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Moradi M, Rohani M, Fani SR, Mosavian MTH, Probst C, Khodaygan P. Biocontrol potential of native yeast strains against Aspergillus flavus and aflatoxin production in pistachio. Food Addit Contam Part A Chem Anal Control Expo Risk Assess 2020; 37:1963-1973. [PMID: 32897822 DOI: 10.1080/19440049.2020.1811901] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
ASPERGILLUS FLAVUS is the main aflatoxin producer in food and feed and has wide ecological niches. Contamination of food products such as pistachio nuts and aflatoxin secretion directly affects food safety and international food product trades. Abilities of 13 yeast strains isolated from 200 soil and pistachio nut samples collected in Iranian orchards to reduce the growth of A. flavus as well as aflatoxin production were assessed in dual culture, volatile and non-volatile compounds tests. The growth of A. flavus was reduced by 32-60%, 13-31% and 40-61% in dual culture, volatile and non-volatile compounds, respectively, while aflatoxin B1 production was diminished by 90.6-98.3%. Based on these assays, five yeast strains were selected for co-inoculation experiments using soil, pistachio hulls and leaf. A significant reduction in colony-forming units (CFU) ranging from 23% to 110% (p < .05) was observed. Molecular, physiological and morphological identification revealed these were strains of Pichia kudriavzevii and Lachansea thermotolerans. Aflatoxin biocontrol with yeast strains possesses many advantages including the ease of commercial production and organic application which is an environmental approach. More investigation is required to understand the efficiency of selective strains to inhibit A. flavus and aflatoxin production as well as withstand predominant abiotic stress in pistachio orchards and mass production in field application.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Moradi
- Department of Production Technology and Management, Pistachio Research Center, Horticultural Science Research Institute, Agricultural Research, Education and Extension Organization (AREEO) , Rafsanjan, Iran
| | - Maryam Rohani
- Department of Chemical Engineering, Faculty of Engineering, Ferdowsi University of Mashhad , Mashhad, Iran
| | - Seyed Reza Fani
- Plant Protection Research Department, Yazd Agricultural and Natural Resources Research and Education Center, AREEO , Yazd, Iran
| | | | - Claudia Probst
- Department of Agricultural Technology and Management, University of Applied Sciences, School of Engineering , Wels, Austria
| | - Pejman Khodaygan
- Department of Plant Protection, Faculty of Agriculture, Vali-E-Asr University of Rafsanjan , Iran
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Bilska K, Kulik T, Ostrowska-Kołodziejczak A, Buśko M, Pasquali M, Beyer M, Baturo-Cieśniewska A, Juda M, Załuski D, Treder K, Denekas J, Perkowski J. Development of a Highly Sensitive FcMito qPCR Assay for the Quantification of the Toxigenic Fungal Plant Pathogen Fusarium culmorum. Toxins (Basel) 2018; 10:E211. [PMID: 29883395 PMCID: PMC5983267 DOI: 10.3390/toxins10050211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2018] [Revised: 05/15/2018] [Accepted: 05/18/2018] [Indexed: 01/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Fusarium culmorum is a ubiquitous, soil-borne fungus (ascomycete) causing foot and root rot and Fusarium head blight on cereals. It is responsible for yield and quality losses as well as grain contamination with mycotoxins, which are a potential health hazard. An extremely sensitive mitochondrial-based qPCR assay (FcMito qPCR) for quantification of F. culmorum was developed in this study. To provide specificity, the FcMito assay was successfully validated against 85 F. culmorum strains and 53 isolates of 30 other fungal species. The assay efficiency and sensitivity were evaluated against different F. culmorum strains with various amounts of pure fungal DNA and in the presence of background wheat DNA. The results demonstrated the high efficiency of the assay (97.2⁻106.0%, R²-values > 0.99). It was also shown that, in the presence of background DNA, 0.01 pg of fungal template could be reliably quantified. The FcMito assay was used to quantify F. culmorum DNA using 108 grain samples with different trichothecene levels. A significant positive correlation was found between fungal DNA quantity and the total trichothecene content. The obtained results showed that the sensitivity of the FcMito assay was much higher than the nuclear-based qPCR assay for F. culmorum.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Bilska
- Department of Microbiology and Mycology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1A, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Tomasz Kulik
- Department of Microbiology and Mycology, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Oczapowskiego 1A, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland.
| | | | - Maciej Buśko
- Department of Chemistry, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 75, 60-625 Poznań, Poland.
| | - Matias Pasquali
- Department of Food, Environmental and Nutritional Sciences (DEFENS), University of Milan, via Celoria 2, 20133 Milano, Italy.
| | - Marco Beyer
- Department Environmental Research and Innovation, Luxembourg Institute of Science and Technology, 41, rue du Brill, L-4422 Belvaux, Luxembourg.
| | - Anna Baturo-Cieśniewska
- Faculty of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Department of Phytopathology and Molecular Mycology, University of Technology and Life Sciences, Kordeckiego St. 20, 85-225 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
| | - Marcin Juda
- Faculty of Agriculture and Biotechnology, Department of Phytopathology and Molecular Mycology, University of Technology and Life Sciences, Kordeckiego St. 20, 85-225 Bydgoszcz, Poland.
| | - Dariusz Załuski
- Department of Plant Breeding and Seed Production, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Plac Łódzki 3, 10-727 Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Kinga Treder
- Department of Agroecosystems, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Plac Łódzki 3, 10-727 Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Joerg Denekas
- Agravis Technik Heide-Altmark GmbH, Hansestrasse 30, 29525 Uelzen, Germany.
| | - Juliusz Perkowski
- Department of Chemistry, Poznań University of Life Sciences, Wojska Polskiego 75, 60-625 Poznań, Poland.
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Advance Detection Techniques of Phytopathogenic Fungi: Current Trends and Future Perspectives. Fungal Biol 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-27312-9_12] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Biotechnology in the Diagnosis and Management of Infectious Diseases. Fungal Biol 2016. [DOI: 10.1007/978-3-319-27312-9_15] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
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Kumar A, Karre S, Dhokane D, Kage U, Hukkeri S, Kushalappa AC. Real-time quantitative PCR based method for the quantification of fungal biomass to discriminate quantitative resistance in barley and wheat genotypes to fusarium head blight. J Cereal Sci 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcs.2015.04.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
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Development and validation of a multiplex reverse transcription quantitative PCR (RT-qPCR) assay for the rapid detection of Citrus tristeza virus, Citrus psorosis virus, and Citrus leaf blotch virus. J Virol Methods 2015; 220:64-75. [PMID: 25907469 DOI: 10.1016/j.jviromet.2015.04.013] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/16/2013] [Revised: 04/07/2015] [Accepted: 04/09/2015] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
A single real-time multiplex reverse transcription quantitative polymerase chain reaction (RT-qPCR) assay for the simultaneous detection of Citrus tristeza virus (CTV), Citrus psorosis virus (CPsV), and Citrus leaf blotch virus (CLBV) was developed and validated using three different fluorescently labeled minor groove binding qPCR probes. To increase the detection reliability, coat protein (CP) genes from large number of different isolates of CTV, CPsV and CLBV were sequenced and a multiple sequence alignment was generated with corresponding CP sequences from the GenBank and a robust multiplex RT-qPCR assay was designed. The capacity of the multiplex RT-qPCR assay in detecting the viruses was compared to singleplex RT-qPCR designed specifically for each virus and was assessed using multiple virus isolates from diverse geographical regions and citrus species as well as graft-inoculated citrus plants infected with various combination of the three viruses. No significant difference in detection limits was found and specificity was not affected by the inclusion of the three assays in a multiplex RT-qPCR reaction. Comparison of the viral load for each virus using singleplex and multiplex RT-qPCR assays, revealed no significant differences between the two assays in virus detection. No significant difference in Cq values was detected when using one-step and two-step multiplex RT-qPCR detection formats. Optimizing the RNA extraction technique for citrus tissues and testing the quality of the extracted RNA using RT-qPCR targeting the cytochrome oxidase citrus gene as an RNA specific internal control proved to generate better diagnostic assays. Results showed that the developed multiplex RT-qPCR can streamline viruses testing of citrus nursery stock by replacing three separate singleplex assays, thus reducing time and labor while retaining the same sensitivity and specificity. The three targeted RNA viruses are regulated pathogens for California's mandatory "Section 3701: Citrus Nursery Stock Pest Cleanliness Program". Adopting a compatible multiplex RT-qPCR testing protocol for these viruses as well as other RNA and DNA regulated pathogens will provide a valuable alternative tool for virus detection and efficient program implementation.
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Morcia C, Rattotti E, Stanca AM, Tumino G, Rossi V, Ravaglia S, Germeier CU, Herrmann M, Polisenska I, Terzi V. Fusarium genetic traceability: Role for mycotoxin control in small grain cereals agro-food chains. J Cereal Sci 2013. [DOI: 10.1016/j.jcs.2012.09.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
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