1
|
Lv Z, Deng C. NSAID medication mediates the causal effect of genetically predicted major depressive disorder on falls: Evidence from a Mendelian randomization study. J Affect Disord 2024; 361:217-223. [PMID: 38876314 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2024.06.028] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/07/2023] [Revised: 05/27/2024] [Accepted: 06/11/2024] [Indexed: 06/16/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Increasing evidence supports that depression including major depressive disorder (MDD) is associated with an increased risk of falls. However, some studies suggest no association between MDD and falls. Therefore, the specific causal relationship whereby MDD affects the risk of falls remains elusive, and the potential mediators are unclear. METHODS Summary-level data for MDD and falls were collected from the Genome-wide association studies (GWAS) in this study. Mendelian randomization (MR) and multivariable MR (MVMR) analyses were performed to evaluate the causal associations between MDD and falls. A Two-step MR analysis was employed to analyze the mediating effect of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) on the causal association between MDD and the risk of falls. RESULTS Using the inverse-variance weighted (IVW) method, genetically predicted MDD was associated with an increased risk of falls (β = 0.15, SE = 0.034; P = 1.61E-5). MVMR and two-step MR analyses demonstrated that MDD was a causal determinant of increased falls independent of body mass index (BMI), smoking initiation, and alcohol consumption and that this causal relationship was mediated by NSAID medication. LIMITATIONS Extracted GWAS summary statistics are from European ancestry. Stratified analyses by sex and age were not included in our study. Therefore, it is unclear whether the results are the same for other ethnic groups, genders, and ages. CONCLUSIONS Our results demonstrate that MDD is independently associated with an increased risk of falls, in which NSAIDs mediate the association. This study suggests that avoiding the use of NSAIDs may reduce the risk of falls in patients diagnosed with MDD.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Zhengtao Lv
- Department of Orthopedics, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
| | - Chunchu Deng
- Department of Rehabilitation Medicine, Tongji Hospital, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan 430030, China.
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Synowiec A, Stark-Inbar A, Weinstein M, Ironi A, Mauskop A. One-Year Consistent Safety, Utilization, and Efficacy Assessment of Remote Electrical Neuromodulation (REN) for Migraine Treatment. Adv Ther 2024; 41:170-181. [PMID: 37855973 PMCID: PMC10796417 DOI: 10.1007/s12325-023-02697-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/13/2023] [Accepted: 09/25/2023] [Indexed: 10/20/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Migraine is a chronic neurological disorder causing severe pain and disability in more than a billion people worldwide. Ideal treatment should provide long-term efficacy with minimal side effects. Previous studies indicate that remote electrical neuromodulation (REN) is an efficacious and safe treatment option for the acute treatment of migraine in clinical practice. This study examined long-term safety, utilization, and efficacy of REN during 12 consecutive usage months. METHODS Data from patients with migraine across the USA using REN to treat their migraine attacks were electronically collected from the Nerivio® device. All patients who used REN during 12 consecutive months were included, and data were compared across months. Safety was assessed by the number and type of adverse events. Utilization was measured by the number of monthly treatments. Efficacy was evaluated as consistent change in headache pain intensity, functional disability, and disappearance of associated symptoms from baseline to 2 h post treatment. RESULTS Data were analyzed from 409 people living with migraine who treated with REN for 12 consecutive months, performing a total of 39,531 treatments. The incidence of device-related adverse events (dAEs) was 1.96% (8/409), including two negligible (0.49%), five mild (1.22%), one moderate (0.24%), and no severe events. All patients continued treatment with REN despite dAEs. One-year average monthly utilization was 8.05 treatments (SD 1.15). Month-to-month utilization did not change during 12 months of consecutive use [F(4.895, 1997.204) = 2.014, p = 0.075, repeated-measures ANOVA]. One-year average efficacy showed 74.1% of users reported consistent 2-h pain relief, and 26.0% reported consistent pain freedom. Month-to-month pain relief and pain freedom did not change during 12 months of consecutive use [F(11, 1069) = 0.55, p = 0.873 and F(11, 1295) = 0.69, p = 0.750 respectively; generalized linear mixed model analysis]. CONCLUSION REN is a safe and well-tolerated acute migraine treatment, with stable efficacy and utilization over 1 year, making it an advantageous non-drug option for the long-term management of this chronic disease. TRIAL REGISTRATION NUMBER NCT05760638.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | - Alon Ironi
- Theranica Bio-Electronics, Netanya, Israel
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Wan EYF, Yu EYT, Chan L, Mok AHY, Wang Y, Chan EWY, Wong ICK, Lam CLK. Comparative Risks of Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs on Cardiovascular Diseases: A Population-Based Cohort Study. J Clin Pharmacol 2023; 63:126-134. [PMID: 36063443 DOI: 10.1002/jcph.2142] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/16/2022] [Indexed: 12/15/2022]
Abstract
Through examining the incidence of cardiovascular diseases (CVDs) among nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID) users and nonusers, this study aims to compare the risks contributed by different NSAIDs in a Chinese population. The retrospective cohort including 4 298 368 adults without CVD from electronic health records between 2008 and 2017 in Hong Kong was adopted. A total of 4.5% of individuals received NSAIDs including celecoxib, etoricoxib, diclofenac, ibuprofen, indomethacin, mefenamic acid, or naproxen for ≥4 consecutive weeks at baseline. Cox regression, including NSAID use as a time-dependent covariate and adjusted with patient's characteristics, was conducted to examine the association between NSAID exposure and incident CVD. After a median follow-up of 6.9 years (30 million person-years), a total of 258 601 cases of incident CVD was recorded. NSAID use was shown to be associated with a significantly higher risk of CVD (hazard ratio [HR], 1.32 [95%CI, 1.28-1.37]) compared to non-NSAID use. Similar results in coronary heart disease (HR, 1.37 [95%CI, 1.31-1.43]), stroke (HR, 1.27 [95%CI, 1.21-1.33]), and heart failure (HR, 1.25 [95%CI, 1.16-1.34]) were obtained. Overall, similar CVD risk was observed across users of NSAIDs except for etoricoxib, which showed a higher risk (HR, 2.01 [95%CI, 1.63-2.48]). Considering that a higher CVD risk was consistently displayed among NSAID users, NSAIDs should be used cautiously, and the usage of etoricoxib in the Chinese population should be reviewed.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Eric Yuk Fai Wan
- Department of Family Medicine and Primary Care, The University of Hong Kong, Ap Lei Chau, Hong Kong, China.,Centre for Safe Medication Practice and Research, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Ap Lei Chau, Hong Kong, China.,Laboratory of Data Discovery for Health (D24H), Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Sha Tin, Hong Kong, China
| | - Esther Yee Tak Yu
- Department of Family Medicine and Primary Care, The University of Hong Kong, Ap Lei Chau, Hong Kong, China
| | - Linda Chan
- Department of Family Medicine and Primary Care, The University of Hong Kong, Ap Lei Chau, Hong Kong, China
| | - Anna Hoi Ying Mok
- Department of Family Medicine and Primary Care, The University of Hong Kong, Ap Lei Chau, Hong Kong, China
| | - Yuan Wang
- Department of Family Medicine and Primary Care, The University of Hong Kong, Ap Lei Chau, Hong Kong, China
| | - Esther Wai Yin Chan
- Centre for Safe Medication Practice and Research, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Ap Lei Chau, Hong Kong, China.,Laboratory of Data Discovery for Health (D24H), Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Sha Tin, Hong Kong, China.,Department of Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China.,The University of Hong Kong Shenzhen Institute of Research and Innovation, Shenzhen, China
| | - Ian Chi Kei Wong
- Centre for Safe Medication Practice and Research, Department of Pharmacology and Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong, Ap Lei Chau, Hong Kong, China.,Laboratory of Data Discovery for Health (D24H), Hong Kong Science and Technology Park, Sha Tin, Hong Kong, China.,Research Department of Practice and Policy, School of Pharmacy, University College London, London, UK.,Aston Pharmacy School, Aston University, Birmingham, UK.,Department of Pharmacy, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| | - Cindy Lo Kuen Lam
- Department of Family Medicine and Primary Care, The University of Hong Kong, Ap Lei Chau, Hong Kong, China.,Department of Family Medicine, The University of Hong Kong-Shenzhen Hospital, Shenzhen, China
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Oh KK, Adnan M, Cho DH. Network pharmacology-based study to identify the significant pathways of Lentinula edodes against cancer. J Food Biochem 2022; 46:e14258. [PMID: 35633195 DOI: 10.1111/jfbc.14258] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/17/2022] [Revised: 03/24/2022] [Accepted: 04/25/2022] [Indexed: 01/13/2023]
Abstract
Lentinula edodes (LE) is known as a good food source with potent anticancer efficacy, but its active chemical compounds and pathways against cancer have not been revealed. This study was to uncover the active chemical constituents and pathways of LE against cancer through network pharmacology. The chemical compositions were recognized by gas chromatography-mass spectrometry (GC-MS) and filtered drug-like compounds (DLCs) by SwissADME. Targets related to filtered compounds were recognized by two public databases and the final overlapping targets were identified by Venn diagram. Then, protein-protein interaction (PPI) and pathway-target-compound (PTC) networks were built by RStudio. Ultimately, we recognized the key compounds and targets via molecular docking test (MDT). A total of 33 compounds from LE were accepted by Lipinski's rule were selected as DLCs. The 33 compounds were associated with 108 targets and a key target (cyclooxygenase2 [COX2]) was identified through PPI networks. Most significantly, inactivation of pathways in cancer and activation of peroxisome proliferator activated receptor signaling pathway were significant pathways of LE. On MDT, we identified a key compound (Indole, 2-methyl-3-phenyl) on COX2 related to inactivation of athways in cancer, additionally, the number of 6 ergostane steroids was associated with the two pathways might be dual efficacy to alleviate inflammation against cancer. Overall, 13 targets, 11 compounds, and 2 key pathways of LE were identified as the significant elements to treat cancer. Hence, this study shows therapeutic evidence to verify the promising clinical effect of LE on cancer, suggesting that LE might be an important mushroom against cancer. PRACTICAL APPLICATIONS: Lentinula edodes (LE) has been used widely in cuisine as well as alternative medicines, especially, for anticancer. The LE has rich nutritional compounds including proteins, vitamins, polyphenols, and glucans, however, most of which have a critical hurdle as poor bioavailability not to be applicable for pharmaceuticals. Its main cause is very hydrophilic property. Thus, we adopted GC-MS analysis to identify lipophilic compounds to enhance cell permeability involved in bioavailability. The compounds selected from LE were confirmed by Lipinski's rule for drug-like-compounds (DLCs). Then, we retrieved targets associated with DLCs, and multiple pathways, multiple targets, and multiple compounds against cancer on network-based analysis. In summary, our study reveals the medicinal value of LE on cancer based on the multicomponents. Overall, the aim of this work is to represent the pharmacological evidence to reveal the therapeutic efficacy of AC on cancer, suggesting that DLCs from AC might be alleviators to dampen cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ki Kwang Oh
- Department of Bio-Health Convergence, College of Biomedical Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Md Adnan
- Department of Bio-Health Convergence, College of Biomedical Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| | - Dong Ha Cho
- Department of Bio-Health Convergence, College of Biomedical Science, Kangwon National University, Chuncheon, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Negovan A, Banescu C, Pantea M, Simona B, Mocan S, Iancu M. Factors associated with gastro-duodenal ulcer in compensated type 2 diabetic patients: a Romanian single-center study. Arch Med Sci 2022; 18:45-51. [PMID: 35154524 PMCID: PMC8826883 DOI: 10.5114/aoms/93098] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/25/2018] [Accepted: 07/10/2018] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Helicobacter pylori infection is accepted as the leading cause of chronic gastritis, ulcer disease and gastric cancer, with an important impact on health care burden, especially in countries with a high prevalence of infection. The aim of the study was to investigate the influence of H. pylori infection, medication, associated medical conditions or social habits on endoscopic ulcer occurrence in the compensated type 2 diabetic population. MATERIAL AND METHODS Two hundred and sixty type 2 diabetic patients investigated on endoscopy (57 patients with peptic ulcer and 203 controls) with a complete set of biopsies, demographic and medical data were enrolled. RESULTS On univariate regression analysis, H. pylori infection (42.1% vs. 35.5%, p = 0.359) or a history of peptic ulcer (61.4% vs. 61.6%, p = 0.981) was not a predictor for ulcer on endoscopy in the diabetic population, and heartburn was more frequent in diabetics without ulcer (21.2% vs. 8.8%, p = 0.033). Anemia was the best predictor for ulcer on endoscopy in both diabetics with (p < 0.001, OR = 4.77, 95% CI: 2.02-11.28) and without (p = 0.027, OR = 2.76, 95% CI: 1.10-6.91) chronic proton pump inhibitor (PPI) therapy. In diabetic patients on PPI more than 1 month anticoagulants - acenocoumarol or low-weight molecular heparin (p = 0.038, OR = 2.37, 95% CI: 1.04-5.40), low-dose aspirin 75-125 mg/day (p = 0.029, OR = 2.61, 95% CI: 1.08-6.28) and alcohol consumption (p = 0.015, OR = 2.70, 95% CI: 1.19-6.13) were predictors for ulcer on endoscopy. CONCLUSIONS In diabetic patients, anemia is the most important predictor for ulcer on endoscopy, but not H. pylori or digestive symptoms, while low-dose aspirin or anticoagulant therapy and alcohol consumption are the most important predictors for ulcer in diabetics on chronic proton pump inhibitor therapy.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anca Negovan
- Department of Clinical Science-Internal Medicine, “George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Târgu Mureș, Mureș, Romania
| | - Claudia Banescu
- Genetics Laboratory, Center for Advanced Medical and Pharmaceutical Research, “George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science and Technology of Târgu Mureș, Târgu Mureș, Romania
| | - Monica Pantea
- Department of Clinical Science-Internal Medicine, “George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Târgu Mureș, Mureș, Romania
| | - Bataga Simona
- Department of Clinical Science-Internal Medicine, “George Emil Palade” University of Medicine, Pharmacy, Science, and Technology of Târgu Mureș, Mureș, Romania
| | - Simona Mocan
- Pathology Department, Emergency County Hospital Targu Mures, Mureș, Romania
| | - Mihaela Iancu
- Department of Medical Informatics and Biostatistics, “Iuliu Haţieganu” University of Medicine and Pharmacy, Cluj-Napoca, Romania
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
McEvoy L, Carr DF, Pirmohamed M. Pharmacogenomics of NSAID-Induced Upper Gastrointestinal Toxicity. Front Pharmacol 2021; 12:684162. [PMID: 34234675 PMCID: PMC8256335 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2021.684162] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2021] [Accepted: 05/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are a group of drugs which are widely used globally for the treatment of pain and inflammation, and in the case of aspirin, for secondary prevention of cardiovascular disease. Chronic non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug use is associated with potentially serious upper gastrointestinal adverse drug reactions (ADRs) including peptic ulcer disease and gastrointestinal bleeding. A few clinical and genetic predisposing factors have been identified; however, genetic data are contradictory. Further research is needed to identify clinically relevant genetic and non-genetic markers predisposing to NSAID-induced peptic ulceration.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- L McEvoy
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - D F Carr
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| | - M Pirmohamed
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, University of Liverpool, Liverpool, United Kingdom
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Park J, Kwon S, Choi EK, Choi YJ, Lee E, Choe W, Lee SR, Cha MJ, Lim WH, Oh S. Validation of diagnostic codes of major clinical outcomes in a National Health Insurance database. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ARRHYTHMIA 2019. [DOI: 10.1186/s42444-019-0005-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/18/2023] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background and objectives
The Korean National Health Insurance Service (NHIS) database has been widely used for cardiovascular research. We validated the primary diagnostic codes of major clinical outcomes, including acute myocardial infarction (AMI), gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB), stroke, and intracranial hemorrhage (ICH) used for Korea NHIS claims.
Subjects and methods
From 2016 to 2017, 800 patients with primary diagnostic codes of AMI, GIB, stroke, or ICH at discharge were randomly selected from a single tertiary medical center in Korea (200 patients per each diagnosis). The positive predictive value (PPV), sensitivity, and specificity of the primary diagnostic codes were calculated using hospital medical record review as the gold standard. Further improvement in the diagnostic validity of the codes was assessed by combining clinical information such as duration of hospitalization, blood transfusion, brain imaging studies, or prescription records of antithrombotic agents.
Results
Among 200 patients with AMI as the primary discharge diagnosis, 184 patients were clinically confirmed (PPV of 92.0%). For GIB, 184 (92.0%) patients with the primary discharge diagnosis were verified to have true GIB events, showing PPV of 92%. For stroke, 181 (90.5%) patients were clinically confirmed with true stroke events. For ICH, 143 (71.5%) patients were verified to be true ICH events. In stroke and ICH, the PPV and specificity improved after combining with the hospitalization duration, imaging studies, and prescription of antithrombotic agents.
Conclusions
For major clinical outcomes in the NHIS database, the primary diagnostic codes showed favorable reliability. For stroke and ICH, considerations of relevant clinical information could improve the accuracy of diagnosis.
Collapse
|
8
|
Cho WK, Choi DH, Park W, Kim H, Kim S, Shin MH, Cha H. Gastric Complications after Adjuvant Radiotherapy for Breast Cancer. J Breast Cancer 2019; 22:464-471. [PMID: 31598345 PMCID: PMC6769383 DOI: 10.4048/jbc.2019.22.e42] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/22/2019] [Accepted: 08/29/2019] [Indexed: 12/25/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose In some patients who receive adjuvant radiotherapy (RT) for the left breast, the stomach is located inside the RT field. This study investigates the incidence of gastric complications following adjuvant RT for breast cancer using data of the Health Insurance Review and Assessment Service in South Korea. Methods We identified 37,966 women who underwent surgery and received adjuvant RT for breast cancer. The cumulative incidence rate of gastric hemorrhage and gastric cancer was calculated and compared for left and right breast cancers. Results Among 37,966 patients, 19,531 (51.4%) and 18,435 (48.6%) had right and left breast cancers, respectively. After a median follow-up duration of 6.3 years, the cumulative incidence of gastric cancer and gastric hemorrhage did not differ between right and left breast cancers (p = 0.414 and p = 0.166, respectively). The multivariable analysis revealed that old age was the only factor associated with the development of gastric cancer (p < 0.001) and gastric hemorrhage (p < 0.001). The incidence of gastric cancer and hemorrhage did not differ between patients who received adjuvant RT for right and left breast cancers. Conclusion Irradiation-related chronic complications of the stomach in patients with breast cancer are minimal. A study with a longer follow-up duration might be needed to assess the risk of gastric cancer.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Won Kyung Cho
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Doo Ho Choi
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Won Park
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Haeyoung Kim
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Samsung Medical Center, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Seonwoo Kim
- Statistics and Data Center, Samsung Medical Center, Seoul, Korea
| | - Myung-Hee Shin
- Department of Social and Preventive Medicine, Sungkyunkwan University School of Medicine, Seoul, Korea
| | - Hyejung Cha
- Department of Radiation Oncology, Yonsei University Wonju College of Medicine, Wonju, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Tive L, Bello AE, Radin D, Schnitzer TJ, Nguyen H, Brown MT, West CR. Pooled analysis of tanezumab efficacy and safety with subgroup analyses of phase III clinical trials in patients with osteoarthritis pain of the knee or hip. J Pain Res 2019; 12:975-995. [PMID: 30936738 PMCID: PMC6430070 DOI: 10.2147/jpr.s191297] [Citation(s) in RCA: 38] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/11/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose A pooled analysis was conducted to evaluate tanezumab efficacy and safety in patients with osteoarthritis (OA), including subgroup analyses of at-risk patients with diabetes, severe OA symptoms, and those aged ≥65 years. Patients and methods Data from phase III placebo-controlled clinical trials of patients with moderate-to-severe OA of the knee or hip were pooled to evaluate tanezumab efficacy (four trials) and safety (nine trials). Patients received intravenous tanezumab, tanezumab plus an oral NSAID (naproxen, celecoxib, or diclofenac), active comparator (naproxen, celecoxib, diclofenac, or oxycodone), or placebo. Efficacy assessments included change from baseline to week 16 in Western Ontario and McMaster Universities Osteoarthritis Index (WOMAC) pain and physical function scores, Patient’s Global Assessment (PGA) of OA, and percentage of patients with ≥30%, ≥50%, ≥70%, and ≥90% improvement in WOMAC pain. Safety assessments included adverse event (AE) documentation and physical and neurologic examinations. Results Tanezumab significantly improved all efficacy end points in the overall population. Efficacy in at-risk patient subgroups was similar to the overall population. Incidence of AEs was highest in the tanezumab plus NSAID group and lowest in the placebo group. Incidence of AEs in the tanezumab monotherapy and active comparator groups was similar. Overall incidence of AEs was similar across subgroups. AEs of abnormal peripheral sensation were more frequently reported in tanezumab-treated patients compared with placebo or active comparator. Patients receiving active comparator had a slightly higher incidence of AEs suggestive of postganglionic sympathetic dysfunction. Conclusion Tanezumab consistently provided significant improvement of pain, physical function, and PGA in individuals with OA, including patients with diabetes, severe OA symptoms, or aged ≥65 years. No increased safety risk was observed in at-risk patient subgroups. Trial registration NCT00733902, NCT00744471, NCT00830063, NCT00863304, NCT00809354, NCT00864097, NCT00863772, NCT01089725, NCT00985621.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - David Radin
- Stamford Therapeutics Consortium, Stamford, CT, USA
| | - Thomas J Schnitzer
- Department of Physical Medicine and Rehabilitation, Northwestern University Feinberg School of Medicine, Chicago, IL, USA
| | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
10
|
Petrosyan Y, Barnsley JM, Kuluski K, Liu B, Wodchis WP. Quality indicators for ambulatory care for older adults with diabetes and comorbid conditions: A Delphi study. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0208888. [PMID: 30543672 PMCID: PMC6292587 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0208888] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/14/2018] [Accepted: 11/26/2018] [Indexed: 01/26/2023] Open
Abstract
Background An increasing number of people are living with multiple chronic conditions and it is unclear which quality indicators should be used to guide care for this population. Objective To critically appraise and select the most appropriate set of quality indicators for ambulatory care for older adults with five selected disease combinations. Methods A two-round web-based Delphi process was used to critically appraise and select quality of care indicators for older adults with diabetes and comorbidities. A fifteen-member Canadian expert panel with broad geographical and clinical representation participated in this study. The panel evaluated process indicators for meaningfulness, potential for improvements in clinical practice, and overall value of inclusion, while outcome indicators were evaluated for importance, modifiability and overall value of inclusion. A 70% agreement threshold was required for high consensus, and 60–69% for moderate consensus as measured on a 5-point Likert type scale. Results Twenty high-consensus and nineteen medium-consensus process and outcome indicators were selected for assessing care for older adults with selected disease combinations, including 1) concordant (conditions with a common management plan), 2) discordant (conditions with unrelated management plans), and 3) both types. Panelists reached rapid consensus on quality indicators for care for older adults with concordant comorbid conditions, but not for those with discordant conditions. All selected indicators assess clinical aspects of care. The feedback from the panelists emphasized the importance of developing indicators related to patient-centred aspects of care, including patient self-management, education, patient-physician relationships, and patient’s preferences. Conclusions The selected quality indicators are not intended to provide a comprehensive tool set for measuring quality of care for older adults with selected disease combinations. The recommended indicators address clinical aspects of care and can be used as a starting point for ambulatory care settings and development of additional quality indicators.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yelena Petrosyan
- Clinical Epidemiology, The Ottawa Hospital Research Institute, Ottawa, Canada
| | - Jan M. Barnsley
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Kerry Kuluski
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Lunenfeld Tanenbaum Research Institute, Sinai Health System, Toronto, Canada
| | - Barbara Liu
- Sunnybrook Health Sciences Centre, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
| | - Walter P. Wodchis
- Institute of Health Policy, Management and Evaluation, University of Toronto, Toronto, Canada
- Institute for Clinical Evaluative Sciences, Toronto, Canada
- Toronto Rehabilitation Institute, Toronto, Canada
- * E-mail:
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Martín Arias LH, Martín González A, Sanz Fadrique R, Vazquez ES. Cardiovascular Risk of Nonsteroidal Anti-inflammatory Drugs and Classical and Selective Cyclooxygenase-2 Inhibitors: A Meta-analysis of Observational Studies. J Clin Pharmacol 2018; 59:55-73. [PMID: 30204233 DOI: 10.1002/jcph.1302] [Citation(s) in RCA: 33] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2018] [Accepted: 07/23/2018] [Indexed: 01/09/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study was to review the published evidence on the clinical use of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and to assess the cardiovascular risk (CVR) of cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors (coxibs), excluding aspirin, by means of a meta-analytic procedure. A search was conducted on MEDLINE and EMBASE databases between October 1999 and June 2018. Cohort and case-control studies showing CVR as relative risk (RR), odds ratio, hazard ratio, or incidence rate ratio associated with NSAIDs versus no treatment were selected. We estimated the pooled RR and the 95% confidence interval (CI) for all NSAIDs as a whole and individually. Eighty-seven studies met the inclusion criteria. Overall, NSAIDs were found to be associated with a statistically significantly increased CVR (RR, 1.24 [95%CI, 1.19-1.28]). The risk was slightly higher for coxibs (RR, 1.22 [95%CI, 1.17-1.28]) as compared with nonselective NSAIDs (RR, 1.18 [95%CI, 1.12-1.24]). Data analysis by drug disclosed that rofecoxib (RR, 1.39 [95%CI, 1.31-1.47]), followed by diclofenac (RR, 1.34 [95%CI, 1.26-1.42]) and etoricoxib (RR, 1.27 [95%CI, 1.12-1.43]) were the NSAIDs associated with the highest CVR. Analysis by type of event showed that the highest risk corresponded to vascular events for both coxibs (RR, 2.18 [95%CI, 1.72-2.78]) and nonselective NSAIDs (RR, 2.46 [95%CI, 2.00-3.02]). The meta-analysis results suggest that the use of the marketed coxibs celecoxib and etoricoxib would be related to a statistically significant CVR increase. Etoricoxib CVR could be higher than that for celecoxib. This increment would be similar to classical NSAID CVR.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | | | - Rosario Sanz Fadrique
- Centre for Drug Surveillance (CESME), School of Medicine, Valladolid University, Valladolid, Spain
| | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
Chi TY, Liu Y, Zhu HM, Zhang M. Thromboelastography-derived parameters for the prediction of acute thromboembolism following non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug-induced gastrointestinal bleeding: A retrospective study. Exp Ther Med 2018; 16:2257-2266. [PMID: 30186466 PMCID: PMC6122363 DOI: 10.3892/etm.2018.6468] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/19/2017] [Accepted: 05/25/2018] [Indexed: 12/28/2022] Open
Abstract
Efficacy of thromboelastography (TEG)-derived parameters for the prediction of acute thromboembolism (AT) in patients with non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAID)-induced gastrointestinal bleeding (GIB) remains to be determined. A retrospective propensity score matching (PSM) study was performed to evaluate this efficacy. Patients with NSAID-induced GIB (98 with AT; 830 without AT) were matched for age, sex and history of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases using PSM. Multivariate logistic regression was used to determine the efficacy of TEG-derived predictors of AT. Mean Decrease Gini (MDG) coefficients were used to rank the importance of the variables from random forest algorithm results. Univariate analysis indicated that the following indexes were significantly different between the two groups: Reaction time (R value), coagulation forming time, solidification angle, maximum amplitude (MA), coagulation index (CI), hemoglobin levels, D-dimer levels, platelet aggregation test (pAgt) results, fibrinogen levels and Acute Physiology and Chronic Health Evaluation II score (all P<0.001). Multifactor logistic regression analysis indicated that the R value (P=0.010), solidification angle (P=0.004), MA (P=0.038), D-dimer levels (P=0.012) and pAgt results (P=0.015) were independent predictors of AT in patients with NSAID-induced GIB, achieving an area under the curve of 0.999 in receiver operating characteristic curve analyses. The five most important parameters according to the MDG scores (MDGS) were: Solidification angle (MDGS=58.14), R value (MDGS=20.42), pAgt results (MDGS=15.61), D-dimer levels (MDGS=12.78) and CI (MDGS=12.61). The results of the present study indicated that TEG-derived parameters including the R value, solidification angle, MA and CI, as well as D-dimer levels and pAgt score were significant predictors of AT in patients with NSAID-induced GIB.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Yu Chi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, P.R. China
| | - Ying Liu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Beijing Anzhen Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100029, P.R. China
| | - Hong-Ming Zhu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, P.R. China
| | - Mei Zhang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing 100053, P.R. China
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Al Khaja KAJ, Veeramuthu S, Isa HA, Sequeira RP. Prescription audit of NSAIDs and gastroprotective strategy in elderly in primary care. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF RISK & SAFETY IN MEDICINE 2018; 29:57-68. [PMID: 28885223 DOI: 10.3233/jrs-170742] [Citation(s) in RCA: 13] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/12/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The use of non-steroidal anti-inflammatory drug (NSAIDs) is deemed a major risk factor for peptic ulcer disease in elderly population that requires concomitant therapy with gastroprotective agents (GPAs). OBJECTIVE This study evaluated the rational prescribing of NSAIDs and GPAs, and extent of adherence to the guideline recommendations in primary care. METHODS Nationwide audit of prescriptions issued to elderly patients (≥65 years) with hypertension or diabetic hypertension in primary care. RESULTS Among 2090 elderly, 45.9% were on low-dose aspirin, and 13.5% on other NSAIDs. Diclofenac-XR was the most frequently prescribed NSAIDs to three-quarter patients whereas naproxen, the safest NSAID for patients with high cardiovascular (CV) risk, was rarely prescribed. Among those on NSAID, 82.9% were on a scheduled dosing regimen; of these 78.8% received long-term NSAID therapy (3.9±0.9 months). The prescription rate of GPAs was low: 29.2% for aspirin and 33.3% for other NSAIDs. A quarter of the patients on histamine type-2 receptor antagonists received ranitidine at subtherapeutic single-dose for gastroprotection. Approximately half of the patients on proton pump inhibitors (PPIs) were prescribed supra-therapeutic double-dose regimen: omeprazole and esomeprazole accounted for 63.2% of overall prescribed PPIs. CONCLUSIONS The rational choice of NSAIDs and physicians' adherence to gastroprotective measures was suboptimal in primary care. The choice of NSAIDs and gastroprotective strategy in elderly be guided by the CV and gastrointestinal adverse events likelihood due to the NSAIDs and risk profile of patients for such adverse events.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Khalid Ahmed Jassim Al Khaja
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain
| | - Sindhan Veeramuthu
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain
| | | | - Reginald Paul Sequeira
- Department of Pharmacology and Therapeutics, College of Medicine and Medical Sciences, Arabian Gulf University, Manama, Kingdom of Bahrain
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Xie N, Liao HW, Ou WS, Zhou X, Hu Y, Fu N, Yang XF, Liao DF. Construction of COX-2 short hairpin RNA expression vector and its inhibitory effect on hepatic fibrosis. BIOTECHNOL BIOTEC EQ 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/13102818.2018.1431569] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022] Open
Affiliation(s)
- Ni Xie
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, PR China
| | - Hong Wu Liao
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, PR China
| | - Wen Sheng Ou
- Department of Gastroenterology, The First People's Hospital of Chenzhou, Chenzhou, Hunan, PR China
| | - Xu Zhou
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, PR China
| | - Yang Hu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, PR China
| | - Nian Fu
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, PR China
| | - Xue Feng Yang
- Department of Gastroenterology, Affiliated Nanhua Hospital, University of South China, Hengyang, Hunan, PR China
| | - Duan-Fang Liao
- Key Laboratory for Quality Evaluation of Bulk Herbs of Hunan Province, School of pharmacy, Hunan University of Chinese Medicine, Changsha, Hunan, China
| |
Collapse
|
15
|
Chi TY, Zhu HM, Zhang M. Risk factors associated with nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs)-induced gastrointestinal bleeding resulting on people over 60 years old in Beijing. Medicine (Baltimore) 2018; 97:e0665. [PMID: 29718891 PMCID: PMC6392961 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000010665] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/15/2022] Open
Abstract
Gastrointestinal (GI) bleeding is an unwanted side effect common to all chemical types of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs), particularly in elderly people. However, the risk factors of GI bleeding associated with NSAIDs for elderly people remain unknown. This study aims to evaluate the risks of GI bleeding associated with NSAIDs in 4728 elderly people over 60 years old based on database from a hospital in Beijing.This retrospective hospital-based study included 4728 patients over 60 years old prescribed with NSAIDs, of which 928 patients had GI bleeding and 3800 did not have. Odds ratios (OR) for the risk of GI bleeding associated with NSAIDs were determined by logistic regression analysis. Mean Decrease Gini (MDG) involved in random forest algorithm was used to rank the associated factors with GI bleeding.In multivariate analysis, family history of GI bleeding (OR, 3.348; P = .000), history of peptic ulcers (OR, 4.068; P = .000), history of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease (OR, 1.476; P = .001), diabetes mellitus (OR, 1.408; P = .000), antiplatelet drugs (OR, 3.106; P = .000), Helicobacter pylori infection (OR, 1.312; P = .001), cholesterol level (OR, 0.516; P = .000), upper abdominal discomfort (OR, 3.467; P = .000), anorexia (OR, 2.038; P = .000), and NSAIDs used for 0.5 to 3 months (OR, 0.780; P = .000) were associated with GI bleeding. After ranked the MDG of each factor, the top 5 ranked factors associated with GI bleeding were melena, hematemesis, antiplatelet drugs, cholesterol level, and upper abdominal discomfort.We found that family history of GI bleeding, history of peptic ulcers, history of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular disease, diabetes mellitus, antiplatelet drugs, Helicobacter pylori infection, hypocholesterolemia, and NSAIDs used for 0.5 to 3 months were independent risk factors for GI bleeding on people over 60 years old. Meanwhile, upper abdominal discomfort might be the predictor of GI bleeding associated with NSAIDs elderly users.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tian-Yu Chi
- Department of Gastroenterology, Xuanwu Hospital, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
16
|
Abstract
This narrative review summarises the benefits, risks and appropriate use of acid-suppressing drugs (ASDs), proton pump inhibitors and histamine-2 receptor antagonists, advocating a rationale balanced and individualised approach aimed to minimise any serious adverse consequences. It focuses on current controversies on the potential of ASDs to contribute to infections-bacterial, parasitic, fungal, protozoan and viral, particularly in the elderly, comprehensively and critically discusses the growing body of observational literature linking ASD use to a variety of enteric, respiratory, skin and systemic infectious diseases and complications (Clostridium difficile diarrhoea, pneumonia, spontaneous bacterial peritonitis, septicaemia and other). The proposed pathogenic mechanisms of ASD-associated infections (related and unrelated to the inhibition of gastric acid secretion, alterations of the gut microbiome and immunity), and drug-drug interactions are also described. Both probiotics use and correcting vitamin D status may have a significant protective effect decreasing the incidence of ASD-associated infections, especially in the elderly. Despite the limitations of the existing data, the importance of individualised therapy and caution in long-term ASD use considering the balance of benefits and potential harms, factors that may predispose to and actions that may prevent/attenuate adverse effects is evident. A six-step practical algorithm for ASD therapy based on the best available evidence is presented.
Collapse
|