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Hajimohammadi B, Eslami G, Loni E, Ehrampoush MH, Moshtaghioun SM, Fallahzadeh H, Ardakani SAY, Hosseini SS, Askari V. Relationship between Serum Tumor-Related Markers and Genetically Modified Rice Expressing Cry1Ab Protein in Sprague-Dawley Rats. Nutr Cancer 2021; 74:2581-2590. [PMID: 34875945 DOI: 10.1080/01635581.2021.2012210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/25/2022]
Abstract
Genetically Modified (GM) foods are among the most important achievements of biotechnology. Given the safety importance of transgenic rice, this study was conducted to investigate the effect of GM rice consumption on serum concentrations of tumor markers in rats. In this experimental intervention, we used the blood serum samples from the Biobank taken from 60 males and 60 female Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats fed on three different diets, including rat's standard food, non-GM rice, and GM rice after 90 day. Tumor markers including Carcinogenic embryonic antigen (CEA), Alpha-Fito protein (AFP), Cancer Antigen 19-9 (CA19-9), Cancer Antigen 125 (CA125), and Cancer Antigen15-3 (CA15-3) were assessed by enzyme-linked immune sorbent assay (ELISA) method. Statistical analysis was conducted via SPSS software. The results show that the concentrations of tumor markers were within the normal range in the SD rats treated with diet, and since the concentration of tumor markers was lower than the acceptable index determined, according to the kit standard in both groups, no obvious carcinogenic effect was found. However, these findings are not enough to make a final decision regarding the safety assessment of GM rice consumption.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahador Hajimohammadi
- Research Center for Food Hygiene and Safety, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.,Department of Food Hygiene and Safety, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Gilda Eslami
- Research Center for Food Hygiene and Safety, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.,Department of Parasitology and Mycology, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Elahe Loni
- Research Center for Food Hygiene and Safety, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran.,Department of Food Hygiene and Safety, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Mohammad Hassan Ehrampoush
- Research Center for Food Hygiene and Safety, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | | | - Hossein Fallahzadeh
- Center for Healthcare Data Modeling, Departments of biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of public health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Seyed Ali Yasini Ardakani
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Faculty of Agriculture and Natural Resources, Yazd Branch, Islamic Azad University, Yazd, Iran
| | - Saeedeh Sadat Hosseini
- Research Center for Food Hygiene and Safety, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
| | - Vahideh Askari
- Research Center for Food Hygiene and Safety, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Yazd, Iran
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Hajimohammadi B, Eslami G, Zandi H, Ehrampoush MH, Naimi A, Derakhshan M, Hedayat P, Fallahi R, Fallahzadeh H, Rezvani ME, Vakili M, Moshtaghioun SM, Athari SS, Asadi-Yousefabad SL, Hosseini SS, Shirdeli M, Ahmadian S, Mortazavi S, Loni E, Ajamein V, Ahmadi A, Askari V. Safety assessment of genetically modified rice expressing Cry1Ab protein in Sprague-Dawley rats. Sci Rep 2021; 11:1126. [PMID: 33441963 PMCID: PMC7807014 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-021-80958-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/28/2020] [Accepted: 12/31/2020] [Indexed: 11/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Rice is considered one of the most important staple food crops. Genetically modified (GM) Bt rice, harbored cry1Ab gene expressing the insect-resistance protein has been developed to resistance to the insects. In this study, we assessed the safety of the GM Bt rice on Sprague–Dawley rats for 90 days. Totally, 120 rats in both sexes were used for three different diets, including 50% GM Bt rice, feeding with 50% rice, and standard feeding. Each 40 SD rats including 20 males and 20 females were considered as each diet. The clinical variables such as body weight and food consumption were measured and a range of clinical tests was examined, including hematology, serum chemistry parameters, urinalysis profile, thyroid, and sex hormone levels. Pathological assessments were also done. The results showed that the mean weekly feed utilization (%) had no significant difference among the studied groups. Also, blood biochemistry, hematological parameters, urine analysis, and hormonal levels had no significant differences among the groups. However, alanine aminotransferase was less in males versus female feeding with GM Bt rice. No histopathological changes were observed among the groups. In conclusion, this study demonstrated that GM Bt rice had no obvious adverse effects on rats' health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bahador Hajimohammadi
- Research Center for Food Hygiene and Safety, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Shohadaye Gomnam Blvd., Yazd, 8916188638, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Gilda Eslami
- Research Center for Food Hygiene and Safety, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Shohadaye Gomnam Blvd., Yazd, 8916188638, Islamic Republic of Iran.
| | - Hengameh Zandi
- Research Center for Food Hygiene and Safety, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Shohadaye Gomnam Blvd., Yazd, 8916188638, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Mohammad Hassan Ehrampoush
- Research Center for Food Hygiene and Safety, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Shohadaye Gomnam Blvd., Yazd, 8916188638, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Azar Naimi
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Maryam Derakhshan
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Pegah Hedayat
- Department of Pathology, Medical University of Isfahan, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Roozbeh Fallahi
- Animal Viral Diseases Research Department, Razi Vaccine and Serum Research Institute, Agricultural Research Education and Extension Organization (AREEO), 3197619751, Karaj, Iran
| | - Hossein Fallahzadeh
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, Daneshjoo Boulevard, Health School, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Shohadaye Gomnam Blv., Yazd, 8916188638, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Mohammad Ebrahim Rezvani
- Department of Physiology, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Shohadaye Gomnam Blvd., Yazd, 8916188638, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Mahmoud Vakili
- Department of Community and Preventive Medicine, Health Monitoring Research Center, Faculty of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Shohadaye Gomnam Blv., Yazd, 8916188638, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | | | - Seyyed Shamsadin Athari
- Department of Immunology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Seyedeh Leili Asadi-Yousefabad
- Department of Genetics, School of Medicine, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Shohadaye Gomnam Blvd., Yazd, 8916188638, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Saeedeh Sadat Hosseini
- Research Center for Food Hygiene and Safety, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Shohadaye Gomnam Blvd., Yazd, 8916188638, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Mehrnoush Shirdeli
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Food Security Research Center, School of Nutrition and Food Science, Isfahan University of Medical Sciences, Isfahan, Iran
| | - Salman Ahmadian
- Research Center for Food Hygiene and Safety, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Shohadaye Gomnam Blvd., Yazd, 8916188638, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Shirin Mortazavi
- Research Center for Food Hygiene and Safety, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Shohadaye Gomnam Blvd., Yazd, 8916188638, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Elahe Loni
- Research Center for Food Hygiene and Safety, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Shohadaye Gomnam Blvd., Yazd, 8916188638, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Vahid Ajamein
- Research Center for Food Hygiene and Safety, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Shohadaye Gomnam Blvd., Yazd, 8916188638, Islamic Republic of Iran
| | - Amin Ahmadi
- Department of Pathobiology, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Ardakan University, Ardakan, Iran
| | - Vahideh Askari
- Research Center for Food Hygiene and Safety, School of Public Health, Shahid Sadoughi University of Medical Sciences, Shohadaye Gomnam Blvd., Yazd, 8916188638, Islamic Republic of Iran
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