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Wang S, Feng Y, Zheng L, He P, Tan J, Cai J, Wu M, Ye X. Rosavin: Research Advances in Extraction and Synthesis, Pharmacological Activities and Therapeutic Effects on Diseases of the Characteristic Active Ingredients of Rhodiola rosea L. Molecules 2023; 28:7412. [PMID: 37959831 PMCID: PMC10648587 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28217412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/04/2023] [Revised: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 11/01/2023] [Indexed: 11/15/2023] Open
Abstract
Rhodiola rosea L. (RRL) is a popular plant in traditional medicine, and Rosavin, a characteristic ingredient of RRL, is considered one of the most important active ingredients in it. In recent years, with deepening research on its pharmacological actions, the clinical application value and demand for Rosavin have been steadily increasing. Various routes for the extraction and all-chemical or biological synthesis of Rosavin have been gradually developed for the large-scale production and broad application of Rosavin. Pharmacological studies have demonstrated that Rosavin has a variety of biological activities, including antioxidant, lipid-lowering, analgesic, antiradiation, antitumor and immunomodulation effects. Rosavin showed significant therapeutic effects on a range of chronic diseases, including neurological, digestive, respiratory and bone-related disorders during in vitro and vivo experiments, demonstrating the great potential of Rosavin as a therapeutic drug for diseases. This paper gives a comprehensive and insightful overview of Rosavin, focusing on its extraction and synthesis, pharmacological activities, progress in disease-treatment research and formulation studies, providing a reference for the production and preparation, further clinical research and applications of Rosavin in the future.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shen Wang
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, China; (S.W.); (J.T.); (J.C.)
| | - Yanmin Feng
- The First Clinical Medical College, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, China; (Y.F.); (L.Z.); (P.H.)
| | - Lin Zheng
- The First Clinical Medical College, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, China; (Y.F.); (L.Z.); (P.H.)
| | - Panfeng He
- The First Clinical Medical College, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, China; (Y.F.); (L.Z.); (P.H.)
| | - Jingyi Tan
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, China; (S.W.); (J.T.); (J.C.)
| | - Jinhui Cai
- School of Pharmacy, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, China; (S.W.); (J.T.); (J.C.)
| | - Minhua Wu
- School of Basic Medicine, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, China;
| | - Xiaoxia Ye
- School of Basic Medicine, Guangdong Medical University, Zhanjiang 524023, China;
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Kunčič A, Bucar F, Smole Možina S. Rhodiola rosea Reduces Intercellular Signaling in Campylobacter jejuni. Antibiotics (Basel) 2022; 11:antibiotics11091220. [PMID: 36140000 PMCID: PMC9494958 DOI: 10.3390/antibiotics11091220] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2022] [Revised: 09/02/2022] [Accepted: 09/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Campylobacter jejuni is a major foodborne pathogen and the leading cause of bacterial gastroenteritis, i.e., campylobacteriosis. Besides searching for novel antimicrobials, identification of new targets for their action is becoming increasingly important. Rhodiola rosea has long been used in traditional medicine. Ethanolic extracts from the roots and rhizomes of the plant contain a wide range of bioactive compounds with various pharmacological activities. In this study, cultivated plant materials have been used, i.e., “Mattmark” and “Rosavine”. Through optimized protocols, we obtained fractions of the initial ethanolic extracts rich in most important bioactive compounds from R. rosea, including salidroside, rosavins, proanthocyanidins (PACs), and flavonoids. The antimicrobial activity in relation to the chemical composition of the extracts and their fractions was studied with an emphasis on C. jejuni AI-2-mediated intercellular signaling. At concentration 15.625 mg/L, bioluminescence reduction rates varied from 27% to 72%, and the membrane remained intact. Fractions rich in PACs had the strongest antimicrobial effect against C. jejuni, with the lowest minimal inhibitory concentrations (MICs) (M F3 40%: 62.5 mg/L; R F3 40%: 250 mg/L) and the highest intercellular signaling reduction rates (M F3 40%: 72%; R F3 40%: 65%). On the other hand, fractions without PACs were less effective (MICs: M F5 PVP: 250 mg/L; R F5 PVP: 1000 mg/L and bioluminescence reduction rates: M F5 PVP: 27%; R F5 PVP: 43%). Additionally, fractions rich in flavonoids had strong antimicrobial activity (MICs: M F4 70%: 125 mg/L; R F4 70%: 250 mg/L and bioluminescence reduction rates: M F4 70%: 68%; R F4 70%: 50%). We conclude that PACs and flavonoids are crucial compound groups responsible for the antimicrobial activity of R. rosea roots and rhizomes in C. jejuni.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ajda Kunčič
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva ulica 101, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
| | - Franz Bucar
- Department of Pharmacognosy, Institute of Pharmaceutical Sciences, University of Graz, Beethovenstraße 8, 8010 Graz, Austria
| | - Sonja Smole Možina
- Department of Food Science and Technology, Biotechnical Faculty, University of Ljubljana, Jamnikarjeva ulica 101, 1000 Ljubljana, Slovenia
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +386-1-320-3751
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Simultaneous Determination of 78 Compounds of Rhodiola rosea Extract by Supercritical CO 2-Extraction and HPLC-ESI-MS/MS Spectrometry. Biochem Res Int 2021; 2021:9957490. [PMID: 34306755 PMCID: PMC8279876 DOI: 10.1155/2021/9957490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/31/2021] [Revised: 06/11/2021] [Accepted: 06/23/2021] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
The plant Rhodiola rosea L. of family Crassulaceae was extracted using the supercritical CO2-extraction method. Several experimental conditions were investigated in the pressure range of 200–500 bar, with the used volume of cosolvent ethanol in the amount of 1% in the liquid phase at a temperature in the range of 31–70°C. The most effective extraction conditions are pressure 350 bar and temperature 60°C. The extracts were analyzed by HPLC with MS/MS identification. 78 target analytes were isolated from Rhodiola rosea (Russia) using a series of column chromatography and mass spectrometry experiments. The results of the analysis showed a spectrum of the main active ingredients Rh. rosea: salidroside, rhodiolosides (B and C), rhodiosin, luteolin, catechin, quercetin, quercitrin, herbacetin, sacranoside A, vimalin, and others. In addition to the reported metabolites, 29 metabolites were newly annotated in Rh. rosea. There were flavonols: dihydroquercetin, acacetin, mearnsetin, and taxifolin-O-pentoside; flavones: apigenin-O-hexoside derivative, tricetin trimethyl ether 7-O-hexosyl-hexoside, tricin 7-O-glucoronyl-O-hexoside, tricin O-pentoside, and tricin-O-dihexoside; flavanones: eriodictyol-7-O-glucoside; flavan-3-ols: gallocatechin, hydroxycinnamic acid caffeoylmalic acid, and di-O-caffeoylquinic acid; coumarins: esculetin; esculin: fraxin; and lignans: hinokinin, pinoresinol, L-ascorbic acid, glucaric acid, palmitic acid, and linolenic acid. The results of supercritical CO2-extraction from roots and rhizomes of Rh. rosea, in particular, indicate that the extract contained all biologically active components of the plant, as well as inert mixtures of extracted compositions.
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Pharmacokinetic study of rosavin in rat plasma with ultra performance LC–MS/MS after intravenous and gavage administration. Bioanalysis 2019; 11:837-845. [PMID: 31094215 DOI: 10.4155/bio-2019-0022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Aim: A sensitive and selective ultra performance LC–MS/MS (UPLC–MS/MS) method was developed to investigate the pharmacokinetics of rosavin as a potential adaptogenic drug isolated from Rhodiola rosa L. in rat plasma with salidroside as an internal standard. Methodology: Chromatographic separation was performed on a UPLC HSS T3 column (1.8 μm, 100 mm × 2.1 mm) with gradient elution. Multiple reaction monitoring was employed for MS analysis. Rosavin and salidroside were determined with multiple reaction monitoring–ion transitions m/z 427.2 → 293.1 and m/z 299.1 → 119.1, respectively. Conclusion: The validated UPLC–MS/MS method showed a satisfied linear range in 5–5000 ng/ml-1 and was successfully applied for the pharmacokinetic study of rosavin in the rat after intravenous and gavage administration.
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Qualitative and Quantitative Analysis of Different Rhodiola rosea Rhizome Extracts by UHPLC-DAD-ESI-MSn. Sci Pharm 2019. [DOI: 10.3390/scipharm87020008] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Rhodiola rosea has been used in folk medicine as ethanolic macerates for a long time. This study aims to provide a quantitative and qualitative analysis and comparison of different ethanolic Rhodiola rosea rhizome macerates (35%, 70%, and 96% v/v) and accelerated solvent extraction (ASE) extracts prepared with 85% methanol, in order to shed light on the effectivity of different extraction methods. Extract samples were analyzed by UHPLC-DAD-ESI-MSn on a ZORBAX SB-C18 column (100 × 2.1 mm, 1.8 μm) with a mobile phase consisting of water + 0.1% formic acid and acetonitrile. Qualitative analysis lead to the tentative identification of 18 compounds: Two cyanogenic glycosides (rhodiocyanoside A, lotaustralin), three phenylethanoids (salidroside, viridoside, 2-phenylethyl-vicianoside), two procyanidin and catechin derivatives (epigallocatechin-epigallocatechin gallate, epigallocatechin-3-O-gallate), five phenylpropanoids (cinnamyl alcohol, rosarin, rosavin, rosin, cinnamyl-(6’-O-β-d-xylopyranosyl)-O-β-glucopyranoside), two monoterpene alcohols (rhodioloside E, rosiridin) and four flavonols (rhodionidin, rhodiosin, rhodionin, kaempferol). Quantity was determined for salidroside, cinnamyl alcohol and its three major glycosides (rosarin, rosavin, rosin), as well as three flavonols (rhodionidin, rhodiosin, rhodionin). Methanolic ASE proved to be the superior extraction method for different substance groups. For macerates, high ethanol content increased yield and lowered hydrolysis of glycosides during extraction, but ethanolic macerates still showed low reproducibility and high fluctuations in quantity of marker compounds salidroside and rosavins, as well as flavonols. Rhodiola rosea rhizomes of wild origins seemed to underly great variability in chemical composition dependent on grow site.
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Ismail BB, Pu Y, Guo M, Ma X, Liu D. LC-MS/QTOF identification of phytochemicals and the effects of solvents on phenolic constituents and antioxidant activity of baobab (Adansonia digitata) fruit pulp. Food Chem 2019; 277:279-288. [DOI: 10.1016/j.foodchem.2018.10.056] [Citation(s) in RCA: 61] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/20/2018] [Revised: 10/09/2018] [Accepted: 10/10/2018] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Stavrianidi AN, Baygildiev TM, Stekolshchikova EA, Shpigun OA, Rodin IA. New Approaches to the Determination and Group Identification of Physiologically Active Compounds in Plant Materials and Commercial Products by High-Performance Liquid Chromatography–Mass Spectrometry. JOURNAL OF ANALYTICAL CHEMISTRY 2019. [DOI: 10.1134/s1061934819010106] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Carrero-Carralero C, Rodríguez-Sánchez S, Calvillo I, Martínez-Castro I, Soria A, Ramos L, Sanz M. Gas chromatographic-based techniques for the characterization of low molecular weight carbohydrates and phenylalkanoid glycosides of Sedum roseum root supplements. J Chromatogr A 2018; 1570:116-125. [DOI: 10.1016/j.chroma.2018.07.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/06/2018] [Revised: 07/23/2018] [Accepted: 07/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
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Chen D, Sun H, Shen J, Igor LP, Zheng X, Hu S, Xiang Z. A Simple and Rapid UPLC Method for the Determination of Rosavin in Rat Plasma and Its Application to a Pharmacokinetic Study. J Chromatogr Sci 2016; 54:1166-70. [DOI: 10.1093/chromsci/bmw044] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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A pH-responsive nano-carrier with mesoporous silica nanoparticles cores and poly(acrylic acid) shell-layers: Fabrication, characterization and properties for controlled release of salidroside. Int J Pharm 2013; 446:153-9. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ijpharm.2013.01.071] [Citation(s) in RCA: 105] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2012] [Revised: 12/17/2012] [Accepted: 01/30/2013] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
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Stavrianidi A, Rodin I, Braun A, Shpigun O. The use of linear ion trap for qualitative analysis of phytochemicals in Korean ginseng tea. Biomed Chromatogr 2012; 27:765-74. [DOI: 10.1002/bmc.2857] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/27/2012] [Accepted: 11/13/2012] [Indexed: 11/09/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Andrey Stavrianidi
- Chemistry Department; Lomonosov Moscow State University; 119991; Moscow; Russia
| | - Igor Rodin
- Chemistry Department; Lomonosov Moscow State University; 119991; Moscow; Russia
| | - Arkady Braun
- Chemistry Department; Lomonosov Moscow State University; 119991; Moscow; Russia
| | - Oleg Shpigun
- Chemistry Department; Lomonosov Moscow State University; 119991; Moscow; Russia
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