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Abstract
Although first discovered in 1931, vitamin D has seen an increased interest in the scientific community over the past decades, including the dermatology field. Vitamin D promotes calcium and phosphorus absorption; however, the actions of vitamin D are not confined to bone. Indeed, there is now overwhelming and compelling scientific data that vitamin D plays a crucial role in a plethora of cellular function and in extra-skeletal health. Except for fatty fish livers, very few foods naturally contain vitamin D; and the major source of vitamin D comes from skin exposure to sunlight via ultraviolet B. Keratinocytes are unique in the body as not only do they provide the primary source of vitamin D for the body, but they also possess both the enzymatic machinery to metabolize the vitamin D produced to active metabolites. This has been referred to as the photoendocrine vitamin D system. Vitamin D regulates keratinocytes proliferation and differentiation; and plays a role in the defense against opportunistic infections. Multiple factors are linked to vitamin D status; and a growing number of dermatologic diseases has been linked to vitamin D status such as atopic dermatitis, psoriasis, vitiligo, and cutaneous cancers. In this article, we reviewed the potential determinants of vitamin D status, as its implications in dermatologic diseases.
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Affiliation(s)
- Christina Bergqvist
- Department of Dermatology, AP-HP, Henri Mondor University Hospital, Université Paris-Est Créteil, Créteil, France
| | - Khaled Ezzedine
- Department of Dermatology, AP-HP, Henri Mondor University Hospital, Université Paris-Est Créteil, Créteil, France - .,EA 7379 EpidermE, Université Paris-Est Créteil, Créteil, France
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Bagatini MD, Bertolin K, Bridi A, Pelinson LP, da Silva Rosa Bonadiman B, Pillat MM, Gonçalves PBD, Ulrich H, Schetinger MRC, Morsch VM. 1α, 25-Dihydroxyvitamin D3 alters ectonucleotidase expression and activity in human cutaneous melanoma cells. J Cell Biochem 2018; 120:9992-10000. [PMID: 30548323 DOI: 10.1002/jcb.28281] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/07/2018] [Accepted: 10/24/2018] [Indexed: 12/24/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE We hypothesized that vitamin D decreases rates of adenosine formation in human cutaneous melanoma cells through the inhibition of extracellular adenosine 5'-triphosphate breakdown, thereby affecting tumor cell viability. Therefore, the objective of this study was to explore the mechanisms of action of 1α, 25-dihydroxyvitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2 D3) on the activity and expression of ectonucleotidases in cutaneous melanoma cells. METHODS A human melanoma cell line, SK-Mel-28, was treated with 1 to 50 nM of the active vitamin D metabolite (1,25(OH)2 D3) over 24 hours, followed by determination of NTPDase1/CD39 and ecto-5'-nucleotidase/CD73 activity and expression rates of the purinergic system-related NTPDASE1, NT5E and adenosine deaminase and vitamin D receptor. An 3-(4,5-dimethyl-2-thiazolyl)-2,5-diphenyl-2H-tetrazolium bromide assay was used to evaluate cellular viability. RESULTS 1,25(OH)2 D3 decreased adenosine monophosphate hydrolysis via ecto-5'-nucleotidase/CD73 and expression of CD73, but did not change NTPDase1/CD39 activity; it increased the CD39 expression. We also observed an increase of cell viability at 1 nM, but this viability decreased as the concentrations of vitamin D active metabolite increased to 50 nM. There were no differences in gene expression levels. CONCLUSION To the best of our knowledge, we showed for the first time a mechanism of control of adenosine production via modulation of the purinergic system in cutaneous melanoma cells treated with the active metabolite of vitamin D. This study provides original information regarding mechanisms, in which vitamin D plays a key role in preventing tumor progression in human melanoma cells.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margarete Dulce Bagatini
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, Academic Coordination, Campus Chapecó, Federal University of Fronteira Sul, Chapecó, SC, Brazil.,Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, PPGBtox, CCNE, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Kalyne Bertolin
- Department of Large Animal, Clinical Sciences, Laboratory of Biotechnology and Animal Reproduction - BioRep, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Alessandra Bridi
- Department of Large Animal, Clinical Sciences, Laboratory of Biotechnology and Animal Reproduction - BioRep, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Luana Paula Pelinson
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, PPGBtox, CCNE, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | | | - Michele Mainardi Pillat
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | - Paulo Bayard Dias Gonçalves
- Department of Large Animal, Clinical Sciences, Laboratory of Biotechnology and Animal Reproduction - BioRep, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
| | - Henning Ulrich
- Department of Biochemistry, Institute of Chemistry, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, SP, Brazil
| | | | - Vera Maria Morsch
- Department of Biochemistry and Molecular Biology, PPGBtox, CCNE, Federal University of Santa Maria, Santa Maria, RS, Brazil
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Almesri N, Das NS, Ali ME, Gumaa K, Giha HA. Independent associations of polymorphisms in vitamin D binding protein (GC) and vitamin D receptor (VDR) genes with obesity and plasma 25OHD3 levels demonstrate sex dimorphism. Appl Physiol Nutr Metab 2015; 41:345-53. [PMID: 26881316 DOI: 10.1139/apnm-2015-0284] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
We investigated a possible association between polymorphisms in vitamin D binding protein (GC) and vitamin D receptor (VDR) genes and obesity in Bahraini adults. For this purpose, 406 subjects with varying body mass indexes (BMIs) were selected. Plasma levels of 25-hydroxyvitamin D3 (25OHD3) were measured by chemiluminescence immunoassay. Six single nucleotide polymorphisms, 2 in the VDR gene (rs731236 TC and rs12721377 AG) and 4 in the GC gene (rs2282679 AC, rs4588 CA, rs7041 GT, and rs2298849 TC), were genotyped by real-time polymerase chain reaction. We found that the rs7041 minor allele (G) and rare genotype (GG) were associated with higher BMI (p = 0.007 and p = 0.012, respectively), but they did not influence 25OHD3 levels. However, the minor alleles of rs2282679 (A) and rs4588 (C) were associated with low 25OHD3 plasma levels (p = 0.039 and p = 0.021, respectively), but not with BMI. Having categorized the subjects based on their sex, we found that (i) rs7041 GG associated with high BMI in females (p = 0.003), (ii) rs4588 CC associated with high BMI in females (p = 0.034) and low 25OHD3 levels in males (p = 0.009), and (iii) rs12721377 AA associated with low 25OHD3 levels in females (p = 0.039). Notably, none of the common haplotypes (6 in the GC gene and 3 in the VDR gene) were associated with BMI. Therefore, polymorphisms in the GC (rs2282679, rs4588, rs7041) and VDR (rs12721377) genes were independently associated with obesity and 25OHD3 levels with a clear sex dimorphism.
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Affiliation(s)
- Norah Almesri
- a Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences (CMMS), Arabian Gulf University (AGU), PO Box 26671, Manama, Bahrain
| | - Nagalla S Das
- b Clinical Chemistry Laboratory, Salmaniya Medical Complex (SMC), Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain
| | - Muhallab E Ali
- a Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences (CMMS), Arabian Gulf University (AGU), PO Box 26671, Manama, Bahrain
| | - Khalid Gumaa
- c Division of Biosciences - Cell and Developmental Biology, University College London (UCL), London, UK
| | - Hayder Ahmed Giha
- a Department of Biochemistry, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences (CMMS), Arabian Gulf University (AGU), PO Box 26671, Manama, Bahrain
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Hu P, Xuan Q, Hu B, Lu L, Wang J, Qin YH. Fibroblast growth factor-23 helps explain the biphasic cardiovascular effects of vitamin D in chronic kidney disease. Int J Biol Sci 2012; 8:663-71. [PMID: 22606047 PMCID: PMC3354624 DOI: 10.7150/ijbs.3886] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2011] [Accepted: 02/23/2012] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypovitaminosis D is highly prevalent in chronic kidney disease (CKD). Recently, vitamin D has sparked widespread interest because of its potential favorable benefits on cardiovascular disease (CVD). Evidence from clinical studies and animal models supports the existence of biphasic cardiovascular effects of vitamin D, in which lower doses suppress CVD and higher doses stimulate CVD. However, the mechanism for the different effects remains unclear. Fibroblast growth factor-23 (FGF-23) is a recently identified member of the FGF family, and thought to be actively involved in renal phosphate and vitamin D homeostasis. More specifically, Vitamin D stimulates FGF-23 secretion and is inhibited by increased FGF-23. Given this background, we hypothesize that FGF-23 may provide a unique tool to explain the biphasic cardiovascular effects of vitamin D in CKD. The data presented in this review support the hypothesis that FGF-23 may be linked with the high cardiovascular risk in CKD through accelerating the onset of vascular calcification, secondary hyperparathyroidism, left ventricular hypertrophy and endothelial dysfunction. Therefore, modulation of FGF-23 may become a potential therapeutic target to lowing cardiovascular risk in CKD. Several clinical interventions, including decreased phosphate intake, phosphate binders, cinacalcet plus concurrent low-dose vitamin D, C-terminal tail of FGF-23 and renal transplantation, have been employed to manipulate FGF-23.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Hu
- Department of Pediatrics, the First Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, No. 218 Ji-Xi Road, Hefei 230022, PR China.
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Hu P, Hu B, Wang J, Lu L, Qin YH. Modulation of vitamin D signaling is a potential therapeutic target to lower cardiovascular risk in chronic kidney disease. Med Sci Monit 2011; 17:HY14-20. [PMID: 21629196 PMCID: PMC3539536 DOI: 10.12659/msm.881790] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
While it is true that many traditional cardiovascular risk factors are amenable to intervention in chronic kidney disease (CKD), the results of intervention may not be as efficacious as those obtained in the general population. Thus, there may also be a unique milieu established in CKD, which causes excess cardiovascular disease (CVD) burden by mechanisms that are as yet not fully recognized. Recently, vitamin D has sparked widespread interest because of its potential favorable benefits on CVD. However, the mechanisms for how vitamin D may improve CVD risk markers and outcomes have not been fully elucidated. Furthermore, hypovitaminosis D is highly prevalent in the CKD cohort. Given this background, we hypothesize that low vitamin D status may act as a new CVD risk marker, and modulation of vitamin D signaling may be a potential therapeutic target to lower cardiovascular risk in CKD. The data presented in this review support that the low vitamin D status may be linked with the high cardiovascular risk in CKD, based on both the biological effects of vitamin D itself on the cardiovascular system, and the cross-actions between vitamin D signaling and the multiple metabolic pathways. Considering the high prevalence of hypovitaminosis D, limited natural vitamin D food sources, and reduced sun exposure in CKD patients, recommendations for treatment of hypovitaminosis D mainly focus on exogenous supplementation with vitamin D and its analogues. Although promising, when to start therapy, the route of administration, the dose, and the duration remain need to be discussed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Peng Hu
- Department of Pediatrics, 1st Affiliated Hospital of Anhui Medical University, Hefei, PR China.
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Srivastava VK, Agarwal SK, Rathi AK. Asymptomatic bacteriuria in school children. Indian J Pediatr 1977; 44:176-82. [PMID: 612572 DOI: 10.1007/bf02892242] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
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Abstract
Development of rickets in association with parenteral nutrition is described in four premature infants having gestational ages of 26-31 wk. In the first two infants there was a documented deficiency of vitamin D, but in the second two adequate supplementation was achieved. Vitamin D, whose primary action is to facilitate intestinal absorption of calcium, may also be a hormone of prime necessity in infant bone formation. Conversion of precursor cholecalciferol to the active form of hormone, 1,25-DHCC, requires intermediate hydroxylation by the liver. The premature infant liver may be deficient in its ability to carry out this step of metabolism, and in normal intrauterine existence the fetus may receive 1,25-DHCC, the active metabolite, from the mother. Calcium intake in these infants was far below that achieved by fetuses of comparable age in utero, even though in excess of that provided by usual premature infant oral formulas. Although calcium deficiency has not been incriminated as a cause of rickets in the past, it is possible that in very tiny premature infants rapid growth requirements lead to a relative calcium deficiency which may be manifested as uncalcified osteoid. Until the mechanism of the formation of rickets in small premature infants is clarified it is recommended that supplemental calcium and vitamin D be given to all premature infants receiving parenteral nutrition, and that periodic x-rays be obtained to detect the development of rickets.
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Stamp TC. Factors in human vitamin D nutrition and in the production and cure of classical rickets. Proc Nutr Soc 1975; 34:119-30. [PMID: 171674 DOI: 10.1079/pns19750022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 67] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
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Silverberg DS, Bettcher KB, Dossetor JB, Overton TR, Holick MF, DeLuca HF. Effect of I,25-dihydroxycholecalciferol in renal osteodystrophy. CANADIAN MEDICAL ASSOCIATION JOURNAL 1975; 112:190, 193-5. [PMID: 1111876 PMCID: PMC1956416] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
Abstract
A 23-year-old man with medullary cystic disease had been undergoing hemodialysis for 5 years and had become confined to a wheelchair because of renal osteodystrophy. He was treated with 125-dihydroxycholecalciferol, 2.0 mug (later 1.0 mug) three times a week, administered by way of the venous end of the dialysis machine. Within 1 month bone pain lessened and his ability to stand and walk improved. By 3 months he was walking short distances and by 5 months, long distances. Calcium balance was near zero before treatment and was strongly positive during treatment. Bone mineral content in the lower femur, measured by photon absorptiometry, increased at a rate of 32.2% per year. In contrast, 26 other patients on long-term hemodialysis had a mean loss of bone mineral content of 14.0% per year. Radiographs taken during treatment showed a decrease in subperiosteal bone resorption and healing of a pseudofracture. A significant decrease in the mean serum alkaline phosphatase value was noted during treatment, but no significant changes in mean serum calcium or phosphorus values were seen.
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von Herrath D, Kraft D, Schaefer K. Influence of disodium dichloromethylene diphosphonate on 25-hydroxycholecalciferol metabolism in rats. NAUNYN-SCHMIEDEBERG'S ARCHIVES OF PHARMACOLOGY 1973; 278:435-40. [PMID: 4269974 DOI: 10.1007/bf00501486] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
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Stamp TCB. Rickets and Osteomalacia. Int J Food Sci Nutr 1973. [DOI: 10.3109/09637487309144238] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/13/2022]
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