1
|
Adeniyi ET, Kruppa M, De Benedetti S, Ludwig KC, Krisilia V, Wassenberg TR, Both M, Schneider T, Müller TJJ, Kalscheuer R. Synthesis of Bisindole Alkaloids and Their Mode of Action against Methicillin-Resistant Staphylococcus Aureus. ACS Infect Dis 2024; 10:1958-1969. [PMID: 38841740 DOI: 10.1021/acsinfecdis.3c00657] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/07/2024]
Abstract
About 100,000 deaths are attributed annually to infections with methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) despite concerted efforts toward vaccine development and clinical trials involving several preclinically efficacious drug candidates. This necessitates the development of alternative therapeutic options against this drug-resistant bacterial pathogen. Using the Masuda borylation-Suzuki coupling (MBSC) sequence, we previously synthesized and modified naturally occurring bisindole alkaloids, alocasin A, hyrtinadine A and scalaradine A, resulting in derivatives showing potent in vitro and in vivo antibacterial efficacy. Here, we report on a modified one-pot MBSC protocol for the synthesis of previously reported and several undescribed N-tosyl-protected bisindoles with anti-MRSA activities and moderate cytotoxicity against human monocytic and kidney cell lines. In continuation of the mode of action investigation of the previously synthesized membrane-permeabilizing hit compounds, mechanistic studies reveal that bisindoles impact the cytoplasmic membrane of Gram-positive bacteria by promiscuously interacting with lipid II and membrane phospholipids while rapidly dissipating membrane potential. The bactericidal and lipid II-interacting lead compounds 5c and 5f might be interesting starting points for drug development in the fight against MRSA.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Emmanuel T Adeniyi
- Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Biotechnology, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Marco Kruppa
- Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Stefania De Benedetti
- Institute for Pharmaceutical Microbiology, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Kevin C Ludwig
- Institute for Pharmaceutical Microbiology, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Violetta Krisilia
- Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Biotechnology, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Tobias R Wassenberg
- Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Melissa Both
- Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Tanja Schneider
- Institute for Pharmaceutical Microbiology, University Hospital Bonn, University of Bonn, 53115 Bonn, Germany
| | - Thomas J J Müller
- Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institute of Organic Chemistry and Macromolecular Chemistry, Universitätsstrasse 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| | - Rainer Kalscheuer
- Heinrich Heine University Düsseldorf, Faculty of Mathematics and Natural Sciences, Institute of Pharmaceutical Biology and Biotechnology, Universitätsstraße 1, 40225 Düsseldorf, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Molecular Dynamics Insight into the Lipid II Recognition by Type A Lantibiotics: Nisin, Epidermin, and Gallidermin. MICROMACHINES 2021; 12:mi12101169. [PMID: 34683220 PMCID: PMC8538299 DOI: 10.3390/mi12101169] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2021] [Revised: 09/24/2021] [Accepted: 09/25/2021] [Indexed: 01/21/2023]
Abstract
Lanthionine-containing peptides (lantibiotics) have been considered as pharmaceutical candidates for decades, although their clinical application has been restricted. Most lantibiotics kill bacteria via targeting and segregating of the cell wall precursor—membrane-inserted lipid II molecule—in some cases accompanied by pores formation. Nisin-like lantibiotics specifically bind to pyrophosphate (PPi) moiety of lipid II with their structurally similar N-terminal thioether rings A and B. Although possessing higher pore-forming capability, nisin, in some cases, is 10-fold less efficient in vivo as compared to related epidermin and gallidermin peptides, differing just in a few amino acid residues within their target-binding regions. Here, using molecular dynamics simulations, we investigated atomistic details of intermolecular interactions between the truncated analogues of these peptides (residues 1–12) and lipid II mimic (dimethyl pyrophosphate, DMPPi). The peptides adopt similar conformation upon DMPPi binding with backbone amide protons orienting into a single center capturing PPi moiety via simultaneous formation of up to seven hydrogen bonds. Epidermin and gallidermin adopt the complex-forming conformation twice as frequent as nisin does, enhancing the binding by the lysine 4 side chain. Introduction of the similar residue to nisin in silico improves the binding, providing ideas for further design of prototypic antibiotics.
Collapse
|