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Antoszewska A, Gutysz-Wojnicka A. Rationing of nursing care and assessment of work safety and a healthy work environment in intensive care units: A cross-sectional, correlational study. Intensive Crit Care Nurs 2024; 83:103667. [PMID: 38471399 DOI: 10.1016/j.iccn.2024.103667] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/18/2023] [Revised: 02/23/2024] [Accepted: 03/01/2024] [Indexed: 03/14/2024]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Rationing of nursing care, whichrefers to the aspects of care not delivered by nurses in an intensive care unit (ICU), has implicationsfor patient outcomes and experiences. OBJECTIVES This study aimed to identify the extent to which nursing care is rationed in intensive care units, as well as asses quality of nursing care, and the level of job satisfaction and its correlation with an assessment of the climate of work safety, teamwork, and a healthy work environment. METHODOLOGY A cross-sectional, correlational study was conducted. The study included 226 ICU nurses. It was conducted with the use of three instruments: the Perceived Implicit Rationing of Nursing Care (PRINCA) questionnaire on the rationing of nursing care, assessment of patient care quality and job satisfaction, American Association of Critical-Care Nurses Healthy Work Environment Assessment Tool (HWEAT) and the Safe Attitudes and Behaviours Questionnaire questionnaire in the version: Teamwork and Safety Climate (BePoZa). SETTINGS Intensive Care Units in Warmia and Mazury Region in Poland. MAIN OUTCOME MEASURES Level of Nursing Care Rationing in Intensive Care Units. RESULTS The majority of participants were women (89.82 %) with a mean age of 42.47 years. The average score for nursing care rationing across all groups was 0.58. The mean score for the HWEAT was 2.7 and BePoZa was 3.72. The scores from the questionnaires were negatively correlated with the nursing care rationing scores, being -0.36 for the HWEAT and -0.45 for BePoZa. All correlation coefficients were statistically significant at a p-value of less than 0.05. CONCLUSIONS It is important to monitor work safety, teamwork climate, and standards of a healthy work environment in ICUs to minimise the risk of rationing nursing care. IMPLICATIONS FOR CLINICAL PRACTICE Interventions that enhance work organisation and teamwork can elevate nursing quality and job satisfaction in ICUs, while underestimating patient care tasks; thus, highlighting the need for further research on the factors influencing nursing performance.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Antoszewska
- School of Public Health, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Department of Nursing, Żołnierska 14c Street, 10-561 Olsztyn, Poland.
| | - Aleksandra Gutysz-Wojnicka
- School of Public Health, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Department of Nursing, Żołnierska 14c Street, 10-561 Olsztyn, Poland.
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Antoszewska A, Gutysz-Wojnicka A. Rationing nursing care and organizational factors in intensive care units. PLoS One 2024; 19:e0306313. [PMID: 39052619 PMCID: PMC11271898 DOI: 10.1371/journal.pone.0306313] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/19/2024] [Accepted: 06/16/2024] [Indexed: 07/27/2024] Open
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Rationing nursing care is a term that applies to various aspects of the required patient care that are omitted or their performance is delayed. AIM This study aimed to identify the extent of rationing of nursing care in intensive care units (ICUs) in different types of hospitals and determine the relationship between rationing of nursing care and hospital and staff characteristics. METHODS This quantitative, cross-sectional, multicenter study was performed. The sample comprised 226 nurses working in ICUs in a North-East part of Poland. The Polish version of the PRINCA questionnaire methods was applied. The survey was conducted between 15 January and 31 May 2023. RESULTS There were statistically significant differences between rationing of nursing care in university/provincial hospitals and district hospitals t = 6.92 p<0.001. In provincial and university hospitals, nursing care is often omitted, leading to a lower perceived quality of nursing care (t = -3.0 p = 0.003). This is further compounded by the fact that nursing care is more likely to be rationed in units with a larger number of beds. The level of rationing of nursing care was significantly correlated with the perceived work quality and job satisfaction in both types of hospitals. The most frequently omitted aspects of nursing care included providing emotional support (university/provincial 1.27 vs. district 0.89), patient and family education (1.11 vs. 0.74), communication with external entities (1.11 vs. 0.84), and observing safe patient-handling practices (1.01 vs. 0.99). CONCLUSION The type of hospital and organizational factors influence the rationing of nursing care. Improvements in working conditions can improve nursing care quality in ICUs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anna Antoszewska
- Department of Nursing, School of Public Health, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
| | - Aleksandra Gutysz-Wojnicka
- Department of Nursing, School of Public Health, Collegium Medicum, University of Warmia and Mazury in Olsztyn, Olsztyn, Poland
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Marczak P, Milecka D. Professional burnout of nurses and the level of rationing of nursing care: an observational preliminary study. BMC Nurs 2024; 23:269. [PMID: 38658928 PMCID: PMC11040915 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-024-01940-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/14/2023] [Accepted: 04/15/2024] [Indexed: 04/26/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nurses are one of the professional groups most exposed to experiencing professional burnout. Professional burnout has a negative impact on the quality of nursing care, including causing care rationing. Therefore, it is very important to understand the determinants of both professional burnout and care rationing, as well as their mutual relationships. The aim of the study was to understand the impact of professional burnout among nurses on the level of rationing of nursing care. METHODS The study was conducted among 100 nurses at the Głogów County Hospital (Poland) from November 14, 2011, to November 18, 2022. The following Polish version of the standardized research tools were utilized: the Basel Extent of Rationing of Nursing Care- Revised (BERNCA-R) questionnaire and the Oldenburg Burnout Inventory (OLBI). Additionally, a survey designed by the authors was employed. RESULTS The BERNCA-R significantly correlates (p < 0.05) and positively (r > 0) with OLBI (disengagement), resulting in a higher degree of care rationing. The average overall BERNCA-R score was 1.56 points (SD = 0.62), indicating that the frequency of care rationing among respondents ranged from "never" to "rarely." Among participants in the OLBI questionnaire, 63% of respondents had a moderate level of work exhaustion, 36% had a high level of work exhaustion, and 1% had a low level of work exhaustion. In turn, 58% of respondents had a moderate level of disengagement, 38% had a high level of disengagement, and 4% had a low level of disengagement. Moreover, a statistically significant association with the BERNCA-R score concerning the workplace (ward) and participation in training on preventing professional burnout was shown. CONCLUSIONS The rationing of nursing care was found to be at a low level. The higher the level of disengagement, the greater the level of care rationing was observed. In conservative units, nurses demonstrated a higher level of care rationing. Nurses' expectations regarding the reduction of professional burnout include, among other things, higher remuneration, an increase in the number of staff, and an improvement in the work atmosphere.
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Affiliation(s)
- Patrycja Marczak
- Medical Institute, State University of Applied Sciences in Głogów, Piotra Skargi 5 Street, 67-200, Głogów, Poland
| | - Dorota Milecka
- Medical Institute, State University of Applied Sciences in Głogów, Piotra Skargi 5 Street, 67-200, Głogów, Poland.
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Yang L, Zhou W, Gao Y, Wu T, Zhang H, Gan X. Development and validation of the missed intensive nursing care scale. BMC Nurs 2024; 23:165. [PMID: 38454469 PMCID: PMC10919009 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-024-01805-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/30/2023] [Accepted: 02/18/2024] [Indexed: 03/09/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Missed nursing care is a pervasive issue in hospitals, nursing homes, and communities, posing a significant threat to patient safety and the quality of nursing care. It has adverse effects on patient satisfaction and the motivation of nursing staff. Understanding the causes and nature of these care omissions in clinical settings is essential for implementing effective interventions. This study aims to develop and validate a tool for assessing missed nursing care in adult intensive care units. METHODS Semi-structured interviews, expert consultations conducted via the Delphi method and item analysis were used to develop the initial scale. Our analysis involved data collected from 400 nurses and employed correlation coefficient analysis, critical ratio assessment, Cronbach's α coefficient evaluation, discrete trend analysis, and factor analysis, which were grounded in both classical test theory and item response theory, allowing us to scrutinize and refine the items in the scale. To validate the scale, we conveniently sampled 550 nurses and assessed structural validity, internal reliability, split-half reliability, and test-retest reliability to ensure the scale's robustness and accuracy. RESULTS The Missed Intensive Nursing Care Scale (MINCS) comprises three distinct components. Part A serves to collect general information about the participants. In Part B, the missed care elements are categorized into five domains, following the framework of Maslow's hierarchy of needs theory: physiology, safety, belongingness, esteem, and cognition. Part C is dedicated to detailing the reasons behind missed care, which encompass labor resources, material resources, communication factors, and managerial factors. Remarkably, the Cronbach's α coefficient for the MINCS stands at an impressive 0.951, with S-CVI values of 0.988 and 0.977 in Part B and C, respectively, underscoring the scale's exceptional reliability and validity. This demonstrates the scale's effectiveness in measuring missed nursing care while upholding rigorous standards of quality. CONCLUSIONS The MINCS emerges as a robust and dependable instrument for quantifying instances of missed care within the ICU. Its efficacy makes it a valuable resource for informing the development of strategies aimed at averting and mitigating the adverse effects associated with missed nursing care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Li Yang
- Nursing Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Nanan District, Chongqing, China
| | - Wen Zhou
- Nursing Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Nanan District, Chongqing, China
| | - Yan Gao
- Nursing Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Nanan District, Chongqing, China
| | - Taiqin Wu
- Nursing Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Nanan District, Chongqing, China
| | - Huan Zhang
- Nursing Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Nanan District, Chongqing, China
| | - Xiuni Gan
- Nursing Department, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Chongqing Medical University, Nanan District, Chongqing, China.
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El-Gazar HE, Abousoliman AD, Shawer M, Coelho P, Zoromba MA. How nursing practice environments limit implicit rationing of care and nurse-assessed adverse events: the role of flow at work. BMC Nurs 2024; 23:19. [PMID: 38172826 PMCID: PMC10765756 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-023-01644-8] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/12/2023] [Accepted: 12/08/2023] [Indexed: 01/05/2024] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The nursing practice environment is beneficial in curbing implicit rationing of nursing care and adverse patient events. However, the underlying mechanisms of these relationships remain unexplored. AIM To test whether flow at work mediates the relationship between the nursing practice environment, implicit rationing of nursing care, and nurse-assessed adverse patient events. METHODS This cross-sectional study involved 231 nurses from five hospitals in Port Said, Egypt. The participants completed Arabic-translated versions of the Practice Environment Scale of the Nursing Work Index, the Work-Related Flow Inventory, the Perceived Implicit Rationing of Nursing Care instrument, and the Adverse Patient Events scale. Structural equation modeling was used to test the hypothetical model. RESULTS The favorable nursing practice environment positively predicted nurses' flow at work (β = 0.64, p < 0.001), while inversely predicting implicit rationing of nursing care (β = -0.23, p = 0.014) and adverse patient events (β = -0.35, p < 0.001). Nurses' flow at work inversely predicted implicit rationing of nursing care (β = -0.30, p = 0.002) and adverse patient events (β = -0.29, p = 0.002). Moreover, nurses' flow at work acted as a mediator, linking the nursing practice environment to the rationing of nursing care and adverse patient events, with 500 bootstrap results for the indirect effects (β = -0.24, p = 0.001, 95% CI: -0.43 to -0.09; and β = -0.44, p = 0.003, 95% CI: -0.79 to -0.16, respectively). CONCLUSION Nurses working in a favorable nursing practice environment are more likely to experience flow at work, limiting implicit rationing of nursing care and adverse patient events. IMPLICATIONS FOR NURSING MANAGEMENT Nursing administrators should strive to create a healthy nursing practice environment to foster nurses' flow and thereby reduce the frequency of implicit rationing of nursing care and adverse patient events.
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Affiliation(s)
- Heba E El-Gazar
- Nursing Administration Department, Faculty of Nursing, Port Said University, Port Said, Egypt
| | - Ali D Abousoliman
- Nursing Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia
- Nursing Administration Department, Faculty of Nursing, Kafrelsheikh University, Kafr el-sheikh, Egypt
| | - Mona Shawer
- High Institution of Nursing, Mansoura, Egypt
- Nursing Education and Training, King's College Hospital London, Jeddah, Saudi Arabia
| | - Paulo Coelho
- Nursing Department, Prince Sultan Cardiac Center, Riyadh, Saudi Arabia
| | - Mohamed A Zoromba
- Nursing Department, College of Applied Medical Sciences, Prince Sattam bin Abdulaziz University, Al-Kharj, Saudi Arabia.
- Psychiatric and Mental Health Nursing Department, Faculty of Nursing, Mansoura University, Mansoura, Egypt.
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Jędrzejczyk M, Guzak B, Czapla M, Ross C, Vellone E, Juzwiszyn J, Chudiak A, Sadowski M, Uchmanowicz I. Rationing of nursing care in Internal Medicine Departments-a cross-sectional study. BMC Nurs 2023; 22:455. [PMID: 38044434 PMCID: PMC10694866 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-023-01617-x] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/20/2023] [Indexed: 12/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Implicit rationing of nursing care refers to a situation in which necessary nursing care is not performed to meet all of the patients' needs. PURPOSE To examine the factors influencing the rationing of nursing care, nurses' assessment of the quality of patient care, and their job satisfaction in Internal Medicine Departments. METHODS A cross-sectional descriptive study was undertaken. The study included 1164 nurses working in the Internal Medicine Departments in 8 hospitals (Lower Silesia, Poland). The Perceived Implicit Rationing of Nursing Care instrument was used. RESULTS Respondents rarely ration nursing care, with a mean score of 1.12 (SD = 0.68). The mean score for quality of patient care was 6.99 (SD = 1.92). In contrast, the mean job satisfaction score was 6.07 points (SD = 2.22). The most important predictors of high rates of rationing of nursing care were work experience of 16-20 years (regression parameter: 0.387) and a Bachelor's degree in nursing (regression parameter: 0.139). Nurses' assessment of the quality of patient care ratings were increased by having a Master's degree in nursing (regression parameter: 0.41), and significantly decreased by work experience of 16-20 years (regression parameter: -1.332). Independent predictors of job satisfaction ratings in both univariate and multivariate analysis were Master's degree and long-shift working patterns. CONCLUSION The factors that influence an increased level of nursing care rationing on medical wards are nurse seniority, exceeding 16 years and female gender. Obtaining a Master's degree in nursing indicates improved nurses' assessment of the quality of patient care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Maria Jędrzejczyk
- Department of Nursing and Obstetrics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Beata Guzak
- Center of Postgraduate Education for Nurses and Midwives, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michał Czapla
- Institute of Heart Diseases, University Hospital, Wroclaw, 50-566, Poland.
- Department of Emergency Medical Service, Wroclaw Medical University, ul. Parkowa 34, Wroclaw, 51-616, Poland.
- Group of Research in Care (GRUPAC), Faculty of Health Science, University of La Rioja, Logroño, 26006, Spain.
| | - Catherine Ross
- The Centre for Cardiovascular Health, School of Health and Social Care, Edinburgh Napier University, Edinburgh, EH11 4BN, UK
| | - Ercole Vellone
- Department of Nursing and Obstetrics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
- Department of Biomedicine and Prevention, University of Roma Tor Vergata, Rome, Italy
| | - Jan Juzwiszyn
- Department of Nursing and Obstetrics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Anna Chudiak
- Department of Nursing and Obstetrics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Mikołaj Sadowski
- Department of Anaesthesiology and Intensive Care, University Hospital, Wrocław, 50-556, Poland
| | - Izabella Uchmanowicz
- Department of Nursing and Obstetrics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
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Moradi T, Adib-Hajbaghery M, Dianati M, Moradi F. Rationing of nursing care: A concept analysis. Heliyon 2023; 9:e15861. [PMID: 37180901 PMCID: PMC10172910 DOI: 10.1016/j.heliyon.2023.e15861] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/27/2022] [Revised: 04/23/2023] [Accepted: 04/24/2023] [Indexed: 05/16/2023] Open
Abstract
Rationing of nursing care (RONC) refers to necessary nursing tasks that nurses refuse or fail to do because of limited time, staffing level, or skill mix. As an important process factor, it affects the quality of patient care. The concept of rationing of nursing care has not yet been clearly defined and analyzed and there are different views regarding this issue. Using Walker and Avant's eight-step method, this concept analysis was conducted to analyze the meaning, attributes, dimensions, antecedents, and consequences of nursing care rationing. The literature was collected by searching in electronic databases including PubMed, ScienceDirect, Web of Science, Scopus, and Google Scholar with no date limitation. Both qualitative and quantitative studies on rationing of nursing care, which were open-access and published in English, were included in this study. Thirty-three articles were investigated in the present study. The four defining attributes of RONC included the duty of performing nursing care, dealing with problems of doing nursing care, decision-making and prioritizing, and outcome. The antecedents included nurse-related, organization-related, care-related, and patient-related antecedents. A theoretical definition and a conceptual model of RONC were developed. The attributes, antecedents, and consequences of RONC identified in this study can be used in nursing education, research, and managerial and organizational planning.
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Affiliation(s)
- Tayebeh Moradi
- Trauma Nursing Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Mohsen Adib-Hajbaghery
- Trauma Nursing Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
- Corresponding author.
| | - Mansour Dianati
- Trauma Nursing Research Center, Kashan University of Medical Sciences, Kashan, Iran
| | - Fatemeh Moradi
- Department of English Language and Literature, Allameh Tabataba'i University, Tehran, Iran
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Jarosz K, Młynarska A. The Impact of Sociodemographic Factors on the Rationing of Nursing Care in Urology Wards. NURSING REPORTS 2023; 13:561-572. [PMID: 36976703 PMCID: PMC10051577 DOI: 10.3390/nursrep13010051] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/29/2022] [Revised: 03/13/2023] [Accepted: 03/16/2023] [Indexed: 03/29/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The problem of care rationing is widespread all over the world and results from many factors affecting nurses. These factors may result from the environment in which the nurses work, e.g., the atmosphere at work, or may not be related to work, e.g., place of residence. The aim of this study was to examine the impact of sociodemographic factors (place of residence, satisfaction with the financial situation, number of forms of postgraduate education, work system, number of patients per nurse, number of diseases) on care rationing, job satisfaction and quality of nursing care. METHODS The study is a cross-sectional study which includes 130 nurses from all over Poland who work in urology wards. The criteria for inclusion were consent to the examination, practicing the profession of a nurse, work in the urology department and work experience of at least 6 months, regardless of the number of hours worked (full-time/part-time). The study was conducted using the standardized PIRNCA (Perceived Implicit Rationing of Nursing Care) questionnaire. RESULTS The average rationing nursing care was 1.11/3 points which means nursing care was rarely rationed. The average job satisfaction was 5.95/10 points, and the assessment of the quality of patient care was 6.88/10 points, which means a medium level of the job satisfaction and the quality of patient care. The rationing of care was affected by the number of nurse illnesses; job satisfaction was influenced by the place of residence and satisfaction with the financial situation, while the quality of care was not influenced by any of the analyzed factors. CONCLUSIONS The result of care rationing is at a similar level as the results in Poland and abroad. Despite the rare rationing of care, employers should take corrective action, especially in terms of increasing the staff and health prevention of nurses.
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Affiliation(s)
- Katarzyna Jarosz
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatric Nursing, School of Health Sciences, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Młynarska
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatric Nursing, School of Health Sciences, Medical University of Silesia, 40-055 Katowice, Poland
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Wagner-Łosieczka B, Kolarczyk E, Młynarska A, Owczarek D, Sadowski M, Kowalczuk K, Guzak B, Czapla M, Uchmanowicz I. The variables in the rationing of nursing care in cardiology departments. BMC Nurs 2023; 22:59. [PMID: 36869327 PMCID: PMC9983219 DOI: 10.1186/s12912-023-01222-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/24/2022] [Accepted: 02/24/2023] [Indexed: 03/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The rationing of nursing care is a complex process that affects the quality of medical services. PURPOSE An assessment of the impact of nursing care rationing on burnout and life satisfaction in cardiology departments. METHODS The study included 217 nurses working in the cardiology department. The Perceived Implicit Rationing of Nursing Care, the Maslach Burnout Inventory, and the Satisfaction with Life Scale were used. RESULTS A greater emotional exhaustion, the more frequently the rationing of nursing care (r = 0.309, p < 0.061) and the lower the job satisfaction (r=-0.128, p = 0.061). Higher life satisfaction was associated with less frequent rationing of nursing care (r=-0.177, p = 0.01), better quality of care provided (r = 0.285, p < 0.001), and higher job satisfaction (r = 0.348, p < 0.01). CONCLUSION Higher levels of burnout contribute to more frequent rationing of nursing care, poorer evaluation of the quality of care provided, and lower job satisfaction. Life satisfaction is associated with less frequent rationing of care, better evaluation of the quality of care provided, and greater job satisfaction.
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Affiliation(s)
- Barbara Wagner-Łosieczka
- grid.4495.c0000 0001 1090 049XDepartment of Nursing and Obstetrics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Ewelina Kolarczyk
- grid.411728.90000 0001 2198 0923Department of Gerontology and Geriatric Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Młynarska
- grid.411728.90000 0001 2198 0923Department of Gerontology and Geriatric Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Darek Owczarek
- grid.412700.00000 0001 1216 0093Institute of Heart Diseases, University Hospital, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Mikołaj Sadowski
- grid.412700.00000 0001 1216 0093Institute of Heart Diseases, University Hospital, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Krystyna Kowalczuk
- grid.48324.390000000122482838Department of Integrated Medical Care, Faculty of Health Sciences, Medical University of Bialystok, Bialystok, Poland
| | - Beata Guzak
- Center of Postgraduate Education for Nurses and Midwives, Warsaw, Poland
| | - Michał Czapla
- Institute of Heart Diseases, University Hospital, Wroclaw, Poland. .,Department of Emergency Medical Service, Faculty of Health Science, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland. .,Group of Research in Care (GRUPAC), Faculty of Nursing, University of La Rioja, Logroño, Spain.
| | - Izabella Uchmanowicz
- grid.4495.c0000 0001 1090 049XDepartment of Nursing and Obstetrics, Faculty of Health Sciences, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland ,grid.412700.00000 0001 1216 0093Institute of Heart Diseases, University Hospital, Wroclaw, Poland
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Schneider-Matyka D, Świątoniowska-Lonc N, Polański J, Szkup M, Grochans E, Jankowska-Polańska B. Assessment of The Effect of Stress, Sociodemographic Variables and Work-Related Factors on Rationing of Nursing Care. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2023; 20:2414. [PMID: 36767779 PMCID: PMC9915080 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph20032414] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/26/2022] [Revised: 01/25/2023] [Accepted: 01/27/2023] [Indexed: 06/18/2023]
Abstract
(1) Rationing of nursing care is withholding, limiting or not fulfilling the necessary nursing activities for patients. It may have a negative effect on patient safety and the quality of care. The aim of the present paper is the assessment of the effect of stress on the rationing of nursing care. (2) The current research has a cross-sectional, observational design. The study sample comprised 567 nurses. The following questionnaires were used in the study PIRNCA and PSS-10. (3) It was demonstrated that nurses with a high level of perceived stress rationed nursing care to a greater extent and showed lower assessment of nursing care and lower job satisfaction in comparison with nurses with average and low levels of perceived stress. (4) 1. Stress in nurses has a negative effect on rationing of nursing care and job satisfaction. It is recommended that actions aimed at developing effective stress coping skills be implemented as early as at the stage of training to become a nurse. 2. Factors such as marital status, sex, form of employment, place of employment and the level of professional burnout syndrome may have an influence on the level of experienced stress. In turn, the level of experienced stress, marital status, education, place of work as well as the place of residence may have an effect on rationing of nursing care and, consequently, affect the quality of care.
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Affiliation(s)
- Daria Schneider-Matyka
- Department of Nursing, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Żołnierska 48, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland
| | | | - Jacek Polański
- Department of Internal Medicine, Occupational Diseases, Hypertension and Clinical Oncology, Wroclaw Medical University, 213 Borowska Street, 50-556 Wrocław, Poland
| | - Małgorzata Szkup
- Department of Nursing, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Żołnierska 48, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Elżbieta Grochans
- Department of Nursing, Pomeranian Medical University in Szczecin, Żołnierska 48, 71-210 Szczecin, Poland
| | - Beata Jankowska-Polańska
- Center for Research and Innovation, 4th Military Hospital, 5 Weigla Street, 50-981 Wrocław, Poland
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Rationing Care, Job Satisfaction, Fatigue and the Level of Professional Burnout of Nurses in Urology Departments. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19148625. [PMID: 35886482 PMCID: PMC9321796 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19148625] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/05/2022] [Revised: 07/10/2022] [Accepted: 07/13/2022] [Indexed: 11/17/2022]
Abstract
The problem of rationing nursing care is common and present all over the world, which is a direct threat to the health and life of patients. The aim of the study was to assess the level of rationing care, fatigue, job satisfaction and occupational burnout and to assess the relationship between them and age, length of service and the number of jobs. A survey was performed among 130 Polish nurses in urology departments using the following questionnaires: Link Burnout Questionnaire, Job Satisfaction Scale, Nursing Care Rationing Scale and Modified Fatigue Impact Scale. Nursing care is rarely rationed-1.11 points; the experience of fatigue ranges between sometimes and often-52.58 points; and job satisfaction is at an average level-17.23 points. The level of rationing nursing care in urology departments is similar to that in other departments. This requires minor changes to the work of nurses to reduce the workload. Employers should develop implementation programs for young workers in order to avoid burnout and also invest in factors increasing nurses' satisfaction, such as the atmosphere at work.
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Factors Contributing to Rationed Nursing Care in the Slovak Republic-A Secondary Analysis of Quantitative Data. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:ijerph19020702. [PMID: 35055524 PMCID: PMC8775605 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph19020702] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/16/2021] [Revised: 01/01/2022] [Accepted: 01/07/2022] [Indexed: 02/04/2023]
Abstract
Rationed nursing care is a significant problem in healthcare facilities worldwide. Awareness of contributing factors to rationed care might support the development and implementation of strategies for reducing this phenomenon from clinical practice. The study examined the association between selected hospital, unit, and staff variables and the prevalence of rationed nursing care. Secondary analysis of cross-sectional data collected between December 2017 and July 2018 from 895 registered nurses in seven acute care hospitals in the Slovak Republic was performed. Data were collected using the questionnaire Perceived Implicit Rationing of Nursing and analyzed by descriptive and inferential statistics in the statistical program SPSS 25.0. Statistically significant associations were found between rationed nursing care and unit type, education, shift type, nurses' experience in the current unit, overtime hours, missed shifts, intention to leave the position, perceived staff adequacy, quality of patient care, and job satisfaction. Differences in rating rationed nursing care, quality of patient care, and job satisfaction were identified based on hospital type. Together with top hospital management, nurse managers should develop targeted interventions focusing on mitigating rationed nursing care from the clinical practice with a focus placed on university hospitals. Quality and safe care might be ensured through constant monitoring of the quality of patient care and job satisfaction of nurses as these factors significantly predicted the estimates of rationed nursing care.
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Self-assessment of Rationing and Quality of Nursing Care. J Nurs Care Qual 2021; 37:E48-E53. [PMID: 34775421 DOI: 10.1097/ncq.0000000000000607] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Nursing care rationing has been a widespread problem in everyday nursing practice for many years. PURPOSE The aim of this research study was to assess the prevalence of care rationing among nurses working in Poland. METHODS The study was conducted among a population of 1310 nurses. To examine the dependencies between the sociodemographics and unfinished nursing care, the Polish adaptation of the Perceived Implicit Rationing of Nursing Care questionnaire and an investigator-developed questionnaire were used. RESULTS The mean level of missed care was 1.16 (SD = 0.7). The significant predictors of care rationing were associated with the quality of patient care (βstd = -.43, P < .001) and general work satisfaction (βstd = -.15, P < .001). CONCLUSIONS Job satisfaction and the quality of nursing care should be constantly monitored as these factors are significantly associated with the levels of care rationing.
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Kołtuniuk A, Witczak I, Młynarska A, Czajor K, Uchmanowicz I. Satisfaction With Life, Satisfaction With Job, and the Level of Care Rationing Among Polish Nurses-A Cross-Sectional Study. Front Psychol 2021; 12:734789. [PMID: 34650492 PMCID: PMC8505674 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.734789] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/01/2021] [Accepted: 08/27/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Rationing of nursing care is a serious issue that has been widely discussed throughout recent years in many countries. The level of satisfaction with life and of satisfaction with job as the nurse-related factors may significantly affect the level of care rationing. Aim: To assess the rationing of nursing care among the Polish nurses and the impact of nurse-related variables, i.e., satisfaction with life and satisfaction with job on the level of nursing care rationing. Materials and Methods: A cross-sectional study was conducted among 529 Polish registered nurses employing in two University Hospitals. Three self-report scales in the Polish version were used in this study, namely, Basel Extent of Rationing of Nursing Care-revised version (BERNCA-R), Satisfaction with Life Scale (SWLS), and Satisfaction with Work Scale (SWWS). Results: The respondents indicated that the most frequently rationed activity is studying the situation of individual patients and care plans at the beginning of the shift. The least frequently rationed activity indicated by the respondents was adequate hand hygiene. The patient-to-nurse ratio and the level of satisfaction with job are significant independent factors affecting the level of care rationing. Conclusions: The assessment of the level of satisfaction with life and identification of factors affecting this assessment will enable reducing the occurrence of care rationing.
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Affiliation(s)
- Aleksandra Kołtuniuk
- Department of Nervous System Diseases, Faculty of Health Sciences, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Izabela Witczak
- Department of Health Care Economics and Quality, Faculty of Health Sciences, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Młynarska
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatric Nursing, School of Health Sciences, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Karolina Czajor
- Department of Ophthalmology, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
| | - Izabella Uchmanowicz
- Department of Clinical Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Wroclaw Medical University, Wroclaw, Poland
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Witczak I, Rypicz Ł, Karniej P, Młynarska A, Kubielas G, Uchmanowicz I. Rationing of Nursing Care and Patient Safety. Front Psychol 2021; 12:676970. [PMID: 34566757 PMCID: PMC8458807 DOI: 10.3389/fpsyg.2021.676970] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/06/2021] [Accepted: 08/11/2021] [Indexed: 01/07/2023] Open
Abstract
Background: Nursing care has a significant impact on patient safety, which affects clinical outcomes, patients’ satisfaction with the care received and nursing personnel’s satisfaction with the care provided. This study aimed to determine the extent of nursing care rationing and its relationship with patient safety including identification of the specific reasons. Methods: This cross-sectional study involved 245 nurses and was performed between April–June 2019 in four hospitals in Wrocław, Poland. The standardized and relevant research tools such as Hospital Survey on Patient Safety Culture (HSOPSC) and the Perceived Implicit Rationing of Nursing Care (PIRNCA) were used. The data was submitted to hierarchical multiple regression analysis. The study was approved by the Bioethics Committee and was followed with the STROBE guidelines. Results: The PIRNCA scores were negatively correlated with the HSOPSC subscales, which indicates that more frequent rationing of nursing care was associated with lower levels of patient safety parameters. It was shown that the highest level of unfinished nursing care was associated with decreases in patient safety factors linked with supervisor manager expectations actions promoting safety (rs = −0.321, p < 0.001), teamwork within hospital units (rs = −0.377, p < 0.001), feedback and communication about error (rs = −0.271, p < 0.001), teamwork across hospital units (rs = −0.221, p < 0.01), and hospital handoffs transitions (rs = −0.179, p < 0.01). Moreover, the strongest association was observed between the PIRNCA scores with patient safety grade (rs = 0.477, p < 0.001). Also, the PIRNCA scores among the internal unit were significantly higher than in the intensive care and surgical units. Conclusion: Our study indicated the presence of nursing care rationing. Regarding patient safety, we found insufficient numbers of medical personnel and excessive personnel workload for providing safe care to patients, a lack of transparency in handling adverse event reports and analyses, and a lack of cooperation between hospital units regarding patient safety.
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Affiliation(s)
- Izabela Witczak
- Department of Economics and Quality in Health Care, Faculty of Health Sciences, Wrocław Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Łukasz Rypicz
- Department of Economics and Quality in Health Care, Faculty of Health Sciences, Wrocław Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Piotr Karniej
- Department of Organisation and Management, Faculty of Health Sciences, Wrocław Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Agnieszka Młynarska
- Department of Electrocardiology, Upper Silesian Medical Centre, Katowice, Poland.,Department of Gerontology and Geriatric Nursing, Medical University of Silesia, Katowice, Poland
| | - Grzegorz Kubielas
- Department of Clinical Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Wrocław Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
| | - Izabella Uchmanowicz
- Department of Clinical Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Wrocław Medical University, Wrocław, Poland
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Młynarska A, Krawuczka A, Kolarczyk E, Uchmanowicz I. Rationing of Nursing Care in Intensive Care Units. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2020; 17:ijerph17196944. [PMID: 32977450 PMCID: PMC7579213 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph17196944] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/25/2020] [Revised: 09/18/2020] [Accepted: 09/20/2020] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
Abstract
The nursing practice refers to a wide range of tasks and responsibilities. In a situation where there is a problem of limited resources, nurses are forced to ration the patient’s care—that is, minimize and skip some tasks. The main purpose of this work was to assess the rationing level of nursing care among staff in the intensive care units. Methods: The research included 150 anaesthesiological nurses in the Silesian Region in Poland. The research was conducted from July to October 2019 using the standardized Perceived Implicit Rationing of Nursing Care (PRINCA) questionnaire on rationing nursing care, assessing the quality of patient care, and job satisfaction. The Modified Fatigue Impact Scale (MFIS) standardized questionnaire was used to assess the level of fatigue of respondents in the physical, cognitive, and psychosocial spheres. Results: Sociodemographic factors, such as gender, age, place of residence, education, seniority, and type of employment were not found to affect the rationing level of nursing care in the intensive care unit. The average quality of patient care was 6.05/10 points, while the average job satisfaction rating was 7.13/10 points. Analysis of the MFIS questionnaire showed that respondents experienced fatigue between “rare” and “sometimes”, and nursing staff fatigue was the main factor for rationing care. Conclusions: The higher the level of fatigue, the greater the rationing of care and the less satisfaction from work.
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Affiliation(s)
- Agnieszka Młynarska
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatric Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia,40−752 Katowice, Poland; (A.M.); (A.K.)
| | - Anna Krawuczka
- Department of Gerontology and Geriatric Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences in Katowice, Medical University of Silesia,40−752 Katowice, Poland; (A.M.); (A.K.)
| | - Ewelina Kolarczyk
- Department of Propaedeutics of Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences in Katowice, Medical University in Silesia, 40−752 Katowice, Poland
- Correspondence: ; Tel.: +48-32-252-8006
| | - Izabella Uchmanowicz
- Division of Nursing in Internal Medicine Procedures, Department of Clinical Nursing, Faculty of Health Sciences, Wroclaw Medical University, 51-618 Wroclaw, Poland;
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