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Zinchenko RA, Makaov AK, Marakhonov AV, Galkina VA, Kadyshev VV, El’chinova GI, Dadali EL, Mikhailova LK, Petrova NV, Petrina NE, Vasilyeva TA, Gundorova P, Polyakov AV, Alexandrova OY, Kutsev SI, Ginter EK. Epidemiology of Hereditary Diseases in the Karachay-Cherkess Republic. Int J Mol Sci 2020;21:E325. [PMID: 31947737 PMCID: PMC6981994 DOI: 10.3390/ijms21010325] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2019] [Revised: 12/22/2019] [Accepted: 12/27/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open

Abstract

Prevalence and allelic heterogeneity of hereditary diseases (HDs) could vary significantly in different human populations. Current knowledge of HDs distribution in populations is generally limited to either European data or analyses of isolated populations which were performed several decades ago. Thus, an acknowledgement of the HDs prevalence in different modern open populations is important. The study presents the results of a genetic epidemiological study of hereditary diseases (HDs) in the population of the Karachay-Cherkess Republic (KChR). Clinical screening of a population of 410,367 people for the identification of HDs was conducted. The population surveyed is represented by five major ethnic groups-Karachays, Russians, Circassians, Abazins, Nogais. The study of the populations was carried out in accordance with the proprietary protocol of genetic epidemiological examination designed to identify >3500 HDs easily diagnosed during clinical examination by qualified specialists specializing in the HDs. The protocol consists of the population genetic and medical genetic sections and is intended for comprehensive population analysis based on the data on different genetic systems, including the genes of HDs, DNA polymorphisms, demographic data collected during hospital-based survey. 8950 families (with 10,125 patients) with presumably the HDs were initially identified as a result of the survey and data collection through various sources of registration (from 1156 medical workers from 163 medical institutions). A diagnosis of hereditary pathology was established in 1849 patients (from 1295 families). Two hundred and thirty nosological forms were revealed (in 1857 patients from 1295 families). The total prevalence of HDs was 1:221. Differences between populations and ethnic groups were identified: 1:350 in Russians, 1:195 in Karachays, 1:199 in Circassians, 1:218 in Abazins, 1:135 in Nogais. Frequent diseases were determined, the presence of marked genetic heterogeneity was identified during the confirmatory DNA diagnosis. To explain the reasons for the differentiation of populations by load of HD, a correlation analysis was carried out between the FST (random inbreeding) in populations and HDs load values. This analysis showed genetic drift is probably one of the leading factors determining the differentiation of KChR populations by HDs load. For the first time, the size of the load and spectrum of HDs in the populations of the KChR are determined. We have demonstrated genetic drift to be one of the main factors of the population dynamics in studied population. A significant genetic heterogeneity of HDs, both allelic and locus, was revealed in KChR.

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Affiliation(s)

Rena A. Zinchenko Research Centre for Medical Genetics, 115522 Moscow, Russia; (R.A.Z.); (V.A.G.); (V.V.K.); (G.I.E.); (E.L.D.); (N.V.P.); (N.E.P.); (T.A.V.); (P.G.); (A.V.P.); (S.I.K.); (E.K.G.) N.A. Semashko National Research Institute of Public Health, 105064 Moscow, Russia
Amin Kh. Makaov Municipal Budgetary Health Care Setting “Khabez Central District Hospital”, 369400 Khabez, Russia;
Andrey V. Marakhonov Research Centre for Medical Genetics, 115522 Moscow, Russia; (R.A.Z.); (V.A.G.); (V.V.K.); (G.I.E.); (E.L.D.); (N.V.P.); (N.E.P.); (T.A.V.); (P.G.); (A.V.P.); (S.I.K.); (E.K.G.)
Varvara A. Galkina Research Centre for Medical Genetics, 115522 Moscow, Russia; (R.A.Z.); (V.A.G.); (V.V.K.); (G.I.E.); (E.L.D.); (N.V.P.); (N.E.P.); (T.A.V.); (P.G.); (A.V.P.); (S.I.K.); (E.K.G.)
Vitaly V. Kadyshev Research Centre for Medical Genetics, 115522 Moscow, Russia; (R.A.Z.); (V.A.G.); (V.V.K.); (G.I.E.); (E.L.D.); (N.V.P.); (N.E.P.); (T.A.V.); (P.G.); (A.V.P.); (S.I.K.); (E.K.G.)
Galina I. El’chinova Research Centre for Medical Genetics, 115522 Moscow, Russia; (R.A.Z.); (V.A.G.); (V.V.K.); (G.I.E.); (E.L.D.); (N.V.P.); (N.E.P.); (T.A.V.); (P.G.); (A.V.P.); (S.I.K.); (E.K.G.)
Elena L. Dadali Research Centre for Medical Genetics, 115522 Moscow, Russia; (R.A.Z.); (V.A.G.); (V.V.K.); (G.I.E.); (E.L.D.); (N.V.P.); (N.E.P.); (T.A.V.); (P.G.); (A.V.P.); (S.I.K.); (E.K.G.)
Lyudmila K. Mikhailova N.N. Priorov Central Research Institute of Traumatology and Orthopedics, 117997 Moscow, Russia;
Nika V. Petrova Research Centre for Medical Genetics, 115522 Moscow, Russia; (R.A.Z.); (V.A.G.); (V.V.K.); (G.I.E.); (E.L.D.); (N.V.P.); (N.E.P.); (T.A.V.); (P.G.); (A.V.P.); (S.I.K.); (E.K.G.)
Nina E. Petrina Research Centre for Medical Genetics, 115522 Moscow, Russia; (R.A.Z.); (V.A.G.); (V.V.K.); (G.I.E.); (E.L.D.); (N.V.P.); (N.E.P.); (T.A.V.); (P.G.); (A.V.P.); (S.I.K.); (E.K.G.)
Tatyana A. Vasilyeva Research Centre for Medical Genetics, 115522 Moscow, Russia; (R.A.Z.); (V.A.G.); (V.V.K.); (G.I.E.); (E.L.D.); (N.V.P.); (N.E.P.); (T.A.V.); (P.G.); (A.V.P.); (S.I.K.); (E.K.G.)
Polina Gundorova Research Centre for Medical Genetics, 115522 Moscow, Russia; (R.A.Z.); (V.A.G.); (V.V.K.); (G.I.E.); (E.L.D.); (N.V.P.); (N.E.P.); (T.A.V.); (P.G.); (A.V.P.); (S.I.K.); (E.K.G.)
Alexander V. Polyakov Research Centre for Medical Genetics, 115522 Moscow, Russia; (R.A.Z.); (V.A.G.); (V.V.K.); (G.I.E.); (E.L.D.); (N.V.P.); (N.E.P.); (T.A.V.); (P.G.); (A.V.P.); (S.I.K.); (E.K.G.)
Oksana Y. Alexandrova Moscow Regional Research and Clinical Institute (“MONIKI”), 129110 Moscow, Russia;
Sergey I. Kutsev Research Centre for Medical Genetics, 115522 Moscow, Russia; (R.A.Z.); (V.A.G.); (V.V.K.); (G.I.E.); (E.L.D.); (N.V.P.); (N.E.P.); (T.A.V.); (P.G.); (A.V.P.); (S.I.K.); (E.K.G.)
Eugeny K. Ginter Research Centre for Medical Genetics, 115522 Moscow, Russia; (R.A.Z.); (V.A.G.); (V.V.K.); (G.I.E.); (E.L.D.); (N.V.P.); (N.E.P.); (T.A.V.); (P.G.); (A.V.P.); (S.I.K.); (E.K.G.)

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Gundorova P, Kuznetsova IA, Agladze D, Margvelashvili L, Kldiashvili E, Kvlividze O, Kutsev SI, Polyakov AV. Molecular-Genetic Study of Phenylketonuria in Patients from Georgia. RUSS J GENET+ 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s1022795419080064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]

Genotypes of 2579 patients with phenylketonuria reveal a high rate of BH4 non-responders in Russia. PLoS One 2019;14:e0211048. [PMID: 30668579 PMCID: PMC6342299 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0211048] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/24/2018] [Accepted: 12/30/2018] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open

Molecular-genetic causes for the high frequency of phenylketonuria in the population from the North Caucasus. PLoS One 2018;13:e0201489. [PMID: 30067850 PMCID: PMC6070269 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0201489] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/18/2018] [Accepted: 07/15/2018] [Indexed: 01/25/2023] Open

Zinchenko RA, Makaov AK, Kadyshev VV, Galkina VA, Dadali EL, Mikhailova LK, Shurygina MF, Marakhonov AV, Petrova NV, Petrina NE, El’chinonva GI, Gundorova P, Tanas AS, Strelnikov VV, Polyakov AV, Ginter EK. Diversity and Prevalence of Hereditary Diseases among Nogais of the Karachay-Cherkess Republic. RUSS J GENET+ 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s1022795418070165] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]

Zinchenko RA, Makaov AK, Kadyshev VV, Galkina VA, Dadali EL, Shurygina MF, El’chinova GI, Mikhailova LK, Marakhonov AV, Vasilyeva TA, Petrova NV, Gundorova P, Tanas AS, Strelnikov VV, Polyakov AV, Ginter EK. Medical Genetic Study of Hereditary Diseases in Abazins of the Karachay-Cherkess Republic. RUSS J GENET+ 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s1022795418060170] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]

Gundorova P, Stepanova AA, Bushueva TV, Belyashova EY, Zinchenko RA, Amelina SS, Kutsev SI, Polyakov AV. Genotyping of patients with phenylketonuria from different regions of Russia for determining BH4 responsiveness. RUSS J GENET+ 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s1022795417060060] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]

Gundorova P, Zinchenko RA, Makaov AK, Polyakov AV. The spectrum of mutations in the PAH gene in patients with hyperphenylalaninemia from the Karachay-Cherkess Republic. RUSS J GENET+ 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s1022795417070043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]