1
|
Karlsson I, Sandman L, Axén I, Kwak L, Sernbo E, Björk Brämberg E. Ethical challenges from a problem-solving intervention with workplace involvement: a qualitative study among employees with common mental disorders, first-line managers, and rehabilitation coordinators. Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being 2024; 19:2308674. [PMID: 38324667 PMCID: PMC10851822 DOI: 10.1080/17482631.2024.2308674] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Accepted: 01/18/2024] [Indexed: 02/09/2024] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE This study aims to explore ethical challenges potentially arising from a problem-solving intervention with workplace involvement (PSI-WPI) in primary health care (with first-line manager involvement) for employees on sickness absence due to common mental disorders. METHODS A qualitative design guided by the theoretical framework for systematic identification of ethical aspects of healthcare technologies. Semi-structured interviews were performed with coordinators (n = 6), employees (n = 13), and first-line managers (n = 8). Reflexive thematic analysis was used to analyse and interpret themes. RESULTS A main theme was identified "the workplace and healthcare hold different organizational value logics" and four sub-themes: "the PSI-WPI challenged the organizational goals and values of the workplace and healthcare", "the PSI-WPI challenged organizational values on fairness", "the PSI-WPI challenged the professional roles of first-line managers and rehabilitation coordinators" and "the PSI-WPI introduced a need for the employee to juggle the employee and patient roles". CONCLUSION Different organizational value logics, values, and goals can introduce ethical challenges. We advise clarifying stakeholders' roles and preparing employees and managers for the return to work process by providing sufficient information. The ethical challenges and suggested measures to minimize them, should be considered when planning return to work interventions that involve several stakeholders.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Ida Karlsson
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Unit of Intervention and Implementation Research for Worker Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lars Sandman
- Department of Health, Medicine and Caring Sciences, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Iben Axén
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Unit of Intervention and Implementation Research for Worker Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lydia Kwak
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Unit of Intervention and Implementation Research for Worker Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elisabet Sernbo
- Faculty of Social Sciences, Department of Social Work, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Elisabeth Björk Brämberg
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Unit of Intervention and Implementation Research for Worker Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Brämberg E, Åhsberg E, Fahlström G, Furberg E, Gornitzki C, Ringborg A, Thoursie PS. Effects of work-directed interventions on return-to-work in people on sick-leave for to common mental disorders-a systematic review. Int Arch Occup Environ Health 2024; 97:597-619. [PMID: 38710801 PMCID: PMC11245426 DOI: 10.1007/s00420-024-02068-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/29/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2024] [Indexed: 05/08/2024]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the body of evidence of the effects of work-directed interventions on return-to-work for people on sick leave due to common mental disorders (i.e., mild to moderate depression, anxiety, adjustment disorders and reactions to severe stress). METHODS The systematic review was conducted in accordance with an a priori developed and registered protocol (Prospero CRD42021235586). The certainty of evidence was assessed by two independent reviewers using the Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development and Evaluations. RESULTS We reviewed 14,794 records published between 2015 and 2021. Of these, eight RCTs published in eleven articles were included in the analysis. POPULATION Working age adults (18 to 64 years), on sick leave due to mild to moderate depression, anxiety, adjustment disorders or reactions to severe stress. INTERVENTION Work-directed interventions. COMPARATOR No comparator, Standard care, or other measures. OUTCOME return to work, number of days on sick leave, income. Overall, the effects of work-focused CBT and work-focused team-based support on RTW resulted in increased or faster return-to-work compared with standard care or no intervention (low certainty of evidence). The effects of Individual Placement and Support showed no difference in RTW compared with standard care (very low certainty of evidence). CONCLUSION Interventions involving the workplace could increase the probability of RTW. Areas in need of improvement in the included studies, for example methodological issues, are discussed. Further, suggestions are made for improving methodological rigor when conducting large scale trials.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Brämberg
- Unit of Intervention- and Implementation Research for Worker Health, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77, Stockholm, Sweden.
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Elizabeth Åhsberg
- Swedish Agency for Health Technology Assessment and Assessment of Social Services (SBU), Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Public Health and Caring Sciences, Uppsala University, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Gunilla Fahlström
- Swedish Agency for Health Technology Assessment and Assessment of Social Services (SBU), Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Elisabet Furberg
- Department of Philosophy, Stockholm University, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Carl Gornitzki
- Swedish Agency for Health Technology Assessment and Assessment of Social Services (SBU), Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Anna Ringborg
- Swedish Agency for Health Technology Assessment and Assessment of Social Services (SBU), Stockholm, Sweden
| | | |
Collapse
|
3
|
Shaw E, Nunns M, Spicer SG, Lawal H, Briscoe S, Melendez‐Torres GJ, Garside R, Liabo K, Coon JT. What is the volume, quality and characteristics of evidence relating to the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of multi-disciplinary occupational health interventions aiming to improve work-related outcomes for employed adults? An evidence and gap map of systematic reviews. CAMPBELL SYSTEMATIC REVIEWS 2024; 20:e1412. [PMID: 38751859 PMCID: PMC11094349 DOI: 10.1002/cl2.1412] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/18/2024]
Abstract
Background In the UK, tens of millions of working days are lost due to work-related ill health every year, costing billions of pounds. The role of Occupational Health (OH) services is vital in helping workers to maintain employment when they encounter injury or illness. OH providers traditionally rely on a clinical workforce to deliver these services, particularly doctors and nurses with OH qualifications. However, the increasing demand for OH services is unlikely to be met in the future using this traditional model, due to the declining number of OH-trained doctors and nurses in the UK. Multi-disciplinary models of OH delivery, including a more varied range of healthcare and non-healthcare professionals, could provide a way to meet this new demand for OH services. There is a need to identify collaborative models of OH service delivery and review their effectiveness on return-to work outcomes. There is an existing pool of systematic review evidence evaluating workplace based, multi-disciplinary OH interventions, but it is difficult to identify which aspects of the content and/or delivery of these interventions may be associated with improved work-related outcomes. Objectives The aim of this evidence and gap map (EGM) was to provide an overview of the systematic review evidence that evaluates the effectiveness and cost-effectiveness of multi-disciplinary OH interventions intending to improve work-related outcomes. Search Methods In June 2021 we searched a selection of bibliographic databases and other academic literature resources covering a range of relevant disciplines, including health care and business studies, to identify systematic review evidence from a variety of sectors of employment. We also searched Google Search and a selection of topically relevant websites and consulted with stakeholders to identify reports already known to them. Searches were updated in February 2023. Selection Criteria Systematic reviews needed to be about adults (16 years or over) in employment, who have had absence from work for any medical reason. Interventions needed to be multi-disciplinary (including professionals from different backgrounds in clinical and non-clinical professions) and designed to support employees and employers to manage health conditions in the workplace and/or to help employees with health conditions retain and/or return to work following medical absence. Effectiveness needed to be measured in terms of return to work, work retention or measures of absence, or economic evaluation outcomes. These criteria were applied to the title and abstract and full text of each systematic review independently by two reviewers, with disagreements resolved through discussion. We awarded each systematic review a rating of 'High', 'Medium' or 'Low' relevance to indicate the extent to which the populations, interventions and their contexts synthesised within the review were consistent with our research question. We also recorded the number of primary studies included within each of the 'High' and 'Medium' reviews that were relevant to research question using the same screening process applied at review level. Data Collection and Analysis Summary data for each eligible review was extracted. The quality of the systematic reviews, rated as 'High' or 'Medium' relevance following full text screening, was appraised using the AMSTAR-2 quality appraisal tool. All data were extracted by one reviewer and checked by a second, with disagreements being settled through discussion. Summary data for all eligible systematic reviews were tabulated and described narratively. The data extracted from reviews of 'High' and 'Medium' relevance was imported into EPPI-Mapper software to create an EGM. Stakeholder Involvement We worked alongside commissioners and policy makers from the Department of Health and Social Care (DHSC) and Department of Work and Pensions (DWP), OH personnel, and people with lived experience of accessing OH services themselves and/or supporting employees to access OH services. Individuals contributed to decision making at all stages of the project. This ensured our EGM reflects the needs of individuals who will use it. Main Results We identified 98 systematic reviews that contained relevant interventions, which involved a variety of professionals and workplaces, and which measured effectiveness in terms of return to work (RTW). Of these, we focused on the 30 reviews where the population and intervention characteristics within the systematic reviews were considered to be of high or medium relevance to our research questions. The 30 reviews were of varying quality, split evenly between High/Moderate quality and Low/Critically-Low quality ratings. We did not identify any relevant systematic review evidence on any other work-related outcome of interest. Interventions were heterogenous, both within and across included systematic reviews. The EGM is structured according to the health condition experienced by participants, and the effectiveness of the interventions being evaluated, as reported within the included systematic reviews. It is possible to view (i) the quality and quantity of systematic review evidence for a given health condition, (ii) how review authors assessed the effectiveness or cost-effectiveness of the interventions evaluated. The EGM also details the primary studies relevant to our research aim included within each review. Authors’ Conclusions This EGM map highlights the array of systematic review evidence that exists in relation to the effectiveness or cost-effectiveness of multi-disciplinary, workplace-based OH interventions in supporting RTW. This evidence will allow policy makers and commissioners of services to determine which OH interventions may be most useful for supporting different population groups in different contexts. OH professionals may find the content of the EGM useful in identifying systematic review evidence to support their practice. The EGM also identifies where systematic review evidence in this area is lacking, or where existing evidence is of poor quality. These may represent areas where it may be particularly useful to conduct further systematic reviews.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elizabeth Shaw
- Exeter Policy Research Programme Evidence Review Facility, Faculty of Health and Life SciencesUniversity of ExeterExeterUK
| | - Michael Nunns
- Exeter Policy Research Programme Evidence Review Facility, Faculty of Health and Life SciencesUniversity of ExeterExeterUK
| | - Stuart G. Spicer
- NIHR Applied Research CollaborationUniversity of PlymouthPlymouthUK
| | - Hassanat Lawal
- Exeter Policy Research Programme Evidence Review Facility, Faculty of Health and Life SciencesUniversity of ExeterExeterUK
| | - Simon Briscoe
- Exeter Policy Research Programme Evidence Review Facility, Faculty of Health and Life SciencesUniversity of ExeterExeterUK
| | - G. J. Melendez‐Torres
- Exeter Policy Research Programme Evidence Review Facility, Faculty of Health and Life SciencesUniversity of ExeterExeterUK
| | - Ruth Garside
- Exeter Policy Research Programme Evidence Review Facility, Faculty of Health and Life SciencesUniversity of ExeterExeterUK
| | - Kristin Liabo
- Exeter Policy Research Programme Evidence Review Facility, Faculty of Health and Life SciencesUniversity of ExeterExeterUK
| | - Jo Thompson Coon
- Exeter Policy Research Programme Evidence Review Facility, Faculty of Health and Life SciencesUniversity of ExeterExeterUK
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Lecours A, Coutu MF, Durand MJ. Fostering Stay at Work After a Period of Disability: A Scoping Review of Occupational Rehabilitation Strategies to Support Workers in the Adoption of Preventive Behaviours. JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL REHABILITATION 2024; 34:56-70. [PMID: 37358726 DOI: 10.1007/s10926-023-10122-6] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 06/05/2023] [Indexed: 06/27/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE Based on the theoretical framework of the Model of Preventive Behaviours at Work, the aim of this study was to describe the the occupational rehabilitation strategies the literature reports that support workers who have suffered an occupational injury in adopting preventive behaviours. METHODS To conduct this scoping review, we used a systematic methodology in 7 steps : (1) definition of the research question and inclusion/exclusion criteria; (2) scientific and gray literature search; (3) determination of manuscripts' eligibility; (4) extraction and charting of information; (5) quality assessment; (6) interpretation; and (7) knowledge synthesis. RESULTS We selected 46 manuscripts of various types (e.g. randomized trials, qualitative studies, governmental documents). Manuscripts were mainly of good or high quality according to our quality assessment. The strategies for coaching, engaging, educating and collaborating were mostly reported in the literature to support the development of the six preventive behaviours during occupational rehabilitation. The results also suggest that heterogeneity exists regarding the specificity of the strategies reported in the literature, which may have hindered our ability to provide rich and detailed descriptions. Literature also mainly describes individually oriented behaviours and reports strategies requiring a low level of worker involvement, which represent issues to adress in future researh projects. CONCLUSION The strategies described in this article reprensent concrete levers that occupational rehabilitation professionals can use to support workers in the adoption of preventive behaviours at work on return from having suffered an occupational injury.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Alexandra Lecours
- Département d'ergothérapie, Université du Québec à Trois-Rivières, 555 Boul de l'Université, Drummondville, Québec, J2C 0R5, Canada.
- Centre interdisciplinaire de recherche en réadaptation et intégration sociale, Quebec, Canada.
| | - Marie-France Coutu
- École de réadaptation, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada
- Centre d'action en prévention et réadaptation de l'incapacité au travail, Longueuil, Canada
| | - Marie-José Durand
- École de réadaptation, Université de Sherbrooke, Sherbrooke, Canada
- Centre d'action en prévention et réadaptation de l'incapacité au travail, Longueuil, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Lundqvist J, Brattmyr M, Lindberg MS, Havnen A, Solem S, Hjemdal O. Examination of the knowledge gap of return-to-work outcomes in routine outpatient treatment for common mental disorders: a systematic review. Front Psychol 2023; 14:1167058. [PMID: 38039327 PMCID: PMC10655137 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2023.1167058] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/15/2023] [Accepted: 10/19/2023] [Indexed: 12/03/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective Little is known about the effects of routine mental health care on return-to-work (RTW) outcomes. This systematic review aimed to summarize and evaluate the effects of clinical representative psychotherapy on RTW among patients with a common mental disorder (CMD), treated within public mental health care. Method A systematic search was conducted using PubMed, PsycINFO, Embase, and SveMED+. Primary outcomes were RTW, sick leave status, or self-reported work functioning. Studies limited to specific treatments and/or specific patient groups were excluded. Results Out of 1,422 records, only one article met the preregistered inclusion criteria. After broadening of criteria, a total of nine studies were included. Six were randomized controlled trials (RCT), two were register-based studies, and one was a quasi-experimental study. Descriptions of treatment duration and intensity of usual care were rarely specified but ranged from a few sessions to 3 years of psychotherapy. In the RCTs, two studies favored the intervention, one favored routine care, and three found no difference between conditions. Choice of outcomes differed greatly and included RTW rates (full or partial), number of days until RTW, change in sick leave status, and net days/months of work absence. Time points for outcome assessment also varied greatly from 3 months to 5 years after treatment. Conclusion There is inconclusive evidence to establish to what extent routine mental healthcare is associated with improved RTW outcomes for patients with CMD. There is a need for more and better clinical trials and naturalistic studies detailing the content of routine treatment and its effect on RTW. Systematic review registration This study was pre-registered at PROSPERO (CRD42022304967), https://www.crd.york.ac.uk/prospero/display_record.php?ID=CRD42022304967.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jakob Lundqvist
- Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Martin Brattmyr
- Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Martin Schevik Lindberg
- Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Health and Welfare, Trondheim Municipality, Norway
| | - Audun Havnen
- Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
- Nidaros Community Mental Health Centre, Division of Psychiatry, St. Olav’s University Hospital, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Stian Solem
- Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| | - Odin Hjemdal
- Department of Psychology, Norwegian University of Science and Technology, Trondheim, Norway
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Beno A, Bertilsson M, Holmgren K, Glise K, Pousette A, Segerfelt K, Björk L. Does employer involvement in primary health care enhance return to work for patients with stress-related mental disorders? a cluster randomized controlled trial. BMC PRIMARY CARE 2023; 24:195. [PMID: 37730561 PMCID: PMC10512560 DOI: 10.1186/s12875-023-02151-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/28/2022] [Accepted: 09/04/2023] [Indexed: 09/22/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stress-related disorders have become a major challenge for society and are associated with rising levels of sick leave. The provision of support to facilitate the return to work (RTW) for this patient group is of great importance. The aim of the present study was to evaluate whether a new systematic procedure with collaboration between general practitioners (GPs), rehabilitation coordinators (RCs) and employers could reduce sick leave days for this patient group. METHOD Employed patients with stress-related diagnoses seeking care at primary health care centres (PHCCs) were included in either the intervention group (n = 54), following the systematic intervention procedure, or the control group (n = 58), receiving treatment as usual (TAU). The intervention included a) a training day for participant GPs and RCs, b) a standardised procedure for GPs and RCs to follow after training, c) the opportunity to receive clinical advice from specialist physicians in the research group. Outcome measures for RTW were sick leave days. RESULTS The median number of registered gross sick leave days was lower for the control group at six, 12 and 24 months after inclusion, but the difference was not statistically significant. The control group had significantly fewer net sick leave days at three months (p = 0.03) at six months (p = 0.00) and at 12-months follow-up (p = 0.01). At 24 months, this difference was no longer significant. CONCLUSIONS The PRIMA intervention, which applied a standardized procedure for employer involvement in the rehabilitation process for patients with stress-related disorders, actually increased time to RTW compared to TAU. However, at 24 months, the benefit of TAU could no longer be confirmed. The study was registered on 16/01/2017 (ClinicalTrials.gov, NCT03022760).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Anja Beno
- Institute of Stress Medicine, Region Västra Götaland, Carl Skottsbergs Gata 22B, SE-413 19, Gothenburg, Sweden.
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden.
| | - Monica Bertilsson
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Kristina Holmgren
- Department of Health and Rehabilitation, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, The Sahlgrenska Academy at the University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Kristina Glise
- Institute of Stress Medicine, Region Västra Götaland, Carl Skottsbergs Gata 22B, SE-413 19, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Anders Pousette
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden
- The Department of Psychology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Karin Segerfelt
- Institute of Stress Medicine, Region Västra Götaland, Carl Skottsbergs Gata 22B, SE-413 19, Gothenburg, Sweden
- School of Public Health and Community Medicine, Institute of Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, Gothenburg University, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Lisa Björk
- Institute of Stress Medicine, Region Västra Götaland, Carl Skottsbergs Gata 22B, SE-413 19, Gothenburg, Sweden
- The Department of Work Science and Sociology, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
7
|
Gray NS, Davies H, Brad R, Snowden RJ. Reducing sickness absence and stigma due to mental health difficulties: a randomised control treatment trial (RCT) of a low intensity psychological intervention and stigma reduction programme for common mental disorder (Prevail). BMC Public Health 2023; 23:1324. [PMID: 37430234 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-16200-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/20/2022] [Accepted: 06/27/2023] [Indexed: 07/12/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Common mental disorders are the leading cause of workplace absences. The Prevail intervention programme aims to reduce stigma and to educate staff and managers about evidence-based low intensity psychological interventions for common mental disorders (depression, anxiety, stress, and distress). Prevail is innovative in taking a public health approach. It is designed to be given to all employees irrespective of their past or current mental health. Prevail was evaluated in three studies examining: (1) the acceptability of the intervention and perceived usefulness; (2) whether the intervention altered stigmatic attitudes and motivation to seek help; and (3) whether the intervention reduced sickness absence, both overall and due to mental health problems. METHODS A two-armed cluster randomised control trial (RCT) evaluated the effectiveness of Prevail. Employees (N = 1051) at a large UK government institution were randomised to an active intervention or control arm in teams identified by their managers (n = 67). Employees in the active arm received the Prevail Staff Intervention. The managers in the active arm also received the Prevail Managers Intervention. Participants' satisfaction and analysis of the Prevail Intervention were gathered by a bespoke questionnaire. Questionnaire measures of attitudes to mental health and mental health stigma were taken 1-2 weeks prior to the intervention and approximately 4 weeks post-intervention. Data relating to sickness absence were gathered via the official records in the time period 3-month post-intervention and for the same period 12 months earlier. RESULTS Prevail was evaluated highly favourably by both the staff and their managers. Prevail produced significant reductions in self-stigma and anticipated stigma due to mental health difficulties. Crucially, sickness absence was significantly reduced by the Prevail Intervention. DISCUSSION Prevail achieved its goals of producing a palatable and engaging intervention that altered staff's attitudes and stigmatic beliefs related to mental health and, crucially, produced a strong reduction in work-pace absenteeism. As the Prevail programme is aimed at common mental health problems and was not specialised to this particular workforce, the study provides the evidence-base for a mental health intervention programme that could be used by many organisations across the world. TRIAL REGISTRATION ISRCTN12040087. Registered 04/05/2020. https://doi.org/10.1186/ISRCTN12040087 . A full protocol for the randomised control trial was published: Gray NS, Davies H, Snowden RJ: Reducing stigma and increasing workplace productivity due to mental health difficulties in a large government organization in the UK: a protocol for a randomised control treatment trial (RCT) of a low intensity psychological intervention and stigma reduction programme for common mental disorder (Prevail). BMC Public Health 2020, 20(1):1-9.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicola S Gray
- Department of Psychology, Swansea University, Swansea, Wales, SA2 8PP, UK.
- Caswell Clinic, Swansea Bay University Health Board, Bridgend, UK.
| | - Helen Davies
- Driver and Vehicle Licensing Agency (DVLA), Swansea, UK
| | - Rhodri Brad
- Driver and Vehicle Licensing Agency (DVLA), Swansea, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
8
|
Slater D, Venning A, Matthews L, Iles R, Redpath P. Defining work-focused cognitive behavioural therapy (W-CBT) and whether it is effective at facilitating return to work for people experiencing mental health conditions: A systematic review and narrative synthesis. Health Psychol Open 2023; 10:20551029231217840. [PMID: 38028506 PMCID: PMC10676636 DOI: 10.1177/20551029231217840] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/01/2023] Open
Abstract
It is unclear what constitutes Work Focused Cognitive Behaviour Therapy (W-CBT). This review sought to define W-CBT and ascertain its effectiveness at facilitating return to work (RTW) for people experiencing mental health conditions. A systematic review and narrative synthesis were undertaken. Five databases were searched (Medline, ProQuest, PsychInfo, Scopus, and Web of Science). English publications with an intervention combining CBT with RTW were selected. Quality checklists from the Joanna Briggs Institute were applied. Searching yielded 16,863 results. 23 moderate-to-high quality studies from 25 articles were included (13 experimentally designed studies, 3 pilots/case studies and 7 reviews). Results indicated W-CBT is effective at facilitating RTW for mild-to-moderate mental health conditions. For a program to be labelled W-CBT it is recommended it is (1) a stand-alone intervention; (2) delivered with an understanding RTW is the goal; and, (3) the CBT components are always framed by matters, subjects and contexts related to work.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Dylan Slater
- Discipline of Behavioural Health, College of Medicine & Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Anthony Venning
- Discipline of Behavioural Health, College of Medicine & Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| | - Lynda Matthews
- Faculty of Medicine and Health, University of Sydney, Sydney, NSW, Australia
| | - Ross Iles
- Healthy Working Lives Research Group, School of Public Health and Preventive Medicine, Monash University, Clayton, VIC, Australia
| | - Paula Redpath
- Discipline of Behavioural Health, College of Medicine & Public Health, Flinders University, Adelaide, SA, Australia
| |
Collapse
|
9
|
Ida K, Lydia K, Iben A, Gunnar B, Ute B, Kristina H, Elisabeth BB. Experiences of participating in a problem-solving intervention with workplace involvement in Swedish primary health care: a qualitative study from rehabilitation coordinator's, employee's, and manager's perspectives. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:940. [PMID: 37226167 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15899-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2022] [Accepted: 05/16/2023] [Indexed: 05/26/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Work-directed interventions that include problem-solving can reduce the number of sickness absence days. The effect of combining a problem-solving intervention with involvement of the employer is currently being tested in primary care in Sweden for employees on sickness absence due to common mental disorders (PROSA trial). The current study is part of the PROSA trial and has a two-fold aim: 1) to explore the experiences of participating in a problem-solving intervention with workplace involvement aimed at reducing sickness absence in employees with common mental disorders, delivered in Swedish primary health care, and 2) to identify facilitators of and barriers to participate in the intervention. Both aims targeted rehabilitation coordinators, employees on sickness absence, and first-line managers. METHODS Data were collected from semi-structured interviews with participants from the PROSA intervention group; rehabilitation coordinators (n = 8), employees (n = 13), and first-line managers (n = 8). Content analysis was used to analyse the data and the Consolidated Framework for Implementation Research was used to group the data according to four contextual domains. One theme describing the participation experiences was established for each domain. Facilitators and barriers for each domain and stakeholder group were identified. RESULTS The stakeholders experienced the intervention as supportive in identifying problems and solutions and enabling a dialogue between them. However, the intervention was considered demanding and good relationships between the stakeholders were needed. Facilitating factors were the manual and work sheets which the coordinators were provided with, and the manager being involved early in the return-to-work process. Barriers were the number of on-site meetings, disagreements and conflicts between employees and first-line managers, and symptom severity. CONCLUSIONS Seeing the workplace as an integral part of the intervention by always conducting a three-part meeting enabled a dialogue that can be used to identify and address disagreements, to explain CMD symptoms, and how these can be handled at the workplace. We suggest allocating time towards developing good relationships, provide RCs with training in handling disagreements, and additional knowledge about factors in the employee's psychosocial work environment that can impair or promote health to increase the RCs ability to support the employee and manager.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Karlsson Ida
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Unit of Intervention and Implementation Research for Worker Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - Kwak Lydia
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Unit of Intervention and Implementation Research for Worker Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Axén Iben
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Unit of Intervention and Implementation Research for Worker Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Bergström Gunnar
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Unit of Intervention and Implementation Research for Worker Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Occupational Health Sciences and Psychology, Faculty of Health and Occupational Studies, University of Gävle, Gävle, Sweden
| | - Bültmann Ute
- Department of Health Sciences, Community and Occupational Medicine, University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Holmgren Kristina
- Department of Health and Rehabilitation, Institute of Neuroscience and Physiology, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Björk Brämberg Elisabeth
- Institute of Environmental Medicine, Unit of Intervention and Implementation Research for Worker Health, Karolinska Institutet, Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Nowrouzi-Kia B, Garrido P, Gohar B, Yazdani A, Chattu VK, Bani-Fatemi A, Howe A, Duncan A, Riquelme MP, Abdullah F, Jaswal S, Lo J, Fayyaz Y, Alam B. Evaluating the Effectiveness of Return-to-Work Interventions for Individuals with Work-Related Mental Health Conditions: A Systematic Review and Meta-Analysis. Healthcare (Basel) 2023; 11:healthcare11101403. [PMID: 37239689 DOI: 10.3390/healthcare11101403] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/21/2023] [Revised: 05/03/2023] [Accepted: 05/06/2023] [Indexed: 05/28/2023] Open
Abstract
The workplace is a vital setting to support positive mental health. Mental health conditions in the workforce contribute to decreased work engagement and participation. There is existing literature on return-to-work (RTW) interventions for individuals with work-related mental health conditions, however, there lacks consensus on their effectiveness. Therefore, the primary aim of this systematic review was to synthesize the literature and evaluate the effectiveness of return-to-work interventions on return-to-work rates, quality of life, and psychological wellbeing for individuals with work-related mental health conditions. Selected articles were organized and identified using the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-analyses (PRISMA) guidelines and the Population/Intervention/Comparison/Outcome (PICO) framework. Quality assessment of the included studies was completed using the Critical Appraisal Skills Programme randomized controlled trials checklist and the Joanna Briggs Institute quasi-experimental studies checklist. A random effects meta-analysis model was performed using DerSimonian-Laird weighting to calculate standard mean difference and risk ratios to assess the impact of RTW interventions on return-to-work rates, absenteeism, stress symptoms, depression symptoms, and quality of life. A total of 28 out of 26,153 articles met the inclusion criteria. Diagnoses for participants in the studies ranged from work-related stress to work-related PTSD following exposure to a psychologically traumatizing event in the workplace. No significant differences were found for the meta-analyses examining return-to-work rates, absenteeism, depression, stress, and quality of life. The most effective interventions were found to be a multi-domain intervention (67% of participants RTW full time) and a health-focused intervention (85% RTW rate). Future research may consider establishing effective interventions to develop programs or policies supporting the RTW of employees and promote mental well-being among employees experiencing work-related mental health conditions.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Behdin Nowrouzi-Kia
- Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 500 University Avenue, Toronto, ON M5G 1V7, Canada
- Krembil Research Institute, University Health Network, 60 Leonard Ave, Toronto, ON M5T 0S8, Canada
- Centre for Research in Occupational Safety & Health, Laurentian University, 935 Ramsey Lake Rd, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada
| | - Pablo Garrido
- Escuela de Psicología, Universidad de Valparaíso, Hontaneda 2653, Valparaíso 2341369, Chile
- OH&S Salud Ocupacional, Av. Salvador 149 Of 811, Santiago 7500710, Chile
| | - Basem Gohar
- Centre for Research in Occupational Safety & Health, Laurentian University, 935 Ramsey Lake Rd, Sudbury, ON P3E 2C6, Canada
- Department of Population Medicine, University of Guelph, 50 Stone Road East, Guelph, ON N1G 2W1, Canada
| | - Amin Yazdani
- Canadian Institute for Safety, Wellness, and Performance, School of Business, Conestoga College Institute of Technology and Advanced Learning, 299 Doon Valley Drive, Kitchener, ON N2G 4M4, Canada
| | - Vijay Kumar Chattu
- Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 500 University Avenue, Toronto, ON M5G 1V7, Canada
- Department of Community Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Datta Meghe Institute of Medical Sciences, Wardha 442107, India
- Center for Transdisciplinary Research, Saveetha Dental College, Saveetha Institute of Medical and Technical Sciences, Saveetha University, Chennai 600077, India
| | - Ali Bani-Fatemi
- Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 500 University Avenue, Toronto, ON M5G 1V7, Canada
| | - Aaron Howe
- Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 500 University Avenue, Toronto, ON M5G 1V7, Canada
| | - Andrea Duncan
- Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 500 University Avenue, Toronto, ON M5G 1V7, Canada
| | - Maria Paz Riquelme
- Escuela de Psicología, Universidad de Valparaíso, Hontaneda 2653, Valparaíso 2341369, Chile
| | - Faizah Abdullah
- Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 500 University Avenue, Toronto, ON M5G 1V7, Canada
| | - Sharan Jaswal
- Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 500 University Avenue, Toronto, ON M5G 1V7, Canada
| | - Joyce Lo
- Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 500 University Avenue, Toronto, ON M5G 1V7, Canada
| | - Yusra Fayyaz
- Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 500 University Avenue, Toronto, ON M5G 1V7, Canada
| | - Bushra Alam
- Department of Occupational Science and Occupational Therapy, Temerty Faculty of Medicine, University of Toronto, 500 University Avenue, Toronto, ON M5G 1V7, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
11
|
Etuknwa A, Daniels K, Nayani R, Eib C. Sustainable Return to Work for Workers with Mental Health and Musculoskeletal Conditions. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:1057. [PMID: 36673814 PMCID: PMC9859362 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20021057] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/28/2022] [Revised: 12/16/2022] [Accepted: 12/20/2022] [Indexed: 06/17/2023]
Abstract
Common mental health and musculoskeletal disorders (CMDs and MSDs) are two of the most significant causes of non-participation in employment amongst working age adults. BACKGROUND This case study fills an important gap in the scientific literature on reintegration back to work after sickness absence due to CMDs and MSDs. It particularly examines the return to work (RTW) experiences of sick-listed employees to understand the facilitators and barriers of sustainable RTW. METHODS Using a realist evaluation approach within a qualitative inquiry, perceptions of employees were explored to provide in-depth understanding of what, how and under what circumstances sustainable RTW can be enabled for employees absent on a short- or long-term basis. Repeat face-to-face semi-structured interviews were conducted with 22 participants (15 women and 7 men, aged 30-50 years and sick-listed with MSDs and CMDs) who were recruited using purposive sampling. Data was thematically analysed. RESULTS A total of 2 main codes and 5 subcodes were developed and grouped into three theoretical abstractions. As a result of validating the context, mechanism, and outcome configurations with accounts of participants, all three initial theories explaining the most prominent mechanisms that either facilitates or impedes a sustainable RTW for people with CMDs and MSDs were justified. CONCLUSIONS Our findings reveal the active role of line managers on the RTW outcomes of returning employees. However, line-manager's competence and ability to effectively support and implement appropriate RTW strategies suited to employees' hinges on working in alignment with key stakeholders and returning employees.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
| | - Kevin Daniels
- Norwich Research Park, Norwich Business School, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Rachel Nayani
- Norwich Research Park, Norwich Business School, University of East Anglia, Norwich NR4 7TJ, UK
| | - Constanze Eib
- Department of Psychology, Uppsala University, 752 36 Uppsala, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
12
|
Horn L, Spronken M, Brouwers EPM, de Reuver RSM, Joosen MCW. Identifying Return to Work Self-Efficacy Trajectories in Employees with Mental Health Problems. JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL REHABILITATION 2022; 32:64-76. [PMID: 33978874 PMCID: PMC8858915 DOI: 10.1007/s10926-021-09979-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 04/16/2021] [Indexed: 06/12/2023]
Abstract
Purpose Return to work self-efficacy (RTW-SE) is a strong predictor of return to work (RTW) in employees with mental health problems (MHPs). However, little is known about the development of RTW-SE during the RTW process. In this study, we aimed to identify RTW-SE trajectories in the year following sick leave in employees with MHPs and provided a description of the trajectories in terms of personal and work characteristics, and RTW status. Methods This multi-wave study included 111 employees with MHPs. RTW-SE was measured at baseline, and at 3, 6, and 12 months follow-up with the RTW-SE scale for employees with MHPs. Results Latent class growth analysis revealed six trajectories. In three trajectories employees had increasing RTW-SE scores, namely (class 1) low start, moderate increase, (class 3) moderate start, small increase and (class 5) moderate start, steep increase. The other trajectories were defined by (class 2) persistently high, (class 6) persistently low, and (class 4) decreasing RTW-SE scores over time. Employees across the various trajectories differed significantly with respect to RTW status, and personal and work characteristics measured at baseline, including age, gender, and type of MHP. Less favorable trajectories (class 4 and 6) were characterized by higher age, a higher prevalence of anxiety disorder and lower RTW rates. The most favorable trajectory (class 2) was characterized by a higher proportion of stress-related disorders and less major depression diagnoses. Conclusions Large heterogeneity exists in terms of RTW-SE trajectories in employees with MHPs and significant differences were found across the trajectories regarding personal and work characteristics, and RTW status. Insights into RTW-SE trajectories and their attributes are important to advance more effective and personalized RTW treatment for employees with MHPs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Lena Horn
- Tranzo Scientific Center for Care and Wellbeing, Tilburg School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Tilburg University, Professor Cobbenhagenlaan 125, 5037 DB, Tilburg, The Netherlands.
| | - Maitta Spronken
- Tranzo Scientific Center for Care and Wellbeing, Tilburg School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Tilburg University, Professor Cobbenhagenlaan 125, 5037 DB, Tilburg, The Netherlands
- Faculty of Psychology, Open University of the Netherlands, Valkenburgerweg 177, 6419 AT, Heerlen, The Netherlands
| | - Evelien P M Brouwers
- Tranzo Scientific Center for Care and Wellbeing, Tilburg School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Tilburg University, Professor Cobbenhagenlaan 125, 5037 DB, Tilburg, The Netherlands
| | - Renée S M de Reuver
- Department Human Resource Studies, Tilburg School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Tilburg University, Warandelaan 2, 5037 AB, Tilburg, The Netherlands
| | - Margot C W Joosen
- Tranzo Scientific Center for Care and Wellbeing, Tilburg School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Tilburg University, Professor Cobbenhagenlaan 125, 5037 DB, Tilburg, The Netherlands
- Department Human Resource Studies, Tilburg School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Tilburg University, Warandelaan 2, 5037 AB, Tilburg, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
13
|
Hoaki Y, Terao T. Frequency of Participation in a Return-to-Work Program Predicts Successful Work Restoration but Not Maintenance. Front Psychiatry 2021; 12:620520. [PMID: 34054592 PMCID: PMC8160237 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyt.2021.620520] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/23/2020] [Accepted: 04/20/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Several predictors for work restoration and maintenance of restoration have been examined among employees with mood and/or anxiety disorders, but whether frequency of participation in a return-to-work (RTW) program can predict successful work restoration and maintenance remains unclear. In the present study, we attempted to investigate the hypothesis that the frequency of RTW program participation can predict successful work restoration and maintenance. Among seventy-seven patients attending an RTW program, the frequency of participation was positively associated with work restoration but not with maintenance. The result was in partial agreement (restoration) and partial disagreement (maintenance of restoration) with our hypothesis. Thus, the present study suggests that the frequency of participation in an RTW program can predict successful work restoration but not maintenance.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Yuriko Hoaki
- Department of Psychiatry, Oita Okanoue Hospital, Oita, Japan
| | - Takeshi Terao
- Department of Neuropsychiatry, Oita University Faculty of Medicine, Oita, Japan
| |
Collapse
|
14
|
Process Evaluation of a Participative Organizational Intervention as a Stress Preventive Intervention for Employees in Swedish Primary Health Care. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17197285. [PMID: 33036154 PMCID: PMC7579215 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17197285] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2020] [Revised: 09/30/2020] [Accepted: 10/02/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
This study is a process evaluation of a trial examining the effects of an organizational intervention (Productivity Measurement and Enhancement System or ProMES) on employee stress. The aims were to explore the implementation process and fidelity to the intervention guidelines, examine the influence of contextual factors (hindrances and facilitators) and explore participants' experience of working with ProMES. We used the UK Medical Research Council (MRC) guidance to guide the process evaluation. The recruitment, reach and dose delivered were satisfactory and participation high. The employees felt ProMES clarified priorities, gave control and increased participation in decision-making. However, difficulty in obtaining statistical productivity data from the central administration office (a central feature of the intervention) hindered full implementation and regular feedback meetings. Staffing shortages interfered with the implementation process, while having seven design teams and one consultant prevented all occupational groups from working simultaneously. A detailed examination of access to necessary organizational data should be undertaken before implementing ProMES. We recommend a better introduction for new employees, more work on design and packaging and giving employees more training in how to use the software program. The study contributes to our understanding of process evaluations in research into organizational stress management interventions.
Collapse
|
15
|
Corbière M, Mazaniello-Chézol M, Bastien MF, Wathieu E, Bouchard R, Panaccio A, Guay S, Lecomte T. Stakeholders' Role and Actions in the Return-to-Work Process of Workers on Sick-Leave Due to Common Mental Disorders: A Scoping Review. JOURNAL OF OCCUPATIONAL REHABILITATION 2020; 30:381-419. [PMID: 31673934 DOI: 10.1007/s10926-019-09861-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 53] [Impact Index Per Article: 13.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 05/28/2023]
Abstract
The lack of knowledge regarding the roles and actions of return to work (RTW) stakeholders create confusion and uncertainty about how and when to RTW after experiencing a common mental disorder (CMD). Purpose The purpose of this scoping review is to disentangle the various stakeholders' role and actions in the RTW process of workers on sick-leave due to CMDs. The research question is: What is documented in the existing literature regarding the roles and actions of the identified stakeholders involved in the RTW process of workers on sick-leave due to CMDs? Methods In conducting this scoping review, we followed Arksey and O'Malley's (Int J Soc Res Methodol 8:19-32, 2005) methodology, consisting of different stages (e.g., charting the data by categorizing key results). Results 3709 articles were screened for inclusion, 243 of which were included for qualitative synthesis. Several RTW stakeholders (n=11) were identified (e.g., workers on sick leave due to CMDs, managers, union representatives, rehabilitation professionals, insurers, return to work coordinators). RTW stakeholders' roles and actions inter- and intra-system were recommended, either general (e.g., know and understand the perspectives of all RTW stakeholders) or specific to an actor (e.g., the return to work coordinator needs to create and maintain a working alliance between all RTW stakeholders). Furthermore, close to 200 stakeholders' actions, spread out on different RTW phases, were recommended for facilitating the RTW process. Conclusions Eleven RTW stakeholders from the work, heath and insurance systems have been identified, as well as their respective roles and actions. Thanks to these results, RTW stakeholders and policy makers will be able to build practical relationships and collaboration regarding the RTW of workers on sick leave due to CMDs.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Marc Corbière
- Department of Education, Career counselling, Université du Québec à Montréal, C.P. 8888 succursale Centre-ville, Montreal, QC, H3C 3P8, Canada.
- Centre de recherche de l'Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Montréal (CR-IUSMM), Montreal, QC, Canada.
| | - Maud Mazaniello-Chézol
- Centre de recherche de l'Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Montréal (CR-IUSMM), Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Family Medicine, McGill University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Marie-France Bastien
- Centre de recherche de l'Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Montréal (CR-IUSMM), Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Psychology, Université du Québec à Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Estelle Wathieu
- Centre de recherche de l'Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Montréal (CR-IUSMM), Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Art History, Concordia University, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | | | - Alexandra Panaccio
- John Molson School of Business, Concordia University, Montréal, QC, Canada
| | - Stéphane Guay
- Centre de recherche de l'Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Montréal (CR-IUSMM), Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Psychiatry and Addictology, Université de Montreal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| | - Tania Lecomte
- Centre de recherche de l'Institut Universitaire en Santé Mentale de Montréal (CR-IUSMM), Montreal, QC, Canada
- Department of Psychology, Université de Montréal, Montreal, QC, Canada
| |
Collapse
|
16
|
Gray NS, Davies H, Snowden RJ. Reducing stigma and increasing workplace productivity due to mental health difficulties in a large government organization in the UK: a protocol for a randomised control treatment trial (RCT) of a low intensity psychological intervention and stigma reduction programme for common mental disorder (Prevail). BMC Public Health 2020; 20:896. [PMID: 32517674 PMCID: PMC7285777 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-020-09054-0] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/19/2020] [Accepted: 06/04/2020] [Indexed: 11/17/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Common mental disorders are the leading cause of workplace absences. While the reasons for this are multifarious, there is little doubt that stigma related to common mental disorder plays a large role in sickness absence and in poor help-seeking. Frequently both managers and staff are unsure of how to approach and intervene with mental health related problems. We have therefore devised a mental health intervention programme (Prevail) that aims to reduce stigma and to educate staff about evidence-based low intensity psychological interventions. These can be used by the individual, as well as in collaboration with managers via co-production of problem-focussed solutions, with the aim of improving mental health, reducing sickness absence, and increasing workplace productivity. Methods This two-armed cluster randomised control trial (RCT) will evaluate the effectiveness of Prevail. Eighty managers at a large UK government institution (the DVLA) and their teams (approximately 960 employees) will be randomised into the active intervention group or control (employment as usual) arms of the study. All participants will be invited to complete a series of questionnaires related to mental health stigma, their current and past mental health, and their recent workplace productivity (absenteeism and presenteeism). All employees in the active arm will receive the Prevail Staff intervention, which covers stigma reduction and includes psychoeducation about evidence-based low intensity psychological interventions for common mental disorder. The managers in the active arm will also receive the Prevail Managers programme which covers communication skills, problem formulation, and problem-solving skills. The questionnaire battery will then be given to both groups again 4 weeks post training, and 12 months post-training. Official records of absenteeism from Human Resources will also be gathered from both active and control groups at 12 months post-training. Discussion The treatment trial aims to evaluate if Prevail reduces mental health related stigma (of a number of forms), increases help-seeking behaviours, and increases workplace productivity (via decreased absenteeism and presenteeism). Trial registration ISRCTN12040087. Retrospectively registered 04/05/2020.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Nicola S Gray
- Department of Psychology, College of Human and Health Sciences, Swansea University, Swansea, Wales, SA2 8PP, UK. .,Caswell Clinic, Swansea Bay University Health Board, Bridgend, UK.
| | - Helen Davies
- Driver and Vehicle Licensing Agency (DVLA), Swansea, UK
| | | |
Collapse
|
17
|
Dewa CS, Nieuwenhuijsen K, Holmes‐Sullivan KJ, Singh AK, Drakakaki G. Introducing plant biology graduate students to a culture of mental well-being. PLANT DIRECT 2020; 4:e00211. [PMID: 32259000 PMCID: PMC7130247 DOI: 10.1002/pld3.211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/17/2020] [Revised: 02/27/2020] [Accepted: 02/28/2020] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Currently, an estimated 20%-40% of graduate students have depression and anxiety. In addition, more than half report experiencing high chronic stress. Thus, organizations such as the Plant Science Research Network have highlighted the need to prioritize trainee well-being. This has led to a search for strategies to introduce this cultural change into scientific training. However, for faculty who do not have experience with this topic area, there are few readily available resources from which to draw. In this paper, we describe how two graduate groups, one focused on plant biology and the other on genomics and genetics approached this challenge together by introducing a course on mental and emotional well-being to their incoming first-year graduate students. We describe the research on workplace mental and emotional well-being and disability prevention which served as the basis for the course content. We review the course curriculum, student reflections about what they learned, and implications for future classes.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Carolyn S. Dewa
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCalifornia
- Department of Public Health SciencesUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCalifornia
| | - Karen Nieuwenhuijsen
- Coronel Institute of Occupational HealthAmsterdam UMCUniversity of AmsterdamAmsterdamThe Netherlands
| | | | - Alexis K. Singh
- Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral SciencesUniversity of CaliforniaDavisCalifornia
| | | |
Collapse
|
18
|
Spronken M, Brouwers EPM, Vermunt JK, Arends I, Oerlemans WGM, van der Klink JJL, Joosen MCW. Identifying return to work trajectories among employees on sick leave due to mental health problems using latent class transition analysis. BMJ Open 2020; 10:e032016. [PMID: 32107267 PMCID: PMC7202700 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-032016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 9] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/29/2019] [Revised: 12/04/2019] [Accepted: 01/22/2020] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES To develop effective return to work (RTW) interventions for employees on sick leave due to mental health problems (MHPs), a better understanding of individual variation in the RTW process is needed. We investigated which RTW trajectories can be identified among employees with MHPs in terms of RTW duration and relapse occurrence during the RTW process. Additionally, we examined how different RTW trajectories can be described in terms of personal and work characteristics. METHODS Longitudinal sickness absence registry data were collected retrospectively from the largest Dutch occupational health service. Quantitative RTW information as well as personal and work characteristics were extracted. In total, 9517 employees with a sickness absence due to MHPs were included in the analyses (62 938 data points; RTW durations from 29 to 730 days). RESULTS A latent class transition analysis revealed five distinct RTW trajectories, namely (1) fast RTW with little chance of relapse, (2) slow RTW with little chance of relapse, (3) fast RTW with considerable chance of relapse, (4) slow RTW with considerable chance of relapse and (5) very fast RTW with very small chance of relapse. Differences between employees in the slower and faster trajectories were observed regarding gender, age, type of MHP, organisation sector and organisation size but not regarding part-time work. CONCLUSIONS RTW trajectories among employees with MHPs showed large individual variability and differed on personal and work characteristics. Knowledge on different RTW trajectories and their characteristics contributes to the development of personalised RTW treatments, tailored to specific individuals and organisations.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Maitta Spronken
- Tranzo Scientific Center for Care and Wellbeing, Tilburg School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands
| | - Evelien P M Brouwers
- Tranzo Scientific Center for Care and Wellbeing, Tilburg School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands
| | - Jeroen K Vermunt
- Department of Methodology and Statistics, Tilburg School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands
| | - Iris Arends
- Department of Health Sciences, Community and Occupational Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, Groningen, The Netherlands
| | - Wido G M Oerlemans
- Research and Business Development, HumanTotalCare, Utrecht, The Netherlands
- Organisational Dynamics, Erasmus University Rotterdam, Rotterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Jac J L van der Klink
- Tranzo Scientific Center for Care and Wellbeing, Tilburg School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands
| | - Margot C W Joosen
- Tranzo Scientific Center for Care and Wellbeing, Tilburg School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands
- Department Human Resource Studies, Tilburg School of Social and Behavioral Sciences, Tilburg University, Tilburg, The Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
19
|
Arends I, Almansa J, Stansfeld SA, Amick BC, van der Klink JJL, Bültmann U. One-year trajectories of mental health and work outcomes post return to work in patients with common mental disorders. J Affect Disord 2019; 257:263-270. [PMID: 31302514 DOI: 10.1016/j.jad.2019.07.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/11/2019] [Revised: 05/28/2019] [Accepted: 07/04/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND We investigated one-year trajectories of symptom recovery, work functioning and the return to work percentage (RTW%) among patients with common mental disorders (CMDs). METHODS Data were used from a cluster-randomised controlled trial evaluating a problem-solving intervention for CMD patients (N = 158) who had returned to work. Information on anxiety and depressive symptoms, work functioning and RTW% was collected at baseline and 3, 6 and 12 months follow-up. Latent class growth analyses were used to identify trajectories for the four outcomes and investigate how these trajectories clustered in higher order latent classes. Additionally, we investigated the relation between patient characteristics and class membership. RESULTS We identified four trajectories for all four outcomes and derived three higher order latent classes: slow recovery (42% [66/158]) (high anxiety and depressive symptoms, moderate to low work functioning and fast RTW); fast recovery (25% [40/158]) (low anxiety and depressive symptoms, high work functioning and fast RTW); and gradual recovery (33% [52/158] (decreasing anxiety and depressive symptoms, increasing or low work functioning and fast RTW). Participants with a higher work engagement and readiness to stay at work were more likely to belong to the fast recovery class. LIMITATIONS Due to the relatively small sample size, some trajectories consisted of few participants. Symptom severity was self-reported. CONCLUSIONS Many CMD patients experience high levels of mental health symptoms and work functioning problems during the year post RTW. Creating realistic recovery expectations (for both patients and their environments) could be important for successful and sustainable recovery and work participation.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- I Arends
- Department of Health Sciences, Community & Occupational Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands.
| | - J Almansa
- Department of Health Sciences, Community & Occupational Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - S A Stansfeld
- Centre for Psychiatry, Wolfson Institute of Preventive Medicine, Barts and the London School of Medicine and Dentistry, Queen Mary University of London, London, UK
| | - B C Amick
- Robert Stempel College of Public Health & Social Work, Department of Health Policy and Management, Florida International University, Miami, FL, USA; Institute for Work & Health, Toronto, Canada
| | - J J L van der Klink
- School of Social and Behavioural Sciences, Tranzo, Tilburg University, Tilburg, the Netherlands
| | - U Bültmann
- Department of Health Sciences, Community & Occupational Medicine, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
20
|
The Effectiveness of Mental Health Courts in Reducing Recidivism and Police Contact: A Systematic Review. Community Ment Health J 2019; 55:1073-1098. [PMID: 31175516 DOI: 10.1007/s10597-019-00421-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2018] [Accepted: 05/30/2019] [Indexed: 10/26/2022]
Abstract
Mental health courts were created to help criminal defendants who have a mental illness that significantly contributes to their criminal offense. The purpose of this systematic literature review is to assess the current evidence to address the question, "How effective are mental health courts in reducing recidivism and police contact?" Systematic literature searches of eight electronic databases were performed. A total of 2590 unique citations were identified. Of these, 20 studies were included in the final analysis. The results of this systematic review suggest there is some evidence to show that mental health courts help to reduce recidivism rates, but the effect on police contact is less clear. Results also suggest case managers or access to vocational and housing services may be important components of effective mental health courts.
Collapse
|
21
|
Multidisciplinary Intervention and Acceptance and Commitment Therapy for Return-to-Work and Increased Employability among Patients with Mental Illness and/or Chronic Pain: A Randomized Controlled Trial. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2018; 15:ijerph15112424. [PMID: 30384498 PMCID: PMC6266920 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph15112424] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/10/2018] [Revised: 10/17/2018] [Accepted: 10/27/2018] [Indexed: 11/20/2022]
Abstract
Background: People on long-term sick leave often have a long-lasting process back to work, where the individuals may be in multiple and recurrent states; i.e., receiving different social security benefits or working, and over time they may shift between these states. The purpose of this study was to evaluate the effects of two vocational rehabilitation programs, compared to a control, on return-to-work (RTW) or increased employability in patients on long-term sick leave due to mental illness and/or chronic pain. Methods: In this randomized controlled study, 427 women and men were allocated to either (1) multidisciplinary team management, i.e., multidisciplinary assessments and individual rehabilitation management, (2) acceptance and commitment therapy (ACT), or (3) control. A positive outcome was defined as RTW or increased employability. The outcome was considered negative if the (part-time) wage was reduced or ceased, or if there was an indication of decreased employability. The outcome was measured one year after entry in the project and analyzed using binary and multinomial logistic regressions. Results: Participants in the multidisciplinary team group reported having RTW odds ratio (OR) 3.31 (95% CI 1.39–7.87) compared to the control group in adjusted models. Participants in the ACT group reported having increased employability OR 3.22 (95% CI 1.13–9.15) compared to the control group in adjusted models. Conclusions: This study of vocational rehabilitation in mainly female patients on long-term sick leave due to mental illness and/or chronic pain suggests that multidisciplinary team assessments and individually adapted rehabilitation interventions increased RTW and employability. Solely receiving the ACT intervention also increased employability.
Collapse
|
22
|
Björk Brämberg E, Holmgren K, Bültmann U, Gyllensten H, Hagberg J, Sandman L, Bergström G. Increasing return-to-work among people on sick leave due to common mental disorders: design of a cluster-randomized controlled trial of a problem-solving intervention versus care-as-usual conducted in the Swedish primary health care system (PROSA). BMC Public Health 2018; 18:889. [PMID: 30021545 PMCID: PMC6052693 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-018-5816-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 19] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/06/2018] [Accepted: 07/09/2018] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Common mental disorders affect about one-third of the European working-age population and are one of the leading causes of sick leave in Sweden and other OECD countries. Besides the individual suffering, the costs for society are high. This paper describes the design of a study to evaluate a work-related, problem-solving intervention provided at primary health care centers for employees on sick leave due to common mental disorders. METHODS The study has a two-armed cluster randomized design in which the participating rehabilitation coordinators are randomized into delivering the intervention or providing care-as-usual. Employees on sick leave due to common mental disorders will be recruited by an independent research assistant. The intervention aims to improve the employee's return-to-work process by identifying problems perceived as hindering return-to-work and finding solutions. The rehabilitation coordinator facilitates a participatory approach, in which the employee and the employer together identify obstacles and solutions in relation to the work situation. The primary outcome is total number of sick leave days during the 18-month follow-up after inclusion. A long-term follow-up at 36 months is planned. Secondary outcomes are short-term sick leave (min. 2 weeks and max. 12 weeks), psychological symptoms, work ability, presenteeism and health related quality of life assessed at baseline, 6 and 12-month follow-up. Intervention fidelity, reach, dose delivered and dose received will be examined in a process evaluation. An economic evaluation will put health-related quality of life and sick leave in relation to costs from the perspectives of society and health care services. A parallel ethical evaluation will focus on the interventions consequences for patient autonomy, privacy, equality, fairness and professional ethos and integrity. DISCUSSION The study is a pragmatic trial which will include analyses of the intervention's effectiveness, and a process evaluation in primary health care settings. Methodological strengths and challenges are discussed, such as the risk of selection bias, contamination and detection bias. If the intervention shows promising results for return-to-work, the prospects are good for implementing the intervention in routine primary health care. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials.gov Identifier: NCT03346395 Registered January, 12 2018.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Elisabeth Björk Brämberg
- Unit of Intervention and Implementation Research for Worker Health, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
- Department of Public Health and Community Medicine, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Box 414, 405 30 Göteborg, Sweden
- Närhälsan, Region of Västra Götaland, Lillhagsparken 6, 442 50 Hisings-Backa, Sweden
| | - Kristina Holmgren
- Närhälsan, Region of Västra Götaland, Lillhagsparken 6, 442 50 Hisings-Backa, Sweden
- Department of Health and Rehabilitation, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Box 455, 405 30 Göteborg, Sweden
| | - Ute Bültmann
- Department of Health Sciences, University Medical Center Groningen, Community and Occupational Medicine, Groningen, the Netherlands
| | - Hanna Gyllensten
- Division of Insurance Medicine, Department of Clinical Neuroscience, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
- Institute of Health and Care Sciences, Sahlgrenska Academy, University of Gothenburg, Box 457, 405 30 Gothenburg, Sweden
| | - Jan Hagberg
- Unit of Intervention and Implementation Research for Worker Health, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lars Sandman
- National Centre for Priorities in Health, Department of Medical and Health Sciences, Linköping University, 583 81 Linköping, Sweden
| | - Gunnar Bergström
- Unit of Intervention and Implementation Research for Worker Health, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, 171 77 Stockholm, Sweden
- Centre for Musculoskeletal Research, Department of Occupational and Public Health Sciences, University of Gävle, 801 76 Gävle, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
23
|
Evidence for the effectiveness of police-based pre-booking diversion programs in decriminalizing mental illness: A systematic literature review. PLoS One 2018; 13:e0199368. [PMID: 29920560 PMCID: PMC6007921 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0199368] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/18/2016] [Accepted: 06/06/2018] [Indexed: 11/19/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose People with mental illnesses are at a significantly greater risk of police arrest than the general population. This pattern of arrests has been associated with a phenomenon referred to as the criminalization of mental illness such that people with mental illnesses are inappropriately diverted to the criminal justice system rather than to treatment. To decrease arrests of people with mental illnesses experiencing a crisis, pre-booking diversion programs have been developed to intervene at the point of police contact. This systematic literature review examines the state of knowledge regarding the effectiveness of police-based pre-booking diversion programs by addressing the question, “What is the evidence for the effectiveness of police-based pre-booking diversion programs in reducing arrests (i.e., reducing criminalization) of people with mental illnesses?” Methods Systematic literature searches of seven databases were performed during May 2017. The searches sought to identify studies that examined the effectiveness of pre-booking diversion programs in decreasing arrests. A multi-phase screening process was completed independently by two pairs of reviewers as well as a risk of bias review. Results A total of 2,750 unique citations were identified. Of these, 4 met the inclusion/exclusion criteria; all were from the US. Three of the studies examined the effectiveness of Crisis Intervention Teams and one study looked at a mobile crisis program. Two of the studies were at moderate risk of bias and two at high risk. Conclusions This review indicates that this line of inquiry is still developing. There are a number of gaps yet to be filled. The current evidence for the effectiveness of police-based pre-booking diversion programs in reducing arrests (i.e., reducing criminalization) of people with mental illnesses is limited. However, these studies indicate there is moderate evidence that these programs increase linkages to mental health services.
Collapse
|
24
|
Nielsen K, Yarker J, Munir F, Bültmann U. IGLOO: An integrated framework for sustainable return to work in workers with common mental disorders. WORK AND STRESS 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/02678373.2018.1438536] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Karina Nielsen
- Institute of Work Psychology, Sheffield University Management School, University of Sheffield, Sheffield, UK
| | - Joanna Yarker
- Department of Management, Kingston Business School, Kingston University, Kingston-Upon-Thames, UK
| | - Fehmidah Munir
- School of Sport, Exercise and Health Sciences, Loughborough University, Loughborough, UK
| | - Ute Bültmann
- University of Groningen, University Medical Center Groningen, Department of Health Sciences, Community and Occupational Medicine, Groningen, Netherlands
| |
Collapse
|
25
|
Arapovic-Johansson B, Wåhlin C, Hagberg J, Kwak L, Björklund C, Jensen I. Participatory work place intervention for stress prevention in primary health care. A randomized controlled trial. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF WORK AND ORGANIZATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY 2018. [DOI: 10.1080/1359432x.2018.1431883] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Bozana Arapovic-Johansson
- Unit of Intervention and Implementation Research for Worker Health, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Charlotte Wåhlin
- Unit of Intervention and Implementation Research for Worker Health, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
- Occupational and Environmental Medicine Center, and Department of Clinical and Experimental Medicine, Linköping University, Linköping, Sweden
| | - Jan Hagberg
- Unit of Intervention and Implementation Research for Worker Health, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Lydia Kwak
- Unit of Intervention and Implementation Research for Worker Health, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Christina Björklund
- Unit of Intervention and Implementation Research for Worker Health, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - Irene Jensen
- Unit of Intervention and Implementation Research for Worker Health, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institute, Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
26
|
Muschalla B. Work-anxiety-coping intervention improves work-coping perception while a recreational intervention leads to deterioration: Results from a randomized controlled trial. EUROPEAN JOURNAL OF WORK AND ORGANIZATIONAL PSYCHOLOGY 2017. [DOI: 10.1080/1359432x.2017.1384378] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Beate Muschalla
- Work and Organizational Psychology, University of Potsdam, Potsdam, Germany
- Rehabilitation Center Brandenburgklinik, Bernau bei Berlin, Germany
| |
Collapse
|
27
|
Bergström G, Lohela-Karlsson M, Kwak L, Bodin L, Jensen I, Torgén M, Nybergh L. Preventing sickness absenteeism among employees with common mental disorders or stress-related symptoms at work: Design of a cluster randomized controlled trial of a problem-solving based intervention versus care-as-usual conducted at the Occupational Health Services. BMC Public Health 2017; 17:436. [PMID: 28494753 PMCID: PMC5427578 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-017-4329-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2017] [Accepted: 04/26/2017] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Common mental disorders (CMDs) are among the leading causes of sick leave in Sweden and other OECD countries. They result in suffering for the individual and considerable financial costs for the employer and for society at large. The occupational health service (OHS) can offer interventions in which both the individual and the work situation are taken into account. The aim of this paper is to describe the design of a study evaluating the effectiveness of an intervention given at the OHS to employees with CMDs or stress-related symptoms at work. In addition, intervention fidelity and its relation to the outcome will be assessed in a process analysis. METHODS The study is designed as a cluster randomized trial in which the participating OHS consultants are randomized into either delivering the intervention or performing care as usual. Employees with CMDs or stress-related symptoms at work are recruited consecutively by the OHS consultants. The intervention aims to improve the match between the employee and the job situation. Interviews are held individually with the employee and the nearest supervisor, after which a joint meeting with both the employee and the supervisor takes place. A participatory approach is applied by which the supervisor and the employee are guided by the OHS consultant and encouraged to actively take part in problem solving concerning the work situation. Outcomes will be assessed at baseline and at six and 12 months. A long-term follow-up at 3 years will also be performed. The primary outcome is registered sickness absence during a 1-year period after study inclusion. Secondary outcomes are mental health and work ability. The intervention's cost effectiveness, compared to treatment as usual, both for society and for the employer will be evaluated. A process evaluation by both the OHS consultants and the employee will be carried out. DISCUSSION The study includes analyses of the effectiveness of the intervention (clinical and economic) as well as an analysis of its implementation at the participating OHSs. Possible methodological challenges such as selection bias and risk of contamination between OHS consultants delivering the experimental condition and consultants giving usual care are discussed. TRIAL REGISTRATION ClinicalTrials NCT02563743 Sep 28 2015.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- G Bergström
- Division of Intervention and Implementation Research in Worker Health, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden. .,Centre for Occupational and Environmental Medicine, Stockholm County Council, SE-113 65, Stockholm, Sweden.
| | - M Lohela-Karlsson
- Division of Intervention and Implementation Research in Worker Health, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - L Kwak
- Division of Intervention and Implementation Research in Worker Health, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - L Bodin
- Division of Intervention and Implementation Research in Worker Health, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - I Jensen
- Division of Intervention and Implementation Research in Worker Health, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| | - M Torgén
- Department of Medical Science, Uppsala University, SE-751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - L Nybergh
- Division of Intervention and Implementation Research in Worker Health, Institute of Environmental Medicine, Karolinska Institutet, SE-171 77, Stockholm, Sweden
| |
Collapse
|
28
|
Nigatu YT, Liu Y, Uppal M, McKinney S, Rao S, Gillis K, Wang J. Interventions for enhancing return to work in individuals with a common mental illness: systematic review and meta-analysis of randomized controlled trials. Psychol Med 2016; 46:3263-3274. [PMID: 27609709 DOI: 10.1017/s0033291716002269] [Citation(s) in RCA: 75] [Impact Index Per Article: 9.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Common mental disorders (CMDs) are highly prevalent in the working population, and are associated with long-term sickness absence and disability. Workers on sick leave with CMDs would benefit from interventions that enable them to successfully return to work (RTW). However, the effectiveness of RTW interventions for workers with a CMD is not well studied. The objective of this review is to assess the effectiveness of existing workplace and clinical interventions that were aimed at enhancing RTW. A systematic review of studies of interventions for improving RTW in workers with a CMD was conducted. The main outcomes were proportion of RTW and sick-leave duration until RTW. Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) were identified from Medline/PubMed, PsycINFO, EMBASE, SocINDEX, and Human resource and management databases from January 1995 to 2016. Two authors independently selected studies, assessed risk of bias and extracted data. We pooled studies that we deemed sufficiently homogeneous in different comparison groups and assessed the overall quality of the evidence. We reviewed 2347 abstracts from which 136 full-text articles were reviewed and 16 RCTs were included in the analysis. Combined results from these studies suggested that the available interventions did not lead to improved RTW rates over the control group [pooled risk ratio 1.05, 95% confidence interval (CI) 0.97-1.12], but reduced the number of sick-leave days in the intervention group compared to the control group, with a mean difference of -13.38 days (95% CI -24.07 to -2.69).
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Y T Nigatu
- Department of Psychiatry,Cumming School of Medicine,University of Calgary,Alberta,Canada
| | - Y Liu
- Department of Psychiatry,Cumming School of Medicine,University of Calgary,Alberta,Canada
| | - M Uppal
- Department of Psychiatry,Cumming School of Medicine,University of Calgary,Alberta,Canada
| | - S McKinney
- Department of Psychiatry,Cumming School of Medicine,University of Calgary,Alberta,Canada
| | - S Rao
- Department of Psychiatry,Faculty of Medicine,University of Ottawa,Ontario,Canada
| | - K Gillis
- Department of Psychiatry,Faculty of Medicine,University of Ottawa,Ontario,Canada
| | - J Wang
- Department of Psychiatry,Cumming School of Medicine,University of Calgary,Alberta,Canada
| |
Collapse
|
29
|
Kawada T. Factors affecting recurrence after return to workplace in workers with mental problems. Occup Med (Lond) 2016; 66:586. [DOI: 10.1093/occmed/kqw096] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/12/2022] Open
|
30
|
Loong D, Bonato S, Dewa CS. The effectiveness of mental health courts in reducing recidivism and police contact: a systematic review protocol. Syst Rev 2016; 5:123. [PMID: 27460569 PMCID: PMC4962435 DOI: 10.1186/s13643-016-0291-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/15/2016] [Accepted: 06/17/2016] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mental health courts were created to help criminal defendants who have a mental illness that significantly contributes to their criminal offense. Despite the increasing number of mental health courts around the world, data about their effectiveness have only begun to emerge in the past decade. The purpose of this systematic literature review is to assess the current evidence on the effectiveness of mental health courts. Specifically, this review will address the question, "How effective are mental health courts in reducing recidivism and police contact?" METHODS/DESIGN Eight electronic databases will be searched, specifically PsycINFO, Medline, Medline In-Process, Embase, Web of Science, CINAHL, Social Work Abstracts, and Criminal Justice Abstracts. A multi-phase screening process will be used to identify relevant search hits. Articles that pass the three-stage screening process will then be assessed for risk of bias and have their reference lists hand searched. Full-text articles that are rated to have low to moderate risk of bias will be summarized into two tables, one containing a brief description of the study and the other reporting the results of relevant outcomes measured. DISCUSSION By synthesizing the results of the studies, this systematic review will help illuminate gaps in the literature, direct future research, and inform policy makers. SYSTEMATIC REVIEW REGISTRATION PROSPERO CRD42016036084.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Desmond Loong
- Centre for Research on Employment and Workplace Health, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 33 Russell Street, Toronto, M5S 2S1, Canada
| | - Sarah Bonato
- Library Services, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 33 Russell Street, Toronto, M5S 2S1, Canada
| | - Carolyn S Dewa
- Centre for Research on Employment and Workplace Health, Centre for Addiction and Mental Health, 33 Russell Street, Toronto, M5S 2S1, Canada. .,Department of Psychiatry and Behavioral Sciences, University of California, Davis, 2103 Stockton Blvd, Sacramento, CA, 95817, USA.
| |
Collapse
|