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Klapper R, Karl H, Ostermeyer U. Intrinsic properties of anisakid nematode larvae as a potential tool for the detection in fish products. Int J Food Microbiol 2021; 343:109094. [PMID: 33621832 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijfoodmicro.2021.109094] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/11/2020] [Revised: 01/06/2021] [Accepted: 01/30/2021] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
Anisakid nematode larvae (NL) in fish products comprise a risk to human health and, if visible, lead to the rejection of these products by consumers. Therefore, great efforts are being made for the identification of these anisakid larvae to estimate the potential consumer health risk as well as to develop effective detection methods in order to prevent the introduction of heavily infected fish products into the market. The tasks of national reference laboratories include the improvement of detection methods and to promote their further development. As a prerequisite for improved detection, it is important to understand the structural properties of anisakid NL and compounds produced during host-parasite interactions. This review provides an overview of the intrinsic properties of anisakid NL and reports the latest detection methods in published literature. First, in order to define the potentially interesting intrinsic properties of anisakid nematodes for their detection, anatomy and compounds involved in host-parasite interactions are summarised. These can be used for various detection approaches, such as in the medical field or for allergen detection in fish products. In addition, fluorescence characteristics and their use as both established and promising candidates for detection methods, especially in the field of optical sensing technologies, are presented. Finally, different detection and identification methods applied by the fish processing industries and by control laboratories are listed. The review intends to highlight trends and provide suggestions for the development of improved detection and identification methods of anisakid NL in fish products.
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Affiliation(s)
- Regina Klapper
- Max Rubner-Institut, Federal Research Institute of Nutrition and Food, Department of Safety and Quality of Milk and Fish products, Palmaille 9, 22767 Hamburg, Germany; Present Address: Max Rubner-Institut, Federal Research Institute of Nutrition and Food, National Reference Centre for Authentic Food, Hermann-Weigmann-Str. 1, 24103 Kiel, Germany.
| | - Horst Karl
- Present Address: Max Rubner-Institut, Federal Research Institute of Nutrition and Food, National Reference Centre for Authentic Food, Hermann-Weigmann-Str. 1, 24103 Kiel, Germany
| | - Ute Ostermeyer
- Present Address: Max Rubner-Institut, Federal Research Institute of Nutrition and Food, National Reference Centre for Authentic Food, Hermann-Weigmann-Str. 1, 24103 Kiel, Germany
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Azaldegui C, Aguilar G, Enriquez S, Madonna C, Parish Fisher C, Burks R. Benzoic acid derivatives as luminescent sublimation dyes in cyanoacrylate fuming of latent fingerprints. J Forensic Sci 2021; 66:1085-1093. [PMID: 33547641 DOI: 10.1111/1556-4029.14678] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2020] [Revised: 12/21/2020] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/01/2022]
Abstract
Development of latent prints employing cyanoacrylate ester (CA) can be a multistep process including CA fuming and subsequent fluorescent staining to produce fingerprints of sufficient contrast for comparison work. To enable a single-step CA fuming-staining process, a selection of fluorophores have been developed as sublimation dyes in CA fuming. A greater array of such luminescent sublimation dyes would allow users greater flexibility in selecting a particular dye-CA combination to best suit their processing needs. Toward this end, six benzoic acid derivatives were evaluated for use as luminescent sublimation dyes under elementary CA fuming conditions using a single non-porous surface type and an inexpensive handheld UV lamp for excitation. Two benzoic acid derivatives, 2-hydroxybenzoic acid (salicylic acid) and 2-aminobenzoic acid (anthranilic acid), were identified as new potential luminescent sublimation dyes with stained fingerprints excited at 254 nm. The fluorescence intensity and stability of prints produced via the sublimation of CA with 2-hydroxybenzoic acid and 2-aminobenzoic acid were evaluated over approximately six weeks using image and statistical analysis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christopher Azaldegui
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, St. Edward's University, Austin, TX, USA.,Program in Chemical Biology, Life Sciences Institute, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, MI, USA
| | - Guadalupe Aguilar
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Natural Sciences, St. Edward's University, Austin, TX, USA.,Travis County Medical Examiner's Office, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Sarahi Enriquez
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, St. Edward's University, Austin, TX, USA.,Endeavor DNA, El Paso, TX, USA
| | - Chris Madonna
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, St. Edward's University, Austin, TX, USA.,North Texas Fire Academy, Rockwall, TX, USA
| | - Casie Parish Fisher
- Department of Forensic Science, School of Natural Sciences, St. Edward's University, Austin, TX, USA
| | - Raychelle Burks
- Department of Chemistry, School of Natural Sciences, St. Edward's University, Austin, TX, USA.,Department of Chemistry, College of Arts and Science, American University, Washington, DC, USA
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