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Liu P, Bai X, Gao X, Liu K, Li A, Lyu Z, Li Q. Preparation, characterization, and properties of lutein block polyethylene glycol copolymer loading with lutein nanoparticles. Macromol Res 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s13233-023-00138-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/03/2023]
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Udensi J, Loskutova E, Loughman J, Byrne HJ. Quantitative Raman Analysis of Carotenoid Protein Complexes in Aqueous Solution. Molecules 2022; 27:molecules27154724. [PMID: 35897900 PMCID: PMC9329867 DOI: 10.3390/molecules27154724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/02/2022] [Revised: 07/13/2022] [Accepted: 07/18/2022] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Carotenoids are naturally abundant, fat-soluble pigmented compounds with dietary, antioxidant and vision protection advantages. The dietary carotenoids, Beta Carotene, Lutein, and Zeaxanthin, complexed with in bovine serum albumin (BSA) in aqueous solution, were explored using Raman spectroscopy to differentiate and quantify their spectral signatures. UV visible absorption spectroscopy was employed to confirm the linearity of responses over the concentration range employed (0.05–1 mg/mL) and, of the 4 Raman source wavelengths (785 nm, 660 nm, 532 nm, 473 nm), 532 nm was chosen to provide the optimal response. After preprocessing to remove water and BSA contributions, and correct for self-absorption, a partial least squares model with R2 of 0.9995, resulted in an accuracy of the Root Mean Squared Error of Prediction for Beta Carotene of 0.0032 mg/mL and Limit of Detection 0.0106 mg/mL. Principal Components Analysis clearly differentiated solutions of the three carotenoids, based primarily on small shifts of the main peak at ~1520 cm−1. Least squares fitting analysis of the spectra of admixtures of the carotenoid:protein complexes showed reasonable correlation between norminal% and fitted%, yielding 100% contribution when fitted with individual carotenoid complexes and variable contributions with multiple ratios of admixtures. The results indicate the technique can potentially be used to quantify the carotenoid content of human serum and to identify their differential contributions for application in clinical analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joy Udensi
- FOCAS Research Institute, Technological University Dublin, City Campus, Camden Row, Dublin 8, D08 CKP1 Dublin, Ireland;
- School of Physics and Clinical and Optometric Sciences, Technological University Dublin, City Campus, Grangegorman, Dublin 7, D07 EWV4 Dublin, Ireland; (E.L.); (J.L.)
- Centre for Eye Research, Ireland, Technological University Dublin, City Campus, Grangegorman, Dublin 7, D07 EWV4 Dublin, Ireland
- Correspondence:
| | - Ekaterina Loskutova
- School of Physics and Clinical and Optometric Sciences, Technological University Dublin, City Campus, Grangegorman, Dublin 7, D07 EWV4 Dublin, Ireland; (E.L.); (J.L.)
- Centre for Eye Research, Ireland, Technological University Dublin, City Campus, Grangegorman, Dublin 7, D07 EWV4 Dublin, Ireland
| | - James Loughman
- School of Physics and Clinical and Optometric Sciences, Technological University Dublin, City Campus, Grangegorman, Dublin 7, D07 EWV4 Dublin, Ireland; (E.L.); (J.L.)
- Centre for Eye Research, Ireland, Technological University Dublin, City Campus, Grangegorman, Dublin 7, D07 EWV4 Dublin, Ireland
| | - Hugh J. Byrne
- FOCAS Research Institute, Technological University Dublin, City Campus, Camden Row, Dublin 8, D08 CKP1 Dublin, Ireland;
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Liu M, Wang F, Pu C, Tang W, Sun Q. Nanoencapsulation of lutein within lipid-based delivery systems: Characterization and comparison of zein peptide stabilized nano-emulsion, solid lipid nanoparticle, and nano-structured lipid carrier. Food Chem 2021; 358:129840. [PMID: 33933956 DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2021.129840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/01/2021] [Revised: 04/01/2021] [Accepted: 04/09/2021] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Three lipid-based carriers encapsulating lutein, nano-emulsion (NE), solid lipid nanoparticle (SLN), and nano-structured lipid carrier (NLC), were developed from zein peptides hydrolyzed by trypsin (TZP) and flavourzyme (FZP) as stabilizers. The physiochemical properties of FZP and TZP were evaluated. The particle size, potential, microstructure, environmental stability, rheological properties, in vitro digestion stability, and bioavailability of the lutein-loaded NE, SLN, and NLC were compared. The results showed that the surface hydrophobicity of TZP was higher than that of FZP. Except for the SLN, most samples were stable against droplet aggregation during storage, and carriers stabilized by TZP exhibited more favorable storage stabilities than those prepared from FZP. All the samples presented characteristics of fluid with good fluidity. The bioavailability of lutein was between 42.61% and 62.81%. In summary, these results provide valuable insights into the design of lipid-based delivery systems for fat-soluble biologically active compounds using zein peptides as stabilizers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mengyao Liu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Fuli Wang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
| | - Chuanfen Pu
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China.
| | - Wenting Tang
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China.
| | - Qingjie Sun
- School of Food Science and Engineering, Qingdao Agricultural University, Qingdao 266109, China
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Tan TB, Chu WC, Yussof NS, Abas F, Mirhosseini H, Cheah YK, Nehdi IA, Tan CP. Physicochemical, morphological and cellular uptake properties of lutein nanodispersions prepared by using surfactants with different stabilizing mechanisms. Food Funct 2016; 7:2043-51. [PMID: 27010495 DOI: 10.1039/c5fo01621e] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
In this study, we prepared a series of lutein nanodispersions via the solvent displacement method, by using surfactants with different stabilizing mechanisms. The surfactants used include Tween 80 (steric stabilization), sodium dodecyl sulfate (SDS; electrostatic stabilization), sodium caseinate (electrosteric stabilization) and SDS-Tween 80 (electrostatic-steric stabilization). We then characterized the resulting lutein nanodispersions in terms of their particle size, particle size distribution, zeta potential, lutein content, flow behavior, apparent viscosity, transmittance, color, morphological properties and their effects on cell viability and cellular uptake. The type of surfactant used significantly (p < 0.05) affected the physical properties of the nanodispersions, but the chemical properties (lutein content) remained unaffected. Transmission electron microscopy (TEM) images obtained from this study demonstrated that the solvent displacement method was capable of producing lutein nanodispersions containing spherical particles with sizes ranging from 66.20-125.25 nm, depending on the type of surfactant used. SDS and SDS-Tween 80 surfactants negatively affected the viability of the HT-29 cells used in this study. Thus, for the cellular uptake determination, only Tween 80 and sodium caseinate surfactants were used. The cellular uptake of the lutein nanodispersion stabilized by sodium caseinate was higher than that which was stabilized by Tween 80. All things considered, the type of surfactant with different stabilizing mechanisms did produce lutein nanodispersions with different characteristics. These findings would aid in future selection of surfactants in order to produce nanodispersions with desirable properties.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tai Boon Tan
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Wern Cui Chu
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Nor Shariffa Yussof
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Faridah Abas
- Department of Food Science, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Hamed Mirhosseini
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
| | - Yoke Kqueen Cheah
- Department of Biomedical Sciences, Faculty of Medicine and Health Sciences, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia
| | - Imededdine Arbi Nehdi
- King Saud University, College of Science, Chemistry Department, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Chin Ping Tan
- Department of Food Technology, Faculty of Food Science and Technology, Universiti Putra Malaysia, 43400 UPM Serdang, Selangor, Malaysia.
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