Development of HPLC Method for Simultaneous Determination of Ibuprofen and Chlorpheniramine Maleate

One of the most prevalent over-the-counter cold and cough medications is the chlorpheniramine maleate (CPM)–ibuprofen (IBF) combination. A reversed-phase high-performance liquid chromatography (RP-HPLC) method was effectively optimized and developed for the simultaneous detection of chlorpheniramine maleate and ibuprofen in a pharmaceutical formulation. The mobile phase for the RP-HPLC method was an isocratic combination of acetonitrile and 0.01 M acetate buffer at pH 3.8 (55:45; v/v) on an Eclipse Plus C18 reversed phase column. An ultraviolet (UV) detector with a wavelength of 225 nm was used to detect the analytes at a flow rate of 1.0 mL/min. CPM and IBF were satisfactorily eluted, with mean retention times of 2.09 and 6.27 min, respectively. The approach was shown to be linear (R2 > 0.9998 for CPM and 0.9992 for IBF), precise (% RSD 3.02% for CPM and 3.48% for IBF), accurate (% recoveries 97.7–98.9% for CPM and 101–104.5% for IBF), specific, easy to use, sensitive, quick, and robust. Limits of detection (LODs) were found to be 10 and 27 μg/mL for CPM and IBF, respectively. Without interference from excipients, the validated method could be utilized in regular quality control analysis of various dosage combinations of hard gelatin capsules containing CPM and IBF.

Functionalized Fe3O4 Magnetic Nanoparticle Potentiometric Detection Strategy versus Classical Potentiometric Strategy for Determination of Chlorpheniramine Maleate and Pseudoephedrine HCl

Nanosized adsorbents when used in potentiometric methods of analysis usually show better performance rather than the traditional potentiometric approach; this is attributed to the high specific surface area of the nanomaterial used in addition to the lack of internal diffusion resistance, thus improving their adsorption capacity. In the presented work, a rapid and sensitive potentiometric determination of chlorpheniramine maleate (CPM) and pseudoephedrine hydrochloride (PSE) in pure form, in pharmaceutical preparation, and in biological fluid was developed based on functionalized magnetic nanoparticles (Fe₃O₄). This strategy was compared with the classical potentiometric strategy. Three types of sensors were constructed using phosphotungstic acid (PTA), β-cyclodextrin (β-CD), and β-cyclodextrin-conjugated Fe₃O₄ magnetic nanoparticles for the potentiometric determination of each of CPM and PSE. The prepared sensors were characterized in regards to their composition, life duration, working pH range, and response time. The sensors have demonstrated promising selectivity to CPM and PSE in the presence of pharmaceutical formulation excipients, plasma matrix, and a diversity of both organic and inorganic interfering materials. The developed sensors have displayed good responses. Statistical comparison of the achieved results with a reported method has revealed no significant difference regarding both accuracy and precision.

Evaluating the efficiency of spectral resolution of univariate methods manipulating ratio spectra and comparing to multivariate methods: an application to ternary mixture in common cold preparation

Simple, accurate, and selective methods have been developed and validated for simultaneous determination of a ternary mixture of Chlorpheniramine maleate (CPM), Pseudoephedrine HCl (PSE) and Ibuprofen (IBF), in tablet dosage form. Four univariate methods manipulating ratio spectra were applied, method A is the double divisor-ratio difference spectrophotometric method (DD-RD). Method B is double divisor-derivative ratio spectrophotometric method (DD-RD). Method C is derivative ratio spectrum-zero crossing method (DRZC), while method D is mean centering of ratio spectra (MCR). Two multivariate methods were also developed and validated, methods E and F are Principal Component Regression (PCR) and Partial Least Squares (PLSs). The proposed methods have the advantage of simultaneous determination of the mentioned drugs without prior separation steps. They were successfully applied to laboratory-prepared mixtures and to commercial pharmaceutical preparation without any interference from additives. The proposed methods were validated according to the ICH guidelines. The obtained results were statistically compared with the official methods where no significant difference was observed regarding both accuracy and precision.