1
|
Stripp TK, Büssing A, Wehberg S, Andersen HS, Kørup AK, Pedersen HF, Søndergaard J, Hvidt NC. Measuring Spiritual Needs in a Secular Society: Validation and Clinimetric Properties of the Danish 20-Item Spiritual Needs Questionnaire. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2022; 61:3542-3565. [PMID: 35230599 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-022-01533-5] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 02/14/2022] [Indexed: 06/14/2023]
Abstract
In secular cultures, such as Denmark, tools to measure spiritual needs are warranted to guide existential and spiritual care. We examined the clinimetric properties of the Danish version of the Spiritual Needs Questionnaire (DA-SpNQ-20) based on a digital survey in a test-retest setup. A convenience sample was reached via social media and student platforms. A total of 325 (148 for retest) respondents were included in the analysis. The sample was randomly split into two groups (A and B) and used for exploratory (EFA) and confirmatory factor analysis (CFA) by structural equation modeling, respectively. SpNQ dimensions had an internal consistency with Cronbach's alpha between 0.73 and 0.93. The four factors of the SpNQ were supported by both EFA and CFA as follows: religious needs, existential needs, inner peace needs, and generativity needs. The instrument showed good internal consistency, good test-retest reliability, and acceptable structural validity in the sample of relatively young and healthy persons.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Tobias Kvist Stripp
- Research Unit of General Practice, Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, J. B. Winsløvsvej 9, 5000, Odense C, Denmark.
| | - Arndt Büssing
- Institute of Integrative Medicine, Faculty of Medicine, Witten/Herdecke University, 58313, Herdecke, Germany
- Academy of Geriatric Cancer Research (AgeCare), Odense University Hospital, 5000, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Sonja Wehberg
- Research Unit of General Practice, Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, J. B. Winsløvsvej 9, 5000, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Helene Støttrup Andersen
- Research Unit of General Practice, Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, J. B. Winsløvsvej 9, 5000, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Alex Kappel Kørup
- Research Unit of General Practice, Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, J. B. Winsløvsvej 9, 5000, Odense C, Denmark
- Department of Mental Health Service, Vejle, Region of Southern Denmark, Denmark
| | - Heidi Frølund Pedersen
- Research Clinic for Functional Disorders and Psychosomatics, Aarhus University Hospital, 8000, Aarhus C, Denmark
| | - Jens Søndergaard
- Research Unit of General Practice, Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, J. B. Winsløvsvej 9, 5000, Odense C, Denmark
| | - Niels Christian Hvidt
- Research Unit of General Practice, Institute of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, J. B. Winsløvsvej 9, 5000, Odense C, Denmark
- Academy of Geriatric Cancer Research (AgeCare), Odense University Hospital, 5000, Odense C, Denmark
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
Herold SC, Hvidt NC, Möller S, Christensen K, Ahrenfeldt LJ. Is Religiousness Associated with Better Lifestyle and Health Among Danes? Findings from SHARE. JOURNAL OF RELIGION AND HEALTH 2022; 61:1621-1640. [PMID: 32488829 DOI: 10.1007/s10943-020-01050-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/11/2023]
Abstract
Evidence of a possible association between religion and health in secular societies is sparse. We therefore conducted a nationwide study using data from 1596 Danes aged 50 + who participated in the Survey of Health, Ageing and Retirement in Europe (SHARE) wave 1 (2004-2005) and were followed up between 2006 and 2015, to investigate the association between religiousness and health including a lifestyle index. Results from the longitudinal models adjusted for age and gender showed that being religiously educated by parents, taking part in a religious organization, and praying were factors associated with fewer risk factors of unhealthy lifestyle. Furthermore, being religiously educated was associated with lower odds of self-rated poor health and depressive symptoms. Results were overall consistent across the cross-sectional and longitudinal models and persisted after further adjustment for education and marital status. These findings provide support for a positive relationship between religiousness and health among Danes, particularly for those being religiously educated by their parents.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Steffen Christensen Herold
- Research Unit of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Biodemography, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, J. B. Winsløws Vej 9B, 5000, Odense, Denmark
| | - Niels Christian Hvidt
- Research Unit of General Practice, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, 5000, Odense, Denmark
- Academy of Geriatric Cancer Research (AgeCare), Odense University Hospital, 5000, Odense, Denmark
| | - Sören Möller
- OPEN - Odense Patient Data Explorative Network, Odense University Hospital, 5000, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Research, University of Southern Denmark, 5000, Odense, Denmark
| | - Kaare Christensen
- Research Unit of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Biodemography, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, J. B. Winsløws Vej 9B, 5000, Odense, Denmark
- Department of Clinical Biochemistry, Odense University Hospital, 5000, Odense, Denmark
- Pharmacology and Department of Clinical Genetics, Odense University Hospital, 5000, Odense, Denmark
| | - Linda Juel Ahrenfeldt
- Research Unit of Epidemiology, Biostatistics and Biodemography, Department of Public Health, University of Southern Denmark, J. B. Winsløws Vej 9B, 5000, Odense, Denmark.
| |
Collapse
|