Steatocystoma multiplex

The First Report of Multiple, Bilateral Axillary Epidermal Inclusion Cysts

Epidermal inclusion cysts (EICs) are benign masses that often develop on the face, scalp, neck, and back. Typically, EICs occur secondary to acne or obstructed hair follicles. However, the development of multiple EICs is associated with various syndromes and invasive procedures. Despite their relatively benign nature, a small percentage of EICs have been found to undergo malignant transformation. The complete excision of EICs is essential for their definitive treatment because of their ability to rupture, causing pain and infection. We present the first reported case of a patient without a history of acne, axillary surgery, or genetic syndromes who presented with multiple, painless, bilateral axillary EICs.

[Main Types of Cysts in Dermatopathology: Part 1]

Cystic structures represent one of the most common findings in dermatopathology. These encompass both cystic tumors and pseudocysts resulting from the accumulation of certain substances, such as mucin. In a two-part series (of which this is the first part), we have reviewed the principal types of cysts and pseudocysts that may be observed in cutaneous biopsies, examining their histopathological features and primary differential diagnoses. This first part encompasses infundibular cysts, eruptive dermoid cysts, pigmented follicular cysts, pilonidal cysts, tricholemmal cysts, milium cysts, hybrid cysts, bronchogenic cysts, as well as steatocystoma, hydrocystoma, and comedones.

A Breast Imaging Case of Steatocystoma Multiplex: A Rare Condition Involving Multiple Anatomic Regions

Steatocystoma multiplex is an uncommon disease consisting of multiple cysts erupting over the chest, arms, axilla, and neck. It is of unknown incidence and can occur as a spontaneous mutation or inherited in an autosomal dominant pattern.

A 47-year-old female with a past medical history only significant for multiple skin infections presented for a routine mammogram. Her imaging showed multiple circumscribed oil cysts. When contacted regarding the results, the patient said she has noticed multiple cysts presenting on her inner arms, chest, and trunk, of which one would occasionally exsanguinate oily material. She denies any other associated symptoms and says that she is the only member of her family to have these symptoms. The patient was informed of her diagnosis and requested to follow up with her primary care physician to monitor her symptoms.

In summary, steatocystoma multiplex is a rare benign condition that can present similarly to a variety of other pathologies. It is important to note the unique clinical features of steatocystoma multiplex in order to prevent unnecessary and costly workup for patients who have this benign condition.

Numerous asymptomatic dermal cysts: Diagnosis and treatment of steatocystoma multiplex

OBJECTIVE

To provide family physicians with the information needed to recognize, diagnose, and discuss available treatment options for steatocystoma multiplex (SM).

SOURCES OF INFORMATION

A comprehensive PubMed search using steatocystoma multiplex as either a text word or a MeSH term was conducted, and articles reporting on treatment outcomes were included.

MAIN MESSAGE

Steatocystoma multiplex is a benign disorder often characterized by numerous asymptomatic dermal cysts on the trunk, arms, axillae, face, thighs, and scalp. Psychological distress due to these undesirable lesions is not uncommon for this condition. A literature review identified the following SM treatments, all of which were associated with limitations: carbon dioxide laser, modified surgical techniques, cryotherapy, and medical management. Steatocystoma multiplex is challenging to treat and, at this time, effective management is most often achieved through patient education.

CONCLUSION

Family physicians play a critical role in the early diagnosis and management of SM. Education about treatment options and managing patient expectations might greatly alleviate the psychosocial implications of this disease.

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Objectif

Renseigner les médecins de famille pour les rendre aptes à reconnaître et à diagnostiquer les stéatocystomes multiples, et à discuter des options thérapeutiques.

Sources d’information

Une recherche exhaustive sur PubMed a été réalisée à l’aide des titres MeSH ou des mots clés anglais steatocystoma multiplex, et les articles ayant rapporté les résultats du traitement ont été inclus.

Message principal

Les stéatocystomes multiples sont un trouble bénin souvent caractérisé par de nombreux kystes dermiques asymptomatiques sur le tronc, les bras, les aisselles, le visage, les cuisses et le cuir chevelu. La détresse psychologique causée par ces lésions indésirables est fréquente. Une revue des publications a relevé les traitements suivants, tous assortis de limites : laser au gaz carbonique, techniques chirurgicales modifiées, cryothérapie et prise en charge médicale. Les stéatocystomes multiples sont difficiles à traiter et, pour l’heure, la prise en charge efficace passe le plus souvent par l’éducation du patient.

Conclusion

Les médecins de famille sont au centre du diagnostic et de la prise en charge précoces des stéatocystomes multiples. L’éducation relative aux options thérapeutiques et à la gestion des attentes du patient pourrait grandement alléger le fardeau psychosocial de la maladie.

Steatocystoma multiplex suppurativa: case report of a rare condition

Steatocystoma multiplex is a rare genetic disorder characterized by the presence of hamartomatous malformations at the junction of the pilosebaceous duct. It consists of encapsulated cystic lesions in the dermis, with adjacent sebaceous gland. When associated with inflammation, resembling hidradenitis, it is called steatocystoma multiplex suppurativa, a condition rarely reported. This is the first case of steatocystoma multiplex suppurativa reported in the Brazilian literature. Female patient, 23 years old, with papular and nodular cystic lesions that started in the armpits and groin, later spreading to the trunk, lower limbs, anticubital fossa, face and scalp. The presence of papular-nodular lesions associated with disseminated hidradenitis-like lesions in flexural areas and the histopathological diagnosis of steatocystoma defined the diagnosis of steatocystoma multiplex suppurativa.

A Large Extragnathic Keratocystic Odontogenic Tumour

Odontogenic keratocysts (OKCs) are developmental cysts which occur typically in the jawbones. They present more commonly in the posterior mandible of young adults than the maxilla. OKCs have been reclassified under odontogenic tumours in 2005 by the WHO and have since been termed as keratocystic odontogenic tumours (KCOTs). Here we report a case of a recurrent buccal lesion in a 62-year-old man which was provisionally diagnosed as a space infection (buccal abscess) but surprisingly turned out to be a soft tissue KCOT in an unusual location on histopathologic examination.