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Subu MA, Dias JM, Mottershead R, Ahmed FR, Narulita S, Maryuni M, Zakiyah Z, Nurbaeti I, Mohamed Al Marzouqi A, Al-Yateem N. Exploring mental health stigma among Indonesian healthcare students towards individuals with mental illnesses: a qualitative study. Int J Qual Stud Health Well-being 2024; 19:2327103. [PMID: 38465669 DOI: 10.1080/17482631.2024.2327103] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/02/2023] [Accepted: 03/03/2024] [Indexed: 03/12/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The social disapproval or stigma surrounding mental illness contributes to the postponement of individuals seeking assistance and frequently undermines therapeutic alliances between mental illness sufferers and health care professionals. AIMS This study explored perceptions and attitudes towards individuals with mental illness among college healthcare students in Indonesia. METHODS This study used a qualitative method. Twenty five students enrolled in six healthcare programs were interviewed using a semi structured format. The data analysis adopted a thematic analysis. RESULTS Our thematic analysis generated four main themes: (1) general perceptions of mental health and mental illness; (2) knowledge about mental illness; (3) mental health stigma; and (4) mental health stigma campaigns. CONCLUSIONS The participants exhibited positive perceptions of mentally ill people. Students understood mental health, and they exhibited positive attitudes toward mentally ill people. Some students have stigma and lack of confidence to assist those who have mental illness. Further efforts are required to acquaint students with mental health issues and facilitate their interaction with mentally ill individuals. Anti-stigma campaigns are required to combat the pervasive stigmatization of individuals with mental illness. It is recommended to conduct a more extensive study about the stigma that students encounter in relation to mentally ill individuals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Muhammad Arsyad Subu
- Nursing department, College of Health Sciences University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Binawan, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Jacqueline Maria Dias
- Nursing department, College of Health Sciences University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Richard Mottershead
- Nursing department, College of Health Sciences University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Fatma Refaat Ahmed
- Nursing department, College of Health Sciences University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Sari Narulita
- Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Binawan, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Maryuni Maryuni
- Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Binawan, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Zakiyah Zakiyah
- Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Binawan, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Irma Nurbaeti
- Faculty of Health Sciences, UIN Syarif Hidayatullah, Jakarta, Indonesia
| | - Alounoud Mohamed Al Marzouqi
- Department of Health Service Administration, College of Health Sciences, University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
| | - Nabeel Al-Yateem
- Nursing department, College of Health Sciences University of Sharjah, Sharjah, United Arab Emirates
- Faculty of Nursing and Midwifery, University of Binawan, Jakarta, Indonesia
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Brener L, Caruana T, Cama E, Gilford C, Crawford S, Capell-Hattam T, von Hippel C. Stigma by association among alcohol and other drug and harm reduction workers: Implications for workplace outcomes. Drug Alcohol Rev 2024. [PMID: 38693827 DOI: 10.1111/dar.13861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/08/2023] [Revised: 04/19/2024] [Accepted: 04/19/2024] [Indexed: 05/03/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION The negative attitudes people hold towards those who use alcohol or other drugs (AOD) can also affect the people who work with this community, leading to lowered productivity and wellbeing. The impact of this stigma by association in the AOD and harm reduction sector is particularly significant because workers may have lived experience of AOD use and identify strongly with their client group. This study aimed to examine how stigma by association among health workers in the AOD/harm reduction sector relates to workplace outcomes. A secondary aim was to explore how lived experience influences experiences of stigma by association. METHODS The research used a cross-sectional survey design and data collection occurred in 2023. Australian AOD/harm reduction workers (n = 228) completed an online survey assessing stigma by association as well as various workplace outcomes measures. RESULTS Participants who reported experiencing more stigma by association experienced poorer workplace wellbeing, higher burnout and greater intentions to leave the AOD/harm reduction field. Experiences of stigma by association were unrelated to job satisfaction. Additional analyses revealed that participants with lived experience reported higher levels of job satisfaction and lowered intentions to leave the sector, but findings of stigma by association and its impacts on workplace outcomes did not differ from those without lived experience. DISCUSSION AND CONCLUSIONS Identifying staff experiences of stigma by association and developing support and advocacy mechanisms to address this is likely to be key to reducing these experiences and ultimately to increasing positive workplace outcomes for AOD and harm reduction staff.
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Affiliation(s)
- Loren Brener
- Centre for Social Research in Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Theresa Caruana
- Centre for Social Research in Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
| | - Elena Cama
- Centre for Social Research in Health, UNSW Sydney, Sydney, Australia
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Napoli G, Autuori S, Ephraim KS. Attitudes of Italian mental health nurses towards mental illness and recovery: a cross-sectional study. AIMS Public Health 2023; 10:333-347. [PMID: 37304595 PMCID: PMC10251057 DOI: 10.3934/publichealth.2023025] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/14/2023] [Revised: 03/22/2023] [Accepted: 04/23/2023] [Indexed: 06/13/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Mental health nurses' (MHNs) stigma and discrimination against people with mental illnesses are obstacles to recovery and the development of effective care and treatment. Although many authors have been interested in exploring stigma among general health professionals, paradoxically, less and non-generalizable evidence is available on this phenomenon among MHNs. Understanding the factors associated with stigma and its relationship to recovery attitudes among MHNs could allow for more accurate interventions and improve patient care outcomes. Objective This study conducted on a sample of Italian psychiatric nurses had the objective of analyzing the aptitude for recovery and the tendency towards stigma of these professionals towards mental illness. Methodology A cross-sectional web survey was conducted on a sample of Italian MHNs, who were administered two validated tools, the RAQ-7 (assessment of recovery aptitude) and the WHO-HC-15 (assessment of stigma) respectively. Results A total of 204 MHNs were interviewed. The analysis showed positive overall scores (high recovery aptitude and low stigma levels) among participating MHNs. The attitude to recovery appeared to be directly related to a lower tendency to stigma towards mental illness. It has been observed that MHNs with advanced levels of education appear to be more predisposed to recovery, as well as generally less stigmatizing. There is evidence that the setting in which care is provided, marital status and age can play a significant role in the tendency to stigmatization. Conclusion Our manuscript could assist nursing executives, leaders or educators in making decisions about managing and preventing stigma among MHNs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giovanni Napoli
- Dipartimento di Salute Mentale, Azienda Sanitaria Universitaria Friuli Centrale (ASUFC), Udine, Italy
| | - Simone Autuori
- UOC Psichiatria 2, Azienda Ospedale-Università Padova (AOUP), Padova, Italy
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Domingue JL, Jager F, Lusk J, Ezeani C, Pryer B, Davis S. "The Person Gets Lost in the Whole Process": Access to Physical Healthcare for Patients Hospitalized in a Psychiatric Hospital. Res Theory Nurs Pract 2023; 37:214-230. [PMID: 37263635 DOI: 10.1891/rtnp-2022-0089] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 06/03/2023]
Abstract
Background and Purpose: Persons living with mental illnesses have unmet physical healthcare needs, leading to premature death. When they attempt to access physical health services, they are faced with numerous barriers that lead to delays in care. Although mental health nurses are identified as being essential actors in helping persons with mental illnesses navigate the complexities of the healthcare system, they also engage in conduct that further stigmatizes them. To complicate matters more, mental health nurses themselves face stigmatization when they help their patients living with mental illnesses access physical healthcare services. The aim of the study was to explore mental health nurses' experiences of associative stigma when accessing physical health services for their patients. Methods: To achieve this aim, we used an interpretive phenomenology methodology and a theoretical framework rooted in Erving Goffman's notion of associative stigma. Specifically, we conducted six interviews with mental health nurses working at an urban multisite psychiatric hospital to elicit accounts of their experiences of associative stigma when seeking physical healthcare for their patients and the meanings they make of these. Results: The results presented in this article illustrate some of the mechanisms by which stigmatization toward persons living with mental illnesses and mental health nurses cause delays in physical healthcare accessibility. Implications for Practice: In our discussion, we highlight the implications of these results for the practice of nurses and propose two structural solutions to improve access to physical healthcare and reduce stigmatizing experiences.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fiona Jager
- School of Baccalaureate Nursing, St. Lawrence College, Brockville, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jodi Lusk
- Royal Ottawa Health Care Group, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | | | - Billie Pryer
- Royal Ottawa Health Care Group, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Sascha Davis
- Royal Ottawa Health Care Group, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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Amaechi IA, Nwani PO, Akadieze AO. Stigmatizing attitude towards mental illness, disabilities, emotional and behavioural disorders, among healthcare students in a Tropical University College of Health Sciences. JOURNAL OF EDUCATION AND HEALTH PROMOTION 2023; 12:82. [PMID: 37288408 PMCID: PMC10243419 DOI: 10.4103/jehp.jehp_730_22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/27/2022] [Accepted: 01/09/2023] [Indexed: 06/09/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Stigma toward mental illness (MI), physical disability (DA), and emotional/behavioral disorders (EBD) has been identified as a form of violence and a cause of nontake-up of help by people in need. Stigmatization can aggravate an individual's feeling of rejection and incompetence and can be detrimental to treatment-seeking and adherence behaviors. This study evaluated the attitude of healthcare students toward MI, DA, and EBDs. MATERIALS AND METHODS This study employed a cross-sectional survey method. A disproportionate stratified sampling technique was used to recruit participants. Sixty five consenting students who met the inclusion criteria were consecutively recruited from each clinical department of the college. The students were selected from the five clinical departments of the College (Nursing sciences, Medical Rehabilitation, Radiography, Medical laboratory science, and Medicine). The questionnaires on stigmatizing attitudes toward MI, EBD, and DA were self-administered. Descriptive statistics of frequency count, percentage, range, mean, and standard deviation were used to summarize participants' sociodemographic data and their questionnaire scores. Inferential statistics of Spearman rank order correlation was used to test for correlation; Mann-Whitney U test was used to test the influence of gender, religion, and family history; and Kruskal-Wallis test was used to test the influence of department of study and level of study. Alpha level was set at 0.05. RESULTS Three hundred twenty seven students comprising 164 (50.2%) males and 163 (49.8%) females participated. Mean age of participants was 22.89 ± 2.05 years. 45.3% of the participants reported positive family history of one or a combination of MI, DA, and EBDs. The study observed poor attitude toward MI and fair attitude toward DA and EBD. There were significant correlations between attitudes toward MI and disability (r = 0.36, P =.000033), MI and EBD (r = 0.23, P =.000023), disability and EBD (r = 0.46, P =.000001), and age and attitude toward disability (r = 0.15, P =.009). Females had significantly more positive attitude toward disability (P =.03) and EBDs (P =.03). Nursing students also demonstrated the most positive attitudes toward MI (P =.03) and EBD (P =.000416), while final year students demonstrated the most positive attitudes toward MI (P =.00145) and EBDs (P =.03). CONCLUSIONS There was a poor attitude toward MI and a fair attitude toward DA and EBD. Attitude toward MI, DA, and EBD correlated significantly with one another. Older students, females, and higher levels of training in the healthcare profession were associated with more positive attitudes toward MI, DA, and EBDs.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Paul Osemeke Nwani
- Department of Internal Medicine, Nnamdi Azikiwe University, Awka, Nigeria
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Teh WL, Abdin E, P V A, Siva Kumar FD, Roystonn K, Wang P, Shafie S, Chang S, Jeyagurunathan A, Vaingankar JA, Sum CF, Lee ES, van Dam RM, Subramaniam M. Measuring social desirability bias in a multi-ethnic cohort sample: its relationship with self-reported physical activity, dietary habits, and factor structure. BMC Public Health 2023; 23:415. [PMID: 36859251 PMCID: PMC9979418 DOI: 10.1186/s12889-023-15309-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/09/2022] [Accepted: 02/22/2023] [Indexed: 03/03/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Social desirability bias is one of the oldest forms of response bias studied in social sciences. While individuals may feel the need to fake good or bad answers in response to sensitive or intrusive questions, it remains unclear how rampant such a bias is in epidemiological research pertaining to self-reported lifestyle indicators in a multicultural Asian context. The main purpose of the current study is, therefore, to examine the sociodemographic correlates and impact of social desirability responding on self-reported physical activity and dietary habits at an epidemiological scale in a non-western multi-cultural Asian setting. METHODS Prior to the main analyses, confirmatory and exploratory factor analyses were conducted to determine the factorial validity of a western derived concept of social desirability. Multiple regression analyses were conducted on cross-sectional data (n = 2995) extracted from a nationwide survey conducted between 2019 and 2020. RESULTS A unique factor structure of social desirability was found and was therefore used for subsequent analyses. Multiple regression analyses revealed older age groups, the Indian ethnic group, those with past or present marriages, and having no income, had a significantly greater tendency to act on the bias. CONCLUSION The construct of social desirability bias was fundamentally different in a multicultural context than previously understood. Only a small proportion of variance of self-report lifestyle scores was explained by social desirability, thus providing support for data integrity.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wen Lin Teh
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, 10 Buangkok View, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Edimansyah Abdin
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, 10 Buangkok View, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Asharani P V
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, 10 Buangkok View, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Fiona Devi Siva Kumar
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, 10 Buangkok View, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Kumarasan Roystonn
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, 10 Buangkok View, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Peizhi Wang
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, 10 Buangkok View, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Saleha Shafie
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, 10 Buangkok View, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Sherilyn Chang
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, 10 Buangkok View, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Anitha Jeyagurunathan
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, 10 Buangkok View, Singapore, Singapore
| | | | - Chee Fang Sum
- Admiralty Medical Centre, Khoo Teck Puat Hospital, 676 Woodlands Drive 71, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Eng Sing Lee
- National Healthcare Group Polyclinics, 3 Fusionopolis Link. Nexus@One-North, Singapore, Singapore.,Lee Kong Chian School of Medicine, Nanyang Technological University, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Rob M van Dam
- Saw Swee Hock School of Public Health, National University of Singapore, 12 Science Drive 2, Singapore, Singapore.,Departments of Exercise and Nutrition Sciences and Epidemiology, Milken Institute School of Public Health, The George Washington University, 950 New Hampshire Ave NW, Washington, DC, United States
| | - Mythily Subramaniam
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, 10 Buangkok View, Singapore, Singapore
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Lee JE, Goh ML, Yeo SF. Mental health awareness of secondary schools students: Mediating roles of knowledge on mental health, knowledge on professional help, and attitude towards mental health. Heliyon 2023; 9:e14512. [PMID: 36950622 PMCID: PMC10025912 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e14512] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/26/2022] [Revised: 02/27/2023] [Accepted: 03/08/2023] [Indexed: 03/14/2023] Open
Abstract
Purpose The mental health situation among adolescents in Malaysia has reached a worrying state with the rising number of cases. Despite a significant increase in the literature on mental health, there is a lack of studies that focused on mental health awareness. Therefore, this study aimed to investigate the factors affecting Malaysian youth's mental health awareness as well as the mediating roles of knowledge on mental health, knowledge on professional help, and attitude towards mental health. Methods Self-administered questionnaires were distributed to 450 secondary school students aged 15-19 years old in Kuala Lumpur and Melaka who were recruited via purposive sampling. Data analysis was performed using SPSS and SmartPLS to obtain the descriptive analysis, measurement model, and structural model. Results The results indicated that mental health awareness was influenced by knowledge on mental health and attitude towards mental health. The findings also revealed that familiarity and media exposure were important determinants of knowledge on mental health, knowledge on professional help, and attitude towards mental health. Moreover, the results indicated that knowledge on mental health positively mediated the relationship between media exposure and mental health awareness. Besides, attitude towards mental health also found to play mediating roles between familiarity and mental health awareness, as well as between media exposure and mental health awareness. Conclusion This study contributed important knowledge to the limited literature in this contemporary domain. An effective public mental health campaign is needed to reduce the burden of disease and the cost of mental illness.
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Affiliation(s)
- Jia En Lee
- Faculty of Business, Multimedia University, Melaka, Malaysiax
| | - Mei Ling Goh
- Faculty of Business, Multimedia University, Melaka, Malaysiax
- Corresponding author.
| | - Sook Fern Yeo
- Faculty of Business, Multimedia University, Melaka, Malaysiax
- Department of Business Administration, Daffodil International University,Dhaka, Bangladesh
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Domingue JL, Jager F, Lusk J, Pryer B, Ezeani C, Davis A. "You're Just a Mental Health Nurse": Nurses' Experiences of Associative Stigma When Accessing Physical Health Care for Their Patients. Issues Ment Health Nurs 2023; 44:121-129. [PMID: 36794344 DOI: 10.1080/01612840.2023.2174219] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 02/17/2023]
Abstract
In this article, we present the results of an interpretive phenomenology looking at mental health nurses' experiences of associative stigma when accessing physical health care for their patients. Our results illustrate the multifaceted dynamics of stigma in the context of mental health nursing and the direct impacts stigmatizing behaviors have on mental health nurses and patients alike, including an impeded access to health care services, loss of social status and personhood, and the internalization of stigma. They also highlight how nurses resist to stigma and how they help their patients cope with stigmatization.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fiona Jager
- St. Lawrence College, Kingston, Ontario, Canada
| | - Jodi Lusk
- Royal Ottawa Health Care Group, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
| | - Billie Pryer
- Royal Ottawa Health Care Group, Ottawa, Ontario, Canada
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Domingue JL, Jager F, Lusk J, Davis A, Ezeani C, Perkins M, Pryer B. An Integrative Review of Mental Health Nurses' and Other Professionals' Experience of Associative Stigma. Issues Ment Health Nurs 2022; 43:843-851. [PMID: 35380908 DOI: 10.1080/01612840.2022.2055243] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/18/2022]
Abstract
Mental health nurses report experiencing stigmatization both from within and outside the profession, and associative stigma provides one way to explore that experience. To better understand the current state of the literature on mental health care professionals' experiences of associative stigma, and particularly on nurses' experience of this phenomenon, an integrative review of the literature on the subject was conducted. The results detail factors associated with associative stigma, the effects of associative stigma on nurses and caregivers of persons with mental illnesses, and the quantification of associative stigma. This article concludes by discussing implications for nursing practice, education, and research.
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Affiliation(s)
| | - Fiona Jager
- Royal Ottawa Health Care Group, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | - Jodi Lusk
- Royal Ottawa Health Care Group, Ottawa, ON, Canada
| | | | | | | | - Billie Pryer
- Royal Ottawa Health Care Group, Ottawa, ON, Canada
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Gunasekaran S, Tan GTH, Shahwan S, Goh CMJ, Ong WJ, Subramaniam M. The perspectives of healthcare professionals in mental health settings on stigma and recovery - A qualitative inquiry. BMC Health Serv Res 2022; 22:888. [PMID: 35804378 PMCID: PMC9270770 DOI: 10.1186/s12913-022-08248-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2022] [Accepted: 06/22/2022] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Mental health stigma is one of the most prominent barriers to recovery, and it is widely known that stigma may manifest differentially in different cultures. Healthcare professionals working closely with persons with mental illnesses (PMI) may provide important insights towards stigma that are otherwise unattainable from caregivers and consumers. However, there is a dearth of literature on healthcare professionals' perspectives on this topic. Thus, this study uses a multilevel approach to explore how stigma affects recovery from the perspectives of healthcare professionals that work closely with PMI in Singapore. METHODS Semi-structured interviews were conducted with a total of 17 healthcare professionals who were working in mental health settings in Singapore. Participants were recruited via direct email invitation or through snowball sampling. Data collected was analysed with the inductive thematic analysis method. All coding and inter-rater analyses were performed with NVivo. RESULTS The current study themes identified stigma-related factors that influence PMI's recovery from the perspectives of healthcare professionals working closely with PMI. These factors were organised into three overarching themes in a multilevel structure. The three themes were classified as Micro Factors (e.g., internalised stigma), Meso Factors (e.g., discrimination of people associated with the stigmatised group), and Macro Factors (e.g., structural stigma and stigma within healthcare settings). CONCLUSIONS The findings of this study gave us a greater understanding of how stigma influences recovery in Singapore, which could be used to guide the development and implementation of future policies and strategies to promote recovery. Importantly, our results suggest that improving mental health literacy, addressing cultural misgivings towards mental illness, implementing recovery-oriented practices, and making insurance more accessible for PMI could mitigate the deleterious impact that stigma has on recovery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Savita Gunasekaran
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, 10 Buangkok View, 539747, Singapore, Singapore.
| | - Gregory Tee Hng Tan
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, 10 Buangkok View, 539747, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Shazana Shahwan
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, 10 Buangkok View, 539747, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Chong Min Janrius Goh
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, 10 Buangkok View, 539747, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Wei Jie Ong
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, 10 Buangkok View, 539747, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Mythily Subramaniam
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, 10 Buangkok View, 539747, Singapore, Singapore
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Őri D, Szocsics P, Molnár T, Ralovich FV, Huszár Z, Bene Á, Rózsa S, Győrffy Z, Purebl G. Stigma towards mental illness and help-seeking behaviors among adult and child psychiatrists in Hungary: A cross-sectional study. PLoS One 2022; 17:e0269802. [PMID: 35687584 PMCID: PMC9187077 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0269802] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/17/2021] [Accepted: 05/31/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Objective Stigma towards people with mental health problems is a growing issue across the world, to which healthcare providers might contribute. The aim of the present study was to explore psychiatrists’ attitudes towards their patients and link them to psychosocial and professional factors. Methods An online questionnaire was used to approach the in- and outpatient psychiatric services across Hungary. A total of 211 trainees and specialists in adult and child psychiatry participated in our study. Their overall stigmatizing attitudes were measured, with focus on attitude, disclosure and help-seeking, and social distance dimensions by using the self-report Opening Minds Stigma Scale for Health Care Providers (OMS-HC). Multiple linear regression analyses were performed to elucidate the dimensions of stigma and its association with sociodemographic, professional and personal traits. Results Stigmatizing attitudes of close colleagues towards patients were statistically significant predictors of higher scores on the attitude [B = 0.235 (0.168–0.858), p = 0.004], the disclosure and help-seeking subscales [B = 0.169 (0.038–0.908), p = 0.033], and the total score of the OMS-HC [B = 0.191 (0.188–1.843), p = 0.016]. Psychiatrists who had already sought help for their own problems had lower scores on the disclosure and help-seeking subscale [B = 0.202 (0.248–1.925), p = 0.011]. The overall stigmatizing attitude was predicted by the openness to participate in case discussion, supervision or Balint groups [B = 0.166 (0.178–5.886), p = 0.037] besides the more favorable attitudes of their psychiatrist colleagues [B = 0.191 (0.188–1.843), p = 0.016]. Conclusions The favorable attitudes of psychiatrists are associated with their own experiences with any kind of psychiatric condition, previous help-seeking behavior and the opportunity to work together with fellow psychiatrists, whose attitudes are less stigmatizing. The perception of fellow colleagues’ attitudes towards patients and the openness to case discussion, supervision and Balint groups were the main two factors that affected the overall attitudes towards patients; therefore, these should be considered when tailoring anti-stigma interventions for psychiatrists.
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Affiliation(s)
- Dorottya Őri
- Department of Mental Health, Heim Pál National Pediatric Institute, Budapest, Hungary
- Institute of Behavioural Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
- * E-mail:
| | - Péter Szocsics
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Tamás Molnár
- University of Pécs Medical School, County Hospital Győr, Petz Aladár Hospital, Győr, Hungary
| | - Fanni Virág Ralovich
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Zsolt Huszár
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychotherapy, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Ágnes Bene
- Department of Psychiatry and Psychiatric Rehabilitation, Saint John Hospital, Budapest, Hungary
| | - Sándor Rózsa
- Department of Psychiatry, Washington University School of Medicine, St. Louis, Missouri, United States of America
| | - Zsuzsa Győrffy
- Institute of Behavioural Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
| | - György Purebl
- Institute of Behavioural Sciences, Semmelweis University, Budapest, Hungary
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Kelman I, Ayeb-Karlsson S, Rose-Clarke K, Prost A, Ronneberg E, Wheeler N, Watts N. A review of mental health and wellbeing under climate change in small island developing states (SIDS). ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH LETTERS : ERL [WEB SITE] 2021; 16:033007. [PMID: 34149865 PMCID: PMC8208624 DOI: 10.1088/1748-9326/abe57d] [Citation(s) in RCA: 15] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/18/2020] [Revised: 02/07/2021] [Accepted: 02/11/2021] [Indexed: 05/03/2023]
Abstract
Small island developing states (SIDS) are often at the forefront of climate change impacts, including those related to health, but information on mental health and wellbeing is typically underreported. To help address this research lacuna, this paper reviews research about mental health and wellbeing under climate change in SIDS. Due to major differences in the literature's methodologies, results, and analyses, the method is an overview and qualitative evidence synthesis of peer-reviewed publications. The findings show that mental health and wellbeing in the context of climate change have yet to feature prominently and systematically in research covering SIDS. It seems likely that major adverse mental health and wellbeing impacts linked to climate change impacts will affect SIDS peoples. Similar outcomes might also emerge when discussing climate change related situations, scenarios, and responses, irrespective of what has actually happened thus far due to climate change. In the context of inadequate health systems and stigmatisation of mental health diagnoses and treatments, as tends to occur globally, climate change narratives might present an opening for conversations about addressing mental health and wellbeing issues for SIDS.
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Affiliation(s)
- Ilan Kelman
- University College London (UCL), London, United Kingdom
- University of Agder, 4630 Kristiansand, Norway
| | - Sonja Ayeb-Karlsson
- University of Sussex, Brighton BN1 9RH, United Kingdom
- United Nations University Institute for Environment and Human Security, D-53113 Bonn, Germany
| | | | - Audrey Prost
- University College London (UCL), London, United Kingdom
| | - Espen Ronneberg
- Secretariat of the Pacific Regional Environment Programme (SPREP), Apia, Samoa
| | - Nicola Wheeler
- Consultant (World Health Organization), Associate (Outsight International), London, United Kingdom
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Eissa AM, Elhabiby MM, El Serafi D, Elrassas HH, Shorub EM, El-Madani AA. Investigating stigma attitudes towards people with mental illness among residents and house officers: an Egyptian study. MIDDLE EAST CURRENT PSYCHIATRY 2020. [DOI: 10.1186/s43045-020-0019-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
Abstract
Abstract
Background
Stigma is a basic component of the negative discrimination that people with mental illness experience every day. It blocks access to facilities that have been created to help people with mental illness. Furthermore, the attitudes held by people with authority (including clinical staff and officers) towards people with mental illness are likely to influence their attitude towards them and hence the experience and treatment outcome of the patients. The aim of this work is to study and compare the attitudes of Egyptian residents of different clinical specialties and house officers towards patients with mental illness. The current study aimed to study the attitudes of Egyptian medical residents and house officers towards patients with mental illness and compare between both groups. This cross-sectional comparative study was designed to assess 150 residents and 201 house officers at Ain Shams University Hospitals by using the Mental Illness Clinician Attitude Scale version 4 (MICA-4) and newly designed questions related to stigma.
Results
The study revealed that the scores of MICA questionnaire were significantly lower than the cut point for negative attitude in both residents and house officers (P < 0.0001). In addition, there was a trend of an increase in MICA scores throughout the three levels of seniority but with no statistically significant difference. Furthermore, there was no statistical significant finding regarding the majority of MICA items or stigma sheet questions across the different specialties.
Conclusion
Stigma is one of the most disabling factors that prevent people with mental illness to live a normal social and occupational life and thus receive a good quality of life and equal chance of medical health care as other non-psychiatric patients.
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Chang S, Picco L, Abdin E, Yuan Q, Chong SA, Subramaniam M. Resilience and associative stigma among mental health professionals in a tertiary psychiatric hospital: a cross-sectional study in Singapore. BMJ Open 2019; 9:e033762. [PMID: 31888942 PMCID: PMC6937006 DOI: 10.1136/bmjopen-2019-033762] [Citation(s) in RCA: 12] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/19/2022] Open
Abstract
OBJECTIVES The mental health profession exposes healthcare workers to unique stressors such as associative stigma (stigmatisation that is extended from the stigmatised patients to psychiatric professionals and is based on affiliation with an individual with mental illness). Enhancing resilience, or the ability to 'bounce back' from adversity, is found to be useful in reducing occupational stress and its negative effects. In view of the high burnout rates reported among mental health professionals, this study aimed to examine resilience in this group of professionals and to explore the association between resilience and associative stigma. DESIGN Observational study-cross-sectional design. SETTING Tertiary psychiatry hospital in Singapore. PARTICIPANTS The study was conducted among 470 mental health professionals (doctors, nurses and allied health professionals) working in the hospital. MEASURES Resilience was assessed using the Brief Resilience Scale (BRS) and participants completed questionnaires that examined associative stigma. Participants provided their sociodemographic information, length of service, and information on whether they knew of a close friend or family member who had a mental illness. RESULTS Mean resilience score for the overall sample was 3.59 (SD=0.64). Older age (β=0.012, 95% CI 0.004 to 0.019, p=0.003) and having known a family member or close friend with a mental illness (β=0.155, 95% CI 0.019 to 0.290, p=0.025) predicted higher BRS score. Associative stigma remained significantly associated with resilience score after controlling for sociodemographic factors whereby higher associative stigma predicted lower resilience scores. CONCLUSION The present finding suggests that resilience building programmes among mental health workers should target those of the younger age group, and that addressing the issue of associative stigma is essential.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sherilyn Chang
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Louisa Picco
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Edimansyah Abdin
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Qi Yuan
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore
| | - Siow Ann Chong
- Research Division, Institute of Mental Health, Singapore, Singapore
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