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Ardicli S, Senturk N, Bozkurt B, Babayev H, Selvi T, Skolnick S, Ter H, Aktas B, Isık A, Ay OT, Ardicli O, Cobanoglu O. The impact of genetic variants related to the fatty acid metabolic process pathway on milk production traits in Jersey cows. Anim Biotechnol 2024; 35:2396421. [PMID: 39222128 DOI: 10.1080/10495398.2024.2396421] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/24/2024] [Accepted: 08/19/2024] [Indexed: 09/04/2024]
Abstract
The synthesis of fatty acids plays a critical role in shaping milk production characteristics in dairy cattle. Thus, identifying effective haplotypes within the fatty acid metabolism pathway will provide novel and robust insights into the genetics of dairy cattle. This study aimed to comprehensively examine the individual and combined impacts of fundamental genes within the fatty acid metabolic process pathway in Jersey cows. A comprehensive phenotypic dataset was compiled, considering milk production traits, to summarize a cow's productivity across three lactations. Genotyping was conducted through PCR-RFLP and Sanger sequencing, while the association between genotype and phenotype was quantified using linear mixed models. Moderate biodiversity and abundant variation suitable for haplotype analysis were observed across all examined markers. The individual effects of the FABP3, LTF and ANXA9 genes significantly influenced both milk yield and milk fat production. Additionally, this study reveals novel two-way interactions between genes in the fatty acid metabolism pathway that directly affect milk fat properties. Notably, we identified that the GGAAGG haplotype in FABP3×LTF×ANXA9 interaction may be a robust genetic marker concerning both milk fat yield and percentage. Consequently, the genotype combinations highlighted in this study serve as novel and efficient markers for assessing the fat content in cow's milk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sena Ardicli
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkiye
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Nursen Senturk
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkiye
| | - Berkay Bozkurt
- Department of Biotechnology and Bioengineering, Graduate School of Science and Engineering, Izmir Institute of Technology, Izmir, Turkiye
| | - Huseyn Babayev
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
| | - Tuğçe Selvi
- Department of Animal Science, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkiye
| | - Stephen Skolnick
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
- SEED Inc. Co, Los Angeles, CA, USA
| | - Hivdanur Ter
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science and Arts, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkiye
| | - Beyza Aktas
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science and Arts, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkiye
| | - Ayse Isık
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science and Arts, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkiye
| | - Ozgur Toprak Ay
- Department of Molecular Biology and Genetics, Faculty of Science, Izmir Institute of Technology, İzmir, Turkiye
| | - Ozge Ardicli
- Swiss Institute of Allergy and Asthma Research (SIAF), University of Zurich, Davos, Switzerland
- Division of Food Processing, Milk and Dairy Products Technology Program, Karacabey Vocational School, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkiye
| | - Ozden Cobanoglu
- Department of Genetics, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Bursa Uludag University, Bursa, Turkiye
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Cai W, Li C, Li J, Song J, Zhang S. Integrated Small RNA Sequencing, Transcriptome and GWAS Data Reveal microRNA Regulation in Response to Milk Protein Traits in Chinese Holstein Cattle. Front Genet 2021; 12:726706. [PMID: 34712266 PMCID: PMC8546187 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.726706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 09/21/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023] Open
Abstract
Milk protein is one of the most important economic traits in the dairy industry. Yet, the regulatory network of miRNAs for the synthesis of milk protein in mammary is poorly understood. Samples from 12 Chinese Holstein cows with three high ( ≥ 3.5%) and three low ( ≤ 3.0%) phenotypic values for milk protein percentage in lactation and non-lactation were examined through deep small RNA sequencing. We characterized 388 known and 212 novel miRNAs in the mammary gland. Differentially expressed analysis detected 28 miRNAs in lactation and 52 miRNAs in the non-lactating period with a highly significant correlation with milk protein concentration. Target prediction and correlation analysis identified some key miRNAs and their targets potentially involved in the synthesis of milk protein. We analyzed for enrichments of GWAS signals in miRNAs and their correlated targets. Our results demonstrated that genomic regions harboring DE miRNA genes in lactation were significantly enriched with GWAS signals for milk protein percentage traits and that enrichments within DE miRNA targets were significantly higher than in random gene sets for the majority of milk production traits. This integrated study on the transcriptome and posttranscriptional regulatory profiles between significantly differential phenotypes of milk protein concentration provides new insights into the mechanism of milk protein synthesis, which should reveal the regulatory mechanisms of milk secretion.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wentao Cai
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Bovine Breeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China.,Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture & National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China.,Department of Animal and Avian Science, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States
| | - Cong Li
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture & National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
| | - Junya Li
- Laboratory of Molecular Biology and Bovine Breeding, Institute of Animal Science, Chinese Academy of Agricultural Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Jiuzhou Song
- Department of Animal and Avian Science, University of Maryland, College Park, MD, United States
| | - Shengli Zhang
- Key Laboratory of Animal Genetics, Breeding and Reproduction, Ministry of Agriculture & National Engineering Laboratory for Animal Breeding, College of Animal Science and Technology, China Agricultural University, Beijing, China
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Milk somatic cell derived transcriptome analysis identifies regulatory genes and pathways during lactation in Indian Sahiwal cattle (Bos indicus). Mol Biol Rep 2020; 47:7029-7038. [PMID: 32880836 DOI: 10.1007/s11033-020-05764-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/28/2020] [Indexed: 10/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The present study is an effort to understand the genomic drivers of lactation in Sahiwal (Bos indicus), the best milch cattle breed of the tropics. METHODS RNA sequencing of four animals from early, mid and late lactation stages was performed using milk somatic cells as source of RNA. RESULTS The genes encoding the milk casein and whey proteins showed highest expression in early and mid lactation, with a declining trend towards the late stage. The enhanced expression of PLIN2, FABP5 and FABP3 genes in mid lactation suggests enrichment of the PPARα pathway which is linked to fatty acid metabolism. A gradual decline in the percentage of genes involved in metabolism of proteins, mRNA and insulin synthesis from early to late lactation reflected transition from lactogenesis to involution. Major biological pathways maintained throughout lactation were adaptive immune system, FGF signaling, EGFR signaling, activated TLR4 signaling, NFkB and MAP kinases activation mediated by TLR4 signaling repertoire. Differential expression analysis revealed 547, 1010 and 1313 differentially expressed genes (p < 0.05) between early-late, early-mid and mid-late stages, respectively. The topmost regulatory genes identified by network analysis from the differentially expressed genes, were involved in Chemokine receptor, GPCR and EGFR1 pathways. CONCLUSION The genes and pathways delineated in this study have regulatory implications in cell morphogenesis, lipid droplet formation and protein synthesis in the course of lactation. The study provides an insight into the expression profile of genes influencing milk properties and lactation in Sahiwal cattle.
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Pecka-Kiełb E, Czerniawska-Piątkowska E, Kowalewska-Łuczak I, Vasil M. Polymorphism in ovine ANXA9 gene and the physio-chemical properties and the fraction of protein in milk. JOURNAL OF THE SCIENCE OF FOOD AND AGRICULTURE 2018; 98:5396-5400. [PMID: 29663394 DOI: 10.1002/jsfa.9081] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/06/2016] [Revised: 04/06/2018] [Accepted: 04/11/2018] [Indexed: 06/08/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Annexin A9 (ANXA9) is a specific fatty acid transport protein. The ANXA9 gene is expressed in various tissues, including secretory tissue and the mammary glands. The association between the three single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) of the ANXA9 gene and sheep's milk composition was assessed. RESULTS Genotype analysis was performed using the polymerase chain reaction-restriction fragment length polymorphism (PCR-RFLP) method. The ANXA9 polymorphisms that were studied had the following major allele frequencies (MAFs): SNP1: allele G 0,66; SNP2: allele G 0,54; SNP3: allele C 0,57. The study found the most favorable profile of protein fractions, namely increased kappa-casein fractions and a decreased level of whey protein in sheep's milk for the SNP1 and SNP3 polymorphisms. Sheep with the SNP1 GA genotype had the highest (P < 0.05) content of fat and dry matter in milk. AXNA9 gene polymorphism did not influence the levels of protein, lactose, or urea in sheep's milk. CONCLUSION The information contained in this study may be useful for determining the impact of the ANXA9 gene on sheep's milk. The ANXA9 SNP1 and SNP3 polymorphism results could be included in breeding programs to select sheep with the genotypes ensuring the highest kappa-casein levels in milk. However, it is worth conducting further research on ANXA9 and milk composition in larger herds of animals and various breeds of sheep. © 2018 Society of Chemical Industry.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ewa Pecka-Kiełb
- Department of Biostructure and Animal Physiology, Wroclaw University of Environmental and Life Sciences, Wroclaw, Poland
| | | | - Inga Kowalewska-Łuczak
- Department of Genetics and Animal Breeding, West Pomeranian University of Technology, Szczecin, Poland
| | - Milan Vasil
- Department of Epizootology and Parasitology, University of Veterinary Medicine and Pharmacy, Košice, Slovak Republic
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