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Liu QQ, Lin HM, Han HW, Yang CN, Liu C, Zhang R. Complete Response to Combined Chemotherapy and Anti-PD-1 Therapy for Recurrent Gallbladder Carcinosarcoma: A Case Report and Literature Review. Front Oncol 2022; 12:803454. [PMID: 35372010 PMCID: PMC8967174 DOI: 10.3389/fonc.2022.803454] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/01/2021] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Gallbladder carcinosarcoma (GBCS) is a rare and aggressive malignancy with extremely poor prognosis. Although surgery is regarded as the primary therapy for GBCS, the effective therapeutic strategies for unresected lesions have been poorly defined. Case Presentation We presented a case of a 74-year-old male who underwent radical resection of gallbladder carcinoma at a local hospital. Seven months later, he was admitted to our hospital due to right upper abdominal discomfort. Postoperative radiological examinations showed multiple hepatic lesions, hilar lymph node metastasis, and main portal vein tumor thrombus. The pathological consultation results confirmed GBCS and immunohistochemical examinations revealed PD-L1 expression in 20% of tumor cells. Then, the patient received chemotherapy (Gemcitabine plus Oxaliplatin, GEMOX) in combination with anti-PD-1 therapy. After nine courses of the combination therapy, complete regression of the tumors was achieved with no evidence of relapse till now. Conclusions We, for the first time, reported a patient with recurrent GBCS who benefited from the combined chemotherapy and immunotherapy, providing a potential effective management strategy for the refractory malignant tumor.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | - Chao Liu
- *Correspondence: Chao Liu, ; Rui Zhang,
| | - Rui Zhang
- *Correspondence: Chao Liu, ; Rui Zhang,
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2
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Kato T, Kimura Y, Kubo T, Murota A, Hasegawa T, Takemasa I. Two cases of resected gallbladder carcinosarcoma with a contrasting course. Int J Surg Case Rep 2022; 92:106915. [PMID: 35276429 PMCID: PMC8917294 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2022.106915] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/06/2022] [Revised: 02/28/2022] [Accepted: 03/01/2022] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Introduction Case presentation Discussion Conclusion Carcinosarcoma has both carcinoma and sarcoma components; it rarely occurs in the gallbladder. We present two resected cases of highly advanced gallbladder carcinosarcoma. We performed the first pre- and postoperative chemotherapy for gallbladder carcinosarcoma. One case has the longest post-resection relapse free survival.
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Affiliation(s)
- Toru Kato
- Department of Surgery, Surgical Oncology and Science, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, S1 W16, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8543, Japan.
| | - Yasutoshi Kimura
- Department of Surgery, Surgical Oncology and Science, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, S1 W16, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8543, Japan.
| | - Tomohiro Kubo
- Department of Medical Oncology and Hematology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, S1 W16, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8543, Japan.
| | - Ayako Murota
- Department of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, S1 W16, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8543, Japan.
| | - Tadashi Hasegawa
- Department of Surgical Pathology, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, S1 W16, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8543, Japan.
| | - Ichiro Takemasa
- Department of Surgery, Surgical Oncology and Science, Sapporo Medical University School of Medicine, S1 W16, Chuo-ku, Sapporo, Hokkaido 060-8543, Japan.
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3
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Teng TZJ, Chua BQY, Shelat VG. Carcinosarcoma of gallbladder: A world review. World J Clin Oncol 2021; 12:1244-1263. [PMID: 35070742 PMCID: PMC8716988 DOI: 10.5306/wjco.v12.i12.1244] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2021] [Revised: 05/14/2021] [Accepted: 11/25/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Gallbladder carcinosarcoma is a rare hepatobiliary tumor comprising of both carcinomatous and sarcomatous components. Due to its rarity, the literature with regards to the topic is scarce and currently lacking, spanning less than 100 cases.
AIM To summarize the current literature on gallbladder carcinosarcoma.
METHODS A literature review was performed on the PubMed database using the keywords “Gallbladder” AND “Carcinosarcoma” from 1970 to 2021. Additionally, similar searches were performed on MEDLINE and Web of Science.
RESULTS Risk factors noted include female gender, gallstones and chronic cholecystitis. In the absence of any diagnostic biochemical testing or tumor markers, imaging modality serves as the key initial impression tool, which can be histologically confirmed only post-resection. While surgery is the only curative option, the use of adjunctive chemotherapy has been considered on top of excision in recent years, with some success.
CONCLUSION While this study has taken steps to bridge the gap in the literature, more cases should be reported to further ascertain the current associations and management potential for gallbladder carcinosarcoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Thomas Zheng Jie Teng
- Department of General Surgery, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore 308433, Singapore
- Undergraduate Medicine, Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Singapore 308232, Singapore
| | - Branden Qi Yu Chua
- Department of General Surgery, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore 308433, Singapore
| | - Vishal G Shelat
- Department of General Surgery, Tan Tock Seng Hospital, Singapore 308433, Singapore
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4
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Chen X, Zhou Y, Shu X, Wei G, Qiu M. Gallbladder carcinosarcoma: current perspectives and new development. Expert Rev Gastroenterol Hepatol 2021; 15:1107-1114. [PMID: 33878994 DOI: 10.1080/17474124.2021.1919509] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/08/2023]
Abstract
Introduction: Gallbladder carcinosarcoma (GBCS) is a rare neoplasm, and previous studies regarding to GBCS were case reports/case series, absence of large retrospective analyses, or systemic review. This review summarizes the current literature on accurate information of GBCS to assist clinicians to accurately diagnose and treat this malignancy.Areas covered: The authors retrieved relevant documents of GBCS from PubMed and Medline. This review elaborates on the knowledge of GBCS covering epidemiology, potential mechanism, clinical manifestation, diagnosis, treatment, and prognosis.Expert opinion: The majority of GBCS patients are easily misdiagnosed as GBC and usually treated as GBC. However, the biological behavior and outcome of GBCS is different from that of GBC. GBCS should be considered as a separate disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xiaorong Chen
- Department of Abdominal Cancer, Cancer Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Yuwen Zhou
- Department of Biotherapy, Cancer Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Xinyao Shu
- Department of Abdominal Cancer, Cancer Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Guixia Wei
- Department of Abdominal Cancer, Cancer Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
| | - Meng Qiu
- Department of Abdominal Cancer, Cancer Center, West China Hospital of Sichuan University, Chengdu, China
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5
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Gallbladder carcinosarcoma masquerading as a hepatic abscess. Radiol Case Rep 2020; 16:152-156. [PMID: 33240458 PMCID: PMC7674158 DOI: 10.1016/j.radcr.2020.10.058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/20/2020] [Accepted: 10/29/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Carcinosarcomas of the gallbladder are extremely rare tumors and infrequently reported in the literature. We demonstrate a case of a 64-year-old female who presented with a 2-month history of a right upper quadrant mass, intermittent fevers, and abdominal distension following recent travel to Ghana. A computed tomography (CT) scan of the abdomen and pelvis demonstrated a large hepatic lesion with co-existing gallbladder distension, suggestive of a hepatic abscess. The patient was initially managed with intravenous antibiotics but failed to respond to treatment. A subsequent magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) scan of the liver showed a locally invasive lobulated soft tissue lesion arising from the gallbladder fundus and extending into the liver parenchyma. The lesion was surgically excised with a central hepatectomy. Histopathologic analysis showed a carcinosarcoma of the gallbladder.
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6
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Surgical management of gallbladder carcinosarcoma: A case report and review of the Literature. Int J Surg Case Rep 2020; 75:460-463. [PMID: 33076195 PMCID: PMC7527620 DOI: 10.1016/j.ijscr.2020.09.114] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/27/2020] [Revised: 09/15/2020] [Accepted: 09/15/2020] [Indexed: 12/21/2022] Open
Abstract
Gallbladdercarcinosarcoma is a rare disease: The first case of a carcinosarcoma of the gallbladder (CSGB) was reported by Landsteiner in 1907. Up to now less than 100 Cases have been reported in the literature. Non-specific signs: the clinical (abdominal pain, weight loss and jaundice, biological (including inflammatory sign, hepatic result), and radiological signs are nonspecific of gallbladder carcinosarcoma, The final diagnosis is anatomopathological of the specimen. The diagnosis is delayed: Because of the nonspecific symptoms, a delayed diagnosis is generally associated with CSGB. Only 54 cases have undergone surgical resection as a treatment. Surgical treatment remains the only cure for gallbladder carcinosarcoma: Chemotherapy and/or radiotherapy’s roles, they remain unclear because of the limited number of cases described in the literature, as chemotherapy has shown no a significant benefit in terms of morbidity or mortality. Prognosis: The prognosis of this disease is normally poor. Most cases present with locally advanced disease and metastasis.
Introduction Gallbladder Carcinosarcoma is a rare and fatal cancer characterized by the presence of a combination of a cancerous epithelial and mesenchymal components. Presentation of case We present the case of a 66 years old patient with a carcinoma gallbladder carcinoma who received a surgical treatment. The histological assessment revealed two histological components consisting of an adenocarcinoma and a spindle cell sarcoma compatible with the carcinosarcoma. Discussion This cancer is known to be extremely severe in that less than 100 cases have been documented in international medical review of literature. surgical treatment remains the only cure for gallbladder carcinosarcoma, The prognosis of this disease is extremely poor because it normally presents at advanced stages. Conclusion We present an extremely rare example of carcinosarcoma, and its attributes might be suggestive of a greater malignant potential. Consequently, the later the diagnosed worse is the prognosis.
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7
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Kaneko R, Kimura Y, Sakata H, Ikehara T, Mitomi H, Uekusa T, Ohbu M, Kubo S. A case of primary hepatic mixed neuroendocrine-non-neuroendocrine tumor (MiNEN) associated with gallbladder carcinosarcoma. Clin J Gastroenterol 2020; 13:1280-1288. [PMID: 32779146 DOI: 10.1007/s12328-020-01202-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/01/2020] [Accepted: 07/31/2020] [Indexed: 12/13/2022]
Abstract
A woman in her seventies visited our hospital because of abdominal pain. Multiple hepatic tumors were detected and a liver biopsy revealed mixed neuroendocrine-non-neuroendocrine neoplasm (MiNEN), which was composed of cholangiocellular carcinoma and neuroendocrine tumor (NET). Diagnostic imaging ruled out primary malignancies other than the liver and identified that the tumor originated from the liver. Because a predominant and aggressive part of the tumor was considered to be cholangiocellular carcinoma, gemcitabine and S-1 were used as first-line treatment. After the treatment, octreotide acetate was administered for the NET component, followed by transcatheter arterial embolization. Subsequently, her gallbladder (GB) rapidly swelled with biliary tract obstruction, and cholecystectomy revealed carcinosarcoma of the GB. She is still undergoing treatment at 44 months after diagnosis. Herein we report this case of primary hepatic MiNEN consisting of cholangiocarcinoma and NET, followed by GB carcinosarcoma. This is the first case illustrating that a multidisciplinary treatment approach for MiNEN accompanied with carcinosarcoma, involving assessment and treatment targeting the most aggressive component, can result in a long survival time.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rena Kaneko
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kanto Rosai Hospital, Kizukisumiyoshi-cho, Nakahara-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 211-8510, Japan.
| | - Yusuke Kimura
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kanto Rosai Hospital, Kizukisumiyoshi-cho, Nakahara-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 211-8510, Japan.,Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine (Omori), School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Toho University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroki Sakata
- Department of Surgery, Kanto Rosai Hospital, Kawaski, Japan
| | - Takashi Ikehara
- Department of Gastroenterology, Kanto Rosai Hospital, Kizukisumiyoshi-cho, Nakahara-ku, Kawasaki, Kanagawa, 211-8510, Japan.,Division of Gastroenterology and Hepatology, Department of Internal Medicine (Omori), School of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Toho University, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Mitomi
- Department of Diagnostic Pathology, Odawara Municipal Hospital, Odawara, Japan
| | | | - Makoto Ohbu
- Division of Pathology, Kitasato University Medical Center, Sagamihara, Japan
| | - Shoji Kubo
- Department of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Osaka City University Graduate School of Medicine, Osaka, Japan
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8
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Matsubayashi H, Matsui T, Sugiura T, Makuuchi R, Kaneko J, Satoh J, Satoh T, Fujie S, Ishiwatari H, Sasaki K, Ono H. A Large Carcinosarcoma of the Gallbladder Accompanied by Pancreaticobiliary Maljunction: A Case with a Six-year Survival. Intern Med 2019; 58:2809-2817. [PMID: 31243200 PMCID: PMC6815897 DOI: 10.2169/internalmedicine.2783-19] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Pancreatobiliary maljunction (PBM) is a rare congenital malformation, often associated with adenocarcinoma. However, PBM accompanying gallbladder carcinosarcoma has rarely been reported. A 72-year-old woman was referred to our hospital, complaining of abdominal pain. Computed tomography showed a polypoid mass in the gallbladder. Endoscopic retrograde cholangiopancreatography showed PBM, and aspirated bile demonstrated elevated levels of pancreatic-type amylase (26,780 U/L) and cancer cells. Extended cholecystectomy was performed. Histologically, the tumor had adenocarcinoma, squamous cell carcinoma and sarcoma components. Despite the large tumor size (84 mm) and intra-vessel cancer permeations, this patient has been healthy for 73 months since the surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Toru Matsui
- Division of Endoscopy, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Japan
| | - Teichi Sugiura
- Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Japan
| | - Rie Makuuchi
- Division of Gastric Surgery, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Japan
| | | | - Junya Satoh
- Division of Endoscopy, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Japan
| | | | - Shinya Fujie
- Division of Endoscopy, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Japan
| | | | - Keiko Sasaki
- Division of Pathology, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Japan
| | - Hiroyuki Ono
- Division of Endoscopy, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Japan
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9
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Taskin OC, Akkas G, Memis B, Seven IE, Basturk O, Jang KT, Roa JC, Araya JC, Bellolio E, Losada H, Sarmiento J, Balci S, Pehlivanoglu B, Reid MD, Koshiol J, Adsay V. Sarcomatoid carcinomas of the gallbladder: clinicopathologic characteristics. Virchows Arch 2019; 475:59-66. [PMID: 31177317 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-019-02583-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2018] [Revised: 04/16/2019] [Accepted: 05/07/2019] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Sarcomatoid carcinomas recently came into the spotlight through genetic profiling studies and also as a distinct model of epithelial-mesenchymal transition. The literature on sarcomatoid carcinomas of gallbladder is limited. In this study, 656 gallbladder carcinomas (GBC) were reviewed. Eleven (1.7%) with a sarcomatoid component were identified and analyzed in comparison with ordinary GBC (O-GBC). Patients included 9 females and 2 males (F/M = 4.5 vs. 3.9) with a mean age-at-diagnosis of 71 (vs. 64). The median tumor size was 4.6 cm (vs. 2.5; P = 0.01). Nine patients (84%) presented with advanced stage (pT3/4) tumor (vs. 48%). An adenocarcinoma component constituting 1-75% of the tumor was present in nine, and eight had surface dysplasia/CIS; either in situ or invasive carcinoma was present in all cases. An intracholecystic papillary-tubular neoplasm was identified in one. Seven showed pleomorphic-sarcomatoid pattern, and four showed subtle/bland elongated spindle cells. Three had an angiosarcomatoid pattern. Two had heterologous elements. One showed few osteoclast-like giant cells, only adjacent to osteoid. Immunohistochemically, vimentin, was positive in six of six; P53 expression was > 60% in six of six, keratins in six of seven, and p63 in two of six. Actin, desmin, and S100 were negative. The median Ki67 index was 40%. In the follow-up, one died peri-operatively, eight died of disease within 3 to 8 months (vs. 26 months median survival for O-GBC), and two were alive at 9 and 15 months. The behavior overall was worse than ordinary adenocarcinomas in general but was not different when grade and stage were matched. In summary, sarcomatoid component is identified in < 2% of GBC. Unlike sarcomatoid carcinomas in the remainder of pancreatobiliary tract, these are seldom of the "osteoclastic" type and patients present with large/advanced stage tumors. Limited data suggests that these tumors are aggressive with rapid mortality unlike pancreatic osteoclastic ones which often have indolent behavior.
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Affiliation(s)
- Orhun Cig Taskin
- Department of Pathology, Koç University Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Gizem Akkas
- Department of Pathology, Kutahya Evliya Celebi Research and Training Hospital, Kutahya, Turkey
| | - Bahar Memis
- Emory University, Atlanta, GA, USA.,TC.SBU, Sanliurfa Mehmet Akif Inan Training and Research Hospital, Sanlıurfa, Turkey
| | - Ipek Erbarut Seven
- Department of Pathology, Marmara University Pendik Research and Training Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey
| | - Olca Basturk
- Wayne State University, Detroit, MI, USA.,Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY, USA
| | - Kee-Taek Jang
- Department of Pathology and Translational Genomics, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Republic of Korea
| | - Juan C Roa
- Department of Pathology, Pontificia Universidad Catolica de Chile, Santiago, Chile
| | - Juan Carlos Araya
- Department of Pathology, Hospital Dr. Hernan Henriquez Aravena, Temuco, Chile
| | - Enrique Bellolio
- Anatomic Pathology Department, Universidad de La Frontera, Claro Solar 115, Temuco, Chile
| | - Hector Losada
- Department of Surgery and Traumatology, Universidad de La Frontera, Temuco, Chile
| | | | | | | | | | - Jill Koshiol
- Division of Cancer Epidemiology & Genetics, National Cancer Institute, Infections and Immunoepidemiology Branch, NCI, NIH, Rockville, MD, USA
| | - Volkan Adsay
- Department of Pathology, Koç University Hospital, Istanbul, Turkey.
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10
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Lee SY, Shia J, Kingham TP, Jarnagin WR. Carcinosarcoma of the bile duct: a case report and review of literature. Hepatobiliary Surg Nutr 2016; 5:72-8. [PMID: 26904559 DOI: 10.3978/j.issn.2304-3881.2015.06.09] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Carcinosarcomas of the bile ducts are very rare tumors consisting of both epithelial and mesenchymal elements. We report a case of bile duct carcinosarcoma and its clinical, radiological and pathological features and a brief review on this rare condition.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ser Yee Lee
- 1 Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA ; 2 Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary and Transplant Surgery, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore ; 3 Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - Jinru Shia
- 1 Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA ; 2 Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary and Transplant Surgery, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore ; 3 Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - T Peter Kingham
- 1 Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA ; 2 Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary and Transplant Surgery, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore ; 3 Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
| | - William R Jarnagin
- 1 Department of Surgery, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA ; 2 Department of Hepatopancreatobiliary and Transplant Surgery, Singapore General Hospital, Singapore ; 3 Department of Pathology, Memorial Sloan Kettering Cancer Center, New York, NY 10065, USA
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Doval DC, Azam S, Mehta A, Pruthi A, Batra U, Choudhury KD, Kumar K. A report of sarcomatoid carcinoma of the gallbladder treated with palliative deocetaxel and gemcitabine chemotherapy. J Gastrointest Cancer 2015; 45 Suppl 1:270-4. [PMID: 25326734 DOI: 10.1007/s12029-014-9654-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Dinesh Chandra Doval
- Department of Medical Oncology, Rajiv Gandhi Cancer Institute and Research Centre, Sector 5, Rohini, Delhi, 110085, India,
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12
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Wong MW, Chen MJ, Chen CJ, Hung CY, Wang HY, Chang CW. Gallbladder sarcomatoid carcinoma: A case report and review of current literature. ADVANCES IN DIGESTIVE MEDICINE 2015. [DOI: 10.1016/j.aidm.2014.10.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
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