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Hawkins B, Barlow P, van Schalkwyk MC, Holden C. Brexit, trade and the governance of non-communicable diseases: a research agenda. Global Health 2023; 19:61. [PMID: 37612704 PMCID: PMC10463402 DOI: 10.1186/s12992-023-00956-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/23/2022] [Accepted: 07/25/2023] [Indexed: 08/25/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The UK's post-Brexit trade strategy has potentially important implications for population health and equity. In particular, it will impact on the structural risk factors for non-communicable diseases (NCDs), including the consumption of health-harming commodities such as tobacco, alcohol and ultra-processed food and beverages. This article catalogues recent developments in UK trade policy. It then presents a narrative review of the existing research literature on trade and health and previous, prospective studies on the health impacts of Brexit. In so doing it identifies key questions and foci for a future research agenda on the implications of UK's emerging trade regime for NCD prevention. MAIN TEXT We identify five key areas for future research. (1) Additional scholarship to document the health effects of key trade agreements negotiated by the UK government; (2) The implications of these agreements for policy-making to address health impacts, including the potential for legal challenges under dispute settlement mechanisms; (3) The strategic objectives being pursued by the UK government and the extent to which they support or undermine public health; (4) The process of trade policy-making, its openness to public health interests and actors and the impact of the political and ideological legacy of Brexit on outcomes; (5) The impact of the UK's post-Brexit trade policy on partner countries and blocs and their cumulative impact on the global trade regime. CONCLUSIONS Further research is urgently need to understand the ways in which the UK's post-Brexit trade strategy will impact on NCDs and policy responses to address these, including the openness of the trade policy architecture to health issues. The outcomes of this process will have wider systemic effects on the global trade regime with implications for health. Researchers must be cognizant of the ideological components of the policy debate which have been absent from previous analysis of Brexit, trade and health.
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Affiliation(s)
- Benjamin Hawkins
- MRC Epidemiology Unity, University of Cambridge, Addenbrookes Hospital, Hills Road, Cambridge, CB2 0QQ, UK.
| | - Pepita Barlow
- Department of Health Policy, London School of Economics and Political Science, London, UK
| | | | - Chris Holden
- School for Business and Society, University of York, York, UK
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LeLeiko NS, Dorfzaun S, Picoraro J. The Role of Diet, Nutrition, and Exercise in Preventing Disease. Pediatr Rev 2022; 43:298-308. [PMID: 35641448 DOI: 10.1542/pir.2021-005174] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/25/2022]
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Ganju A, Goulart AC, Ray A, Majumdar A, Jeffers BW, Llamosa G, Cañizares H, Ramos-Cañizares IJ, Fadhil I, Subramaniam K, Lim LL, El Bizri L, Ramesh M, Guilford M, Ali R, Devi RD, Malik RA, Potkar S, Wang YP. Systemic Solutions for Addressing Non-Communicable Diseases in Low- and Middle-Income Countries. J Multidiscip Healthc 2020; 13:693-707. [PMID: 32801732 PMCID: PMC7394587 DOI: 10.2147/jmdh.s252300] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/03/2020] [Accepted: 06/22/2020] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-communicable diseases (NCDs) have been on the rise in low- and middle-income countries (LMICs) over the last few decades and represent a significant healthcare concern. Over 85% of "premature" deaths worldwide due to NCDs occur in the LMICs. NCDs are an economic burden on these countries, increasing their healthcare expenditure. However, targeting NCDs in LMICs is challenging due to evolving health systems and an emphasis on acute illness. The major issues include limitations with universal health coverage, regulations, funding, distribution and availability of the healthcare workforce, and availability of health data. Experts from across the health sector in LMICs formed a Think Tank to understand and examine the issues, and to offer potential opportunities that may address the rising burden of NCDs in these countries. This review presents the evidence and posits pragmatic solutions to combat NCDs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Alessandra C Goulart
- Center for Clinical and Epidemiological Research, University Hospital, University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Amrit Ray
- Research, Development and Medical, Upjohn - a Pfizer Division, New York, NY, USA
| | - Anurita Majumdar
- Research, Development and Medical, Emerging Markets, Upjohn - a Pfizer Division, Singapore
| | - Barrett W Jeffers
- Research, Development and Medical, Upjohn - a Pfizer Division, New York, NY, USA
| | - Gloria Llamosa
- Mexican Neurology and Psychiatry Society, Mexico City, Mexico
| | - Henry Cañizares
- Vicente Sotto Memorial Medical Center, Cebu City, Philippines
| | | | | | - Kannan Subramaniam
- Research, Development and Medical, Upjohn - a Pfizer Division, Sydney, Australia
| | - Lee-Ling Lim
- Department of Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, University of Malaya, Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia
| | - Luna El Bizri
- School of Pharmacy, Lebanese University, Hadath, Lebanon
| | - M Ramesh
- Lee Kuan Yew School of Public Policy, National University of Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Raghib Ali
- Public Health Research Center, New York University, Abu Dhabi, United Arab Emirates
| | - Ratna Duddi Devi
- Executive Office, DakshamA Health and Education, Gurgaon, India.,Board of Directors, International Alliance of Patient Organizations, London, England
| | | | - Shekhar Potkar
- Research, Development and Medical, Upjohn - a Pfizer Division, Dubai, United Arab Emirates
| | - Yuan-Pang Wang
- Instituto de Psiquiatria (LIM-23), Hospital das Clinicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
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Hammonds R. How Can We Overcome the Great Procrastination to Respond to the Climate Emergency? Health Hum Rights 2020; 22:363-366. [PMID: 32669820 PMCID: PMC7348444] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Hammonds
- Fellow in the Law and Development Research Group, Faculty of Law, University of Antwerp, Belgium, and Lecturer at the London School of Hygiene and Tropical Medicine, London, UK
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