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Shi T, Chen H. Bergmeister papilla with optic disc pit maculopathy. Eye (Lond) 2024:10.1038/s41433-024-03203-0. [PMID: 38951675 DOI: 10.1038/s41433-024-03203-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/20/2024] [Revised: 05/22/2024] [Accepted: 06/21/2024] [Indexed: 07/03/2024] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Tingkun Shi
- Joint Shantou International Eye Center, Shantou University & Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shantou, China
| | - Haoyu Chen
- Joint Shantou International Eye Center, Shantou University & Chinese University of Hong Kong, Shantou, China.
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Chun YS, Moon NJ, Kim US, Yeo JH, Jeong JH. Effect of Bergmeister papilla on disc parameters in spectral domain optical coherence tomography. Eye (Lond) 2024; 38:980-987. [PMID: 37980399 DOI: 10.1038/s41433-023-02818-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/26/2022] [Revised: 10/18/2023] [Accepted: 10/30/2023] [Indexed: 11/20/2023] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To investigate the morphological characteristics of Bergmeister papilla (BMP), a persistent hyaloid remnant tissue, and its effects on the measurements and repeatability of spectral-domain optical coherence tomography (OCT). SUBJECTS/METHODS The subjects of this prospective cross-sectional study including 83 patients with BMP and 76 unaffected individuals, all had open-angle structures. Images, including a 5-line raster and three consecutive optic disc cube scans centred on the optic disc, were acquired using the Cirrus high-definition OCT. BMP's structural characteristics were classified based on the raster scan images, and repeatability of acquiring optic nerve head and retinal nerve fibre layer parameters acquisition was analysed by calculating the test-retest standard deviation (Sw), coefficient of variance (CV), and intraclass correlation coefficient. RESULTS BMPs (n = 83) were categorised into lifting edge (LE) type (63.9%, n = 53), which partially covers the edge of the optic nerve head, and covering disc (CD) type (36.1%, n = 30), which completely covers the cupping area like a cap. The average cup-to-disc ratio (0.58 ± 0.21), vertical cup-to-disc ratio (0.55 ± 0.21), and cup volume (0.22 ± 0.22) of the CD type were lower than those of the LE type (0.66 ± 0.13, 0.64 ± 0.13, and 0.4 ± 0.27, respectively; all P < 0.05). Tolerability indices for repeatability of cup volume (Sw = 0.40 and CV = 0.36) and inferonasal (4 o'clock) retinal nerve fibre layer (Sw = 0.27 and CV = 0.25) in LE-type BMPs exceeded the cut-off value (0.22) and demonstrated stronger correlation with BMP location than that of the controls. CONCLUSION Caution should be exercised when interpreting OCT findings in eyes with BMP, as BMP can introduce a pitfall in OCT imaging.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yeoun Sook Chun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Nam Ju Moon
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chung-Ang University Hospital, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
| | - Ungsoo Samuel Kim
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chung-Ang University Gwangmyeong Hospital, Gwangmyeong City, Gyeonggido, Korea
| | - Joon Hyung Yeo
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chung-Ang University Gwangmyeong Hospital, Gwangmyeong City, Gyeonggido, Korea
| | - Jae Hoon Jeong
- Department of Ophthalmology, College of Medicine Chung-Ang University, Seoul, Korea.
- Department of Ophthalmology, Chung-Ang University Gwangmyeong Hospital, Gwangmyeong City, Gyeonggido, Korea.
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Landau Prat D, Kapelushnik N, Zloto O, Leshno A, Klang E, Sina S, Segev S, Arazi M, Soudry S, Ben Simon GJ. Prevalence of common and rare ophthalmic findings in adults attending a medical survey institute. Int Ophthalmol 2024; 44:43. [PMID: 38334834 PMCID: PMC10857980 DOI: 10.1007/s10792-024-03026-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2023] [Accepted: 01/11/2024] [Indexed: 02/10/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To examine the ophthalmic data from a large database of people attending a general medical survey institute, and to investigate ophthalmic findings of the eye and its adnexa, including differences in age and sex. METHODS Retrospective analysis including medical data of all consecutive individuals whose ophthalmic data and the prevalences of ocular pathologies were extracted from a very large database of subjects examined at a single general medical survey institute. RESULTS Data were derived from 184,589 visits of 3676 patients (mean age 52 years, 68% males). The prevalence of the following eye pathologies were extracted. Eyelids: blepharitis (n = 4885, 13.3%), dermatochalasis (n = 4666, 12.7%), ptosis (n = 677, 1.8%), ectropion (n = 73, 0.2%), and xanthelasma (n = 160, 0.4%). Anterior segment: pinguecula (n = 3368, 9.2%), pterygium (n = 852, 2.3%), and cataract or pseudophakia (n = 9381, 27.1%). Cataract type (percentage of all phakic patients): nuclear sclerosis (n = 8908, 24.2%), posterior subcapsular (n = 846, 2.3%), and capsular anterior (n = 781, 2.1%). Pseudophakia was recorded for 697 patients (4.6%), and posterior subcapsular opacification for 229 (0.6%) patients. Optic nerve head (ONH): peripapillary atrophy (n = 4947, 13.5%), tilted disc (n = 3344, 9.1%), temporal slope (n = 410, 1.1%), ONH notch (n = 61, 0.2%), myelinated nerve fiber layer (n = 94, 0.3%), ONH drusen (n = 37, 0.1%), optic pit (n = 3, 0.0%), and ON coloboma (n = 4, 0.0%). Most pathologies were more common in males except for ONH, and most pathologies demonstrated a higher prevalence with increasing age. CONCLUSIONS Normal ophthalmic data and the prevalences of ocular pathologies were extracted from a very large database of subjects seen at a single medical survey institute.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daphna Landau Prat
- Goldschleger Eye Institute, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel.
- Talpiot Medical Leadership Program, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel.
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel.
| | - Noa Kapelushnik
- Goldschleger Eye Institute, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel
| | - Ofira Zloto
- Goldschleger Eye Institute, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
- Talpiot Medical Leadership Program, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel
| | - Ari Leshno
- Goldschleger Eye Institute, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
- Talpiot Medical Leadership Program, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel
| | - Eyal Klang
- Talpiot Medical Leadership Program, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel
- The Sami Sagol AI Hub, ARC Innovation Center, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Sigal Sina
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel
| | - Shlomo Segev
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel
- Institute for Medical Screening, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
| | - Mattan Arazi
- Goldschleger Eye Institute, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel
| | | | - Guy J Ben Simon
- Goldschleger Eye Institute, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
- Talpiot Medical Leadership Program, Sheba Medical Center, Tel Hashomer, Israel
- Faculty of Medicine, Tel-Aviv University, Ramat Aviv, Israel
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Mukriyani H, Malmqvist L, Subhi Y, Hamann S. Prevalence of optic disc drusen: A systematic review, meta-analysis and forecasting study. Acta Ophthalmol 2024; 102:15-24. [PMID: 37144704 DOI: 10.1111/aos.15690] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/27/2023] [Revised: 04/02/2023] [Accepted: 04/21/2023] [Indexed: 05/06/2023]
Abstract
Optic disc drusen (ODD) are calcium-containing deposits in the optic nerve head, capable of causing visual field defects and sudden visual loss. The underlying pathophysiology remains inadequately understood and treatment options are missing. In this paper, we systematically reviewed prevalence studies of ODD in non-selected populations to provide an overview of its prevalence, conducted meta-analyses to determine modality-specific prevalence estimates and performed a forecasting study to estimate current and future global population number of individuals with ODD. We searched 11 literature databases on 25 October 2022 for prevalence studies of ODD in non-selected populations. Eight eligible studies provided data from a total of 27 463 individuals. Prevalence estimates were stratified according to diagnostic modalities: ophthalmoscopy 0.37% (95% CI: 0.10-0.95%), fundus photography 0.12% (95% CI: 0.03-0.24%), spectral domain optical coherence tomography with enhanced depth imaging 2.21% (95% CI: 1.25-3.42%) and histopathology 1.82% (95% CI: 1.32-2.38%). Using histopathology-based summary prevalence estimate, we forecast 145 million individuals with ODD currently, a number expected to increase further due to world population growth. These numbers underscore the importance of including ODD in health education and highlight the necessity of continuing research in ODD.
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Affiliation(s)
- Hiwa Mukriyani
- Department of Ophthalmology, Rigshospitalet, Glostrup, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
| | - Lasse Malmqvist
- Department of Ophthalmology, Rigshospitalet, Glostrup, Denmark
| | - Yousif Subhi
- Department of Ophthalmology, Rigshospitalet, Glostrup, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, Odense, Denmark
| | - Steffen Hamann
- Department of Ophthalmology, Rigshospitalet, Glostrup, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Medicine, University of Copenhagen, Copenhagen, Denmark
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Fujimoto S, Kokame GT, Ryan EH, Johnson MW, Hirakata A, Shirriff A, Ishikawa H, Adams OE, Bommakanti N. Macular Retinoschisis from Optic Disc without a Visible Optic Pit or Advanced Glaucomatous Cupping (No Optic Pit Retinoschisis [NOPIR]). Ophthalmol Retina 2023; 7:811-818. [PMID: 37271192 DOI: 10.1016/j.oret.2023.05.020] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 05/18/2023] [Accepted: 05/26/2023] [Indexed: 06/06/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To review eyes with peripapillary and macular retinoschisis without a visible optic pit or advanced glaucomatous optic atrophy, or No Optic Pit Retinoschisis (NOPIR). DESIGN Retrospective multicenter case series. SUBJECTS The study included 11 eyes of 11 patients. METHODS Retrospective study of eyes with macular retinoschisis without a visible optic pit, advanced optic nerve head cupping, or macular leakage on fluorescein angiography. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Visual acuity (VA), retinoschisis resolution, months to resolution, and recurrence of retinoschisis RESULTS: The mean age was 68.1 ± 17.6 years, mean intraocular pressure was 17.4 ± 3.8 mmHg, and the mean spherical equivalent refractive error was -3.1 ± 2.9 diopters. No subject had pathologic myopia. Seven subjects were treated for glaucoma, and 9 subjects had nerve fiber layer defects on OCT. All eyes had retinoschisis in the outer nuclear layer (ONL) in the nasal macula and extending to the edge of the optic disc, and 8 subjects had fovea-involving retinoschisis. Three nonfoveal and 4 fovea-involved eyes were observed, and 4 fovea-involved eyes with vision loss underwent surgery. Surgery involved preoperative juxtapapillary laser followed by vitrectomy and membrane and internal limiting membrane peeling with intraocular gas and face-down position. The mean baseline VA was significantly worse in the surgery group than that in the observation group (P = 0.020). Retinoschisis resolved and vision improved in all surgical cases. The mean resolution time for the surgery group was 2.75 ± 0.96 months, which was shorter than that for the observation group (28.0 ± 21.2 months; P = 0.014). No eye developed recurrence of the retinoschisis after surgery. CONCLUSIONS Peripapillary and macular retinoschisis can develop in eyes without a visible optic pit or advanced glaucomatous cupping. Eyes without foveal involvement and those with foveal involvement but only mild decrease in vision can be observed for spontaneous resolution. If there is persistent foveal involvement with vision loss, surgery can improve vision by resolving the macular retinoschisis. Surgery for fovea-involved macular retinoschisis without a visible optic pit resulted in faster anatomic resolution and better vision recovery. FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE(S) Proprietary or commercial disclosure may be found in the Footnotes and Disclosures at the end of this article.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Gregg T Kokame
- Hawaii Macula and Retina Institute, Aiea, Hawaii; University of Hawaii John A Burns School of Medicine, Honolulu, Hawaii.
| | | | - Mark W Johnson
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
| | - Akito Hirakata
- Department of Ophthalmology, Kyorin University School of Medicine, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Ashley Shirriff
- University of Hawaii John A Burns School of Medicine, Honolulu, Hawaii
| | - Hiroshi Ishikawa
- Department of Ophthalmology, Casey Eye Institute, Oregon Health & Science University, Portland, Oregon
| | | | - Nikhil Bommakanti
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, University of Michigan, Ann Arbor, Michigan
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Daniel E, Addis V, Maguire MG, McGeehan B, Chen M, Salowe RJ, Zenebe-Gete S, Meer E, Lee R, Smith E, Gudiseva HV, Sankar PS, O'Brien JM. Prevalence and Factors Associated with Optic Disc Tilt in the Primary Open-Angle African American Glaucoma Genetics Study. Ophthalmol Glaucoma 2022; 5:544-553. [PMID: 35151898 PMCID: PMC9363533 DOI: 10.1016/j.ogla.2022.02.004] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/24/2021] [Revised: 02/02/2022] [Accepted: 02/04/2022] [Indexed: 10/19/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To investigate the prevalence and factors associated with optic disc tilt in the eyes of Black Americans with glaucoma. DESIGN Cross-sectional. PARTICIPANTS Subjects with glaucoma participating in the Primary Open-Angle African American Glaucoma Genetics (POAAGG) study. METHODS Stereo pairs of optic disc images were assessed independently by POAAGG-certified nonphysician graders for quantitative features including maximum and minimum linear disc diameters, and qualitative features including gradeability of images, shape of the cup, rim plane position, β-peripapillary atrophy, sloping region adjacent to the outer disc margin, and rim pallor. Discrepancies were adjudicated by an ophthalmologist. Descriptive statistics and P values were generated for associations of tilt with demographic and ocular characteristics. Stepwise multivariable analysis was performed with logistic regression using Generalized Estimating Equations (GEEs) to account for inter-eye correlation within subjects. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Tilt Ovality Index (TOI) of >1.30 and Stereoscopically Identified optic disc Tilt (SIT). RESULTS Among 1251 subjects with data on both eyes, 104 (8.3%) had TOI. Subjects with TOI were less likely to be male (adjusted odds ratio [aOR], 0.46, 95% confidence interval [CI], 0.29-0.74, P < 0.001). Eyes with TOI were less likely to have large cup disc ratios (aOR, 0.18, 95% CI, 0.06-0.53, P < 0.001) and less likely to have cylinder-shaped cups compared with conical-shaped cups (aOR, 0.31, 95% CI, 0.19-0.49, P < 0.001). Among 1007 subjects with data on both eyes, 254 (25.2%) had SIT. Subjects with SIT were younger (aOR, 0.95, 95% CI, 0.93-0.96, P < 0.001), and eyes with SIT were more likely to have oval-shaped discs compared with round discs (aOR, 1.82, 95% CI, 1.32-2.52, P < 0.001), more likely to have a sloping region adjacent to the outer disc margin instead of being flat (aOR, 3.26, 95% CI, 2.32-4.59, P < 0.001), and less likely to have cylinder-shaped cups compared with conical-shaped cups (aOR, 0.59, 95% CI, 0.41-0.85, P < 0.001). Both TOI and SIT were not associated with myopia. CONCLUSIONS There are substantial numbers of tilted optic discs in glaucoma patients with African ancestry. They occur more frequently in female subjects and younger subjects and are associated with several ocular features but not with myopia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ebenezer Daniel
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania.
| | - Victoria Addis
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Maureen G Maguire
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Brendan McGeehan
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Min Chen
- Department of Radiology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Rebecca J Salowe
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Selam Zenebe-Gete
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Elana Meer
- Perelman School of Medicine, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Roy Lee
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Eli Smith
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Harini V Gudiseva
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Prithvi S Sankar
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
| | - Joan M O'Brien
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Pennsylvania, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania
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Orman G, Aydınoglu-Candan O, Sungur G. The prevalance of congenital optic disc anomalies in Turkey: a hospital-based study. Int Ophthalmol 2022; 42:3567-3577. [PMID: 35536457 DOI: 10.1007/s10792-022-02357-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/02/2021] [Accepted: 04/18/2022] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE The aim of this study was to investigate the prevalence of congenital optic disc anomalies in Turkey. METHODS The 11,123 eyes of 5570 patients were screened for optic disc anomalies. All patients were underwent a complete ophthalmic examination including best corrected visual acuity, refraction, spherical equivalent, slit lamp biomicroscopy, intraocular pressure measurements, dilated stereoscopic fundus examination. Data analyses were performed by using SPSS for Windows, version 22.0 (SPSS Inc., Chicago, IL, United States). RESULTS 11,123 eyes of 5570 participants were screened. Of the 5570 participants who underwent optic disc examination, 246 eyes of 174 patients (3.12%, 95% CIs 2.66-3.58%) had optic disc anormalies. 92 (52.9%) were female, 82 (47.1%) were male and the mean of age was 44.25 ± 15.67 years. 72 (41.4%) patients were bilateral, 102 (58.6%) patients were unilateral involvement. The tilted disc was the most common anomaly and was found at least one eye in 46 patients (75 eyes) and 0.83% of all screened patients. Peripapillary myelinated nerve fibers was the second common anomaly and was found at least one eye in 31 subjects (35 eyes) and 0.56% of all screened subjects. Peripapillary atrophy was the third common anomaly, and was found in at least one eye in 24 patients (37 eyes) and 0.43% of all screened subjects. CONCLUSION To our knowledge, this is the first study that the prevalences of all congenital optic disc anomalies from Turkey. The prevalence of congenital optic disc anomalies is higher than in other countries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Gozde Orman
- Health Science Univercity Ankara Researching and Training Hospital, Departmant of Ophthalmolgy, Ankara, Turkey.
| | - Ozlem Aydınoglu-Candan
- Health Science Univercity Ankara Researching and Training Hospital, Departmant of Ophthalmolgy, Ankara, Turkey
| | - Gulten Sungur
- Health Science Univercity Ankara Researching and Training Hospital, Departmant of Ophthalmolgy, Ankara, Turkey
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Papageorgiou E, Lazari K, Gottlob I. Hand-held optical coherence tomography: advancements in detection and assessment of optic nerve abnormalities and disease progression monitoring. EXPERT REVIEW OF OPHTHALMOLOGY 2022. [DOI: 10.1080/17469899.2022.2060821] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Eleni Papageorgiou
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Larissa, Larissa, Greece
| | - Katerina Lazari
- Department of Ophthalmology, University Hospital of Larissa, Larissa, Greece
| | - Irene Gottlob
- Department of Neurology, Cooper Medical School of Rowan University and Cooper University Healthcare, Camden, New Jersey, USA
- Ulverscroft Eye Unit, Neuroscience, Psychology and Behaviour, Robert Kilpatrick Clinical Sciences Building, Leicester Royal Infirmary, University of Leicester, UK
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Lin Q, Deng J, Ohno-Matsui K, He X, Xu X. The Existence and Regression of Persistent Bergmeister's Papilla in Myopic Children Are Associated With Axial Length. Transl Vis Sci Technol 2021; 10:4. [PMID: 34727161 PMCID: PMC8572480 DOI: 10.1167/tvst.10.13.4] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose The purpose of this study was to evaluate the existence and regression of persistent Bergmeister's papilla (PBP) in myopic eyes and determine its independent predictors. Methods This cross-sectional population-based study included 472 eyes of 236 myopic children. PBPs were identified with swept-source optical coherence tomography (OCT) and were classified into three types (types I, II, and III) according to their morphologic features. Results The mean patient age was 12.13 ± 2.60 years (range = 5–18 years), and 118 (50%) participants were boys. The prevalence of PBPs in our study was 67.8% (160/236). There were significant differences in height, spherical equivalent (SE), and axial length (AL) between the PBP and non-PBP groups (P < 0.05). Type I PBP was noted in 173 eyes (66.8%); type II PBP in 59 eyes (22.8%); and type III PBP in 27 eyes (10.4%). The three PBP types showed significant differences in height, AL, and SE (P < 0.001). Stepwise linear regression analysis indicated that the height (B = 4.497, P < 0.001), PBP existence or not (B = −1.434, P < 0.001), and the types of PBP (B = 0.566, P = 0.041) was an independent predictor for AL, respectively. PBP was detected more frequently in the nasal quadrant than in the inferior quadrant of the disc. Conclusions PBP regression was closely related to the AL and could be used as a new biomarker to indicate the progression of myopia. Translational Relevance Our analysis of the presence and morphology of PBP might enable clinicians to judge the progression of myopia.
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Affiliation(s)
- Qiurong Lin
- Shanghai Eye Diseases Prevention & Treatment Center, Shanghai Eye Hospital, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Junjie Deng
- Shanghai Eye Diseases Prevention & Treatment Center, Shanghai Eye Hospital, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Kyoko Ohno-Matsui
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Science, Tokyo Medical and Dental University, Bunkyo-ku, Tokyo, Japan
| | - Xiangui He
- Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
| | - Xian Xu
- Shanghai Eye Diseases Prevention & Treatment Center, Shanghai Eye Hospital, Shanghai, China.,Shanghai General Hospital, Shanghai Jiao Tong University School of Medicine, Shanghai, China
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10
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A genomewide association study on individuals with occludable angles identifies potential risk loci for intraocular pressure. J Genet 2021. [DOI: 10.1007/s12041-021-01321-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
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Abstract
PURPOSE OF REVIEW The study was undertaken to assess the current importance of clinical examination of the optic nerve head (ONH) in glaucoma management. RECENT FINDINGS ONH changes in glaucoma are easily assessed with good specificity on examination, whereas imaging has not been able to identify pallor of the neuroretinal rim (NRR), disc hemorrhages, or vascular signs of acquired cupping. Glaucomatous neuropathy in primary open angle glaucoma (POAG) has extensive databases on imaging machines, however, other glaucomas such as primary angle closure glaucoma (PACG), juvenile open angle glaucoma (JOAG), congenital, and secondary glaucomas have been reported to have a significantly different ONH morphology. Clinical evaluation with knowledge of the underlying cause of glaucoma allows easy diagnosis of any abnormality, whereas the absence of an imaging database in such eyes makes diagnosis difficult on optical coherence tomography (OCT) and so forth. In eyes with congenital anomalies and dysplastic discs, clinical examination and history provide better identification of glaucomatous damage. Staging of glaucoma on ONH examination when perimetry is unreliable provides a means of determining the amount of damage and appropriate reduction of intraocular pressure (IOP). SUMMARY Clinical examination of the ONH is very relevant for screening, diagnosis, staging, and management of all glaucomas, and is irreplaceable in detecting nonglaucomatous causes of ONH cupping and visual field defects similar to those in glaucoma.
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Vaniyan R, Falamarzi A, Shaikh MY. An Unusual Case of Pediatric Bilateral Congenital Optic Disc Pits With Unilateral High Myopia. Cureus 2021; 13:e12463. [PMID: 33552780 PMCID: PMC7854314 DOI: 10.7759/cureus.12463] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Optic disc pits are rare congenital abnormalities. They are unilateral in 85% of the affected individuals. Optic disc pits occurring in the highly myopic eyes of the older adults are supposed to be acquired due to mechanical expansion of the disc from the axial elongation. High myopia is also a well described association of the optic disc pits of the congenital nature. We present a rare case of bilateral congenital optic disc pits in a 15-year-old girl having anisometropic unilateral axial myopia and the emmetropia in the fellow eye. This unique combination of the findings of unilateral high myopia in a child with bilateral congenital optic disc pits, to the best of our knowledge has not been described in the literature earlier. Our case demonstrates a scenario where two different causative factors for the optic disc pits may be present concurrently in the same instance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ravi Vaniyan
- Ophthalmology, Royal Medical Services, Bahrain Defence Force Hospital, Riffa, BHR
| | - Aysha Falamarzi
- Ophthalmology, Royal Medical Services, Bahrain Defence Force Hospital, Riffa, BHR
| | - Mohamed Yusuf Shaikh
- Ophthalmology, Royal Medical Services, Bahrain Defence Force Hospital, Riffa, BHR
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13
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Clinical Features of Optic Disc Drusen in an Ophthalmic Genetics Cohort. J Ophthalmol 2020; 2020:5082706. [PMID: 33083048 PMCID: PMC7557906 DOI: 10.1155/2020/5082706] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/17/2020] [Revised: 08/19/2020] [Accepted: 09/19/2020] [Indexed: 11/26/2022] Open
Abstract
Materials and Methods Electronic medical records of patients evaluated in the Ophthalmic Genetics clinic at the National Eye Institute (NEI) between 2008 and 2018 were searched for a superficial ODD diagnosis. Color fundus and autofluorescence images were reviewed to confirm ODD, supplemented with optical coherence tomography (OCT) in uncertain cases when available. Demographic information, examination, and genetic testing were reviewed. Disc areas and disc-to-macula distance to disc diameter ratios (DM : DD) were calculated. Results Fifty six of 6207 patients had photographically confirmed ODD (0.9%). Drusen were predominantly bilateral (66%), with a female (62%) and Caucasian (73%) predilection. ODD prevalence in our cohort of patients with inherited retinal degenerations was 2.5%, and ODD were more prevalent in the rod-cone dystrophy subgroup at 2.95% (OR = 3.3 [2.1–5.3], P < 0.001) compared to the ophthalmic genetics cohort. Usher patients were more likely to have ODD (10/132, 7.6%, OR = 9.0 [4.3–17.7], P < 0.001) and had significantly smaller discs compared to the rest of our ODD cohort (disc area: P=0.001, DM : DD: P=0.03). Discussion. While an association between ODD and retinitis pigmentosa has been reported, this study surveys a large cohort of patients with inherited eye conditions and finds the prevalence of superficial ODD is lower than that in the literature. Some subpopulations, such as rod-cone dystrophy and Usher syndrome, had a higher prevalence than the cohort as a whole.
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Mansoori T, Agraharam S. A pigmented disc in glaucoma! Indian J Ophthalmol 2020; 68:2225-2226. [PMID: 32971653 PMCID: PMC7728011 DOI: 10.4103/ijo.ijo_192_20] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/09/2022] Open
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Wan R, Chang A. Optic disc pit maculopathy: a review of diagnosis and treatment. Clin Exp Optom 2019; 103:425-429. [PMID: 31441129 DOI: 10.1111/cxo.12957] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/10/2019] [Revised: 06/23/2019] [Accepted: 07/26/2019] [Indexed: 12/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Optic disc pit is a rare congenital defect which appears as a circumscribed greyish depression in the lamina cribrosa. Serous macular detachment is one of the most visually debilitating complications of optic disc pit, affecting 25-75 per cent of patients. Although there is a wide variety of treatment modalities available with varying degrees of success, there is yet no consensus in the optimal management of optic disc pit-associated maculopathy. This review discusses the literature on the pathogenesis, clinical presentation, diagnosis and treatment options.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ran Wan
- Sydney Retina Clinic & Day Surgery, Sydney, Australia
| | - Andrew Chang
- Sydney Retina Clinic & Day Surgery, Sydney, Australia.,Sydney Eye Hospital, Sydney, Australia.,The University of Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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