Simple Instrumental and Visual Tests for Nonlaboratory Environmental Control

Proposed are simple and available techniques that can be used for rapid and reliable environmental control specifically of natural water by means of instrumental and visual tests in outdoor conditions. Developed are the chemical colorimetric modes for fast detection of socially dangerous trace impurities in water such as Co(II), Pd(II), and Rh(III) as well as NO2 (-)-ions and Fe(III) serving as model impurities. Application of portable digital devices and scanner allows estimating the color coordinates and increasing the accuracy and sensitivity of the tests. The combination of complex formation with preconcentration of colored complexes replaces the sensitive but time-consuming and capricious kinetic method that is usually used for this purpose at the more convenient and reliable colorimetric method. As the test tools, the following ones are worked out: polyurethane foam tablets with sorbed colored complexes, the two-layer paper sandwich packaged in slide adapter and saturated by reagents, and polyethylene terephthalate blister with dried reagents. Fast analysis of polyurethane foam tablets is realized using a pocket digital RGB-colorimeter or portable photometer. Express analysis of two-layer paper sandwich or polyethylene terephthalate blister is realized by visual and instrumental tests. The metrological characteristics of the developed visual and instrumental express analysis techniques are estimated.

Compositional surface-layered sorbents for pre-concentration of organic substances in the air analysis

We juxtapose methods of synthesis of non-polar surface-layered sorbents on the platform of a carrier, which combines macro-porous coarse-dispersed polytetrafluoroethylene with micro-dispersed activated carbon. Further, we present data about the sorption properties of the said materials alongside perspectives of their analytical applications. Our study established that with respect to efficacy of dynamic sorption from gaseous phases these sorbents outperform bulk-porous analogues in their normal, granular form.