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Sv I, Ru O, Kn K, Ib A, Demorzhi MS, Ta G, Sb S. Low molecular weight NGF mimetic GK-2 normalizes the parameters of glucose and lipid metabolism and exhibits a hepatoprotective effect on a prediabetes model in obese Wistar rats. Clin Exp Pharmacol Physiol 2022; 49:1116-1125. [PMID: 35748804 DOI: 10.1111/1440-1681.13693] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/15/2021] [Revised: 01/13/2022] [Accepted: 06/19/2022] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
Abstract
Signs of metabolic syndrome and prediabetes preceding type 2 diabetes are modelled in an experiment using a high-fat diet (HFD). The aim of this work was to study the effect of a low molecular weight systemically active nerve growth factor mimetic, compound GK-2 (hexamethylenediamide bis(N-monosuccinyl-L-glutamyl-L-lysine)), on indicators of abdominal obesity, basal blood glucose level, glucose tolerance, cholesterol and triglyceride blood levels, as well as the morphological structure of the liver in male Wistar rats fed a HFD. Rats were divided into three groups: one of them received standard food (control) and two others were fed a HFD containing 45% fat, 35% carbohydrates and 20% protein, with a total caloric value of 516 kcal/100 g, over 12 weeks. Starting from the 9th week, for the next 4 weeks, one of the HFD groups was treated orally with saline whilst the other group was treated orally with GK-2 at a dose of 5 mg/kg. GK-2 was found to reduce the basal glycemia level and improve glucose tolerance, as well as to reduce the blood level of cholesterol by 30% and that of triglycerides by 28% in comparison with the saline-treated HFD animals. GK-2 reduced the degree of abdominal obesity to the level of the healthy animals and eliminated morphological abnormalities in the liver caused by the HFD. The results of the study determine the feasibility of further GK-2 research as a potential agent for prediabetes treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ivanov Sv
- V.V. Zakusov Research Institute of Pharmacology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Ostrovskaya Ru
- V.V. Zakusov Research Institute of Pharmacology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Kolyasnikova Kn
- V.V. Zakusov Research Institute of Pharmacology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Alchinova Ib
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow, Russia
| | - M S Demorzhi
- Institute of General Pathology and Pathophysiology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Gudasheva Ta
- V.V. Zakusov Research Institute of Pharmacology, Moscow, Russia
| | - Seredenin Sb
- V.V. Zakusov Research Institute of Pharmacology, Moscow, Russia
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Yagubova S, Zhanataev A, Ostrovskaya R, Anisina Е, Gudasheva Т, Durnev А, Seredenin S. Dimeric NGF Mimetic Attenuates Hyperglycaemia and DNA Damage in Mice with Streptozotocin-Induced Early-Stage Diabetes. Endocr Metab Immune Disord Drug Targets 2019; 20:453-463. [PMID: 31385776 DOI: 10.2174/1871530319666190806115623] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/26/2019] [Revised: 06/13/2019] [Accepted: 06/26/2019] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND NGF deficiency is one of the reasons for reduced β-cells survival in diabetes. Our previous experiments revealed the ability of low-weight NGF mimetic, GK-2, to reduce hyperglycaemia in a model of advanced diabetes. The increase in DNA damage in advanced diabetes was repeatedly reported, while there were no data about DNA damage in the initial diabetes. AIM The study aimed to establish whether DNA damage occurs in initial diabetes and whether GK-2 is able to overcome the damage. METHODS The early-stage diabetes was modelled in Balb/c mice by streptozotocin (STZ) (130 mg/kg, i.p.). GK-2 was administered at a dose of 0.5 mg/kg, i.p., subchronically. The evaluation of DNA damage was performed using the alkaline comet assay; the percentage of DNA in the tail (%TDNA) and the percentage of the atypical DNA comets ("ghost cells") were determined. RESULTS STZ at this subthreshold dose produced a slight increase in glycemia and MDA. Meanwhile, pronounced DNA damage was observed, concerning mostly the percentage of "ghost cells" in the pancreas, the liver and kidneys. GK-2 attenuated the degree of hyperglycaemia and reduced the % of "ghost cells" and %TDNA in all the organs examined; this effect continued after discontinuation of the therapy. CONCLUSION Early-stage diabetes is accompanied by DNA damage, manifested by the increase of "ghost cells" percentage. The severity of these changes significantly exceeds the degree of hyperglycaemia and MDA accumulation. GK-2 exerts an antihyperglycaemic effect and attenuates the degree of DNA damage. Our results indicate that the comet assay is a highly informative method for search of antidiabetic medicines.
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Affiliation(s)
- Svetlana Yagubova
- Laboratory of Psychopharmacology, FSBI "Zakusov Institute of Pharmacology", Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Aliy Zhanataev
- Laboratory of pharmacology and mutagenesis, FSBI "Zakusov Institute of Pharmacology", Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Rita Ostrovskaya
- Laboratory of Psychopharmacology, FSBI "Zakusov Institute of Pharmacology", Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Еlena Anisina
- Laboratory of pharmacology and mutagenesis, FSBI "Zakusov Institute of Pharmacology", Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Тatiana Gudasheva
- Department of Medicinal Chemistry, FSBI "Zakusov Institute of Pharmacology", Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Аndrey Durnev
- Laboratory of Drug Toxicology, FSBI "Zakusov Institute of Pharmacology", Moscow, Russian Federation
| | - Sergey Seredenin
- Department of Pharmacogenetics, FSBI "Zakusov Institute of Pharmacology", Moscow, Russian Federation
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Antidiabetic Properties of Low-Molecular-Weight BDNF Mimetics Depend on the Type of Activation of Post-Receptor Signaling Pathways. Bull Exp Biol Med 2018; 164:734-737. [DOI: 10.1007/s10517-018-4069-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/12/2017] [Indexed: 10/17/2022]
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Gudasheva TA, Ostrovskaya RU, Seredenin SB. Novel Technologies for Dipeptide Drugs Design and their Implantation. Curr Pharm Des 2018; 24:3020-3027. [PMID: 30295186 PMCID: PMC6302556 DOI: 10.2174/1381612824666181008105641] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2018] [Revised: 09/25/2018] [Accepted: 10/03/2018] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
The article is an overview of author's data obtained in the framework of the project "The Creation of dipeptide preparations" at the V.V. Zakusov Institute of Pharmacology, Moscow, Russia. Advantages of dipeptides over longer peptides consist in that they are orally active owing to higher stability and ability to penetrate biological barriers due to the presence of specific ATP-dependent transporters in enterocytes and blood-brain barrier. Two original approaches for dipeptide drugs design have been developed. Both of them are based on the idea of a leading role of central dipeptide fragment of the peptide chain beta-turn in the peptide-receptor interaction. The first approach, named "peptide drug-based design" represents the transformation of known nonpeptide drug into its dipeptide topological analog. The latter usually corresponds to a beta-turn of some regulatory peptide. The second approach represents the design of tripeptoide mimetic of the beta-turn of regulatory peptide or protein. The results of the studies, which led to the discovery of endogenous prototypes of the known non-peptide drugs piracetam and sulpiride, are presented herein. The paper discusses the process, based on the abovementioned principles, that was used in designing of nontoxic, orally available, highly effective dipeptide drugs: nootropic noopept, dipeptide analog of piracetam; antipsychotic dilept, neurotensin tripeptoid analog; selective anxiolytic GB-115, tripeptoid analog of CCK-4, and potential neuroprotector GK-2, homodimeric dipeptide analog of NGF.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tatiana A. Gudasheva
- Address correspondence to this author at the Medicinal chemistry department, V.V. Zakusov Research Institute of Pharmacology, ul. Baltijskaya, 8, 124315 Moscow, Russian Federation; E-mails: ;
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Gudasheva TA, Tarasiuk AV, Sazonova NM, Povarnina PY, Antipova TA, Seredenin SB. A novel dimeric dipeptide mimetic of the BDNF selectively activates the MAPK-Erk signaling pathway. DOKL BIOCHEM BIOPHYS 2017; 476:291-295. [PMID: 29101742 DOI: 10.1134/s1607672917050027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
On the basis of the structure of beta-turn of loop 2 of brain-derived neurotrophic factor (BDNF), its new dimeric dipeptide mimetic bis-(N-hexanoyl-L-seryl-L-lysine) hexamethylenediamide (GTS-201) was created. It activated TrkB and Erk, did not activate Akt, and exhibited neuroprotective activity in vitro at concentrations of 10-5-10-8 M. Unlike the mimetics that activate Erk and Akt, GTS-201 did not exhibit antidepressant properties. For the manifestation of the antidepressant activity of BDNF mimetics, the activation of its both major signaling pathways is required.
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Affiliation(s)
- T A Gudasheva
- Zakusov Research Institute of Pharmacology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, ul. Baltiiskaya 8, Moscow, 125315, Russia.
| | - A V Tarasiuk
- Zakusov Research Institute of Pharmacology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, ul. Baltiiskaya 8, Moscow, 125315, Russia
| | - N M Sazonova
- Zakusov Research Institute of Pharmacology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, ul. Baltiiskaya 8, Moscow, 125315, Russia
| | - P Yu Povarnina
- Zakusov Research Institute of Pharmacology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, ul. Baltiiskaya 8, Moscow, 125315, Russia
| | - T A Antipova
- Zakusov Research Institute of Pharmacology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, ul. Baltiiskaya 8, Moscow, 125315, Russia
| | - S B Seredenin
- Zakusov Research Institute of Pharmacology, Russian Academy of Medical Sciences, ul. Baltiiskaya 8, Moscow, 125315, Russia
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Kryzhanovskii SA, Antipova TA, Tsorin IB, Pekeldina ES, Stolyaruk VN, Nikolaev SV, Sorokina AV, Gudasheva TA, Seredenin SB. Angiogenic Effects of Dimeric Dipeptide Mimetic of Loop 4 of Nerve Growth Factor. Bull Exp Biol Med 2016; 161:513-7. [PMID: 27590760 DOI: 10.1007/s10517-016-3450-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/05/2015] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Abstract
Angiogenic action of compound GK-2, a dimeric dipeptide mimetic of loop 4 of nerve growth factor (NGF), was studied in in vitro and in vivo experiments. Experiments on human endothelial cell culture HUVEC showed that compound GK-2 significantly (p<0.05) stimulated the initial stage of angiogenesis, and its angiogenic activity was not inferior to the reference neurotrophin NGF. In experiments with hindlimb ischemia modeled in rats, GK-2 (1 mg/kg intraperitoneally for 14 days) significantly increased the total length of capillary vessels (p<0.003) and the number of vessels per 1 mm2 ischemic tissue (p<0.001) in comparison with the control. Our findings indicate that under experimental conditions compound GK-2 exhibits not only angiogenic, but also anti-ischemic activity.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - T A Antipova
- V. V. Zakusov Institute of Pharmacology, Moscow, Russia
| | - I B Tsorin
- V. V. Zakusov Institute of Pharmacology, Moscow, Russia
| | - E S Pekeldina
- V. V. Zakusov Institute of Pharmacology, Moscow, Russia
| | - V N Stolyaruk
- V. V. Zakusov Institute of Pharmacology, Moscow, Russia
| | - S V Nikolaev
- V. V. Zakusov Institute of Pharmacology, Moscow, Russia
| | - A V Sorokina
- V. V. Zakusov Institute of Pharmacology, Moscow, Russia
| | - T A Gudasheva
- V. V. Zakusov Institute of Pharmacology, Moscow, Russia
| | - S B Seredenin
- V. V. Zakusov Institute of Pharmacology, Moscow, Russia
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Seredenin SB, Gudasheva TA. [The development of a pharmacologically active low-molecular mimetic of the nerve growth factor]. Zh Nevrol Psikhiatr Im S S Korsakova 2015; 115:63-70. [PMID: 26356399 DOI: 10.17116/jnevro20151156163-70] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/12/2023]
Abstract
Authors present an overview of theirs author's works on the design of low-molecular mimetic of the nerve growth factor and studies of mechanisms of action and pharmacological properties of the compound. The original working hypothesis, underlying the design of the compound, posited that different neurotrophin hairpin loops could activate different signaling cascades by interaction with the receptor and so be responsible for different effects. The mimetic bis(N-succinyl-L-glutamyl-L-lysine)hexametylendiamide (GK-2), that was designed on the basis of NGF loop 4 β-turn sequence, activated TrkA and PI3K/Akt, but not MAPK/Erk. GK-2 showed neuroprotective activity in concentrations up to 10-9М against H(2)O(2) or glutamate or MPTP-induced neurotoxicity in РС12, НТ22 cells and primary rat hippocampal neurons. At that, GK-2 has no differentiating activity. In in vivo experiments, GK-2 exhibited significant anti-ischemic, anti-parkinsonic effect, reversed impaired cognitive functions in models of Alzheimer's disease in doses 0.01 - 5 mg/kg intraperitoneally and 5-10 mg/kg orally, but does not induce side effects accompanying the full-length neurotrophin treatment, which are hyperalgesia and weight loss. It was shown that GK-2 was a low-toxicity compound (LD50=700 mg/kg, intraperitoneally, mice) and capable of crossing the blood-brain barrier. The agent GK-2 is promising for development as a neuroprotective agent and is currently in preclinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- S B Seredenin
- Zakusov Research Institute of Pharmacology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow
| | - T A Gudasheva
- Zakusov Research Institute of Pharmacology, Russian Academy of Sciences, Moscow
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