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Jiffry AJ, Cho CS, Schmidt AR, Pham PK, Nager AL. A Mixed Methods Needs Assessment for a Debriefing Intervention Following Critical Cases. Acad Pediatr 2023; 23:85-92. [PMID: 35605897 DOI: 10.1016/j.acap.2022.05.015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/28/2021] [Revised: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 05/14/2022] [Indexed: 01/19/2023]
Abstract
OBJECTIVE The emergency department (ED) is a demanding environment, and critical events have been identified as contributors to stress. Debriefing is a possible intervention for staff, but there is little information regarding formulation and implementation. A needs assessment was conducted to describe the emotions of pediatric ED (PED) staff following critical events and assess opinions regarding debriefing. METHOD This mixed methods study used convergent design for triangulation. After critical cases, PED staff members were given the Peritraumatic Distress Inventory (PDI). Additionally, a questionnaire with 2 open-ended questions on debriefing was administered. Themes were extracted from the questionnaire using directed content analysis. RESULTS A total of 719 responses were collected for 142 critical cases. Physical reactions were often endorsed in the PDI, and these reactions were mirrored in the qualitative data, which included physiological responses such as stress, adrenaline high, anxiety, fatigue, and overwhelm. Helplessness and grief were 2 of the emotional PDI items frequently endorsed, which were reflected in the qualitative strand by themes such as helplessness, sadness, disheartenment, and regret. There was considerable variability between critical cases such that not every critical case elicited a desire for a debrief. CONCLUSIONS PED staff report measurable levels of stress after critical patient cases that warrant follow-up. Formal debriefing immediately after critical patient cases with specific caveats may be valuable for the reduction of stress. Any formal debriefing program will need to balance various goals with attention to the session length, setting, and timing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arshad J Jiffry
- Division of Emergency and Transport Medicine (AJ Jiffry, CS Cho, AR Schmidt, PK Pham, and AL Nager), Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, Calif; Department of Pediatrics (AJ Jiffry, CS Cho, and AL Nager), Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Calif.
| | - Christine S Cho
- Division of Emergency and Transport Medicine (AJ Jiffry, CS Cho, AR Schmidt, PK Pham, and AL Nager), Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, Calif; Department of Pediatrics (AJ Jiffry, CS Cho, and AL Nager), Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Calif
| | - Anita R Schmidt
- Division of Emergency and Transport Medicine (AJ Jiffry, CS Cho, AR Schmidt, PK Pham, and AL Nager), Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, Calif
| | - Phung K Pham
- Division of Emergency and Transport Medicine (AJ Jiffry, CS Cho, AR Schmidt, PK Pham, and AL Nager), Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, Calif
| | - Alan L Nager
- Division of Emergency and Transport Medicine (AJ Jiffry, CS Cho, AR Schmidt, PK Pham, and AL Nager), Children's Hospital Los Angeles, Los Angeles, Calif; Department of Pediatrics (AJ Jiffry, CS Cho, and AL Nager), Keck School of Medicine, University of Southern California, Los Angeles, Calif
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Lang D, Long C, Lin S, Xie Y, Chen F, Zhao R, Liu C, Tang S. Satisfaction as a Mediator and Its Interaction With Adherence to Labor Analgesia Protocols: A Cross-Sectional Survey of Chinese Medical Personnel. Front Public Health 2022; 10:899515. [PMID: 35836986 PMCID: PMC9275786 DOI: 10.3389/fpubh.2022.899515] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/25/2022] [Accepted: 06/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Although the Chinese promotion of labor analgesia began in 2018 to improve maternal health, high-quality medical care is difficult to provide to pregnant women when medical staff cannot implement standard labor analgesia procedures. This study aims to examine medical personnel's adherence to labor analgesia protocols and to explore the relationships among adherence, satisfaction, and other factors. Methods The data were from a national cross-sectional dataset (N = 13,944) of the 2020 Chinese Labor Analgesia Pilot Evaluation Project. Mediating and moderating effects analyses were used to examine the role of satisfaction as a mediator between support measures and adherence. Results There were differences in adherence between different types of medical personnel. Support measures and satisfaction had a positive association with adherence to labor analgesia protocols. Satisfaction had a significant mediating and moderating effect on the relationship between support measures and adherence to labor analgesia standards. Moderating effects of professional titles and attitudes were also observed. Conclusion Primary health care policies worth considering include comprehensive incentives for medical institutions to improve the use of labor analgesia by medical personnel. It is also worth considering providing more training opportunities for the staff in anesthesiology departments.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dong Lang
- School of Medicine and Health Management, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Research Center for Rural Health Service, Key Research Institute of Humanities & Social Sciences of Hubei Provincial Department of Education, Wuhan, China
| | - Chengxu Long
- Department of Global Health & Social Medicine, King's College London, London, United Kingdom
| | - Shuna Lin
- School of Medicine and Health Management, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Research Center for Rural Health Service, Key Research Institute of Humanities & Social Sciences of Hubei Provincial Department of Education, Wuhan, China
| | - Yinghua Xie
- School of Medicine and Health Management, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Research Center for Rural Health Service, Key Research Institute of Humanities & Social Sciences of Hubei Provincial Department of Education, Wuhan, China
| | - Fangfei Chen
- School of Medicine and Health Management, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Research Center for Rural Health Service, Key Research Institute of Humanities & Social Sciences of Hubei Provincial Department of Education, Wuhan, China
| | - Rui Zhao
- China National Health Development Research Center, Beijing, China
| | - Chunping Liu
- China National Health Development Research Center, Beijing, China
| | - Shangfeng Tang
- School of Medicine and Health Management, Tongji Medical College, Huazhong University of Science and Technology, Wuhan, China
- Research Center for Rural Health Service, Key Research Institute of Humanities & Social Sciences of Hubei Provincial Department of Education, Wuhan, China
- *Correspondence: Shangfeng Tang
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Patient safety and the role of the Helsinki Declaration on Patient Safety in Anaesthesiology: A European survey. Eur J Anaesthesiol 2020; 36:946-954. [PMID: 31268913 DOI: 10.1097/eja.0000000000001043] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND The Helsinki Declaration on Patient Safety was launched in 2010 by the European Society of Anaesthesiology and the European Board of Anaesthesiology. It is not clear how widely its vision and standards have been adopted. OBJECTIVE To explore the role of the Helsinki Declaration in promoting and maintaining patient safety in European anaesthesiology. DESIGN Online survey. SETTING A total of 38 countries within Europe. PARTICIPANTS Members of the European Society of Anaesthesiology who responded to an invitation to take part by electronic mail. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Responses from a 16-item online survey to explore each member anaesthesiologist's understanding of the Declaration and compliance with its standards. RESULTS We received 1589 responses (33.4% response rate), with members from all countries responding. The median [IQR] response rate of members was 20.5% [11.7 to 37.0] per country. There were many commonalities across Europe. There were very high levels of use of monitoring (pulse oximetry: 99.6%, blood pressure: 99.4%; ECG: 98.1% and capnography: 96.0%). Protocols and guidelines were also widely used, with those for pre-operative assessment, and difficult and failed intubation being particularly popular (mentioned by 93.4% and 88.9% of respondents, respectively). There was evidence of widespread use of the WHO Safe Surgery checklist, with only 93 respondents (6.0%) suggesting that they never used it. Annual reports of measures taken to improve patient safety, and of morbidity and mortality, were produced in the hospitals of 588 (37.3%) and 876 (55.7%) respondents, respectively. Around three-quarters of respondents, 1216, (78.7%) stated that their hospital used a critical incident reporting system. Respondents suggested that measures to promote implementation of the Declaration, such as a formal set of checklist items for day-to-day practice, publicity, translation and simulation training, would currently be more important than possible changes to its content. CONCLUSION Many patient safety practices encouraged by the Declaration are well embedded in many European countries. The data have highlighted areas where there is still room for improvement.
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Hilt AD, Kaptein AA, Schalij MJ, van Schaik J. Teamwork and Safety Attitudes in Complex Aortic Surgery at a Dutch Hospital: Cross-Sectional Survey Study. JMIR Hum Factors 2020; 7:e17131. [PMID: 32267238 PMCID: PMC7177441 DOI: 10.2196/17131] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/20/2019] [Revised: 02/03/2020] [Accepted: 02/14/2020] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Improving teamwork in surgery is a complex goal and difficult to achieve. Human factors questionnaires, such as the Safety Attitudes Questionnaire (SAQ), can help us understand medical teamwork and may assist in achieving this goal. OBJECTIVE This paper aimed to assess local team and safety culture in a cardiovascular surgery setting to understand how purposeful teamwork improvements can be reached. METHODS Two cardiovascular surgical teams performing complex aortic treatments were assessed: an endovascular-treatment team (ETT) and an open-treatment team (OTT). Both teams answered an online version of the SAQ Dutch Edition (SAQ-NL) consisting of 30 questions related to six different domains of safety: teamwork climate, safety climate, job satisfaction, stress recognition, perceptions of management, and working conditions. In addition, one open-ended question was posed to gain more insight into the completed questionnaires. RESULTS The SAQ-NL was completed by all 23 ETT members and all 13 OTT members. Team composition was comparable for both teams: 57% and 62% males, respectively, and 48% and 54% physicians, respectively. All participants worked for 10 years or more in health care. SAQ-NL mean scores were comparable between both teams, with important differences found between the physicians and nonphysicians of the ETT. Nonphysicians were less positive about the safety climate, job satisfaction, and working climate domains than were the physicians (P<.05). Additional education on performed procedures, more conjoined team training, as well as a hybrid operating room were suggested by participants as important areas of improvement. CONCLUSIONS Nonphysicians of a local team performing complex endovascular aortic aneurysm surgery perceived safety climate, job satisfaction, and working conditions less positively than did physicians from the same team. Open-ended questions suggested that this is related to a lack of adequate conjoined training, lack of adequate education, and lack of an adequate operating room. With added open-ended questions, the SAQ-NL appears to be an assessment tool that allows for developing strategies that are instrumental in improving quality of care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander D Hilt
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Ad A Kaptein
- Department of Medical Psychology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Martin J Schalij
- Department of Cardiology, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
| | - Jan van Schaik
- Department of Vascular Surgery, Leiden University Medical Center, Leiden, Netherlands
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Al Faqeeh F, Khalid K, Osman A. Integrating Safety Attitudes and Safety Stressors into Safety Climate and Safety Behavior Relations: The Case of Healthcare Professionals in Abu Dhabi. Oman Med J 2019; 34:504-513. [PMID: 31745414 PMCID: PMC6851062 DOI: 10.5001/omj.2019.93] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/03/2022] Open
Abstract
Objectives How safety climates, safety attitudes, and safety behaviors are related remains unexplored in the literature, with no study so far investigating the moderating path of safety stressors between these variables. We sought to understand the path through which safety climates may affect safety-behavior-related outcomes, such as safety compliance and participation, through the integration of safety attitudes. Since this study is related to the safety-related perception-intention-behavior relationship, safety stressors are proposed as a moderator of this relationship. Methods A total of 770 healthcare professionals working in public hospitals across Abu Dhabi were randomly selected for this study. We used questionnaires covering demographic details, safety behaviors, safety climates, safety attitudes, and safety stressors to obtain the data. Results The results revealed the partial mediating role of safety attitudes in the relationship between safety climate and safety behavior. Additionally, safety stressors did not moderate the relationship between safety climates, safety attitudes, and safety behaviors, which has some interesting implications for healthcare professionals. Conclusions The study suggests that safety attitudes may also regulate the impact of perceptions of management values regarding safety, policies, and procedures. It is highly likely that healthcare professionals who experience a positive workplace safety climate will form positive safety attitudes that encourage safety behavior. In addition, the homogeneous characteristics of healthcare professionals' in the UAE may also offer the positive coping strategy that caused the insignificant moderating effect of safety stressors on the relationship between safety climates, safety attitudes, and safety behaviors.
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Mohammadi M, Larijani B, Tabatabaei SM, Nedjat S, Yunesian M, Nayeri FS. A study of the validity and reliability of the questionnaire entitled "physicians' approach to and disclosure of medical errors and the related ethical issues". J Med Ethics Hist Med 2019; 12:2. [PMID: 31346395 PMCID: PMC6642466] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/02/2018] [Accepted: 02/25/2019] [Indexed: 10/30/2022] Open
Abstract
Medical errors are among the major challenges that threaten patients' health worldwide. The aim of this study was to design a valid and reliable questionnaire to investigate the status of medical error disclosure by physicians. A preliminary questionnaire was developed based on the extracted results from 37 interviews with specialists. To test the validity of the questionnaire, 20 medical practitioners and medical ethics authorities were asked to evaluate the relevance and clarity of each item. To measure the instrument's reliability (the intra-class correlation coefficient and Cronbach's alpha), a test-retest study was conducted on 20 randomly selected physicians twice with a 2-week interval. Statistical analyses were performed using SPSS software version 20. The overall relevance and clarity of the instrument, with an average approach, were measured at 97.22 and 94.03 percent respectively. The Cronbach's alpha, which presents the internal consistency was satisfactory (0.70 - 0.79) for various domains of the questionnaire. The range of intra-class correlation coefficients for the items in all domains of the questionnaire was 0.76 to 1.00. Regarding the validity and reliability of the questionnaire, it can be an appropriate instrument in the assessment and monitoring of the status of medical error disclosure by physicians.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mohammad Mohammadi
- PhD Candidate in Medical Ethics, Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Medical Ethics, School of Medicine, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran,Iran; Faculty of Medicine, Department of Medical Ethics, Mashhad University of Medical Sciences, Mashhad, Iran.
| | - Bagher Larijani
- Professor, Endocrinology and Metabolism Research Center, Endocrinology and Metabolism Clinical Sciences Institute, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.,Corresponding Author: Bagher Larijani. No. 10, Jalal Al-Ahmad St., next to Shariati Hospital, Chamran Hwy, Tehran, Iran.
Tel: (+98) 21 88 63 12 97.
| | - Seyed Mahmoud Tabatabaei
- Professor, Medical Ethics and History of Medicine Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Saharnaz Nedjat
- Professor, Knowledge Utilization Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Epidemiology and Biostatistics, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Masud Yunesian
- Professor, Department of Research Methodology and Data Analysis, Institute for Environmental Research, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran; Department of Environmental Heath, School of Public Health, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
| | - Fatemeh Sadat Nayeri
- Professor, Maternal-Fetal and Neonatal Research Center, Tehran University of Medical Sciences, Tehran, Iran.
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