, in particular, is very difficult to describe precisely and requires in situ and time-resolved techniques. Here, relying on in situ small angle X-ray scattering (SAXS), X-ray absorption spectroscopy (XAS) and high-energy X-ray diffraction (HE-XRD), we propose that ultra-small gold particles prepared by reduction of gold chloride in a solution of oleylamine (OY) in hexane with triisopropylsilane do not follow a classical nucleation process but result from pre-nucleation clusters (PNCs). These PNCs contain Au(iii) and Au(i) precursors; they are almost stable in size during the induction stage, as shown by SAXS, prior to undergoing a very fast shrinkage during the nucleation stage. The gold speciation as a function of time deduced from the XAS spectra has been analyzed through multi-step reaction pathways comprising both highly reactive species, involved in the nucleation and growth stages, and poorly reactive species acting as a reservoir for the reactive species. The duration of the induction period is related to the reactivity of the gold precursors, which is tuned by the coordination of OY to the gold complexes, while the nucleation stage was found to depend on the size and reactivity of the PNCs. The role of the PNCs in determining the final particle size and structure is also discussed in relation to previous studies. The multiple roles of OY, as the solubilizing agent of the gold salt, the ligand of the gold complexes determining both the size of the PNCs and the reactivity of the gold precursors, and finally the capping agent of the final gold particles as oleylammonium chloride, have been clearly established. This work opens new perspectives to synthesize metal NPs via metal-organic PNCs and to define new synthesis routes for nanoparticles that may present structure and morphologies different from those obtained by the classical nucleation routes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Raj Kumar Ramamoorthy
- Université de Toulouse, Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie des Nano-Objets UMR 5215 INSA, CNRS, UPS, 135 avenue de Rangueil, F-31077 Toulouse cedex 4, France. and Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INP, UPS Toulouse, France. and Fédération de Recherche FERMaT, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INP, INSA, UPS, Toulouse, France
| | - Ezgi Yildirim
- Université de Toulouse, Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie des Nano-Objets UMR 5215 INSA, CNRS, UPS, 135 avenue de Rangueil, F-31077 Toulouse cedex 4, France.
| | - Enguerrand Barba
- Université de Toulouse, Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie des Nano-Objets UMR 5215 INSA, CNRS, UPS, 135 avenue de Rangueil, F-31077 Toulouse cedex 4, France.
| | - Pierre Roblin
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INP, UPS Toulouse, France.
| | - Jorge A Vargas
- Department of Physics, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI-48858, USA and Unidad Académica de Física, Universidad Autónoma de Zacatecas, Calz. Solidaridad esq. Paseo de la Bufa s/n, Zacatecas, Mexico
| | - Lise-Marie Lacroix
- Université de Toulouse, Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie des Nano-Objets UMR 5215 INSA, CNRS, UPS, 135 avenue de Rangueil, F-31077 Toulouse cedex 4, France.
| | - Isaac Rodriguez-Ruiz
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INP, UPS Toulouse, France.
| | - Philippe Decorse
- Université de Paris, ITODYS UMR 7086, 15 rue Jean-Antoine de Baïf, 75013 Paris, France
| | - Valeri Petkov
- Department of Physics, Central Michigan University, Mt. Pleasant, MI-48858, USA
| | - Sébastien Teychené
- Laboratoire de Génie Chimique, Université de Toulouse, CNRS, INP, UPS Toulouse, France.
| | - Guillaume Viau
- Université de Toulouse, Laboratoire de Physique et Chimie des Nano-Objets UMR 5215 INSA, CNRS, UPS, 135 avenue de Rangueil, F-31077 Toulouse cedex 4, France.
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