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Murueta-Goyena A, Del Pino R, Acera M, Teijeira-Portas S, Romero D, Ayala U, Fernández-Valle T, Tijero B, Gabilondo I, Gómez Esteban JC. Retinal thickness as a biomarker of cognitive impairment in manifest Huntington's disease. J Neurol 2023:10.1007/s00415-023-11720-3. [PMID: 37079031 DOI: 10.1007/s00415-023-11720-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/05/2023] [Revised: 04/06/2023] [Accepted: 04/07/2023] [Indexed: 04/21/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Cognitive decline has been reported in premanifest and manifest Huntington's disease but reliable biomarkers are lacking. Inner retinal layer thickness seems to be a good biomarker of cognition in other neurodegenerative diseases. OBJECTIVE To explore the relationship between optical coherence tomography-derived metrics and global cognition in Huntington's Disease. METHODS Thirty-six patients with Huntington's disease (16 premanifest and 20 manifest) and 36 controls matched by age, sex, smoking status, and hypertension status underwent macular volumetric and peripapillary optical coherence tomography scans. Disease duration, motor status, global cognition and CAG repeats were recorded in patients. Group differences in imaging parameters and their association with clinical outcomes were analyzed using linear mixed-effect models. RESULTS Premanifest and manifest Huntington's disease patients presented thinner retinal external limiting membrane-Bruch's membrane complex, and manifest patients had thinner temporal peripapillary retinal nerve fiber layer compared to controls. In manifest Huntington's disease, macular thickness was significantly associated with MoCA scores, inner nuclear layer showing the largest regression coefficients. This relationship was consistent after adjusting for age, sex, and education and p-value correction with False Discovery Rate. None of the retinal variables were related to Unified Huntington's Disease Rating Scale score, disease duration, or disease burden. Premanifest patients did not show a significant association between OCT-derived parameters and clinical outcomes in corrected models. CONCLUSIONS In line with other neurodegenerative diseases, OCT is a potential biomarker of cognitive status in manifest HD. Future prospective studies are needed to evaluate OCT as a potential surrogate marker of cognitive decline in HD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ane Murueta-Goyena
- Neurodegenerative Diseases Group, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain.
- Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine and Nursery, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48930, Leioa, Spain.
| | - Rocío Del Pino
- Neurodegenerative Diseases Group, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain
| | - Marian Acera
- Neurodegenerative Diseases Group, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain
| | - Sara Teijeira-Portas
- Neurodegenerative Diseases Group, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain
| | - David Romero
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Mondragon University, Mondragon, Spain
| | - Unai Ayala
- Biomedical Engineering Department, Faculty of Engineering, Mondragon University, Mondragon, Spain
| | - Tamara Fernández-Valle
- Neurodegenerative Diseases Group, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain
- Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine and Nursery, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48930, Leioa, Spain
- Neurology Department, Cruces University Hospital, Osakidetza, Barakaldo, Spain
| | - Beatriz Tijero
- Neurodegenerative Diseases Group, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain
- Neurology Department, Cruces University Hospital, Osakidetza, Barakaldo, Spain
| | - Iñigo Gabilondo
- Neurodegenerative Diseases Group, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain
- IKERBASQUE, The Basque Foundation for Science, Bilbao, Spain
| | - Juan Carlos Gómez Esteban
- Neurodegenerative Diseases Group, Biocruces Bizkaia Health Research Institute, Barakaldo, Spain
- Department of Neurosciences, Faculty of Medicine and Nursery, University of the Basque Country (UPV/EHU), 48930, Leioa, Spain
- Neurology Department, Cruces University Hospital, Osakidetza, Barakaldo, Spain
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Othman SF, Sharanjeet‐kaur, Manan FA, Zulkarnain AI, Mohamad Z, Ariffin AE. Macular thickness as determined by optical coherence tomography in relation to degree of myopia, axial length and vitreous chamber depth in Malay subjects. Clin Exp Optom 2021; 95:484-91. [DOI: 10.1111/j.1444-0938.2012.00752.x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/22/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Shah Farez Othman
- Faculty of Optometry & Vision Sciences, SEGi University College, Selangor, Malaysia
- Optometry & Vision Science Programme, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
- National Institute of Ophthalmic Sciences, Tun Hussein Onn National Eye Hospital, Selangor, Malaysia. E‐mail:
| | - Sharanjeet‐kaur
- Optometry & Vision Science Programme, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Faudziah Abd Manan
- Optometry & Vision Science Programme, Faculty of Health Sciences, Universiti Kebangsaan Malaysia, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | | | - Zainal Mohamad
- National Institute of Ophthalmic Sciences, Tun Hussein Onn National Eye Hospital, Selangor, Malaysia. E‐mail:
| | - Azrin E Ariffin
- Faculty of Optometry & Vision Sciences, SEGi University College, Selangor, Malaysia
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Heritability of Inner Retinal Layer and Outer Retinal Layer Thickness: The Healthy Twin Study. Sci Rep 2020; 10:3519. [PMID: 32103112 PMCID: PMC7044332 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-020-60612-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/05/2019] [Accepted: 02/04/2020] [Indexed: 12/12/2022] Open
Abstract
The purpose of the study is to evaluate the heritability of inner retinal layer (IRL) and outer retinal layer (ORL) thicknesses in the healthy Korean population. This was a cross-sectional, twin and family study. We included 374 Korean adults with healthy eyes from 89 families. IRL thickness (from the internal limiting membrane to the external limiting membrane) and ORL thickness (from the external limiting membrane to the outer border of the retinal pigment epithelium layer) were measured in the nine macular subfields as defined by the Early Treatment of Diabetic Retinopathy Study using optical coherence tomography. The heritability on IRL and ORL thicknesses were investigated using a variance decomposition model. The heritability of IRL thickness was 0.87, 0.58, 0.85, 0.89, and 0.74 for the central, inner superior, inner inferior, inner temporal, inner nasal subfields, respectively; and 0.62, 0.83, 0.62, and 0.60 for the outer superior, outer inferior, outer temporal, outer nasal subfields, respectively. The heritability of ORL thickness was 0.56, 0.75, 0.66, 0.72, and 0.56 for the central, inner superior, inner inferior, inner temporal, inner nasal subfields, respectively; and 0.64, 0.63, 0.73, 0.54 for the outer superior, outer inferior, outer temporal, and outer nasal subfields, respectively. The heritability estimates of IRL thickness and ORL thickness ranged from moderate to high. The IRL thickness at the central, inner temporal, and inner inferior subfields had particularly high heritability.
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Meng W, Chan BW, Ezeonwumelu C, Hébert HL, Campbell A, Soler V, Palmer CN. A genome-wide association study implicates that the TTC39C gene is associated with diabetic maculopathy with decreased visual acuity. Ophthalmic Genet 2019; 40:252-258. [PMID: 31264924 DOI: 10.1080/13816810.2019.1633549] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Background: Diabetic maculopathy is a form of diabetic retinopathy. The visual acuity of one third of patients with diabetic maculopathy will be affected. The purpose of this study was to identify genetic contributors of diabetic maculopathy with decreased visual acuity based on a genome-wide association approach using a well-defined Scottish diabetic cohort. Methods: We used linked e-health records of diabetic patients to define our cases and controls. The cases in this study were defined as type 2 diabetic patients who had ever been recorded in the linked e-health records as having maculopathy (observable or referable) in at least one eye and whose visual acuity of the eye was recorded to have decreased between the first and the last visual acuity record of that eye in the longitudinal e-health records. The controls were defined as a type 2 diabetic individual who had never been diagnosed with maculopathy or retinopathy in the linked e-health records. Anyone who had laser photocoagulation treatment was also excluded from the controls. A standard genome-wide association approach was applied. Results: Overall, we identified 469 cases and 1,374 controls within the Genetics of Diabetes Audit and Research in Tayside Scotland (GoDARTS) dataset. We found that the P value of rs9966620 in the TTC39C gene was 4.13x10-8, which reached genome-wide significance. Conclusions: We suggest that the TTC39C gene is associated with diabetic maculopathy with decreased visual acuity. This needs to be confirmed by further replication studies and functional studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Weihua Meng
- a Division of Population Health and Genomics , Medical Research Institute, Ninewells Hospital and School of Medicine, University of Dundee , Dundee , UK
| | - Brian W Chan
- a Division of Population Health and Genomics , Medical Research Institute, Ninewells Hospital and School of Medicine, University of Dundee , Dundee , UK
| | - Chinenyenwa Ezeonwumelu
- a Division of Population Health and Genomics , Medical Research Institute, Ninewells Hospital and School of Medicine, University of Dundee , Dundee , UK
| | - Harry L Hébert
- a Division of Population Health and Genomics , Medical Research Institute, Ninewells Hospital and School of Medicine, University of Dundee , Dundee , UK
| | - Amy Campbell
- a Division of Population Health and Genomics , Medical Research Institute, Ninewells Hospital and School of Medicine, University of Dundee , Dundee , UK
| | - Vencent Soler
- b Retina unit, Ophthalmology department , Hôpital Pierre Paul Riquet, CHU Toulouse, 31059 Toulouse Cedex 9; Unité "Différenciation Epithéliale et Autoimmunité Rhumatoïde", UMR 1056 Inserm - Université de Toulouse , France
| | - Colin Na Palmer
- a Division of Population Health and Genomics , Medical Research Institute, Ninewells Hospital and School of Medicine, University of Dundee , Dundee , UK
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Abbott CJ, Grünert U, Pianta MJ, McBrien NA. Retinal thinning in tree shrews with induced high myopia: optical coherence tomography and histological assessment. Vision Res 2010; 51:376-85. [PMID: 21156186 DOI: 10.1016/j.visres.2010.12.005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2010] [Revised: 12/03/2010] [Accepted: 12/06/2010] [Indexed: 11/25/2022]
Abstract
This study determined retinal thinning in a mammalian model of high myopia using optical coherence tomography (OCT) and histological sections from the same retinal tissue. High myopia was induced in three tree shrews (Tupaia belangeri) by deprivation of form vision via lid suture of one eye, with the other eye a control. Ocular biometry data was obtained by Ascan ultrasonography, keratometry and retinoscopy. The Zeiss StratusOCT was used to obtain Bscans in vivo across the retina. Subsequently, eyes were enucleated and retinas fixed, dehydrated, embedded and sectioned. Treated eyes developed a high degree of axial myopia (-15.9 ± 2.3D; n = 3). The OCT analysis showed that in myopic eyes the nasal retina thinned more than the temporal retina relative to the disc (p=0.005). Histology showed that the retinas in the myopic eyes comprise all layers but were thinner than the retinas in normal and control eyes. Detailed thickness measurements in corresponding locations of myopic and control eyes in superior nasal retina using longitudinal reflectivity profiles from OCT and semithin vertical histological sections showed the percentage of retinal thinning in the myopic eyes was similar between methods (OCT 15.34 ± 5.69%; histology 17.61 ± 3.02%; p = 0.10). Analysis of retinal layers revealed that the inner plexiform, inner nuclear and outer plexiform layers thin the most. Cell density measurements showed all neuronal cell types are involved in retinal thinning. The results indicate that in vivo OCT measurements can accurately detect retinal thinning in high myopia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Carla J Abbott
- Department of Optometry and Vision Sciences, The University of Melbourne, Parkville, Victoria 3010, Australia.
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Sanfilippo PG, Hewitt AW, Hammond CJ, Mackey DA. The heritability of ocular traits. Surv Ophthalmol 2010; 55:561-83. [PMID: 20851442 DOI: 10.1016/j.survophthal.2010.07.003] [Citation(s) in RCA: 90] [Impact Index Per Article: 6.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2009] [Revised: 07/23/2010] [Accepted: 07/27/2010] [Indexed: 12/17/2022]
Abstract
Heritability is the proportion of phenotypic variation in a population that is attributable to genetic variation among individuals. Many ophthalmic disorders and biometric traits are known to have a genetic basis and consequently much work has been published in the literature estimating the heritability of various ocular parameters. We collated and summarized the findings of heritability studies conducted in the field of ophthalmology. We grouped the various studies broadly by phenotype as follows: refraction, primary open-angle glaucoma, age-related macular degeneration (AMD), cataract, diabetic retinopathy, and others. A total of 82 articles were retrieved from the literature relating to estimation of heritability for an ocular disease or biometric trait; of these, 37 papers were concerned with glaucoma, 28 with refraction, 4 with AMD, 5 with diabetic retinopathy, and 4 with cataract. The highest reported heritability for an ophthalmic trait is 0.99 for the phenotype ≥ 20 small hard drusen, indicating that observed variation in this parameter is largely governed by genetic factors. Over 60% of the studies employed a twin study design and a similar percentage utilized variance components methods and structural equation modeling (SEM) to derive their heritability values. Using modern SEM techniques, heritability estimates derived from twin subjects were generally higher than those from family data. Many of the estimates are in the moderate to high range, but to date the majority of genetic variants accounting for these findings have not been uncovered, hence much work remains to be undertaken to elucidate fully their molecular etiology.
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Affiliation(s)
- Paul G Sanfilippo
- Centre for Eye Research Australia, University of Melbourne, Royal Victorian Eye and Ear Hospital, Melbourne, Australia.
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Wexler A, Sand T, Elsås TB. Macular thickness measurements in healthy Norwegian volunteers: an optical coherence tomography study. BMC Ophthalmol 2010; 10:13. [PMID: 20465801 PMCID: PMC2885325 DOI: 10.1186/1471-2415-10-13] [Citation(s) in RCA: 30] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/16/2009] [Accepted: 05/13/2010] [Indexed: 02/06/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Ethnic, intersubject, interoperator and intermachine differences in measured macular thickness seem to exist. Our purpose was to collect normative macular thickness data in Norwegians and to evaluate the association between macular thickness and age, gender, parity, and contraception status. METHODS Retinal thickness was measured by Stratus Optical Coherence Tomography in healthy subjects. Mean macular thickness (MMT) was analyzed by repeated measures ANOVA with three dependent regional MMT-variables for interaction with age, gender, parity and oral contraception use. Exploratory correlation with age by the Pearson correlation test, both before and after stratification by gender was performed. Differences in MMT between older and younger subjects, between oral contraception users and non-users, as well as parous and nulliparous women were studied by post-hoc Student's t-tests. RESULTS Central MMT in Norwegians was similar to values earlier reported in whites. MMT in central areas of 1 and 2.25 mm in diameter were higher in males than in females. In younger subjects (< or =43 years) differences in MMT between genders were larger than in the mixed age group, whereas in older subjects (>43 years) the small differences did not reach the set significance level. No differences were found in minimal foveolar thickness (MMFT) between the genders in any age group.Mean foveal thickness (1 mm in diameter) was positively associated with age in females (r = 0.28, p = 0.03). MMFT was positively associated with age in all groups and reached significance both in females and in mixed gender group (r = 0.20, p = 0.041 and r = 0.26, p = 0.044 respectively).Mean foveal thickness and MMFT were significantly higher in parous than in nulliparous women, and age-adjusted ANOVA for MMFT revealed a borderline effect of parity. CONCLUSIONS Age and gender should be taken into consideration when establishing normal ranges for MMT in younger subjects. The gender difference in retinal thickness in young, but not older adults suggests a gonadal hormonal influence. The possible association between parity and retinal structure and its clinical relevance, should be studied further.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Wexler
- Department of Ophthalmology, St. Olavs University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway.
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