1
|
Volkov VI, Chernyak AV, Avilova IA, Slesarenko NA, Melnikova DL, Skirda VD. Molecular and Ionic Diffusion in Ion Exchange Membranes and Biological Systems (Cells and Proteins) Studied by NMR. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:385. [PMID: 34074055 PMCID: PMC8225114 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11060385] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 04/30/2021] [Accepted: 05/12/2021] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The results of NMR, and especially pulsed field gradient NMR (PFG NMR) investigations, are summarized. Pulsed field gradient NMR technique makes it possible to investigate directly the partial self-diffusion processes in spatial scales from tenth micron to millimeters. Modern NMR spectrometer diffusive units enable to measure self-diffusion coefficients from 10-13 m2/s to 10-8 m2/s in different materials on 1 H, 2 H, 7 Li, 13 C, 19 F, 23 Na, 31 P, 133 Cs nuclei. PFG NMR became the method of choice for reveals of transport mechanism in polymeric electrolytes for lithium batteries and fuel cells. Second wide field of application this technique is the exchange processes and lateral diffusion in biological cells as well as molecular association of proteins. In this case a permeability, cell size, and associate lifetime could be estimated. The authors have presented the review of their research carried out in Karpov Institute of Physical Chemistry, Moscow, Russia; Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics RAS, Chernogolovka, Russia; Kazan Federal University, Kazan, Russia; Korea University, Seoul, South Korea; Yokohama National University, Yokohama, Japan. The results of water molecule and Li+, Na+, Cs+ cation self-diffusion in Nafion membranes and membranes based on sulfonated polystyrene, water (and water soluble) fullerene derivative permeability in RBC, casein molecule association have being discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vitaliy I. Volkov
- Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics RAS, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia; (A.V.C.); (I.A.A.); (N.A.S.)
- Scientific Center in Chernogolovka RAS, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia
| | - Alexander V. Chernyak
- Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics RAS, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia; (A.V.C.); (I.A.A.); (N.A.S.)
- Scientific Center in Chernogolovka RAS, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia
| | - Irina A. Avilova
- Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics RAS, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia; (A.V.C.); (I.A.A.); (N.A.S.)
| | - Nikita A. Slesarenko
- Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics RAS, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia; (A.V.C.); (I.A.A.); (N.A.S.)
| | - Daria L. Melnikova
- Institute of Physics, KazanFederal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia; (D.L.M.); (V.D.S.)
| | - Vladimir D. Skirda
- Institute of Physics, KazanFederal University, 420008 Kazan, Russia; (D.L.M.); (V.D.S.)
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Stenina IA, Yaroslavtsev AB. Ionic Mobility in Ion-Exchange Membranes. MEMBRANES 2021; 11:198. [PMID: 33799886 PMCID: PMC7998860 DOI: 10.3390/membranes11030198] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/18/2021] [Revised: 03/05/2021] [Accepted: 03/06/2021] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
Membrane technologies are widely demanded in a number of modern industries. Ion-exchange membranes are one of the most widespread and demanded types of membranes. Their main task is the selective transfer of certain ions and prevention of transfer of other ions or molecules, and the most important characteristics are ionic conductivity and selectivity of transfer processes. Both parameters are determined by ionic and molecular mobility in membranes. To study this mobility, the main techniques used are nuclear magnetic resonance and impedance spectroscopy. In this comprehensive review, mechanisms of transfer processes in various ion-exchange membranes, including homogeneous, heterogeneous, and hybrid ones, are discussed. Correlations of structures of ion-exchange membranes and their hydration with ion transport mechanisms are also reviewed. The features of proton transfer, which plays a decisive role in the membrane used in fuel cells and electrolyzers, are highlighted. These devices largely determine development of hydrogen energy in the modern world. The features of ion transfer in heterogeneous and hybrid membranes with inorganic nanoparticles are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Andrey B. Yaroslavtsev
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the Russian Academy of Sciences, Leninsky pr. 31, 119991 Moscow, Russia;
| |
Collapse
|
3
|
Volkov VI, Chernyak AV, Golubenko DV, Tverskoy VA, Lochin GA, Odjigaeva ES, Yaroslavtsev AB. Hydration and Diffusion of H +, Li +, Na +, Cs + Ions in Cation-Exchange Membranes Based on Polyethylene- and Sulfonated-Grafted Polystyrene Studied by NMR Technique and Ionic Conductivity Measurements. MEMBRANES 2020; 10:membranes10100272. [PMID: 33019771 PMCID: PMC7601212 DOI: 10.3390/membranes10100272] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/12/2020] [Revised: 09/11/2020] [Accepted: 09/28/2020] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
The main particularities of sulfonate groups hydration, water molecule and alkaline metal cation translation mobility as well as ionic conductivity were revealed by NMR and impedance spectroscopy techniques. Cation-exchange membranes MSC based on cross-linked sulfonated polystyrene (PS) grafted on polyethylene with ion-exchange capacity of 2.5 mg-eq/g were investigated. Alkaline metal cation hydration numbers (h) calculated from temperature dependences of 1H chemical shift of water molecule for membranes equilibrated with water vapor at RH = 95% are 5, 6, and 4 for Li+, Na+, and Cs+ ions, respectively. These values are close to h for equimolar aqueous salt solutions. Water molecules and counter ions Li+, Na+, and Cs+ diffusion coefficients were measured by pulsed field gradient NMR on the 1H, 7Li, 23Na, and 133Cs nuclei. For membranes as well as for aqueous chloride solutions, cation diffusion coefficients increased in the following sequence: Li+ < Na+ < Cs+. Cation and water molecule diffusion activation energies in temperature range from 20 °C to 80 °C were close to each other (about 20 kJ/mol). The cation conductivity of MSC membranes is in the same sequence, Li+ < Na+ < Cs+ << H+. The conductivity values calculated from the NMR diffusion coefficients with the use of the Nernst–Einstein equation are essentially higher than experimentally determined coefficients. The reason for this discrepancy is the heterogeneity of membrane pore and channel system. Ionic conductivity is limited by cation transfer in narrow channels, whereas the diffusion coefficient characterizes ion mobility in wide pores first of all.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Vitaliy I. Volkov
- Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics RAS, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia; (A.V.C.); (G.A.L.); (E.S.O.)
- Scientific Center in Chernogolovka RAS, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia
- Correspondence: or
| | - Alexander V. Chernyak
- Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics RAS, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia; (A.V.C.); (G.A.L.); (E.S.O.)
- Scientific Center in Chernogolovka RAS, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia
| | - Daniil V. Golubenko
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry RAS, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (D.V.G.); (A.B.Y.)
| | - Vladimir A. Tverskoy
- Lomonosov Institute of Fine Chemical Technologies, MIREA–Russian Technological University, 119571 Moscow, Russia;
| | - Georgiy A. Lochin
- Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics RAS, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia; (A.V.C.); (G.A.L.); (E.S.O.)
- Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Ervena S. Odjigaeva
- Institute of Problems of Chemical Physics RAS, 142432 Chernogolovka, Russia; (A.V.C.); (G.A.L.); (E.S.O.)
- Faculty of Chemistry, Lomonosov Moscow State University, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Andrey B. Yaroslavtsev
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry RAS, 119991 Moscow, Russia; (D.V.G.); (A.B.Y.)
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Stenina I, Golubenko D, Nikonenko V, Yaroslavtsev A. Selectivity of Transport Processes in Ion-Exchange Membranes: Relationship with the Structure and Methods for Its Improvement. Int J Mol Sci 2020; 21:E5517. [PMID: 32752236 PMCID: PMC7432390 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21155517] [Citation(s) in RCA: 58] [Impact Index Per Article: 14.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/13/2020] [Revised: 07/28/2020] [Accepted: 07/30/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Nowadays, ion-exchange membranes have numerous applications in water desalination, electrolysis, chemistry, food, health, energy, environment and other fields. All of these applications require high selectivity of ion transfer, i.e., high membrane permselectivity. The transport properties of ion-exchange membranes are determined by their structure, composition and preparation method. For various applications, the selectivity of transfer processes can be characterized by different parameters, for example, by the transport number of counterions (permselectivity in electrodialysis) or by the ratio of ionic conductivity to the permeability of some gases (crossover in fuel cells). However, in most cases there is a correlation: the higher the flux density of the target component through the membrane, the lower the selectivity of the process. This correlation has two aspects: first, it follows from the membrane material properties, often expressed as the trade-off between membrane permeability and permselectivity; and, second, it is due to the concentration polarization phenomenon, which increases with an increase in the applied driving force. In this review, both aspects are considered. Recent research and progress in the membrane selectivity improvement, mainly including a number of approaches as crosslinking, nanoparticle doping, surface modification, and the use of special synthetic methods (e.g., synthesis of grafted membranes or membranes with a fairly rigid three-dimensional matrix) are summarized. These approaches are promising for the ion-exchange membranes synthesis for electrodialysis, alternative energy, and the valuable component extraction from natural or waste-water. Perspectives on future development in this research field are also discussed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Irina Stenina
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the RAS, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Daniel Golubenko
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the RAS, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| | - Victor Nikonenko
- Membrane Institute, Kuban State University, 350040 Krasnodar, Russia
| | - Andrey Yaroslavtsev
- Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry of the RAS, 119991 Moscow, Russia
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Titova TS, Yurova PA, Kolganova TS, Stenina IA, Parshina AV, Bobreshova OV, Yaroslavtsev AB. Potentiometric Sensors Based on Nafion Membranes Modified by PEDOT for Determining Procaine, Lidocaine, and Bupivacaine in Aqueous Solutions and Pharmaceuticals. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s106193482008016x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
|
6
|
Volkov VI, Chernyak AV, Golubenko DV, Shevlyakova NV, Tverskoy VA, Yaroslavtsev AB. Mobility of Cations and Water Molecules in Sulfocation-Exchange Membranes Based on Polyethylene and Sulfonated Grafted Polystyrene. MEMBRANES AND MEMBRANE TECHNOLOGIES 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s2517751620010096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
7
|
Golubenko DV, Van der Bruggen B, Yaroslavtsev AB. Novel anion exchange membrane with low ionic resistance based on chloromethylated/quaternized‐grafted polystyrene for energy efficient electromembrane processes. J Appl Polym Sci 2019. [DOI: 10.1002/app.48656] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel V. Golubenko
- Russian Academy of SciencesN.S. Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry 31 Leninsky prospect, Moscow 119991 Russian Federation
- Russian Academy of SciencesInstitute of Problems of Chemical Physics Academician Semenov Avenue 1, Chernogolovka 142432 Moscow Region Russian Federation
| | - Bart Van der Bruggen
- Department of Chemical EngineeringKU Leuven Celestijnenlaan 200F, B‐3001 Leuven Belgium
- Faculty of Engineering and the Built EnvironmentTshwane University of Technology Private Bag X680 Pretoria 0001 South Africa
| | - Andrey B. Yaroslavtsev
- Russian Academy of SciencesN.S. Kurnakov Institute of General and Inorganic Chemistry 31 Leninsky prospect, Moscow 119991 Russian Federation
- Russian Academy of SciencesInstitute of Problems of Chemical Physics Academician Semenov Avenue 1, Chernogolovka 142432 Moscow Region Russian Federation
| |
Collapse
|
8
|
Prikhno IA, Yaroslavtsev AB, Golubenko DV. Effect of Modification with Cesium Acid Salt of Phosphotungstic Acid on the Properties of Membranes Based on Grafted Sulfonated Polystyrene. MEMBRANES AND MEMBRANE TECHNOLOGIES 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s2517751619060040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|
9
|
Golubenko D, Pourcelly G, Yaroslavtsev A. Permselectivity and ion-conductivity of grafted cation-exchange membranes based on UV-oxidized polymethylpenten and sulfonated polystyrene. Sep Purif Technol 2018. [DOI: 10.1016/j.seppur.2018.06.041] [Citation(s) in RCA: 34] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
|
10
|
Abstract
Abstract
Development of alternative energy sources is one of the main trends of modern energy technology. Lithium-ion batteries and fuel cells are the most important among them. The increase in the energy and power density is the essential aspect which determined their future development. We provide a brief review of the state of developments in the field of nanosize electrode materials and electrolytes for lithium-ion batteries and hydrogen energy. The presence of relatively inexpensive and abundant elements, safety and low volume change during the lithium intercalation/deintercalation processes enables the application of lithium iron phosphate and lithium titanate as electrode materials for lithium-ion batteries. At the same time, they exhibit low ionic and electronic conductivity. To overcome this problem the following main approaches have been applied: use of nanosize materials, including nanocomposites, and heterovalent doping. Their impact in the property change is analyzed and discussed. Hybrid membranes containing inorganic nanoparticles enable a significant progress in the fuel cell development. Different approaches to their preparation, the reasons for ion conductivity and selectivity change, as well as the prospects for their application in low-temperature fuel cells are discussed. This review may provide some useful guidelines for development of advanced materials for lithium ion batteries and fuel cells.
Collapse
|
11
|
|
12
|
Yaroslavtsev AB. Correlation between the properties of hybrid ion-exchange membranes and the nature and dimensions of dopant particles. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2012. [DOI: 10.1134/s1995078012050175] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
|