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Alshahrani S, Al-Majid AM, Alamary AS, Ali M, Altowyan MS, Ríos-Gutiérrez M, Yousuf S, Barakat A. Synthesis and Characterization of New Spirooxindoles Including Triazole and Benzimidazole Pharmacophores via [3+2] Cycloaddition Reaction: An MEDT Study of the Mechanism and Selectivity. Molecules 2023; 28:6976. [PMID: 37836817 PMCID: PMC10574610 DOI: 10.3390/molecules28196976] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/01/2023] [Revised: 10/01/2023] [Accepted: 10/04/2023] [Indexed: 10/15/2023] Open
Abstract
A new series of spirooxindoles based on benzimidazole, triazole, and isatin moieties were synthesized via a [3+2] cycloaddition reaction protocol in one step. The single X-ray crystal structure of the intermediate triazole-benzimidazole 4 was solved. The new chemical structures of these spirooxindole molecules have been achieved for the first time. The final synthesized chemical architecture has differently characterized electronic effects. An MEDT study of the key 32CA reaction between in situ generated azomethine ylide (AY) and chalcones explained the low reaction rates and the total selectivities observed. The supernucleophilic character of AY and the strong electrophilicity of chalcones favor these reactions through a highly polar two-stage one-step mechanism in which bond formation at the β-conjugated carbon of the chalcones is more advanced. The present combined experimental and theoretical study reports the synthesis of new spirooxindoles with potential biological activities and fully characterizes the molecular mechanisms for their formation through the key 32CA reaction step.
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Affiliation(s)
- Saeed Alshahrani
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.); (A.M.A.-M.); (A.S.A.); (M.A.)
| | - Abdullah Mohammed Al-Majid
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.); (A.M.A.-M.); (A.S.A.); (M.A.)
| | - Abdullah Saleh Alamary
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.); (A.M.A.-M.); (A.S.A.); (M.A.)
| | - Mohamed Ali
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.); (A.M.A.-M.); (A.S.A.); (M.A.)
| | - Mezna Saleh Altowyan
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, Princess Nourah bint Abdulrahman University, P.O. Box 84428, Riyadh 11671, Saudi Arabia;
| | - Mar Ríos-Gutiérrez
- Department of Organic Chemistry, University of Valencia, Dr. Moliner 50, 46100 Burjassot, Valencia, Spain;
| | - Sammer Yousuf
- H.E.J. Research Institute of Chemistry, International Centre for Chemical and Biological Sciences, University of Karachi, Karachi 75270, Pakistan;
| | - Assem Barakat
- Department of Chemistry, College of Science, King Saud University, P.O. Box 2455, Riyadh 11451, Saudi Arabia; (S.A.); (A.M.A.-M.); (A.S.A.); (M.A.)
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Patnam N, Chevula K, Chennamsetti P, Aleti B, Kotha AK, Manga V. Synthesis, antidiabetic activity and molecular docking studies of novel aryl benzylidenethiazolidine-2,4-dione based 1,2,3-triazoles. Mol Divers 2023:10.1007/s11030-023-10674-y. [PMID: 37326778 DOI: 10.1007/s11030-023-10674-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2023] [Accepted: 06/12/2023] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
A series of novel aryl benzylidenethiazolidine-2,4-dione based 1,2,3-triazoles synthesized in a straightforward route consisting of benzylidenethiazolidine-2,4-dione and 1,2,3-triazole pharmacophores. The new scaffolds tested for in vitro antidiabetic activity by inhibition of aldose reductase enzyme and its inhibition measured in half of Inhibition Concentration (IC50). The activity results correlated with standard reference Sorbinil (IC50: 3.45 ± 0.25 µM). Among all the titled compounds 8f (1.42 ± 0.21 µM), 8d (1.85 ± 0.39 µM), 13a (1.94 ± 0.27 µM) and 8b (1.98 ± 0.58 µM) shown potent activity. In addition, molecular docking results against the crystal structure of aldose reductase (PDB ID: 1PWM) revealed that the binding affinities shown by all synthesized compounds are higher than the reference compound Sorbinil. The docking scores, H-bond interactions, and hydrophobic interactions well defined inhibition strength of all compounds.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nagesh Patnam
- Molecular Modelling and Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500007, India
| | - Kishan Chevula
- Molecular Modelling and Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500007, India
| | - Prasad Chennamsetti
- Molecular Modelling and Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500007, India
| | - Balaswamy Aleti
- Molecular Modelling and Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500007, India
| | - Aruna Kumari Kotha
- Department of Sciences and Humanities, Matrusri Engineering College, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500059, India
| | - Vijjulatha Manga
- Molecular Modelling and Medicinal Chemistry Laboratory, Department of Chemistry, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500007, India.
- Telangana Mahila Viswavidyalayam, Hyderabad, Telangana, 500095, India.
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3
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Aitha S, Thumma V, Ambala S, Matta R, Panga S, Pochampally J. Bis 1, 2, 3‐ Triazoles Linked Deoxybenzoin Hybrids as Antimicrobial Agents: Synthesis, In Vitro and In Silico Screening. ChemistrySelect 2023. [DOI: 10.1002/slct.202300405] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 04/05/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Shalini Aitha
- Department of Chemistry Osmania University Hyderabad 500007 Telangana India
- Government Degree College for Women Karimnagar 505001 Telangana India
| | - Vishnu Thumma
- Department of Sciences and Humanities Matrusri Engineering College Hyderabad 500059 Telangana India
| | | | - Raghavender Matta
- Department of Chemistry Osmania University Hyderabad 500007 Telangana India
| | - Shyam Panga
- Dr. N. J. Paulbudhe College of Pharmacy Ahmednagar 414003 Maharashtra India
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4
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Shah BM, Modi P, Trivedi P. Recent Investigation on Synthetic ‘Triazoles’ Scaffold as Potential Pharmacological Agents: A Comprehensive Survey. CHEMISTRY AFRICA 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s42250-023-00617-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/21/2023]
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5
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Novel hybrid molecules based on triazole-quinoline as potential anticancer agents: screening on MCF-7 cell line, docking studies, and pharmacokinetics evaluation. JOURNAL OF THE IRANIAN CHEMICAL SOCIETY 2023. [DOI: 10.1007/s13738-022-02737-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/07/2023]
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6
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Kumar AK, Sunitha V, Ramesh G, Jeshma K. Development of New Molecular Entities as Potent Antifungal Agents: Synthesis of Substituted 1,2,3-Triazoles. RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2022. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070363221120264] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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7
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Jilloju SC, Jilloju PC, Jatavath M, Rao MA. Characterization and molecular docking studies of substituted 3-(2-benzylidenehydrazinyl)-6-phenyl-7H-[1,2,4]triazolo[3,4-b][1,3,4]thiadiazines synthesized via a one-pot, three-component reaction. J Mol Struct 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molstruc.2021.130403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
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Development of novel anti-infective and antioxidant azole hybrids using a wet and dry approach. Future Med Chem 2021; 13:975-991. [PMID: 33896215 DOI: 10.4155/fmc-2020-0321] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Considering emerging drug resistance in microbes, this work is focused on the synthesis of azole hybrids as novel antimicrobials. Materials & methods: The triazole derivatives were prepared using azide alkyne cycloaddition reaction. The antimicrobial potential of these compounds was evaluated by serial dilution method. Results: A series of azole hybrids containing benzimidazole-1,2,3-triazole skeleton was designed and synthesized via click reaction. Compound 4s showed notable antimicrobial activity against Staphylococcus aureus and Candida albicans (MIC 0.0165 μmol/ml), and 4q gives remarkable radical scavenging activity (IC50 0.0092 μmol/ml). The compounds 4a, 4k, 4o, 4s, 4x. 4m, 4n, 4s, 4t and 4x are commendable antibacterial and antifungal molecules, even better than established drugs. Molecular docking reveals that compound 4s binds with tyrosyl-tRNA synthetase residues through two H-bonds. Conclusion: Compounds 4s and 4k may be considered valuable lead compounds for further optimization as antimicrobial drugs.
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Bekheit MS, Mohamed HA, Abdel-Wahab BF, Fouad MA. Design and synthesis of new 1,4,5-trisubstituted triazole-bearing benzenesulphonamide moiety as selective COX-2 inhibitors. Med Chem Res 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s00044-021-02716-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022]
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10
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Stefanello FS, Kappenberg YG, Ketzer A, Franceschini SZ, Salbego PR, Acunha TV, Nogara PA, Rocha JB, Martins MA, Zanatta N, Iglesias BA, Bonacorso HG. New 1-(Spiro[chroman-2,1′-cycloalkan]-4-yl)-1H-1,2,3-Triazoles: Synthesis, QTAIM/MEP analyses, and DNA/HSA-binding assays. J Mol Liq 2021. [DOI: 10.1016/j.molliq.2020.114729] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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11
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Kumar AK, Sunitha V, Ramesh G, Jalapathi P. Synthesis and Antimicrobial Activity of Quinoxaline Based
1,2,3-Triazoles. RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070363220120257] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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12
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Synthesis and antibacterial activity of benzothiazole and benzoxazole-appended substituted 1,2,3-triazoles. J CHEM SCI 2020. [DOI: 10.1007/s12039-020-01844-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/20/2022]
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13
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Adardour M, Boutafda A, Hdoufane I, Aghraz A, Hafidi M, Zaballos-García E, Cherqaoui D, Baouid A. Efficient and simple synthesis of novel 1,2,3-triazolyl-linked benzimidazolone, molecular docking and evaluation of their antimicrobial activity. SYNTHETIC COMMUN 2020. [DOI: 10.1080/00397911.2020.1803913] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Mohamed Adardour
- Laboratory of Molecular Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, University of Cadi Ayyad, Marrakech, Morocco
| | - Aziz Boutafda
- Laboratory of Ecology and Environment–MARK Herbarium, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, University of Cadi Ayyad, Marrakech, Morocco
| | - Ismail Hdoufane
- Laboratory of Molecular Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, University of Cadi Ayyad, Marrakech, Morocco
| | - Abdellah Aghraz
- Laboratory of Biotechnology, Protection and Valorization of Plant Resources (URAC35 Association unit), Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, University of Cadi Ayyad, Marrakech, Morocco
| | - Mohamed Hafidi
- Laboratory of Ecology and Environment–MARK Herbarium, Department of Biology, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, University of Cadi Ayyad, Marrakech, Morocco
- Mohamed VI Polytechnic University (UM6P), Benguerir, Morocco
| | - Elena Zaballos-García
- Departamento de Quimica Organica, Facultad de Farmacia, Universidad de Valencia, Valencia, España
| | - Driss Cherqaoui
- Laboratory of Molecular Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, University of Cadi Ayyad, Marrakech, Morocco
| | - Abdesselam Baouid
- Laboratory of Molecular Chemistry, Department of Chemistry, Faculty of Sciences Semlalia, University of Cadi Ayyad, Marrakech, Morocco
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Synthesis and antidiabetic evaluation of benzimidazole‐tethered 1,2,3‐triazoles. Arch Pharm (Weinheim) 2020; 353:e2000090. [DOI: 10.1002/ardp.202000090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/27/2020] [Revised: 05/12/2020] [Accepted: 06/02/2020] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
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15
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Raghavender M, Kumar AK, Sunitha V, Vishnu T, Jalapathi P. Synthesis and Cytotoxicity of Chalcone Based 1,2,3-Triazole Derivatives. RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2020. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070363220040210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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16
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Kaushik CP, Luxmi R. Synthesis, antibacterial, and antioxidant activities of naphthyl‐linked disubstituted 1,2,3‐triazoles. J Heterocycl Chem 2020. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.3956] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/25/2023]
Affiliation(s)
| | - Raj Luxmi
- Department of ChemistryGuru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology Hisar India
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17
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Boshra AN, Abdu-Allah HHM, Mohammed AF, Hayallah AM. Click chemistry synthesis, biological evaluation and docking study of some novel 2'-hydroxychalcone-triazole hybrids as potent anti-inflammatory agents. Bioorg Chem 2019; 95:103505. [PMID: 31901755 DOI: 10.1016/j.bioorg.2019.103505] [Citation(s) in RCA: 29] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/29/2019] [Revised: 11/26/2019] [Accepted: 12/10/2019] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
A hybrid pharmacophore approach is used to design and synthesize two novel series of 2'-hydroxychalcone-triazole hybrid molecules 6a-j and 8a-j. These compounds were fully characterized by spectral and elemental analyses. They were evaluated in vitro and in vivo for anti-inflammatory activity. Most of compounds were selective inhibitors for COX-2. Among them, compounds 6d, 6f, 6i, 8c, 8e and 8h demonstrated highly potent dual inhibition of COX-2 (IC50 = 0.037-0.041 µM) and 15-LOX (IC50 = 1.41-1.80 µM). Compounds 6i, 8c and 8h showed 116%, 113% and 109% of the in vivo anti-inflammatory activity of celecoxib. Therefore, compounds 6d, 6f, 6i, 8c, 8e and 8h-j are potent dual inhibitors of COX-2 and 15-LOX. Docking study over COX-2 and 15-LOX active sites ensures the binding affinity and selectivity. These compounds are promising candidates for further development as anti-inflammatory drugs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Andrew N Boshra
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt
| | - Hajjaj H M Abdu-Allah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt.
| | - Anber F Mohammed
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt
| | - Alaa M Hayallah
- Department of Pharmaceutical Organic Chemistry, Faculty of Pharmacy, Assiut University, Assiut 71526, Egypt.
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Kaushik CP, Sangwan J, Luxmi R, Kumar K, Pahwa A. Synthetic Routes for 1,4-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazoles: A Review. CURR ORG CHEM 2019. [DOI: 10.2174/1385272823666190514074146] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/16/2023]
Abstract
N-Heterocyclic compounds like 1,2,3-triazoles serve as a key scaffolds among organic compounds having diverse applications in the field of drug discovery, bioconjugation, material science, liquid crystals, pharmaceutical chemistry and solid phase organic synthesis. Various drugs containing 1,2,3-triazole ring which are commonly available in market includes Rufinamide, Cefatrizine, Tazobactam etc., Stability to acidic/basic hydrolysis along with significant dipole moment support triazole moiety for appreciable participation in hydrogen bonding and dipole-dipole interactions with biological targets. Huisgen 1,3-dipolar azide-alkyne cycloaddition culminate into a mixture of 1,4 and 1,5- disubstituted 1,2,3-triazoles. In 2001, Sharpless and Meldal came across with a copper(I) catalyzed regioselective synthesis of 1,4-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazoles by cycloaddition between azides and terminal alkynes. This azide-alkyne cycloaddition has been labelled as a one of the important key click reaction. Click synthesis describes chemical reactions that are simple to perform, gives high selectivity, wide in scope, fast reaction rate and high yields. Click reactions are not single specific reaction, but serve as a pathway for construction of simple to complex molecules from a variety of starting materials. In the last few decades, 1,2,3-triazoles attracted attention of researchers all over the world because of their broad spectrum of biological activities. Keeping in view the biological importance of 1,2,3-triazole, in this review we focus on the various synthetic routes for the syntheisis of 1,4-disubstituted 1,2,3-triazoles. This review involves various synthetic protocols which involves copper and non-copper catalysts, different solvents as well as substrates. It will boost synthetic chemists to explore new pathway for the development of newer biologically active 1,2,3-triazoles.
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Affiliation(s)
- Chander P. Kaushik
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar, Haryana-125001, India
| | - Jyoti Sangwan
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar, Haryana-125001, India
| | - Raj Luxmi
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar, Haryana-125001, India
| | - Krishan Kumar
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar, Haryana-125001, India
| | - Ashima Pahwa
- Department of Chemistry, Guru Jambheshwar University of Science & Technology, Hisar, Haryana-125001, India
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Sunitha V, Kumar AK, Shankaraiah P, Jalapathi P, Lincoln CA. Synthesis and Antibacterial Evaluation of Benzofuran Based Di-1,2,3-triazoles. RUSS J GEN CHEM+ 2018. [DOI: 10.1134/s1070363218070265] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
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20
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Ahirwar J, Ahirwar D, Lanjhiyana S, Jha AK, Dewangan D, Badwaik H. Analgesic and Anti-inflammatory Potential of Merged Pharmacophore Containing 1,2,4-triazoles and Substituted Benzyl Groups via
Thio Linkage. J Heterocycl Chem 2018. [DOI: 10.1002/jhet.3258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/05/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- J. Ahirwar
- Division of Pharmacy; Chouksey Engineering College; Bilaspur Chhattisgarh India
| | - D. Ahirwar
- Division of Pharmacy; Chouksey Engineering College; Bilaspur Chhattisgarh India
| | - S. Lanjhiyana
- Division of Pharmacy; Chouksey Engineering College; Bilaspur Chhattisgarh India
| | - A. K. Jha
- Shri Shankaracharya Institute of Pharmaceutical Science; Bhilai Chhattisgarh India
| | - D. Dewangan
- Rungta College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research; Bhilai Chhattisgarh India
| | - H. Badwaik
- Rungta College of Pharmaceutical Sciences and Research; Bhilai Chhattisgarh India
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Bhookya S, Pochampally J, Valeru A, Sunitha V, Balabadra S, Manga V, Kudle KR. Synthesis of tert-butyl (substituted benzamido)phenylcarbamate derivatives: anti-inflammatory activity and docking studies. J Chem Biol 2017; 10:105-115. [PMID: 28684997 PMCID: PMC5480262 DOI: 10.1007/s12154-017-0168-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/08/2017] [Accepted: 03/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/15/2023] Open
Abstract
A series of new tert-butyl 2-(substituted benzamido) phenylcarbamate (4a-4j) were synthesized by the condensation of tert-butyl 2-amino phenylcarbamate (3) with various substituted carboxylic acid in the presence of EDCI and HOBt as coupling reagent, obtain in excellent yields. The structures of all newly synthesized compounds were characterized spectroscopically and evaluated for in vivo anti-inflammatory activity compared to the standard drug, indomethacin, by using the carrageenan-induced rat paw edema protocol. Most of the compounds exhibited a promising anti-inflammatory activity within 9 to 12 h, the percentage of inhibition values ranging from 54.239 to 39.021%. The results revealed that the compounds 4i and 4a exhibited better or equivalent anti-inflammatory activity with the percentage of inhibition of 54.239 and 54.130%, respectively, which was comparable to standard drug. In addition to experimental results, in silico docking studies was used as a tool to verify and expand the experimental outcomes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shankar Bhookya
- Department of Chemistry, University College of Science, Osmania University, Saifabad, Hyderabad, 500004 India
| | - Jalapathi Pochampally
- Department of Chemistry, University College of Science, Osmania University, Saifabad, Hyderabad, 500004 India
| | - Anil Valeru
- Department of Chemistry, University College of Science, Osmania University, Saifabad, Hyderabad, 500004 India
| | - Vianala Sunitha
- Department of Chemistry, University College of Science, Osmania University, Saifabad, Hyderabad, 500004 India
| | - Saikrishna Balabadra
- MMMC Group, Department of Chemistry, University College of Science, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana 500007 India
| | - Vijjulatha Manga
- MMMC Group, Department of Chemistry, University College of Science, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana 500007 India
| | - Karunakar rao Kudle
- Department of Biochemistry, University College of Science, Osmania University, Hyderabad, Telangana 500007 India
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