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Weng H, Wang Q, Ye R, Bai Y, Yang H, Xu G, Wang Q. Anti-oxidative-initiated cognitive impairment amelioration in Alzheimer's Disease model rats through preventive transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation. Integr Med Res 2023; 12:100946. [PMID: 37187681 PMCID: PMC10176170 DOI: 10.1016/j.imr.2023.100946] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2023] [Revised: 03/08/2023] [Accepted: 03/09/2023] [Indexed: 04/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Background Alzheimer's disease (AD) is a chronic and irreversible neurodegenerative disease. Oxidative stress emerges at the early AD stage. As a non-invasive therapy with few adverse reactions, transcutaneous electrical acupoint stimulation (TEAS) combines acupuncture points of traditional Chinese medicine (TCM) and electrical stimulation. This study aimed to investigate the amelioration effects of preventive TEAS treatment (P-TEAS) on cognitive impairment and oxidative stress in AD model rats. Methods The AD model was established via subcutaneous injections of D-galactose (D-gal, 120 mg/kg/d) into the back of neck for 9 weeks in Sprague Dawley (SD) rats to simulate the oxidative stress in the early AD stage. On the first day of the 10th week, Aβ1-42 (1 μg/μl) was injected into the CA1 regions of the bilateral hippocampus. P-TEAS was synchronized from the first day of subcutaneous D-gal injections for 9 weeks. Results Empirical measurements showed that P-TEAS can improve the spatial memory ability of AD model rats in the Morris water maze. Superoxide dismutase (SOD) was upregulated in the P-TEAS group. Through the detection of the anti-oxidative stress signaling pathway, namely, Kelch-like ECH-associated protein 1 (Keap1)/ NFE2-related factor 2 (Nrf2), it was found that P-TEAS could promote Nrf2 entering into the nucleus and upregulating the production of protective factors heme oxygenase 1 (HO-1) and NADPH quinone oxidoreductase 1 (NQO1). It was also found that P-TEAS could downregulate the expressions of BCL2-associated X-protein (Bax), caspase 3, and caspase 9 to inhibit neuronal apoptosis. Conclusions P-TEAS has similar efficacy to electroacupuncture in preventing AD occurrence and development. P-TEAS is a new non-invasive intervention therapy for the prevention of AD.
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He GZ, Bu N, Li YJ, Gao Y, Wang G, Kong ZD, Zhao M, Zhang SS, Gao W. Extra Loading Dose of Dexmedetomidine Enhances Intestinal Function Recovery After Colorectal Resection: A Retrospective Cohort Study. Front Pharmacol 2022; 13:806950. [PMID: 35548338 PMCID: PMC9081762 DOI: 10.3389/fphar.2022.806950] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/04/2022] [Accepted: 03/24/2022] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Importance: Postoperative gastrointestinal dysfunction (POGD) may be caused by postoperative vagus nerve tension inhibition and systemic inflammation. Dexmedetomidine (Dex) increases vagus nerve tone and affords an anti-inflammatory property, which may play a role in pathogenesis. Objective: To investigate whether a higher dose of Dex enhances gastrointestinal function recovery. Design: In this retrospective study, patients receiving colorectal surgery at the First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University from 2017 to 2019 were included. We evaluated the postoperative flatus time between recipients who received loading plus maintenance dose of DEX (LMD group, 237 recipients) and those who recieved maintenance dose of DEX (MD group, 302 recipients). Data were analyzed by logical regression and stratified and interaction analyses. The simulated pharmacokinetics of two DEX regimens was compared using the Tivatrainer software. Thirty paired blood samples from patients whose propensity scores matched with POGD-related factors at 24 h postoperatively were randomly selected, and their tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2), d-lactate (DLA), acetylcholine (Ach), interleukin (IL)-10, lipopolysaccharide (LPS), IL-6, and inducible nitric oxide synthase (iNOS) levels were measured. Setting: Operating rooms and general surgery wards. Participants: Among the 644 patients undergoing colorectal surgery, 12 who had a colostomy, 26 without Dex infusion, 20 whose Dex administration mode cannot be classified, and 47 with a history of intestinal surgery were excluded. A total of 539 patients were included. Result: Compared with the MD group, the LMD group had a shorter recovery time to flatus; lower incidences of nausea, vomiting, abdominal distension, and abdominal pain (p < 0.05); and a slightly decreased heart rate. The LMD group was the independent factor of POGD (OR = 0.59, 95% CI = 0.41-0.87, p = 0.007) without being reversed in stratified and interaction analyses and had higher Dex plasma concentration from skin incision to 8 h postoperatively. The LMD group had a 39% and 43% increase in Ach and IL-10 levels, respectively, and a 33%-77% decrease in TNF-α, IL-6, COX-2, iNOS, LPS, and DLA levels (p < 0.05). Conclusion: Adding an extra loading dose of Dex can increase parasympathetic tone and decrease inflammation; hence, it can enhance postoperative gastrointestinal function recovery following colorectal surgery.
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Affiliation(s)
- Guo-Zun He
- Center for Brain Science, Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China.,Department of Anesthesiology, Xi'an Aerospace General Hospital, Xi'an, China
| | - Ning Bu
- Center for Brain Science, Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ya-Juan Li
- Center for Brain Science, Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Yuan Gao
- Center for Brain Science, Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Ge Wang
- Center for Brain Science, Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Zhi-Dong Kong
- Center for Brain Science, Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Min Zhao
- Center for Brain Science, Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Shan-Shan Zhang
- Center for Brain Science, Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
| | - Wei Gao
- Center for Brain Science, Center for Translational Medicine, Department of Anesthesiology, The First Affiliated Hospital of Xi'an Jiaotong University, Xi'an, China
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