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Nowosad J, Kujawa R, Sherzada S, Kucharczyk D, Mikiewicz M, Dryl K, Kapusta A, Łuczyńska J, Abdel-Latif HMR. Histomorphological and Dynamical Changes in Female River Lampreys during Maturation under Controlled Conditions as a Part of Lamprey Restoration Programs. Animals (Basel) 2024; 14:2516. [PMID: 39272301 PMCID: PMC11394153 DOI: 10.3390/ani14172516] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2024] [Revised: 08/25/2024] [Accepted: 08/26/2024] [Indexed: 09/15/2024] Open
Abstract
More than 40 species of lampreys (Petromyzontiformes) are known worldwide. Some of them are parasitic and feed on the blood of fish or other aquatic animals. Lampreys spawn once in their lifetime, after which they die. One of the representatives of the ichthyofauna of European rivers is the river lamprey, Lampetra fluviatilis. The river lamprey is now an endangered species due to loss and degradation of their habitats. The present study investigated gonadal development without hormonal stimulation in female river lampreys during puberty under controlled conditions for a period of seven months. Female river lampreys were kept in conditions that mimicked the natural environment. During the November-May period, samples were taken monthly to determine the extent of gonadal development and gastrointestinal and liver changes using histological examination. From the results obtained, the dynamical changes were determined for the following: gonadosomatic index (GSI; %), hepatosomatic index (his; %), and digestivesomatic index (DSI; %). With the gonadal development of female lampreys, an increase in GSI (7-23%; November-May) and a decrease in DSI (0.4-0.1%; November-May) histological changes were observed in the gonads (oocyte development), intestines (over time, decreased lipid vacuoles and enterocyte apoptosis), and in the liver (decreased lipid vacuoles and hepatocyte apoptosis over time) and in the digestive system resulting from its degradation. Also, it was observed that there was a change in the color of the liver to green in April. This study demonstrated the key role of the liver in the oocyte maturation process in this species.
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Affiliation(s)
- Joanna Nowosad
- Department of Research and Development, Chemprof, 11-041 Olsztyn, Poland
- Department of Ichthyology, Hydrobiology and Aquatic Ecology, National Inland Fisheries Research Institute,10-718 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Roman Kujawa
- Department of Ichthyology and Aquaculture, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-720 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Shahid Sherzada
- Department of Zoology, Government College University, Lahore 54000, Pakistan
| | - Dariusz Kucharczyk
- Department of Research and Development, Chemprof, 11-041 Olsztyn, Poland
- Department of Ichthyology and Aquaculture, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-720 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Mateusz Mikiewicz
- Department of Pathological Anatomy, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, 10-719 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Katarzyna Dryl
- Department of Gamete and Embryo Biology, Institute of Animal Reproduction and Food Research, Polish Academy of Sciences, 10-243 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Andrzej Kapusta
- Department of Ichthyology, Hydrobiology and Aquatic Ecology, National Inland Fisheries Research Institute,10-718 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Joanna Łuczyńska
- Department of Commodity and Food Analysis, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, ul. Plac Cieszyński 1, 10-726 Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Hany M R Abdel-Latif
- Department of Poultry and Fish Diseases, Faculty of Veterinary Medicine, Alexandria University, Alexandria 22758, Egypt
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Biliary Atresia Animal Models: Is the Needle in a Haystack? Int J Mol Sci 2022; 23:ijms23147838. [PMID: 35887185 PMCID: PMC9324346 DOI: 10.3390/ijms23147838] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/28/2022] [Revised: 07/11/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
Biliary atresia (BA) is a progressive fibro-obliterative process with a variable degree of inflammation involving the hepatobiliary system. Its consequences are incalculable for the patients, the affected families, relatives, and the healthcare system. Scientific communities have identified a rate of about 1 case per 10,000-20,000 live births, but the percentage may be higher, considering the late diagnoses. The etiology is heterogeneous. BA, which is considered in half of the causes leading to orthotopic liver transplantation, occurs in primates and non-primates. To consolidate any model, (1) more transport and cell membrane studies are needed to identify the exact mechanism of noxa-related hepatotoxicity; (2) an online platform may be key to share data from pilot projects and new techniques; and (3) the introduction of differentially expressed genes may be useful in investigating the liver metabolism to target the most intricate bilio-toxic effects of pharmaceutical drugs and toxins. As a challenge, such methodologies are still limited to very few centers, making the identification of highly functional animal models like finding a "needle in a haystack". This review compiles models from the haystack and hopes that a combinatorial search will eventually be the root for a successful pathway.
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Salin K, Villasevil EM, Auer SK, Anderson GJ, Selman C, Metcalfe NB, Chinopoulos C. Simultaneous measurement of mitochondrial respiration and ATP production in tissue homogenates and calculation of effective P/O ratios. Physiol Rep 2016; 4:e13007. [PMID: 27798358 PMCID: PMC5099967 DOI: 10.14814/phy2.13007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/22/2016] [Accepted: 09/23/2016] [Indexed: 01/30/2023] Open
Abstract
The use of tissue homogenate has greatly aided the study of the functioning of mitochondria. However, the amount of ATP produced per oxygen molecule consumed, that is, the effective P/O ratio, has never been measured directly in tissue homogenate. Here we combine and refine existing methods previously used in permeabilized cells and isolated mitochondria to simultaneously measure mitochondrial ATP production (JATP) and oxygen consumption (JO2) in tissue homogenate. A major improvement over existing methods is in the control of ATPases that otherwise interfere with the ATP assay: our modified technique facilitates simultaneous measurement of the rates of "uncorrected" ATP synthesis and of ATP hydrolysis, thus minimizing the amount of tissue and time needed. Finally, we develop a novel method of calculating effective P/O ratios which corrects measurements of JATP and JO2 for rates of nonmitochondrial ATP hydrolysis and respiration, respectively. Measurements of JATP and JO2 in liver homogenates from brown trout (Salmo trutta) were highly reproducible, although activity declined once homogenates were 2 h old. We compared mitochondrial properties from fed and food-deprived animals to demonstrate that the method can detect mitochondrial flexibility in P/O ratios in response to nutritional state. This method simplifies studies examining the mitochondrial bioenergetics of tissue homogenates, obviating the need for differential centrifugation or chemical permeabilization and avoiding the use of nonmitochondrial ATPase inhibitors. We conclude that our approach for characterizing effective P/O ratio opens up new possibilities in the study of mitochondrial function in very small samples, where the use of other methods is limited.
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Affiliation(s)
- Karine Salin
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Eugenia M Villasevil
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Sonya K Auer
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Graeme J Anderson
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Colin Selman
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Neil B Metcalfe
- Institute of Biodiversity, Animal Health and Comparative Medicine, University of Glasgow, Glasgow, UK
| | - Christos Chinopoulos
- Department of Medical Biochemistry, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- MTA-SE Lendület Neurobiochemistry Research Group, Budapest, Hungary
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Belyaeva EA, Emelyanova LV, Korotkov SM, Brailovskaya IV, Savina MV. On the mechanism(s) of membrane permeability transition in liver mitochondria of lamprey, Lampetra fluviatilis L.: insights from cadmium. BIOMED RESEARCH INTERNATIONAL 2014; 2014:691724. [PMID: 24995321 PMCID: PMC4065708 DOI: 10.1155/2014/691724] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/28/2014] [Revised: 04/29/2014] [Accepted: 05/01/2014] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Previously we have shown that opening of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore in its low conductance state is the case in hepatocytes of the Baltic lamprey (Lampetra fluviatilis L.) during reversible metabolic depression taking place in the period of its prespawning migration when the exogenous feeding is switched off. The depression is observed in the last year of the lamprey life cycle and is conditioned by reversible mitochondrial dysfunction (mitochondrial uncoupling in winter and coupling in spring). To further elucidate the mechanism(s) of induction of the mitochondrial permeability transition pore in the lamprey liver, we used Cd(2+) and Ca(2+) plus Pi as the pore inducers. We found that Ca(2+) plus Pi induced the high-amplitude swelling of the isolated "winter" mitochondria both in isotonic sucrose and ammonium nitrate medium while both low and high Cd(2+) did not produce the mitochondrial swelling in these media. Low Cd(2+) enhanced the inhibition of basal respiration rate of the "winter" mitochondria energized by NAD-dependent substrates whereas the same concentrations of the heavy metal evoked its partial stimulation on FAD-dependent substrates. The above changes produced by Cd(2+) or Ca(2+) plus Pi in the "winter" mitochondria were only weakly (if so) sensitive to cyclosporine A (a potent pharmacological desensitizer of the nonselective pore) added alone and they were not sensitive to dithiothreitol (a dithiol reducing agent). Under monitoring of the transmembrane potential of the "spring" lamprey liver mitochondria, we revealed that Cd(2+) produced its decrease on both types of the respiratory substrates used that was strongly hampered by cyclosporine A, and the membrane potential was partially restored by dithiothreitol. The effects of different membrane permeability modulators on the lamprey liver mitochondria function and the seasonal changes in their action are discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Elena A. Belyaeva
- I.M. Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Thorez pr. 44, Saint Petersburg 194223, Russia
| | - Larisa V. Emelyanova
- I.M. Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Thorez pr. 44, Saint Petersburg 194223, Russia
| | - Sergey M. Korotkov
- I.M. Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Thorez pr. 44, Saint Petersburg 194223, Russia
| | - Irina V. Brailovskaya
- I.M. Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Thorez pr. 44, Saint Petersburg 194223, Russia
| | - Margarita V. Savina
- I.M. Sechenov Institute of Evolutionary Physiology and Biochemistry, Russian Academy of Sciences, Thorez pr. 44, Saint Petersburg 194223, Russia
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