Limthin D, Leepheng P, Tunhoo B, Onlaor K, Klamchuen A, Phromyothin D, Thiwawong T. Preparation of surface-modified electrode of copper(ii) oxide mixed with the molecularly imprinted polymer for enhancement of melamine detection with photoelectrochemical technique.
RSC Adv 2023;
13:14729-14736. [PMID:
37197674 PMCID:
PMC10183999 DOI:
10.1039/d3ra01854g]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/19/2023] Open
Abstract
Melamine contamination in food and beverages affects short- and long-term health. In this work, enhanced sensitivity and selectivity in photoelectrochemical determination for melamine detection was achieved using copper(ii) oxide (CuO) combined with a molecularly imprinted polymer (MIP). A CuO nanomaterial was used to achieve MIP surface modification via co-precipitation synthesis. An MIP film was deposited by polymerizing the methacrylic acid monomer and a melamine template. The properties of the CuO nanomaterials, such as the surface morphology, chemical oxidation state, and crystalline structure, were characterized using field emission scanning electron microscopy (FESEM), X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS), and X-ray diffraction patterns (XRD), respectively. The diffuse reflection spectroscopy technique was applied to evaluate the optical properties of the CuO nanoparticles. The results indicated that the synthesized CuO nanomaterials had a monoclinic structure with an optical bandgap of 1.49 eV, which corresponds to absorbance in the visible light region. CPE electrodes with surface-modified CuO/MIP were measured using the photoelectrochemical techniques of cyclic voltammetry, differential pulse voltammetry (DPV), and amperometry. The modified CuO/MIP electrode for melamine detection in 7.4 pH PBS buffer solution exhibited a high sensitivity of 0.332 nA nM-1, with a linear range of 5.0-75.0 nM and a limit of detection of 2.45 nM. Moreover, real samples of various kinds of milk were applied to evaluate the sensing response of the prepared CuO/MIP electrode. The modified CuO/MIP electrodes could be reused seven times with good reproducibility and high selectivity for melamine detection.
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