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Simonds MM, Schlefman AR, McCahan SM, Sullivan KE, Rose CD, Brescia AC. Juvenile idiopathic arthritis fibroblast-like synoviocytes influence chondrocytes to alter BMP antagonist expression demonstrating an interaction between the two prominent cell types involved in endochondral bone formation. Pediatr Rheumatol Online J 2020; 18:89. [PMID: 33198759 PMCID: PMC7670793 DOI: 10.1186/s12969-020-00483-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/06/2020] [Accepted: 11/01/2020] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND To examine critical interactions between juvenile idiopathic arthritis synovial fibroblasts (JFLS) and chondrocytes (Ch), and their role in bony overgrowth seen in patients with juvenile idiopathic arthritis (JIA). METHODS Control (CFLS) and JFLS were cultured in synoviocyte media containing recombinant BMP4. Ch were cultured in either CFLS or JFLS conditioned-media without stimulation. Media supernatants were analyzed by ELISA. RNA from conditioned media experiment was analyzed by ClariomS microarray. RESULTS As expected, genes expressed in untreated JFLS and CFLS cultured in synoviocyte media were similar to each other and this expression differed from untreated Ch cultured in chondrocyte media. JFLS favor BMP ligand gene expression while downregulating TGFβ receptors' expression. Noggin and chordin, antagonists with high affinity for BMP4, are JFLS- but not Ch-preferred regulators of BMP signaling. Compared to Ch, JFLS overexpress collagen X (COLX), a marker of chondrocyte hypertrophy. Exogenous BMP4 causes JFLS to significantly decrease expression of noggin and collagen II (COL2), a marker of chondrocyte proliferation, and causes overexpression of COLX and alkaline-phosphatase (ALP). Chondrocytes cultured in JFLS-conditioned media (Ch-JFLS) express BMP genes and favor chordin protein expression over other antagonists. Ch-JFLS have significantly increased expression of COL2 and significantly decreased expression of COLX. CONCLUSIONS These data suggest JFLS, in the presence of BMP4, undergo hypertrophy and that JFLS-conditioned media influence chondrocytes to become highly proliferative. To the authors' knowledge, no prior study has shown that JFLS and chondrocytes play a direct role in the bony overgrowth in joints of patients with JIA and that BMPs or regulation of these growth factors influence the interaction between two prominent synovial cell types.
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Affiliation(s)
- Megan M. Simonds
- grid.239281.30000 0004 0458 9676Nemours Biomedical Research, Nemours A.I. duPont Hospital for Children, 1701 Rockland Rd, Wilmington, DE 19803 USA
| | - Amanda R. Schlefman
- grid.239281.30000 0004 0458 9676Rheumatology, Nemours A.I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE USA ,grid.413611.00000 0004 0467 2330Rheumatology, Johns Hopkins All Childrens, St. Petersburg, FL USA
| | - Suzanne M. McCahan
- grid.239281.30000 0004 0458 9676Rheumatology, Nemours A.I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE USA
| | - Kathleen E. Sullivan
- grid.239552.a0000 0001 0680 8770Allergy and Immunology, Children’s Hospital of Philadelphia, Philadelphia, PA USA
| | - Carlos D. Rose
- grid.239281.30000 0004 0458 9676Rheumatology, Nemours A.I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE USA
| | - AnneMarie C. Brescia
- grid.239281.30000 0004 0458 9676Rheumatology, Nemours A.I. duPont Hospital for Children, Wilmington, DE USA
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2
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Goodman SM, Bass AR. Has TNF inhibitor use decreased the need for total hip and total knee replacement for patients with RA? Rheumatology (Oxford) 2019; 58:1128-1130. [PMID: 30753643 DOI: 10.1093/rheumatology/kez022] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/18/2018] [Revised: 12/31/2018] [Accepted: 01/12/2019] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Susan M Goodman
- Weill Cornell Medical School, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York City, NY, USA
| | - Anne R Bass
- Weill Cornell Medical School, Hospital for Special Surgery, New York City, NY, USA
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3
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Andreassen SM, Vinther AML, Nielsen SS, Andersen PH, Tnibar A, Kristensen AT, Jacobsen S. Changes in concentrations of haemostatic and inflammatory biomarkers in synovial fluid after intra-articular injection of lipopolysaccharide in horses. BMC Vet Res 2017. [PMID: 28629364 PMCID: PMC5477303 DOI: 10.1186/s12917-017-1089-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 20] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Septic arthritis is a common and potentially devastating disease characterized by severe intra-articular (IA) inflammation and fibrin deposition. Research into equine joint pathologies has focused on inflammation, but recent research in humans suggests that both haemostatic and inflammatory pathways are activated in the joint compartment in arthritic conditions. The aim of this study was to characterize the IA haemostatic and inflammatory responses in horses with experimental lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-induced joint inflammation. Inflammation was induced by IA injection of LPS into one antebrachiocarpal joint of six horses. Horses were evaluated clinically with subjective grading of lameness, and blood and synovial fluid (SF) samples were collected at post injection hours (PIH) -120, −96, −24, 0, 2, 4, 8, 16, 24, 36, 48, 72 and 144. Total protein (TP), white blood cell counts (WBC), serum amyloid A (SAA), haptoglobin, iron, fibrinogen, thrombin-antithrombin (TAT) and d-dimer concentrations were assessed in blood and SF. Results Intra-articular injection of LPS caused local and systemic signs of inflammation including increased rectal temperature, lameness and increased joint circumference and skin temperature. Most of the biomarkers (TP, WBC, haptoglobin, fibrinogen and TAT) measured in SF increased quickly after LPS injection (at PIH 2–4), whereas SAA and d-dimer levels increased more slowly (at PIH 16 and 144, respectively). SF iron concentrations did not change statistically significantly. Blood WBC, SAA, haptoglobin and fibrinogen increased and iron decreased significantly in response to the IA LPS injection, while TAT and d-dimer concentrations did not change. Repeated pre-injection arthrocenteses caused significant changes in SF concentrations of TP, WBC and haptoglobin. Conclusion Similar to inflammatory joint disease in humans, joint inflammation in horses was accompanied by an IA haemostatic response with changes in fibrinogen, TAT and d-dimer concentrations. Inflammatory and haemostatic responses were induced simultaneously and may likely interact. Further studies of interactions between the two responses are needed for a better understanding of pathogenesis of joint disease in horses. Knowledge of effects of repeated arthrocenteses on levels of SF biomarkers may be of value when markers are used for diagnostic purposes.
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Affiliation(s)
- Stine Mandrup Andreassen
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Section of Large Animal Medicine and Surgery, University of Copenhagen, Højbakkegård Allé 5, DK-2630, Tåstrup, Denmark
| | - Anne Mette Lindberg Vinther
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Section of Large Animal Medicine and Surgery, University of Copenhagen, Højbakkegård Allé 5, DK-2630, Tåstrup, Denmark
| | - Søren Saxmose Nielsen
- Department of Veterinary and Animal Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Grønnegårdsvej 8, DK-1870, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Pia Haubro Andersen
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Section of Large Animal Medicine and Surgery, University of Copenhagen, Højbakkegård Allé 5, DK-2630, Tåstrup, Denmark.,Department of Clinical Sciences, Swedish Agricultural University, 75007, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Aziz Tnibar
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Section of Large Animal Medicine and Surgery, University of Copenhagen, Højbakkegård Allé 5, DK-2630, Tåstrup, Denmark
| | - Annemarie T Kristensen
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, University of Copenhagen, Dyrlægevej 16, DK-1870, Frederiksberg C, Denmark
| | - Stine Jacobsen
- Department of Veterinary Clinical Sciences, Section of Large Animal Medicine and Surgery, University of Copenhagen, Højbakkegård Allé 5, DK-2630, Tåstrup, Denmark.
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Liu S, Virdi AS, Sena K, Hughes WF, Sumner DR. Bone turnover markers correlate with implant fixation in a rat model using LPS-doped particles to induced implant loosening. J Biomed Mater Res A 2012; 100:918-28. [PMID: 22275163 DOI: 10.1002/jbm.a.34029] [Citation(s) in RCA: 23] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2011] [Accepted: 11/18/2011] [Indexed: 01/20/2023]
Abstract
Revision surgery for particle-induced implant loosening in total joint replacement is expected to increase dramatically over the next few decades. This study was designed to investigate if local tissue and serum markers of bone remodeling reflect implant fixation following administration of lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-doped polyethylene (PE) particles in a rat model. Twenty-four rats received bilateral implantation of intramedullary titanium rods in the distal femur, followed by weekly bilateral intra-articular injection of either LPS-doped PE particles (n = 12) or vehicle that contained no particles (n = 12) for 12 weeks. The group in which the particles were injected had increased serum C-terminal telopeptide of type I collagen (CTX-I), decreased serum osteocalcin (OC), increased peri-implant eroded surface, decreased peri-implant bone volume, and decreased mechanical pull-out strength compared to the controls. Implant fixation strength was positively correlated with peri-implant bone volume and serum OC and inversely correlated with serum CTX-I, while energy to yield was positively correlated with serum OC and inversely correlated with the number of tartrate-resistant acid phosphatase positive cells at the interface and the amount of peri-implant eroded surface. There was no effect on trabecular bone volume at a remote site. Thus, the particle-induced impaired fixation in this rat model was directly associated with local and serum markers of elevated bone resorption and depressed bone formation, supporting the rationale of exploring both anticatabolic and anabolic strategies to treat and prevent particle-related implant osteolysis and loosening, and indicating that serum markers may prove useful in tracking implant fixation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Liu
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Rush University Medical Center, Chicago, Illinois 60612, USA
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5
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McGonagle D, Tan AL, Møller Døhn U, ØStergaard M, Benjamin M. Microanatomic studies to define predictive factors for the topography of periarticular erosion formation in inflammatory arthritis. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2009; 60:1042-51. [DOI: 10.1002/art.24417] [Citation(s) in RCA: 56] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/31/2022]
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6
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Arthroscopy as a research tool: a review. ACTA ACUST UNITED AC 2007. [PMID: 17951650 DOI: 10.1007/978-1-59745-401-8_2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register]
Abstract
Arthroscopy continues to experience a growth in interest from the rheumatology community reflecting a common desire to gain better understanding of the underlying processes in inflammatory and degenerative joint diseases. Arthroscopy provides the ability to assess the internal appearances of a joint in a well tolerated and repeatable manner, to obtain tissue samples from the principle site of pathology within the joint and thus confers on it the role of "gold standard" amongst currently available imaging techniques. The evolution of arthroscopy is reviewed together with an overview of the evidence obtained from its research application in the rheumatology. Methodology for the conduct of arthroscopy and synovial biopsy is described.
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Miyamoto A, Deie M, Yamasaki T, Nakamae A, Shinomiya R, Adachi N, Ochi M. The role of the synovium in repairing cartilage defects. Knee Surg Sports Traumatol Arthrosc 2007; 15:1083-93. [PMID: 17279425 DOI: 10.1007/s00167-006-0277-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 22] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2006] [Accepted: 12/13/2006] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to examine the role of the synovium in the transitional zone between the articular cartilage and the synovial membrane in cartilage repair and the relationship between the origin of the repaired cartilage and the grafted synovium. We used 8-week-old Sprague Dawley (SD) rats and green fluorescent protein (GFP) transgenic rats. In study 1, a full-thickness cartilage defect was created at the medial condyle of the femur, and the synovium 5 x 5 mm extending up to the cartilage defect was resected in the left knee (cartilage defect without synovium group) but not resected in the right knee (cartilage defect with intact synovium group). In study 2, after the creation of a full-thickness cartilage defect and resection of the synovium, the synovium of the GFP rats was transplanted into the unilateral knee (cartilage defect with transpl.synovium group). At 2, 4, 6, and 8 weeks after surgery, we evaluated the repaired tissue in cartilage defects histologically and immunohistochemically, and the expression of aggrecan and type II collagen in the repaired tissue was also investigated using reverse transcriptase-polymerase chain reactions (RT-PCR). At 6 and 8 weeks after surgery, the defect was filled with cartilage-like tissue in cartilage defect with intact synovium group and cartilage defect with transpl.synovium group, but not in cartilage defect without synovium group. GFP positive cells were observed in the repaired tissue and the expression of aggrecan and type II collagen was found in cartilage defect with transpl.synovium group. We concluded that the synovium in the transitional zone between the articular cartilage and the grafted synovial membrane invades the cartilage defects where the cells could be detected as GFP-positive cells. Those cells may take part in the repair and may induce chondrogenesis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ayato Miyamoto
- Department of Orthopaedic Surgery, Graduate School of Biomedical Sciences, Hiroshima University, 1-2-3 Kasumi, Minami-ku, Hiroshima, 734-8551, Japan.
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O'Brien MF, Casey ATH, Crockard A, Pringle J, Stevens JM. Histology of the craniocervical junction in chronic rheumatoid arthritis: a clinicopathologic analysis of 33 operative cases. Spine (Phila Pa 1976) 2002; 27:2245-54. [PMID: 12394902 DOI: 10.1097/00007632-200210150-00012] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/01/2023]
Abstract
STUDY DESIGN A histologic review of surgical specimens with clinical and radiographic correlations. OBJECTIVE To analyze the histopathology at the craniocervical junction in chronic rheumatoid arthritis (RA). SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA It has been assumed that the tissue identified on radiography at the craniocervical junction causing anterior spinal cord compression in patients with chronic RA is hypertrophic rheumatoid synovium. To date, no study has positively identified the histology of this tissue. METHODS Transoral resection of the dens and spinal cord decompression were performed in 33 myelopathic rheumatoid patients with craniocervical instability. The resected specimens were examined histologically. RESULTS Two unique histologic patterns were identified. Type I synovium has a recognizable synovial structure but without a hyperplastic synovial layer, significant inflammatory cell population, or lymphocytic infiltration typical of early active rheumatoid synovium. Type II synovium is a bland, fibrous, hypercellular tissue that is hypovascular, with little synovium and few inflammatory cells. Clinically and radiologically the two groups are distinct. Patients with Type II synovium are older ( = 0.008) and present with more advanced neurologic involvement caused by spinal cord compression ( = 0.0001). The mean difference in the spinal cord area between the two groups was 20.6 mm (95% confidence interval, 10.0-31.2 mm; = 0.004). CONCLUSIONS The histologic specimens suggest that ligamentous destruction is followed by replacement of the rheumatoid synovium with fibrous tissue, whereas the osseous structures reveal severe destruction secondary to mechanical instability, rather than to an acute inflammatory process. Early, preemptive surgical intervention may prevent the development of spinal cord injury caused by instability.
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Affiliation(s)
- Michael F O'Brien
- Woodridge Orthopedic Clinic and Spine Center, Wheat Ridge, Colorado, USA
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9
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Abstract
Rheumatoid arthritis (RA), a systemic disease, is characterized by a chronic inflammatory reaction in the synovium of joints and is associated with degeneration of cartilage and erosion of juxta-articular bone. Many pro-inflammatory cytokines including TNF alpha, chemokines, and growth factors are expressed in diseased joints. The rationale that TNF alpha played a central role in regulating these molecules, and their pathophysiological potential, was initially provided by the demonstration that anti-TNF alpha antibodies added to in vitro cultures of a representative population of cells derived from diseased joints inhibited the spontaneous production of IL-1 and other pro-inflammatory cytokines. Systemic administration of anti-TNF alpha antibody or sTNFR fusion protein to mouse models of RA was shown to be anti-inflammatory and joint protective. Clinical investigations in which the activity of TNF alpha in RA patients was blocked with intravenously administered infliximab, a chimeric anti-TNF alpha monoclonal antibody (mAB), has provided evidence that TNF regulates IL-6, IL-8, MCP-1, and VEGF production, recruitment of immune and inflammatory cells into joints, angiogenesis, and reduction of blood levels of matrix metalloproteinases-1 and -3. Randomized, placebo-controlled, multi-center clinical trials of human TNF alpha inhibitors have demonstrated their consistent and remarkable efficacy in controlling signs and symptoms, with a favorable safety profile, in approximately two thirds of patients for up to 2 years, and their ability to retard joint damage. Infliximab (a mAB), and etanercept (a sTNF-R-Fc fusion protein) have been approved by regulatory authorities in the United States and Europe for treating RA, and they represent a significant new addition to available therapeutic options.
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MESH Headings
- Animals
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/immunology
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/pharmacology
- Antibodies, Monoclonal/therapeutic use
- Antibody Specificity
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/drug therapy
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/immunology
- Arthritis, Rheumatoid/therapy
- Autoimmune Diseases/drug therapy
- Autoimmune Diseases/immunology
- Autoimmune Diseases/therapy
- Chemotaxis, Leukocyte
- Clinical Trials, Phase I as Topic
- Clinical Trials, Phase II as Topic
- Clinical Trials, Phase III as Topic
- Combined Modality Therapy
- Cytokines/physiology
- Disease Models, Animal
- Double-Blind Method
- Etanercept
- Humans
- Immunization, Passive
- Immunoglobulin G/immunology
- Immunoglobulin G/therapeutic use
- Immunoglobulin Heavy Chains
- Immunoglobulin gamma-Chains
- Immunosuppressive Agents/therapeutic use
- Infliximab
- Mice
- Multicenter Studies as Topic
- Randomized Controlled Trials as Topic
- Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor/immunology
- Receptors, Tumor Necrosis Factor/therapeutic use
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/immunology
- Recombinant Fusion Proteins/therapeutic use
- Safety
- Treatment Outcome
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/antagonists & inhibitors
- Tumor Necrosis Factor-alpha/physiology
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Affiliation(s)
- M Feldmann
- Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology Division, Imperial College School of Medicine, 1 Aspenlea Road, London W6 8LH, United Kingdom.
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10
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Tak PP, Bresnihan B. The pathogenesis and prevention of joint damage in rheumatoid arthritis: advances from synovial biopsy and tissue analysis. ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM 2000; 43:2619-33. [PMID: 11145019 DOI: 10.1002/1529-0131(200012)43:12<2619::aid-anr1>3.0.co;2-v] [Citation(s) in RCA: 292] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- P P Tak
- Academic Medical Centre, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
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11
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Nishimura K, Solchaga LA, Caplan AI, Yoo JU, Goldberg VM, Johnstone B. Chondroprogenitor cells of synovial tissue. ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM 1999; 42:2631-7. [PMID: 10616011 DOI: 10.1002/1529-0131(199912)42:12<2631::aid-anr18>3.0.co;2-h] [Citation(s) in RCA: 143] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To assess the chondrogenic potential of cells within the synovium. METHODS Explants of synovium taken from various sites in the joint were embedded in agarose and cultured with transforming growth factor beta1 (TGFbeta1) to assess their chondrogenic potential. Isolated synovial cells were also tested for their chondrogenic potential by culturing them as aggregates in a chemically defined medium with TGFbeta1. Cartilage formation was determined with histologic staining and immunohistochemistry. The osteochondral potential of the isolated cells was also assessed after subcutaneous implantation of the cells, loaded into porous calcium phosphate ceramic cubes, in athymic mice. RESULTS A total of 48 synovial explants were cultured in agarose with TGFbeta1. The formation of cartilage was observed in the outer region of 21 explants, and type II collagen was localized in that region by immunohistochemistry. A larger percentage of TGFbeta1+ explants from the inner synovium sites formed cartilage compared with those from the outer synovium sites. Chondrogenesis occurred in aggregates incubated with TGFbeta1 as early as day 7, and by day 14, all TGFbeta1+ aggregates demonstrated chondrogenesis. In contrast with the results of the in vitro aggregate assay for chondrogenesis, no formation of cartilage or bone was evident in any section containing synovial cell-loaded ceramic cubes that were harvested at either 3 or 6 weeks after implantation subcutaneously in athymic mice. CONCLUSION Synovial explants and isolated synovial cells will undergo chondrogenesis when cultured in the presence of TGFbeta1. The data indicate a possible synovial origin for the chondrocytic cells found in rheumatoid pannus. Furthermore, these data are consistent with the clinical findings of synovial chondrogenesis leading to synovial chondromatosis.
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Affiliation(s)
- K Nishimura
- Case Western Reserve University, Cleveland, Ohio 44106, USA
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12
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Konttinen YT, Ceponis A, Takagi M, Ainola M, Sorsa T, Sutinen M, Salo T, Ma J, Santavirta S, Seiki M. New collagenolytic enzymes/cascade identified at the pannus-hard tissue junction in rheumatoid arthritis: destruction from above. Matrix Biol 1998; 17:585-601. [PMID: 9923652 DOI: 10.1016/s0945-053x(98)90110-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 70] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Our aim was to investigate the collagenolytic potential and localization of matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2) in relation to its regulatory proteins membrane type MT1-MMP and tissue inhibitor of metalloproteinases-2 (TIMP-2) in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). For this purpose, we have used purification of MMP-2, MMP-8, MMP-9 and interstitial type I, II and III collagens; SDS-PAGE/densitometric collagenase activity assay; zymography; Western blotting; reverse transcriptase polymerase chain reaction; in situ hybridization; and immunofluorescence, ABC, ABC-APAAP double immunostainings. MMP-2 degraded human type II collagen almost as effectively as MMP-8, whereas MMP-9 did not cleave type II collagen. In synovial tissue, MT1-MMP, TIMP-2 and MMP-2 were found in synovial lining in fibroblast- and macrophage-like cells, in stromal cells and in vascular endothelium. MT1-MMP, TIMP-2 and MMP-2 were strongly expressed in the pannocytes of the invasive pannus at the interface, but staining was weak and/or there were few positive cells both "above" and "below" the soft-to-hard tissue (cartilage and/or bone) interface. Rheumatoid synovial tissue extract contained proteolytically active 62/59 kDa MMP-2 and 43 kDa MT1-MMP, but no free TIMP-2. These results indicate that components of the ternary MT1-MMP/TIMP-2/MMP-2 complex are coexpressed in the normal synovial lining and in its pathological extension on the hyaline articular cartilage. MMP-2 may participate in the remodeling of the normal lining and also seems to be localized/focalized to pannocytes at a site critical for tissue destruction in arthritis.
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Affiliation(s)
- Y T Konttinen
- Department of Medicine, Helsinki University Central Hospital, University of Helsinki, Finland
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13
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Schultz O, Keyszer G, Zacher J, Sittinger M, Burmester GR. Development of in vitro model systems for destructive joint diseases: novel strategies for establishing inflammatory pannus. ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM 1997; 40:1420-8. [PMID: 9259421 DOI: 10.1002/art.1780400809] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To establish a novel 3-dimensional (3-D) in vitro model for the investigation of destructive processes in rheumatoid arthritis (RA). METHODS Two distinct culture systems were developed, consisting of RA synovial membrane and articular cartilage explants or interactive RA synovial cell/chondrocyte cultures embedded in 3-D fibrin matrices. The expression of proteolytic enzymes, chondrocyte matrix architecture, and matrix degradation parameters was analyzed by immunohistochemistry. RESULTS Of 28 RA explant cultures, 16 displayed an invasion of synovial tissue into the cartilage explants, compared with 1 of 8 osteoarthritis explants. The expression of collagenase and vascular cell adhesion molecule 1 could be demonstrated at the cartilage-pannus junction. Of 20 interactive cell cultures, 18 revealed invasive behavior and remained vital for extended periods of time. CONCLUSION The models presented allow us to study distinct aspects of destructive joint diseases under in vitro conditions that resemble human pathology. Moreover, our model is able to supplement animal experiments in basic research and drug testing.
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Affiliation(s)
- O Schultz
- Humboldt University, Berlin, Germany
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Feldmann M, Elliott MJ, Woody JN, Maini RN. Anti-tumor necrosis factor-alpha therapy of rheumatoid arthritis. Adv Immunol 1997; 64:283-350. [PMID: 9100984 DOI: 10.1016/s0065-2776(08)60891-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 179] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- M Feldmann
- Mathilda and Terence Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology, London, United Kingdom
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15
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Feldmann M. The cytokine network in rheumatoid arthritis: definition of TNF alpha as a therapeutic target. JOURNAL OF THE ROYAL COLLEGE OF PHYSICIANS OF LONDON 1996; 30:560-70. [PMID: 8961212 PMCID: PMC5401498] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/30/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- M Feldmann
- Cytokine and Immunology Division, Kennedy Institute of Rheumatology
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16
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Affiliation(s)
- O FitzGerald
- Department of Rheumatology, St Vincent's Hospital and University College, Dublin
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17
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2nd International meeting on synovium cell biology, physiology and pathology. Canterbury, United Kingdom, 21-23 September 1994. Proceedings and abstracts. Ann Rheum Dis 1995; 54:501-28. [PMID: 7632095 PMCID: PMC1009911 DOI: 10.1136/ard.54.6.501-a] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/26/2023]
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18
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Zvaifler NJ, Firestein GS. Pannus and pannocytes. Alternative models of joint destruction in rheumatoid arthritis. ARTHRITIS AND RHEUMATISM 1994; 37:783-9. [PMID: 8003048 DOI: 10.1002/art.1780370601] [Citation(s) in RCA: 150] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/28/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- N J Zvaifler
- Multipurpose Arthritis and Musculoskeletal Disease Center, University of California, San Diego 92103-8417
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19
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Gay S, Gay RE, Koopman WJ. Molecular and cellular mechanisms of joint destruction in rheumatoid arthritis: two cellular mechanisms explain joint destruction? Ann Rheum Dis 1993; 52 Suppl 1:S39-47. [PMID: 8481058 PMCID: PMC1035025 DOI: 10.1136/ard.52.suppl_1.s39] [Citation(s) in RCA: 190] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/31/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- S Gay
- Department of Medicine, University of Alabama, Birmingham 35294-0006
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