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Kalebina TS, Rekstina VV, Pogarskaia EE, Kulakovskaya T. Importance of Non-Covalent Interactions in Yeast Cell Wall Molecular Organization. Int J Mol Sci 2024; 25:2496. [PMID: 38473742 DOI: 10.3390/ijms25052496] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/22/2023] [Revised: 02/07/2024] [Accepted: 02/16/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024] Open
Abstract
This review covers a group of non-covalently associated molecules, particularly proteins (NCAp), incorporated in the yeast cell wall (CW) with neither disulfide bridges with proteins covalently attached to polysaccharides nor other covalent bonds. Most NCAp, particularly Bgl2, are polysaccharide-remodeling enzymes. Either directly contacting their substrate or appearing as CW lipid-associated molecules, such as in vesicles, they represent the most movable enzymes and may play a central role in CW biogenesis. The absence of the covalent anchoring of NCAp allows them to be there where and when it is necessary. Another group of non-covalently attached to CW molecules are polyphosphates (polyP), the universal regulators of the activity of many enzymes. These anionic polymers are able to form complexes with metal ions and increase the diversity of non-covalent interactions through charged functional groups with both proteins and polysaccharides. The mechanism of regulation of polysaccharide-remodeling enzyme activity in the CW is unknown. We hypothesize that polyP content in the CW is regulated by another NCAp of the CW-acid phosphatase-which, along with post-translational modifications, may thus affect the activity, conformation and compartmentalization of Bgl2 and, possibly, some other polysaccharide-remodeling enzymes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatyana S Kalebina
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Valentina V Rekstina
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Elizaveta E Pogarskaia
- Department of Molecular Biology, Faculty of Biology, Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow 119991, Russia
| | - Tatiana Kulakovskaya
- Federal Research Center "Pushchino Scientific Center for Biological Research of the Russian Academy of Sciences", Skryabin Institute of Biochemistry and Physiology of Microorganisms, Pushchino 142290, Russia
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Yang F, Shang S, Qi M, Xiang Y, Wang L, Wang X, Lin T, Hao D, Chen J, Liu J, Wu Q. Yeast glucan particles: An express train for oral targeted drug delivery systems. Int J Biol Macromol 2023; 253:127131. [PMID: 37776921 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijbiomac.2023.127131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2023] [Revised: 09/17/2023] [Accepted: 09/27/2023] [Indexed: 10/02/2023]
Abstract
As an emerging drug delivery vehicle, yeast glucan particles (YGPs) derived from yeast cells could be specifically taken up by macrophages. Therefore, these vehicles could rely on the recruitment of macrophages at the site of inflammation and tumors to enable targeted imaging and drug delivery. This review summarizes recent advances in the application of YGPs in oral targeted delivery systems, covering the basic structure of yeast cells, methods for pre-preparation, drug encapsulation and characterization. The mechanism and validation of the target recognition interaction of YGPs with macrophages are highlighted, and some inspiring cases are presented to show that yeast cells have promising applications. The future chances and difficulties that YGPs will confront are also emphasized throughout this essay. YGPs are not only the "armor" but also the "compass" of drugs in the process of targeted drug transport. This system is expected to provide a new idea about the oral targeted delivery of anti-inflammatory and anti-tumor drugs, and furthermore offer an effective delivery strategy for targeted therapy of other macrophage-related diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Fan Yang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Shang Shang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Mengfei Qi
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Yajinjing Xiang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Lingmin Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Xinyi Wang
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Tao Lin
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Doudou Hao
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Jiajia Chen
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China
| | - Jia Liu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China.
| | - Qing Wu
- School of Chinese Materia Medica, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 102488, China.
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Schalck T, den Bergh BV, Michiels J. Increasing Solvent Tolerance to Improve Microbial Production of Alcohols, Terpenoids and Aromatics. Microorganisms 2021; 9:249. [PMID: 33530454 PMCID: PMC7912173 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms9020249] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/24/2020] [Revised: 01/14/2021] [Accepted: 01/20/2021] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Fuels and polymer precursors are widely used in daily life and in many industrial processes. Although these compounds are mainly derived from petrol, bacteria and yeast can produce them in an environment-friendly way. However, these molecules exhibit toxic solvent properties and reduce cell viability of the microbial producer which inevitably impedes high product titers. Hence, studying how product accumulation affects microbes and understanding how microbial adaptive responses counteract these harmful defects helps to maximize yields. Here, we specifically focus on the mode of toxicity of industry-relevant alcohols, terpenoids and aromatics and the associated stress-response mechanisms, encountered in several relevant bacterial and yeast producers. In practice, integrating heterologous defense mechanisms, overexpressing native stress responses or triggering multiple protection pathways by modifying the transcription machinery or small RNAs (sRNAs) are suitable strategies to improve solvent tolerance. Therefore, tolerance engineering, in combination with metabolic pathway optimization, shows high potential in developing superior microbial producers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Schalck
- VIB Center for Microbiology, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium; (T.S.); (B.V.d.B.)
- Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 20, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Bram Van den Bergh
- VIB Center for Microbiology, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium; (T.S.); (B.V.d.B.)
- Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 20, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
| | - Jan Michiels
- VIB Center for Microbiology, Flanders Institute for Biotechnology, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium; (T.S.); (B.V.d.B.)
- Centre of Microbial and Plant Genetics, KU Leuven, Kasteelpark Arenberg 20, B-3001 Leuven, Belgium
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Andreychuk YV, Zadorsky SP, Zhuk AS, Stepchenkova EI, Inge-Vechtomov SG. Relationship between Type I and Type II Template Processes: Amyloids and Genome Stability. Mol Biol 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s0026893320050027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Porras-Agüera JA, Mauricio JC, Moreno-García J, Moreno J, García-Martínez T. A Differential Proteomic Approach to Characterize the Cell Wall Adaptive Response to CO 2 Overpressure during Sparkling Wine-Making Process. Microorganisms 2020; 8:E1188. [PMID: 32759881 PMCID: PMC7465653 DOI: 10.3390/microorganisms8081188] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/27/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 08/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
In this study, a first proteomic approach was carried out to characterize the adaptive response of cell wall-related proteins to endogenous CO2 overpressure, which is typical of second fermentation conditions, in two wine Saccharomyces cerevisiae strains (P29, a conventional second fermentation strain, and G1, a flor yeast strain implicated in sherry wine making). The results showed a high number of cell wall proteins in flor yeast G1 under pressure, highlighting content at the first month of aging. The cell wall proteomic response to pressure in flor yeast G1 was characterized by an increase in both the number and content of cell wall proteins involved in glucan remodeling and mannoproteins. On the other hand, cell wall proteins responsible for glucan assembly, cell adhesion, and lipid metabolism stood out in P29. Over-represented proteins under pressure were involved in cell wall integrity (Ecm33p and Pst1p), protein folding (Ssa1p and Ssa2p), and glucan remodeling (Exg2p and Scw4p). Flocculation-related proteins were not identified under pressure conditions. The use of flor yeasts for sparkling wine elaboration and improvement is proposed. Further research based on the genetic engineering of wine yeast using those genes from protein biomarkers under pressure alongside the second fermentation in bottle is required to achieve improvements.
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Affiliation(s)
- Juan Antonio Porras-Agüera
- Department of Microbiology, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence ceiA3, C6 building, Campus de Rabanales, University of Córdoba, E-14014 Córdoba, Spain; (J.A.P.-A.); (J.M.-G.); (T.G.-M.)
| | - Juan Carlos Mauricio
- Department of Microbiology, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence ceiA3, C6 building, Campus de Rabanales, University of Córdoba, E-14014 Córdoba, Spain; (J.A.P.-A.); (J.M.-G.); (T.G.-M.)
| | - Jaime Moreno-García
- Department of Microbiology, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence ceiA3, C6 building, Campus de Rabanales, University of Córdoba, E-14014 Córdoba, Spain; (J.A.P.-A.); (J.M.-G.); (T.G.-M.)
| | - Juan Moreno
- Department of Agricultural Chemistry, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence ceiA3, C3 building, Campus de Rabanales, University of Córdoba, E-14014 Córdoba, Spain;
| | - Teresa García-Martínez
- Department of Microbiology, Agrifood Campus of International Excellence ceiA3, C6 building, Campus de Rabanales, University of Córdoba, E-14014 Córdoba, Spain; (J.A.P.-A.); (J.M.-G.); (T.G.-M.)
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