Primary gallbladder lymphoma presenting as a polyp

Primary hepatopancreatobiliary lymphoma: Pathogenesis, diagnosis, and management

Primary hepatopancreatobiliary lymphoma (PHPBL) is extremely rare, which is defined as a lympho-proliferative disease confined to the hepatobiliary system and pancreas without any involvement of lymph nodes, bone marrow, or other organs. The clinical and imaging manifestations of PHPBL are variable and non-special, which are akin to those of tumors of the hepatobiliary and pancreatic systems. The overall prognosis and management of PHPBL differ from those of other tumors in the hepatobiliary system and pancreas. Proper diagnosis and prompt treatment are essential for improving clinical outcomes. Due to its rarity, the optimal treatment has not been issued. However, combination chemotherapy is considered as a standard treatment for them. This review provides an overview of the pathogenesis, diagnosis, pathology, and management of PHPBL and offers clinicians the diagnosis and management schedule for PHPBL.

Diffuse large B-cell lymphoma of the gallbladder arised 8 years after malignant lymphoma of the right testis: A case report and literature review

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Gallbladder involvement by lymphoma is extremely rare, and only 68 cases have been reported in the English literature so far.

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We experienced a case of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) of the gallbladder arising 8 years after DLBCL of the right testis.

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We compiled and analysed reported cases in terms of background, symptoms, imaging findings, and prognosis.

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DLBCL was significantly more involved in other organs simultaneously or heterochronously in contrast of MALT lymphoma (p = 0.004).

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Gallbladder lymphoma should be added to the differential diagnosis of gallbladder tumours.

Introduction

Gallbladder involvement in lymphoma is extremely rare, and only 68 cases have been reported in the English literature so far. We experienced a case of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma (DLBCL) of the gallbladder arising 8 years after DLBCL of the right testis.

Presentation of case

A 68-year-old man underwent orchiectomy for malignant lymphoma of the right testis pathologically diagnosed as DLBCL 8 years ago. Systemic surveillance incidentally revealed a gallbladder tumour, and elective resection of the gallbladder bed of the liver was performed under a preoperative diagnosis of gallbladder cancer. The histopathological examination revealed DLBCL. At re-evaluation 3 months after surgery, he was diagnosed as having DLBCL involving the stomach. There had been no recurrence for 39 months after chemotherapy and radiation, but he suffered from a poor general condition due to protein-losing enteropathy and died of infection.

Discussion

We compiled and analysed reported cases of malignant lymphomas involving the gallbladder in terms of background, symptoms, imaging findings, and prognosis. Compared to MALT lymphoma, DLBCL was significantly more involved in other organs simultaneously or heterochronously (p = 0.004).

Conclusion

Gallbladder lymphoma should be added to the differential diagnosis of gallbladder tumours, especially when clinical findings are not consistent with the typical course of gallbladder carcinoma and cholecystitis.

Gallbladder lymphoma detected by 18F-fluorodeoxyglucose positron emission tomography

Gallbladder involvement in lymphoma is rare, with only a few cases reported in the literature, predominately in the pre positron emission tomography (PET) era. ¹⁸F-fluorodeoxyglucose (¹⁸F-FDG) PET/computed tomography (CT) has now become the modality of choice in the staging of lymphoma. We report a case of gallbladder involvement by high-grade B-cell lymphoma detected by PET/CT.