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Bashinskiy IW, Dgebuadze YY, Sushchik NN, Osipov VV, Gladyshev MI. Spadefoot Pelobates vespertinus (Amphibia, Pelobatidae) as a transmitter of fatty acids from water to land in a forest-steppe floodplain. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2023; 877:162819. [PMID: 36931523 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2023.162819] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/12/2023] [Revised: 03/06/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
The transfer of biomass and polyunsaturated fatty acids by the spadefoot P. vespertinus (previously subspecies of P. fuscus) from aquatic to terrestrial ecosystems was studied for five years in small floodplain water bodies of a forest-steppe zone. Average emergence of metamorphs from unit of water area, wet mass was 6.7 g m-2 year-1. A ratio of the emergence to biomass was calculated and represented as E/B coefficient (an analog of P/B production/biomass coefficient). The average E/B was found to be 0.038 year-1. The introduced coefficient can be used for a coarse estimation of the emergence on the basis of tadpole biomass measurements. A considerable partitioning of tadpoles and metamorphs in the composition of fatty acids in their biomass was revealed. Tadpoles had significantly higher mean levels (percent of total fatty acids) of 16:0, 16:1n-9, 18:0, 20:5n-3 and 22:5n-3, while metamorphs had significantly higher levels of 14:0, 15:0, 17:0, 17:1n-8, 18:2n-6, 20:2n-6, 20:4n-6 and 22:5n-6, likely due to the shifting to terrestrial food. Metamorphs had significantly higher content of total fatty acids, mg g-1 of wet weight, and, in spite of lower level, they had significantly higher content of eicosapentaenoic acid (20:5n-3, EPA) than tadpoles. Metamorphs also had significantly higher content of docosahexaenoic acid (22:6n-3, DHA) and sum of EPA + DHA than tadpoles. Average flux of EPA + DHA from unit of water area with metamorphs was 3.27 mg m-2 year-1. The metamorphs appeared to be qualitatively and quantitatively prominent prey for a number of terrestrial consumers.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivan W Bashinskiy
- Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119071, Leninsky pr. 33, Moscow, Russia.
| | - Yury Yu Dgebuadze
- Severtsov Institute of Ecology and Evolution, Russian Academy of Sciences, 119071, Leninsky pr. 33, Moscow, Russia; Lomonosov Moscow State University, Moscow, Russia
| | - Nadezhda N Sushchik
- Institute of Biophysics, Federal Research Center "Krasnoyarsk Scientific Center" of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Akademgorodok, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia; Siberian Federal University, Svobodny av. 79, Krasnoyarsk, 660041, Russia
| | - Vitaly V Osipov
- State Nature Reserve Privolzhskaya, Lesostep, 440031, Penza, Okruzhnaya 12A, Russia; Saratov Branch of Russian Federal Research Institute of Fisheries and Oceanography, Chernyshevskogo 152, Saratov 410002, Russia
| | - Michail I Gladyshev
- Institute of Biophysics, Federal Research Center "Krasnoyarsk Scientific Center" of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Akademgorodok, Krasnoyarsk 660036, Russia; Siberian Federal University, Svobodny av. 79, Krasnoyarsk, 660041, Russia
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Huckembeck S, Winemiller KO, Loebmann D, Garcia AM. Trophic structure of frog assemblages in coastal habitats in southern Brazil. AUSTRAL ECOL 2020. [DOI: 10.1111/aec.12920] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Sônia Huckembeck
- Oceanography Institute; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande; Campus Carreiros: Av. Itália km 8 Rio Grande Rio Grande do Sul 96203-900 Brazil
| | - Kirk O. Winemiller
- Department of Ecology and Conservation Biology; Texas A&M University; College Station Texas USA
| | - Daniel Loebmann
- Biological Science Institute; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande; Rio Grande Rio Grande do Sul Brazil
| | - Alexandre M. Garcia
- Oceanography Institute; Universidade Federal do Rio Grande; Campus Carreiros: Av. Itália km 8 Rio Grande Rio Grande do Sul 96203-900 Brazil
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Preliminary estimation of the export of omega-3 polyunsaturated fatty acids from aquatic to terrestrial ecosystems in biomes via emergent insects. ECOLOGICAL COMPLEXITY 2019. [DOI: 10.1016/j.ecocom.2019.03.007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/18/2022]
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Makhutova ON, Borisova EV, Shulepina SP, Kolmakova AA, Sushchik NN. Fatty acid composition and content in chironomid species at various life stages dominating in a saline Siberian lake. CONTEMP PROBL ECOL+ 2017. [DOI: 10.1134/s1995425517030064] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Martin-Creuzburg D, Kowarik C, Straile D. Cross-ecosystem fluxes: Export of polyunsaturated fatty acids from aquatic to terrestrial ecosystems via emerging insects. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2017; 577:174-182. [PMID: 27810302 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2016.10.156] [Citation(s) in RCA: 26] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/31/2016] [Revised: 09/30/2016] [Accepted: 10/20/2016] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
Cross-ecosystem fluxes can crucially influence the productivity of adjacent habitats. Emerging aquatic insects represent one important pathway through which freshwater-derived organic matter can enter terrestrial food webs. Aquatic insects may be of superior food quality for terrestrial consumers because they contain high concentrations of essential polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). We quantified the export of PUFA via emerging insects from a midsize, mesotrophic lake. Insects were collected using emergence traps installed above different water depths and subjected to fatty acid analyses. Insect emergence from different depth zones and seasonal mean fatty acid concentrations in different insect groups were used to estimate PUFA fluxes. In total, 80.5mg PUFA m-2yr-1 were exported, of which 32.8mgm-2yr-1 were eicosapentaenoic acid (EPA), 7.8mgm-2yr-1 were arachidonic acid (ARA), and 2.6mgm-2yr-1 were docosahexaenoic acid (DHA). While Chironomidae contributed most to insect biomass and total PUFA export, Chaoborus flavicans contributed most to the export of EPA, ARA, and especially DHA. The export of total insect biomass from one square meter declined with depth and the timing at which 50% of total insect biomass emerged was correlated with the water depths over which the traps were installed, suggesting that insect-mediated PUFA fluxes are strongly affected by lake morphometry. Applying a conceptual model developed to assess insect deposition rates on land to our insect-mediated PUFA export data revealed an average total PUFA deposition rate of 150mgm-2yr-1 within 100m inland from the shore. We propose that PUFA export can be reliably estimated using taxon-specific information on emergent insect biomass and seasonal mean body PUFA concentrations of adult insects provided here. Our data indicate that insect-mediated PUFA fluxes from lakes are substantial, implying that freshwater-derived PUFA can crucially influence food web processes in adjacent terrestrial habitats.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Carmen Kowarik
- Limnological Institute, University of Konstanz, Mainaustrasse 252, 78464 Konstanz, Germany.
| | - Dietmar Straile
- Limnological Institute, University of Konstanz, Mainaustrasse 252, 78464 Konstanz, Germany.
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Popova ON, Haritonov AY, Anishchenko OV, Gladyshev MI. Export of biomass and metals from aquatic to terrestrial ecosystems via the emergence of dragonflies (Insecta: Odonata). CONTEMP PROBL ECOL+ 2016. [DOI: 10.1134/s1995425516040090] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Borisova EV, Makhutova ON, Gladyshev MI, Sushchik NN. Fluxes of biomass and essential polyunsaturated fatty acids from water to land via chironomid emergence from a mountain lake. CONTEMP PROBL ECOL+ 2016. [DOI: 10.1134/s199542551604003x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Silina AE. Emergence of amphibiotic insects from a floodplain lake in the Usman Forest in the Central Russian forest steppe. CONTEMP PROBL ECOL+ 2016. [DOI: 10.1134/s1995425516040107] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Gladyshev MI, Popova ON, Makhutova ON, Zinchenko TD, Golovatyuk LV, Yurchenko YA, Kalachova GS, Krylov AV, Sushchik NN. Comparison of fatty acid compositions in birds feeding in aquatic and terrestrial ecosystems. CONTEMP PROBL ECOL+ 2016. [DOI: 10.1134/s1995425516040065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Schulz R, Bundschuh M, Gergs R, Brühl CA, Diehl D, Entling MH, Fahse L, Frör O, Jungkunst HF, Lorke A, Schäfer RB, Schaumann GE, Schwenk K. Review on environmental alterations propagating from aquatic to terrestrial ecosystems. THE SCIENCE OF THE TOTAL ENVIRONMENT 2015; 538:246-61. [PMID: 26311581 DOI: 10.1016/j.scitotenv.2015.08.038] [Citation(s) in RCA: 50] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2015] [Revised: 08/10/2015] [Accepted: 08/10/2015] [Indexed: 05/24/2023]
Abstract
Terrestrial inputs into freshwater ecosystems are a classical field of environmental science. Resource fluxes (subsidy) from aquatic to terrestrial systems have been less studied, although they are of high ecological relevance particularly for the receiving ecosystem. These fluxes may, however, be impacted by anthropogenically driven alterations modifying structure and functioning of aquatic ecosystems. In this context, we reviewed the peer-reviewed literature for studies addressing the subsidy of terrestrial by aquatic ecosystems with special emphasis on the role that anthropogenic alterations play in this water-land coupling. Our analysis revealed a continuously increasing interest in the coupling of aquatic to terrestrial ecosystems between 1990 and 2014 (total: 661 studies), while the research domains focusing on abiotic (502 studies) and biotic (159 studies) processes are strongly separated. Approximately 35% (abiotic) and 25% (biotic) of the studies focused on the propagation of anthropogenic alterations from the aquatic to the terrestrial system. Among these studies, hydromorphological and hydrological alterations were predominantly assessed, whereas water pollution and invasive species were less frequently investigated. Less than 5% of these studies considered indirect effects in the terrestrial system e.g. via food web responses, as a result of anthropogenic alterations in aquatic ecosystems. Nonetheless, these very few publications indicate far-reaching consequences in the receiving terrestrial ecosystem. For example, bottom-up mediated responses via soil quality can cascade over plant communities up to the level of herbivorous arthropods, while top-down mediated responses via predatory spiders can cascade down to herbivorous arthropods and even plants. Overall, the current state of knowledge calls for an integrated assessment on how these interactions within terrestrial ecosystems are affected by propagation of aquatic ecosystem alterations. To fill these gaps, we propose a scientific framework, which considers abiotic and biotic aspects based on an interdisciplinary approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ralf Schulz
- Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau, Landau, Germany.
| | - Mirco Bundschuh
- Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau, Landau, Germany; Department of Aquatic Sciences and Assessment, Swedish University of Agricultural Sciences, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - René Gergs
- Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau, Landau, Germany; Federal Environment Agency, Berlin, Germany
| | - Carsten A Brühl
- Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau, Landau, Germany
| | - Dörte Diehl
- Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau, Landau, Germany
| | - Martin H Entling
- Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau, Landau, Germany
| | - Lorenz Fahse
- Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau, Landau, Germany
| | - Oliver Frör
- Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau, Landau, Germany
| | - Hermann F Jungkunst
- Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau, Landau, Germany
| | - Andreas Lorke
- Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau, Landau, Germany
| | - Ralf B Schäfer
- Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau, Landau, Germany
| | - Gabriele E Schaumann
- Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau, Landau, Germany
| | - Klaus Schwenk
- Institute for Environmental Sciences, University of Koblenz-Landau, Landau, Germany
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Finke MD. Complete nutrient content of four species of commercially available feeder insects fed enhanced diets during growth. Zoo Biol 2015; 34:554-64. [PMID: 26366856 DOI: 10.1002/zoo.21246] [Citation(s) in RCA: 115] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/24/2015] [Revised: 08/19/2015] [Accepted: 08/31/2015] [Indexed: 12/26/2022]
Abstract
Commercially raised feeder insects used to feed captive insectivores are a good source of many nutrients but are deficient in several key nutrients. Current methods used to supplement insects include dusting and gut-loading. Here, we report on the nutrient composition of four species of commercially raised feeder insects fed a special diet to enhance their nutrient content. Crickets, mealworms, superworms, and waxworms were analyzed for moisture, crude protein, fat, ash, acid detergent fiber, total dietary fiber, minerals, amino acids, fatty acids, vitamins, taurine, carotenoids, inositol, and cholesterol. All four species contained enhanced levels of vitamin E and omega 3 fatty acids when compared to previously published data for these species. Crickets, superworms, and mealworms contained β-carotene although using standard conversion factors only crickets and superworms would likely contain sufficient vitamin A activity for most species of insectivores. Waxworms did not contain any detectable β-carotene but did contain zeaxanthin which they likely converted from dietary β-carotene. All four species contained significant amounts of both inositol and cholesterol. Like previous reports all insects were a poor source of calcium and only superworms contained vitamin D above the limit of detection. When compared to the nutrient requirements as established by the NRC for growing rats or poultry, these species were good sources of most other nutrients although the high fat and low moisture content of both waxworms and superworms means when corrected for energy density these two species were deficient in more nutrients than crickets or mealworms. These data show the value of modifying the diet of commercially available insects as they are growing to enhance their nutrient content. They also suggest that for most insectivores properly supplemented lower fat insects such as crickets, or smaller mealworms should form the bulk of the diet.
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Sushchik NN, Yurchenko YA, Belevich OE, Kolmakova AA, Kalacheva GS, Gladyshev MI. The role of water bugs (Heteroptera) as a potential source of essential polyunsaturated fatty acids for terrestrial consumers in steppe and forest-steppe. DOKL BIOCHEM BIOPHYS 2015; 459:194-8. [DOI: 10.1134/s1607672914060040] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/10/2014] [Indexed: 11/23/2022]
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Production of EPA and DHA in aquatic ecosystems and their transfer to the land. Prostaglandins Other Lipid Mediat 2013; 107:117-26. [DOI: 10.1016/j.prostaglandins.2013.03.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 142] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2012] [Revised: 03/02/2013] [Accepted: 03/05/2013] [Indexed: 12/28/2022]
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Sushchik NN, Yurchenko YA, Gladyshev MI, Belevich OE, Kalachova GS, Kolmakova AA. Comparison of fatty acid contents and composition in major lipid classes of larvae and adults of mosquitoes (Diptera: Culicidae) from a steppe region. INSECT SCIENCE 2013; 20:585-600. [PMID: 23956110 DOI: 10.1111/j.1744-7917.2012.01582.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 17] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 08/18/2012] [Indexed: 06/02/2023]
Abstract
Emerging aquatic insects, including mosquitoes, are known to transfer to terrestrial ecosystems specific essential biochemicals, such as polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA). We studied fatty acid (FA) composition and contents of dominant mosquito populations (Diptera: Culicidae), that is, Anopheles messeae, Ochlerotatus caspius, Oc. flavescens, Oc. euedes, Oc. subdiversus, Oc. cataphylla, and Aedes cinereus, inhabited a steppe wetland of a temperate climate zone to fill up the gap in their lipid knowledge. The polar lipid and triacylglycerol fractions of larvae and adults were compared. In most studied mosquito species, we first found and identified a number of short-chain PUFA, for example, prominent 14:2n-6 and 14:3n-3, which were not earlier documented in living organisms. These PUFA, although occurred in low levels in adult mosquitoes, can be potentially used as markers of mosquito biomass in terrestrial food webs. We hypothesize that these acids might be synthesized (or retroconverted) by the mosquitoes. Using FA trophic markers accumulated in triacylglycerols, trophic relations of the mosquitoes were accessed. The larval diet comprised green algae, cryptophytes, and dinoflagellates and provided the mosquitoes with essential n-3 PUFA, linolenic, and eicosapentaenoic acids. As a result, both larvae and adults of the studied mosquitoes had comparatively high content of the essential PUFA. Comparison of FA proportions in polar lipids versus storage lipids shown that during mosquito metamorphosis transfer of essential eicosapentaenoic and arachidonic acids from the reserve in storage lipids of larvae to functional polar lipids in adults occurred.
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Affiliation(s)
- Nadezhda N Sushchik
- Institute of Biophysics of Siberian Branch of Russian Academy of Sciences, Akademgorodok, 50/50, Krasnoyarsk, Russia; Institute of Fundamental Biology and Biotechnology, Siberian Federal University, Krasnoyarsk, Russia
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