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Pyatibratov MG, Syutkin AS, Quax TEF, Melnik TN, Papke RT, Gogarten JP, Kireev II, Surin AK, Beznosov SN, Galeva AV, Fedorov OV. Interaction of two strongly divergent archaellins stabilizes the structure of the Halorubrum archaellum. Microbiologyopen 2020; 9:e1047. [PMID: 32352651 PMCID: PMC7349177 DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.1047] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2020] [Revised: 03/23/2020] [Accepted: 03/28/2020] [Indexed: 12/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Halophilic archaea from the genus Halorubrum possess two extraordinarily diverged archaellin genes, flaB1 and flaB2. To clarify roles for each archaellin, we compared two natural Halorubrum lacusprofundi strains: One of them contains both archaellin genes, and the other has the flaB2 gene only. Both strains synthesize functional archaella; however, the strain, where both archaellins are present, is more motile. In addition, we expressed these archaellins in a Haloferax volcanii strain from which the endogenous archaellin genes were deleted. Three Hfx. volcanii strains expressing Hrr. lacusprofundi archaellins produced functional filaments consisting of only one (FlaB1 or FlaB2) or both (FlaB1/FlaB2) archaellins. All three strains were motile, although there were profound differences in the efficiency of motility. Both native and recombinant FlaB1/FlaB2 filaments have greater thermal stability and resistance to low salinity stress than single‐component filaments. Functional supercoiled Hrr. lacusprofundi archaella can be composed of either single archaellin: FlaB2 or FlaB1; however, the two divergent archaellin subunits provide additional stabilization to the archaellum structure and thus adaptation to a wider range of external conditions. Comparative genomic analysis suggests that the described combination of divergent archaellins is not restricted to Hrr. lacusprofundi, but is occurring also in organisms from other haloarchaeal genera.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mikhail G Pyatibratov
- Institute of Protein Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Alexey S Syutkin
- Institute of Protein Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Tessa E F Quax
- Archaeal Virus-Host Interactions, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Tatjana N Melnik
- Institute of Protein Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - R Thane Papke
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Johann Peter Gogarten
- Department of Molecular and Cell Biology, University of Connecticut, Storrs, CT, USA
| | - Igor I Kireev
- A.N. Belozersky Institute of Physico-chemical Biology, M.V. Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alexey K Surin
- Institute of Protein Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia.,Pushchino Branch, Shemyakin-Ovchinnikov Institute of Bioorganic Chemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia.,State Research Center for Applied Microbiology & Biotechnology, Obolensk, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Sergei N Beznosov
- Institute of Protein Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Anna V Galeva
- Institute of Protein Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia
| | - Oleg V Fedorov
- Institute of Protein Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, Russia
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Syutkin AS, van Wolferen M, Surin AK, Albers SV, Pyatibratov MG, Fedorov OV, Quax TEF. Salt-dependent regulation of archaellins in Haloarcula marismortui. Microbiologyopen 2018; 8:e00718. [PMID: 30270530 PMCID: PMC6528647 DOI: 10.1002/mbo3.718] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/24/2018] [Revised: 07/31/2018] [Accepted: 08/01/2018] [Indexed: 12/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Microorganisms require a motility structure to move towards optimal growth conditions. The motility structure from archaea, the archaellum, is fundamentally different from its bacterial counterpart, the flagellum, and is assembled in a similar fashion as type IV pili. The archaellum filament consists of thousands of copies of N‐terminally processed archaellin proteins. Several archaea, such as the euryarchaeon Haloarcula marismortui, encode multiple archaellins. Two archaellins of H. marismortui display differential stability under various ionic strengths. This suggests that these proteins behave as ecoparalogs and perform the same function under different environmental conditions. Here, we explored this intriguing system to study the differential regulation of these ecoparalogous archaellins by monitoring their transcription, translation, and assembly into filaments. The salt concentration of the growth medium induced differential expression of the two archaellins. In addition, this analysis indicated that archaellation in H. marismortui is majorly regulated on the level of secretion, by a still unknown mechanism. These findings indicate that in archaea, multiple encoded archaellins are not completely redundant, but in fact can display subtle functional differences, which enable cells to cope with varying environmental conditions.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexey S Syutkin
- Institute of Protein Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Russia
| | - Marleen van Wolferen
- Molecular Biology of Archaea, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | - Alexey K Surin
- Institute of Protein Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Russia
| | - Sonja-Verena Albers
- Molecular Biology of Archaea, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
| | | | - Oleg V Fedorov
- Institute of Protein Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Russia
| | - Tessa E F Quax
- Molecular Biology of Archaea, Faculty of Biology, University of Freiburg, Freiburg, Germany
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Syutkin AS, Pyatibratov MG, Fedorov OV. Flagella of halophilic archaea: differences in supramolecular organization. BIOCHEMISTRY (MOSCOW) 2015; 79:1470-82. [PMID: 25749160 DOI: 10.1134/s0006297914130033] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/15/2023]
Abstract
Archaeal flagella are similar functionally to bacterial flagella, but structurally they are completely different. Helical archaeal flagellar filaments are formed of protein subunits called flagellins (archaellins). Notwithstanding progress in studies of archaeal flagella achieved in recent years, many problems in this area are still unsolved. In this review, we analyze the formation of these supramolecular structures by the example of flagellar filaments of halophilic archaea. Recent data on the structure of the flagellar filaments demonstrate that their supramolecular organization differs considerably in different haloarchaeal species.
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Affiliation(s)
- A S Syutkin
- Institute of Protein Research, Russian Academy of Sciences, Pushchino, Moscow Region, 142290, Russia.
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Abstract
AbstractIn the current study, haloarchaea Halobacterium salinarum cells were transformed individually with each of the modified archaellin genes (flaA1, flaA2 and flaB2) containing an oligonucleotide insert encoding the FLAG peptide (DYKDDDDK). The insertion site was selected to expose the FLAG peptide on the archaella filament surface. Three types of transformed cells synthesizing archaella, containing A1, A2, or B2 archaellin modified with FLAG peptide were obtained. Electron microscopy of archaella has demonstrated that in each case the FLAG peptide is available for the specific antibody binding. It was shown for the first time that the B2 archaellin, like archaellins A1 and A2, is found along the whole filament length.
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