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Mann RH, Clift BC, Day J, Barker AR. Co-creation of injury prevention measures for competitive adolescent distance runners: knowledge, behavior, and needs of athletes and coaches enrolled on England Athletics' Youth Talent Programme. Ann Med 2024; 56:2334907. [PMID: 38599225 PMCID: PMC11008313 DOI: 10.1080/07853890.2024.2334907] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/13/2023] [Accepted: 02/23/2024] [Indexed: 04/12/2024] Open
Abstract
This study assessed the knowledge, behavior, and needs of competitive adolescent (16-18 years) distance runners and distance running coaches enrolled as part of England Athletics' Youth Talent Programme in relation to the prevention of running-related injury (RRI). Two online surveys were developed and distributed to the distance runners (survey one) and coaches (survey two). Both surveys included sections related to: (1) current knowledge; (2) current behavior; (3) need and support for RRI prevention measures; and (4) possible content and form of RRI prevention measures. A total of 39 distance runners (36% of total possible sample) completed survey 1, and 29 coaches (32% of total possible sample) completed survey 2. Key findings included that the majority of distance runners and coaches: (1) agreed that it is 'very important' to try to prevent RRI; (2) are currently implementing something in practice (e.g., strength training) to prevent RRI; and (3) view the creation of RRI prevention measures as an important initiative. Differences between distance runners and coaches were identified in relation to their understanding of the most common causes of RRI. Interestingly, distance runners identified a modifiable cause of RRI (i.e., too much training) as the most common cause of RRI, while coaches selected a non-modifiable cause of RRI (i.e., growth and maturation). These key findings were supplemented by competitive adolescent runners and distance running coaches detailing their delivery preferences for such RRI prevention measures. Results from this study will help inform subsequent steps of the larger co-creation process, with an emphasis on developing multifaceted and context-specific RRI prevention measures that are deemed to be feasible and acceptable for real-world implementation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robert H. Mann
- Children’s Health and Exercise Research Centre, Department of Public Health and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Bryan C. Clift
- Department for Health, University of Bath, Bath, UK
- Centre for Qualitative Research, University of Bath, Bath, UK
| | - Jo Day
- NIHR Applied Research Collaboration South West Peninsula, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
| | - Alan R. Barker
- Children’s Health and Exercise Research Centre, Department of Public Health and Sport Sciences, Faculty of Health and Life Sciences, University of Exeter, Exeter, UK
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Edouard P, Iatropoulos S, Navarro L, Branco P, Hollander K, Dandrieux PE. Educating and promoting athletes' health protection through infographics on injury and illness prevention during an international competition: a prospective study during the 2024 European Athletics Championships. BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med 2024; 10:e002162. [PMID: 39345831 PMCID: PMC11429358 DOI: 10.1136/bmjsem-2024-002162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2024] [Accepted: 09/10/2024] [Indexed: 10/01/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To investigate the feasibility, perceived relevance and usefulness of providing injury and illness prevention information through infographics to athletes and medical teams before and during an international athletics championship, and its potential impact on injury and illness risk during the same championship. Methods We conducted a prospective cohort study during the 2024 European Athletics Championships in Roma with (1) dissemination of infographics, (2) data collection on perceived relevance (yes/no) and perceived usefulness (score from 0 to 100) of infographics among athletes and medical teams using an online questionnaire and (3) data collection by medical teams of newly incurred injuries and illnesses among athletes during the championship. Results Among the 124 athletes who completed the questionnaire, 35.5% had access to the infographics, of which 86.4% found the information relevant, and their perceived usefulness scores to reduce their risk were 51.8±23.9 (range: 2.9-100.0) for injuries and 50.6±23.0 (range: 0.0-100.0) for illnesses. Among the registered physicians and physiotherapists, 44 replied to the survey, 70.5% had access to the infographics, of which 83.9% found it relevant, and their perceived usefulness scores to reduce risk were 55.6±28.0 (range: 6.0-100.0) for injuries and 52.9±28.0 (range: 0.0-100.0) for illnesses. The logistic regression showed that a higher perceived usefulness score was associated with a lower risk of in-championship injury (OR 0.950; 95% CI 0.877 to 0.996). Conclusions Promoting the health protection of athletes through infographics on injury and illness prevention in the context of international athletics championships was feasible and may represent an additional prevention approach.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascal Edouard
- Inter-University Laboratory of Human Movement Biology (EA 7424), University Jean Monnet, Lyon 1, University Savoie Mont-Blanc, Saint-Etienne, France
- Department of Clinical and Exercise Physiology, Sports Medicine Unit, Faculty of Medicine, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Saint-Etienne, France
- European Athletics Medical & Anti-Doping Commission, European Athletics Association (EAA), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Spyridon Iatropoulos
- Inter-University Laboratory of Human Movement Biology (EA 7424), University Jean Monnet, Lyon 1, University Savoie Mont-Blanc, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Laurent Navarro
- U 1059 Sainbiose, Centre CIS, Mines Saint-Etienne, Univ Lyon, Univ Jean Monnet, INSERM, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Pedro Branco
- European Athletics Medical & Anti-Doping Commission, European Athletics Association (EAA), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Karsten Hollander
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, MSH Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
| | - Pierre-Eddy Dandrieux
- Inter-University Laboratory of Human Movement Biology (EA 7424), University Jean Monnet, Lyon 1, University Savoie Mont-Blanc, Saint-Etienne, France
- U 1059 Sainbiose, Centre CIS, Mines Saint-Etienne, Univ Lyon, Univ Jean Monnet, INSERM, Saint-Etienne, France
- Institute of Interdisciplinary Exercise Science and Sports Medicine, MSH Medical School Hamburg, Hamburg, Germany
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Edouard P, Mulenga D, Dandrieux PE, Salati F, Wallace J, Owoeye O. Coverage from medical teams and injury/illness epidemiology within youth athletics in Africa: A prospective study during the 2023 African Youth Under 18/20 Athletics Championships. J Sci Med Sport 2024:S1440-2440(24)00255-X. [PMID: 39153872 DOI: 10.1016/j.jsams.2024.07.014] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Revised: 05/14/2024] [Accepted: 07/22/2024] [Indexed: 08/19/2024]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To describe athletes' coverage by national medical teams, and injuries and illnesses occurring during the four weeks before and during the 2023 African Youth Under 18/20 Athletics Championships. DESIGN Cross-sectional and prospective cohort study design. METHODS We conducted a study with data collection of: 1) national medical teams, 2) injury and illness complaints during the four weeks preceding the championships using an online pre-participation health questionnaire, and 3) newly incurred in-championship injuries and illnesses collected by national medical teams and the local organising committee using daily standardised online report forms, for all registered athletes at the championships. RESULTS Among the 43 countries participating at the championships, 15 (34.9 %) countries had a medical team with at least one medical personnel. Of the 15 countries, 6 (40.0 %) countries had at least one physiotherapist and one physician, 4 (26.7 %) countries had only physiotherapist(s), and 5 (33.3 %) countries had only physician(s). Nine (60 %) countries participated in the injury surveillance study, including 397 athletes: 61 (15.4 %) completed the pre-participation health questionnaire and 11 athletes (18.0 %) reported an injury complaint and 6 (9.8 %) an illness complaint during the four weeks before the championships. During the championships, there were 52.9 injuries and 50.4 illnesses per 1000 registered athletes. The main injury location was the thigh (33.3 %), and the main injury type was the muscle (47.6 %). The most common system affected by illness was the upper respiratory tract (55.0 %), and the main illness cause was idiopathic (50.0 %). CONCLUSIONS This preliminary study provides foundational information to improve medical coverage and services during international championships, and orient injury/illness prevention in youth athletics across Africa.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascal Edouard
- University Jean Monnet, Lyon 1, University Savoie Mont-Blanc, Inter-university Laboratory of Human Movement Biology (EA 7424), Saint-Etienne, France; Department of Clinical and Exercise Physiology, Sports Medicine Unit, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Faculty of Medicine, Saint-Etienne, France; European Athletics Medical & Anti-Doping Commission, European Athletics Association (EAA), Lausanne, Switzerland.
| | - Davie Mulenga
- Department of Physiotherapy, University Teaching Hospital, Lusaka, Zambia; Sports Physiotherapy Association of Zambia (SPAZ), Zambia
| | - Pierre-Eddy Dandrieux
- University Jean Monnet, Lyon 1, University Savoie Mont-Blanc, Inter-university Laboratory of Human Movement Biology (EA 7424), Saint-Etienne, France; Mines Saint-Etienne, Univ Lyon, Univ Jean Monnet, INSERM, U 1059 Sainbiose, Centre CIS, Saint-Etienne, France
| | | | - Jessica Wallace
- Department of Health Science, The University of Alabama Tuscaloosa, USA
| | - Oluwatoyosi Owoeye
- Department of Physical Therapy and Athletic Training, Saint Louis University, USA
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Edouard P, Sorg M, Martin S, Verhagen E, Ruffault A. Athletes who have already experienced an injury are more prone to adhere to an injury risk reduction approach than those who do not: an online survey of 7870 French athletics (track and field) athletes. BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med 2024; 10:e001768. [PMID: 38374942 PMCID: PMC10875537 DOI: 10.1136/bmjsem-2023-001768] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/07/2024] [Indexed: 02/21/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To compare the perception towards injury risk reduction approach between athletes who have already experienced an injury and those who have not. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study using a one-time online survey asking athletics athletes licensed at the French Federation of Athletics (http://www.athle.fr) about their perceptions regarding injuries and injury risk reduction behaviours. We statistically compared athletes who already experienced an injury and those who did not. Results A total of 7870 athletes were included. 90% of athletes declared having experienced at least one injury. They (1) were proportionally more men than women, (2) had significantly more years of experience in athletics, (3) had a significant difference in disciplines (more hurdles, jumps and combined events and fewer sprint athletes), (4) had a significant difference in competition levels (more national and less departmental levels) and (5) reported significantly higher values or agreements in favour of injury risk reduction approach, compared with uninjured athletes. There were significantly more athletes declaring following injury risk reduction programmes among athletes who experienced at least one injury than those who did not. Conclusions Athletes who experienced at least one injury during their lifetime were more prone to adhere to injury risk reduction strategies than athletes who have never experienced an injury. Their entourage (coaches and health professionals) should use this fertile ground to implement injury risk reduction strategies. In addition, their experience should be disseminated to uninjured athletes to help them adhere to injury risk reduction without injury experience.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascal Edouard
- Inter-university Laboratory of Human Movement Biology (EA 7424), Université Jean Monnet, Lyon 1, Université Savoie Mont-Blanc, Saint-Etienne, France
- Department of Clinical and Exercise Physiology, Sports Medicine Unit, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Faculty of Medicine, Saint-Etienne, France
- European Athletics Medical & Anti Doping Commission, European Athletics Association (EAA), Lausanne, Switzerland
| | - Marine Sorg
- Centre de Ressources, d’Expertise et de Performance Sportive (CREPS) de Vichy, Vichy, France
| | - Simon Martin
- Centre de Ressources, d’Expertise et de Performance Sportive (CREPS) de Montpellier, Montpellier, France
| | - Evert Verhagen
- Amsterdam Collaboration for Health and Safety in Sports, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam University Medical Centers, Location VU University Medical Center, Amsterdam, Netherlands
| | - Alexis Ruffault
- Laboratory 'Sport, Expertise and Performance' (EA 7370), French Institute of Sport, Paris, France
- Unité de Recherche interfacultaire Santé et Société (URiSS), Université de Liège, Liège, Belgium
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Edouard P, Mosser C, Chapon J, Depiesse F, Palmer D. Understanding the first injury in athletics and its effect on dropout from sport: an online survey on 544 high-level youth and junior athletics (track and field) athletes. BMJ Open Sport Exerc Med 2024; 10:e001767. [PMID: 38288271 PMCID: PMC10824051 DOI: 10.1136/bmjsem-2023-001767] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 01/12/2024] [Indexed: 01/31/2024] Open
Abstract
Objective To describe the first injury and to investigate whether it plays a role in altering athletics' sustainable practice. Methods We conducted a cross-sectional study using an exploratory survey on the first injury and its consequences on athletics practice. In 2021, we asked all high-level athletes licensed with the French Federation of Athletics (FFA) under 18 years, under 20 years and under 23 years categories between 2007 and 2021. Results Out of 6560 emails sent by FFA, 544 athletes responded, and 93.6% (n=510) reported experiencing at least one injury during their career. The first injury occurred at a mean age of 17.5±3.3 years after 6.1±4.1 years of athletics practice. The main locations of the first injury were the posterior thigh (28.9%), the ankle (16.5%) and the knee (12.6%), and the principal reported injury types were muscle (37.7%), tendon (17.5%) and ligament (15.5%). More than a third of injured athletes (36.7%) reported experiencing ongoing symptoms or sequelae after their first injury, and about half (48.5%) experienced recurrences. About 20% had stopped athletics at the time of the survey, with injury problems the primary cause of athletes dropping out (46.2%), including the first injury (9.4%). Conclusions Injuries played an important role in altering sustainable athletics practice, with injury accounting for about 50% of all reported dropouts and the first injury accounting for about 10% of all reported causes. Our results provide evidence to target the prevention of the first injury, which could be considered the origin of the 'vicious circle' of injuries.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pascal Edouard
- Inter-university Laboratory of Human Movement Biology (EA 7424), Université Jean Monnet, Lyon 1, Université Savoie Mont-Blanc, Saint-Etienne, France
- Department of Clinical and Exercise Physiology, Sports Medicine Unit, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Faculty of Medicine, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Constance Mosser
- Inter-university Laboratory of Human Movement Biology (EA 7424), Université Jean Monnet, Lyon 1, Université Savoie Mont-Blanc, Saint-Etienne, France
- Department of Clinical and Exercise Physiology, Sports Medicine Unit, University Hospital of Saint-Etienne, Faculty of Medicine, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Joris Chapon
- Inter-university Laboratory of Human Movement Biology (EA 7424), Université Jean Monnet, Lyon 1, Université Savoie Mont-Blanc, Saint-Etienne, France
| | - Frédéric Depiesse
- CH Chalons en Champagne et Institut Mutualiste de Montsouris, Paris, France
| | - Debbie Palmer
- Edinburgh Sports Medicine Research Network & UK Collaborating Centre on Injury and Illness Prevention in Sport, Institute for Sport, PE and Health Sciences, The University of Edinburgh, Edinburgh, UK
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Timpka T, Fagher K, Bargoria V, Andersson C, Jacobsson J, Gauffin H, Hansson PO, Adami PE, Bermon S, Dahlström Ö. Injury acknowledgement by reduction of sports load in world-leading athletics (track and field) athletes varies with their musculoskeletal health literacy and the socioeconomic environment. Br J Sports Med 2023:bjsports-2022-106007. [DOI: 10.1136/bjsports-2022-106007] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 03/23/2023] [Indexed: 04/03/2023]
Abstract
ObjectiveAlthough injury burden prompts elite athletics (track and field) athletes to engage in injury management, little is known about their health literacy. We investigated musculoskeletal (MS) health literacy in world-leading athletics athletes and associations with prechampionship injury acknowledgement by reduction of training load in different socioeconomic environments.MethodsAdult and youth athletics athletes (n=1785) preparing for World Championships were invited to complete the Literacy in Musculoskeletal Problems instrument and report acknowledgement of injury by reduction in training load during prechampionship tapering. Their socioeconomic standing was estimated through the Human Development Index of their home country. Demographic differences were examined using χ2tests and determinants of injury acknowledgement assessed using logistic regression.ResultsComplete data were obtained from 780 athletes (43.7%) with 26% demonstrating sufficient MS health literacy, higher in adult (41%) than youth (13%) athletes (p<0.001). Adult athletes at the uppermost socioeconomic level showed higher MS health literacy than athletes at lower socioeconomic levels (p<0.001). At the uppermost socioeconomic level, adult athletes with sufficient MS health literacy had increased likelihood of acknowledging an injury by reduction in training load compared with peers demonstrating insufficient MS health literacy (OR=2.45; 95% CI 1.33–4.53). Athletes at middle socioeconomic levels with sufficient MS health literacy had decreased likelihood for acknowledging an injury during tapering (OR=0.29; 95% CI 0.11–0.78).ConclusionsThe prevalence of sufficient MS health literacy in world-leading athletics athletes is low. Associations between MS health literacy and injury acknowledgement in these athletes vary with the resourcefulness of the socioeconomic environment, implying that health literacy and resources for medical and performance support should be ascertained concurrently.
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