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Traditional Chinese Medicine for Essential Hypertension: A Clinical Evidence Map. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2020; 2020:5471931. [PMID: 33381202 PMCID: PMC7765725 DOI: 10.1155/2020/5471931] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/07/2020] [Revised: 08/14/2020] [Accepted: 11/11/2020] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
We systematically retrieved and summarised clinical studies on traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) for the prevention and treatment of essential hypertension (EH) using the evidence map. We aimed to explore the evidence distribution, identify gaps in evidence, and inform on future research priorities. Clinical studies, systematic reviews, guidelines, and pathway studies related to TCM for the prevention and treatment of EH, published between January 2000 and December 2019, were included from databases CNKI, WanFang Data, VIP, PubMed, Embase, and Web of Science. The distribution of evidence was analysed using text descriptions, tables, and graphs. A total of 9,403 articles were included, including 5,920 randomised controlled studies (RCTs), 16 guidelines, expert consensus and path studies, and 139 systematic reviews (SRs). The articles publishing trend increased over time. This study showed that the intervention time of TCM was concentrated at 4–8 weeks, mainly through Chinese herbal medicine (CHM) for the prevention and treatment of elderly hypertension and the complications. A Measurement Tool to Assess Systematic Reviews (AMSTAR) scores of the included reviews ranged from 2 to 10. Most of the SRs had a potentially positive effect (n = 120), mainly in 5–8 score. Primary studies and SRs show potential benefits of TCM in lowering blood pressure, lowering the TCM syndrome and symptom differentiation scores (TCM-SSD scores), improving the total effective rate, and reducing the adverse events. The adjunctive effect of TCM on improving the total effective rate, lowering the blood pressure, lowering the TCM-SSD scores, and lowering the adverse effects was only supported by low-quality evidence in this research. The evidence map was used to show the overall research on TCM for the treatment of EH; however, due to the existing problems of the primary studies, the current research conclusion needs further research with higher quality and standardisation.
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Zhang X, Tan R, Lam WC, Yao L, Wang X, Cheng CW, Liu F, Chan JC, Aixinjueluo Q, Lau CT, Chen Y, Yang K, Wu T, Lyu A, Bian Z. PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses) Extension for Chinese Herbal Medicines 2020 (PRISMA-CHM 2020). THE AMERICAN JOURNAL OF CHINESE MEDICINE 2020; 48:1279-1313. [PMID: 32907365 DOI: 10.1142/s0192415x20500639] [Citation(s) in RCA: 54] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/05/2023]
Abstract
Chinese Herbal Medicines (CHM) are the most common interventions of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM), typically administered as either single herbs or formulas. Systematic reviews (SRs) are essential references for evaluating the efficacy and safety of CHM treatments accurately and reliably. Unfortunately, the reporting quality of SRs with CHM is not optimal, especially the reporting of CHM interventions and the rationale of why these interventions were selected. To address this problem, a group of TCM clinical experts, methodologists, epidemiologists, and editors has developed a PRISMA extension for CHM interventions (PRISMA-CHM) through a comprehensive process, including registration, literature review, consensus meeting, three-round Delphi survey, and finalization. The PRISMA checklist was extended by introducing the concept of TCM Pattern and the characteristics of CHM interventions. A total of twenty-four items (including sub-items) are included in the checklist, relating to title (1), structured summary (2), rationale (3), objectives (4), eligibility criteria (6), data items (11), synthesis of results (14, 21), additional analyses (16, 23), study characteristics (18), summary of evidence (24), and conclusions (26). Illustrative examples and explanations are also provided. The group hopes that PRISMA-CHM 2020 will improve the reporting quality of SRs of CHM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xuan Zhang
- Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (Hong Kong), Hong Kong Chinese Medicine Clinical Study Centre, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong
| | - Ran Tan
- Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (Hong Kong), Hong Kong Chinese Medicine Clinical Study Centre, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong
| | - Wai Ching Lam
- Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (Hong Kong), Hong Kong Chinese Medicine Clinical Study Centre, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong
| | - Liang Yao
- Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (Hong Kong), Hong Kong Chinese Medicine Clinical Study Centre, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong
| | - Xiaoqin Wang
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Chung Wah Cheng
- Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (Hong Kong), Hong Kong Chinese Medicine Clinical Study Centre, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong
| | - Fan Liu
- Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (Hong Kong), Hong Kong Chinese Medicine Clinical Study Centre, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong.,Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing 100700, China
| | - Jacky Cp Chan
- Department of Computer Science, HKBU Faculty of Science, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong
| | - Qiying Aixinjueluo
- Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (Hong Kong), Hong Kong Chinese Medicine Clinical Study Centre, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong
| | - Chung Tai Lau
- Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (Hong Kong), Hong Kong Chinese Medicine Clinical Study Centre, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong
| | - Yaolong Chen
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Kehu Yang
- Evidence-Based Medicine Center, School of Basic Medical Sciences, Lanzhou University, Lanzhou 730000, China
| | - Taixiang Wu
- Chinese Cochrane Centre, West China Hospital, Sichuan University, China Trial Registration Center, Chengdu, Sichuan 610041, China
| | - Aiping Lyu
- Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (Hong Kong), Hong Kong Chinese Medicine Clinical Study Centre, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong
| | - Zhaoxiang Bian
- Chinese Clinical Trial Registry (Hong Kong), Hong Kong Chinese Medicine Clinical Study Centre, School of Chinese Medicine, Hong Kong Baptist University, Hong Kong
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Zhang S, Bai X, Chen ZL, Li JJ, Chen YY, Tang YP. Qiju Dihuang Decoction for Hypertension: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE : ECAM 2020; 2020:9403092. [PMID: 32802140 PMCID: PMC7415105 DOI: 10.1155/2020/9403092] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/14/2020] [Revised: 06/26/2020] [Accepted: 07/08/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE To systematically evaluate the efficacy of Chinese herbal medicine Qiju Dihuang Decoction (QDD) for hypertension. METHODS A comprehensive literature search of randomized controlled trials using QDD to treat hypertension was conducted in 7 electronic databases, including Chinese databases. Subjects and abstracts of the trials were read in NoteExpress for preliminary screening, and the full text was read for further screening. The data extraction table was made for the selected 19 trials, and risk of bias was assessed by using the Cochrane collaboration tool, followed by data analysis using Rev Man 5.3. RESULTS The antihypertensive efficacy of QDD is 1.45 times that of antihypertensive drugs and 1.56 times that of conventional therapies, which can also reduce the endothelin level. QPAD exhibits an antihypertensive effect, and its clinical efficacy is 1.34 times and 1.61 times that of antihypertensive drugs, which can not only significantly lower the diastolic blood pressure but also reduce the 24 h mean ambulate blood pressure. At the same time, it can decrease the TCM syndrome score, inhibit the inflammation, protect the renal function, reduce the insulin resistance, and improve the life quality of patients. CONCLUSION QDD can effectively reduce blood pressure and improve the life quality of patients with hypertension, which plays a certain role in preventing hypertension complications. However, due to the methodological deficiencies, more rigorous randomized controlled trials will be needed in the future to provide stronger evidence.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shuo Zhang
- School of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Beijing University of Chinese Medicine, Beijing 100029, China
| | - Xue Bai
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for TCM Compatibility, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 712046, Shaanxi, China
| | - Zhen-Lin Chen
- Graduate School, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 712046, Shaanxi, China
| | - Jia-Jia Li
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for TCM Compatibility, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 712046, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yan-Yan Chen
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for TCM Compatibility, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 712046, Shaanxi, China
| | - Yu-Ping Tang
- Key Laboratory of Shaanxi Administration of Traditional Chinese Medicine for TCM Compatibility, Shaanxi University of Chinese Medicine, Xi'an 712046, Shaanxi, China
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Hasani D, Bahrami M, Ahanghar H, Kamalinejad M, Faghihzadeh S, Dadmehr M. A Review on the Hypotheses about Arterial Hypertension from the Viewpoint of Traditional Persian Medicine. Galen Med J 2020; 9:e1065. [PMID: 34466543 PMCID: PMC8343878 DOI: 10.31661/gmj.v9i0.1065] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/25/2017] [Revised: 03/15/2018] [Accepted: 01/21/2019] [Indexed: 11/16/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertension is one of the most common chronic diseases in recent decades worldwide. It has been distinguished as the main risk factor of coronary artery disease, aortic dissection, heart failure, renal failure, cerebrovascular diseases, and death. In recent years, the global attention has been paid to complementary medicine to preventive, diagnostic and treatment strategies for hypertension, in previous studies, the history of hypertension from the viewpoint of traditional Persian medicine have been reviewed and several hypotheses raised. In this article, we present the concept of an Iranian physician namely Ali ibn Sahl Rabban al-Tabari on hypertension, which has not been considered properly until now. He defined a state called "Hayajan al-dam" that has clinical manifestations similar to hypertension, although these are not the same, also, we reviewed the viewpoint of other Persian medicine scholars namely Rhazes, Haly Abbas, Akhawayni and Avicenna for this topic.
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Affiliation(s)
- Davoud Hasani
- School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Mohsen Bahrami
- Research Institute for Islamic and Complementary Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- School of Traditional Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- Correspondence to: Mohsen Bahrami MD, Ph.D., School of Persian Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences (IUMS), Tehran, Iran Telephone Number: 00989124390499 Email Address:
| | - Hassan Ahanghar
- Department of Cardiology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Sciences, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Mohammad Kamalinejad
- Department of Pharmacognosy, School of Pharmacy, Shahid Beheshti University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
| | - Soghrat Faghihzadeh
- Department of Biostatistics and Epidemiology, School of Medicine, Zanjan University of Medical Science, Zanjan, Iran
| | - Majid Dadmehr
- Research Institute for Islamic and Complementary Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
- School of Traditional Medicine, Iran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran
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Xiong XJ, Yang XC, Liu W, Duan L, Wang PQ, You H, Li XK, Wang S. Therapeutic Efficacy and Safety of Traditional Chinese Medicine Classic Herbal Formula Longdanxiegan Decoction for Hypertension: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Front Pharmacol 2018; 9:466. [PMID: 29867474 PMCID: PMC5953326 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2018.00466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/23/2017] [Accepted: 04/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/10/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: The traditional Chinese medicine classic herbal formula Longdanxiegan decoction (LDXGD) is widely used for hypertensive patients in China. Objectives: This systematic review and meta-analysis aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of LDXGD for hypertension. Methods: PubMed, EMBASE, Cochrane Central Register of Controlled Trials, Chinese Biomedical Literature Database, Chinese Scientific Journal Database, Chinese National Knowledge Infrastructure, and Wanfang Database were searched up to February 7, 2017 for randomized control trials in treating hypertension. Results: Nine trials were identified. Compared with antihypertensive drugs, Longdanxiegan decoction plus antihypertensive drugs (LPAD) significantly improved systolic blood pressure (BP) (n = 138; MD = −4.82 mmHg; 95% CI: −7.89 to −1.76; P = 0.002), diastolic BP (n = 138; MD = −2.42 mmHg; 95% CI: −3.22 to −1.62; P < 0.00001), categorical BP (n = 509; RR: 1.26; 95% CI: 1.17 to 1.36; P < 0.00001), hypertension related symptoms (n = 509; RR: 1.31; 95% CI: 1.15 to 1.49; P < 0.0001), and heart rate (n = 138; MD = −2.40 bpm; 95% CI: −4.23 to −0.56; P = 0.01). Beneficial effects but no statistically significant reduction in total cholesterol (n = 138; MD = −0.11 mmol/l; 95% CI: −0.65 to 0.44; P = 0.71), or triglyceride (n = 138; MD = −0.20 mmol/l; 95% CI: −0.46 to 0.07; P = 0.14) was observed in LPAD. Compared with antihypertensive drugs, LDXGD used alone significantly improved systolic BP, diastolic BP, and hypertension related symptoms. But there was no difference between LDXGD and antihypertensive drugs on categorical BP (n = 120; RR: 1.09; 95% CI: 0.96 to 1.23; P = 0.18). The safety of LDXGD were still unclear. Conclusions: Due to poor methodological quality of the included trials, as well as potential reporting bias, our review found no conclusive evidence for the effectiveness of LDXGD in treating hypertension. The potential beneficial effects and safety of LDXGD should be assessed in future properly designed trials.
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Affiliation(s)
- Xing-Jiang Xiong
- Department of Cardiology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Xiao-Chen Yang
- Department of Cardiology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China.,Yale Cardiovascular Research Center, Yale School of Medicine, Yale University, New Haven, CT, United States
| | - Wei Liu
- Department of Cardiology, Traditional Chinese Medicine Hospital of Beijing, Capital Medical University, Beijing, China
| | - Lian Duan
- Department of Cardiology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Peng-Qian Wang
- Department of Pharmacology, Institute of Chinese Materia Medica, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
| | - Hu You
- Department of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing Benq Hospital, Nanjing Medical University, Nanjing, China.,Department of Treatise on Febrile Diseases, College of Basic Medicine, Nanjing University of Chinese Medicine, Nanjing, China
| | - Xiao-Ke Li
- Bio-organic and Natural Products Laboratory, McLean Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Belmont, MA, United States
| | - Shihan Wang
- Department of Cardiology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China
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Evidence-Based TAM Classic Herbal Formula: From Myth to Science. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2017; 2017:9493076. [PMID: 28246542 PMCID: PMC5299190 DOI: 10.1155/2017/9493076] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/30/2016] [Accepted: 12/13/2016] [Indexed: 12/03/2022]
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Wang P, Xiong X, Li S. Efficacy and Safety of a Traditional Chinese Herbal Formula Xuefu Zhuyu Decoction for Hypertension: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Medicine (Baltimore) 2015; 94:e1850. [PMID: 26496333 PMCID: PMC4620751 DOI: 10.1097/md.0000000000001850] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022] Open
Abstract
The cardioprotective role of xuefu zhuyu decoction (XZD), a well-known classical herbal formula, has been documented for hypertension treatment recently. This study aims to summarize the efficacy and safety of XZD in treating hypertension.Seven databases were searched to identify randomized controlled trials evaluating the efficacy of XZD in hypertensive patients. Fifteen studies involving 1364 hypertensive patients were included. All studies compared XZD and antihypertensive drugs with antihypertensive drugs used alone.In all, 15 studies reported significant effects of XZD for lowering blood pressure compared with the control group (P < 0.05), and 7 studies reported significant effects of XZD for improving symptoms compared with the control group (P < 0.00001). Meanwhile, studies reported XZD was more efficacious than antihypertensive drugs in improving total cholesterol, triglycerides, low-density lipoprotein cholesterol, homocysteine, hemorheology, carotid intima-media thickness, and left ventricular mass index (P < 0.05). No severe adverse event was reported.This meta-analysis provides evidence that XZD is beneficial for hypertension. Although concerns regarding selective bias and methodologic flaws were raised, our findings suggests XZD as a new candidate cardioprotective drug for hypertension, which should be given priority for future preclinical and clinical studies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Pengqian Wang
- From the Institute of Basic Research in Clinical Medicine, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China (PW); Department of Cardiology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beijing, China (XX); and Department of Biological Science and Technology, School of Life Sciences, Tsinghua University, Beijing, China (SL)
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Xiong X. Integrating traditional Chinese medicine into Western cardiovascular medicine: an evidence-based approach. Nat Rev Cardiol 2015; 12:374. [PMID: 25917150 DOI: 10.1038/nrcardio.2014.177-c1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Xingjiang Xiong
- Department of Cardiology, Guang'anmen Hospital, China Academy of Chinese Medical Sciences, Beixiange 5#, Xicheng District, 100053 Beijing, China
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