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Li R, Zheng S, Zhang Y, Zhang H, Du L, Cheng L, Li H, Zhang W, Du K, He W, Zhang W. Quantitative assessment of thenar to evaluate hand function after stroke by Bayes discriminant. BMC Musculoskelet Disord 2023; 24:682. [PMID: 37644487 PMCID: PMC10463400 DOI: 10.1186/s12891-023-06789-w] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/09/2023] [Accepted: 08/09/2023] [Indexed: 08/31/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND The incidence rate of stroke or cerebrovascular accidents ranks first in China. More than 85% of stroke patients have residual upper limb motor dysfunction, especially hand dysfunction. Normalizing the rehabilitation evaluation process and standard quantitative evaluation method is a complex and key point in rehabilitation therapy. The study aimed to establish a function model based on the Bayes discriminant by measuring the thenar stiffness with shear wave elastography (SWE) to quantitatively evaluate the hand motor function of hemiplegic patients after stroke. METHODS This study collected 60 patients diagnosed with hemiplegia after stroke from October 2021 to October 2022. Therapists used the Brunnstrom assessment (BA)scale to divide the patients into the stage. All the patients underwent the measurement of SWE examination of abductor pollicis brevis (APB), opponens pollicis (OP), flexor pollicis long tendon (FPLT), and flexor pollicis brevis (FPB) by two sonographers. The SWE change rate of four parts of the thenar area was calculated prospectively with the non-hemiplegic side as the reference, the function equation was established by the Bayes discriminant method, and the evaluation model was fitted according to the acquired training set data. Lastly, the model was verified by self-validation, cross-validation, and external data validation methods. The classification performance was evaluated regarding the area under the ROC curve (AUC), sensitivity, and specificity. RESULTS The median SWE values of the hemiplegic side of patients were lower than those of the non-hemiplegic side. According to the BA stage and SWER of APB, OP, FPLT, and FPB, our study established the Bayes discriminative model and validated it via self-validation and cross-validation methods. Then, the discriminant equation was used to validate 18 patients prospectively, the diagnostic coincidence rate was about 78.8%, and the misjudgment rate was approximately 21.2%. The AUC of the discriminant model for diagnosing BA stage I-VI was 0.928(95% CI: 0.839-1.0),0.858(95% CI: 0.748-0.969),1.0(95% CI: 1.0-1.0), 0.777(95% CI: 0.599-0.954),0.785(95% CI: 0.593-0.977) and 0.985(95% CI: 0.959-1.0), respectively. CONCLUSION This Bayes discriminant model built by measuring thenar stiffness was of diagnostic value and can provide an objective basis for evaluating clinical rehabilitation.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rui Li
- Department of Ultrasound, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 119, South Fourth Ring Road West, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Shuai Zheng
- Department of Ultrasound, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 119, South Fourth Ring Road West, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Yukang Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 119, South Fourth Ring Road West, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Hongxia Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 119, South Fourth Ring Road West, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Lijuan Du
- Department of Ultrasound, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 119, South Fourth Ring Road West, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Linggang Cheng
- Department of Ultrasound, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 119, South Fourth Ring Road West, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Hui Li
- Department of Ultrasound, Baoji City Hospital of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Baoji, China
| | - Wenkai Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 119, South Fourth Ring Road West, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Kai Du
- Department of Ultrasound, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 119, South Fourth Ring Road West, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China
| | - Wen He
- Department of Ultrasound, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 119, South Fourth Ring Road West, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China.
| | - Wei Zhang
- Department of Ultrasound, Beijing Tiantan Hospital, Capital Medical University, No. 119, South Fourth Ring Road West, Fengtai District, Beijing, 100070, China.
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Identifying Thematics in a Brain-Computer Interface Research. COMPUTATIONAL INTELLIGENCE AND NEUROSCIENCE 2023; 2023:2793211. [PMID: 36643889 PMCID: PMC9833923 DOI: 10.1155/2023/2793211] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/04/2022] [Revised: 12/21/2022] [Accepted: 12/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/05/2023]
Abstract
This umbrella review is motivated to understand the shift in research themes on brain-computer interfacing (BCI) and it determined that a shift away from themes that focus on medical advancement and system development to applications that included education, marketing, gaming, safety, and security has occurred. The background of this review examined aspects of BCI categorisation, neuroimaging methods, brain control signal classification, applications, and ethics. The specific area of BCI software and hardware development was not examined. A search using One Search was undertaken and 92 BCI reviews were selected for inclusion. Publication demographics indicate the average number of authors on review papers considered was 4.2 ± 1.8. The results also indicate a rapid increase in the number of BCI reviews from 2003, with only three reviews before that period, two in 1972, and one in 1996. While BCI authors were predominantly Euro-American in early reviews, this shifted to a more global authorship, which China dominated by 2020-2022. The review revealed six disciplines associated with BCI systems: life sciences and biomedicine (n = 42), neurosciences and neurology (n = 35), and rehabilitation (n = 20); (2) the second domain centred on the theme of functionality: computer science (n = 20), engineering (n = 28) and technology (n = 38). There was a thematic shift from understanding brain function and modes of interfacing BCI systems to more applied research novel areas of research-identified surround artificial intelligence, including machine learning, pre-processing, and deep learning. As BCI systems become more invasive in the lives of "normal" individuals, it is expected that there will be a refocus and thematic shift towards increased research into ethical issues and the need for legal oversight in BCI application.
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Jiang LH, Zhao LJ, Liu Y, Zhang H, Zhang SC, Cong WQ, Qi R. Effectiveness of Tai Chi Yunshou motor imagery training for hemiplegic upper extremity motor function in poststroke patients: study protocol for a randomized clinical trial. Trials 2022; 23:329. [PMID: 35449109 PMCID: PMC9022298 DOI: 10.1186/s13063-022-06283-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2021] [Accepted: 04/05/2022] [Indexed: 11/18/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Evidence concerning the effect of Tai Chi Yunshou motor imagery training (TCY-MIT) on upper extremity motor function (UE-MF) recovery in poststroke patients is lacking, and few studies have examined the neural mechanisms of MIT. The study was designed to assess the effectiveness of TCY-MIT and its possible neural mechanisms. Methods/design The study is an assessor-blinded, parallel, superiority, randomized clinical trial. A total of 78 eligible participants will be randomly assigned to 2 groups in a 1:1 ratio. Participants in the control group will receive (conventional rehabilitation therapies) CRTs for 40 min per day, 6 days per week, for 3 weeks. Participants in the intervention group will receive CRTs combined with TCY-MIT (30 min per day, 6 days per week, for 3 weeks). The primary outcome measure is the Fugl-Meyer Assessment of Upper Extremity. Secondary outcome measures are the Box and Block Test, muscle strength test, modified Barthel index, and Pearson correlation coefficients. All outcomes will be assessed at baseline, after completion of the intervention (1, 2, and 3 weeks), and at the end of follow-up (2 months). The outcome assessor will be blinded to the group allocation of the participants. Discussion We expect this assessor-blinded, parallel, superiority, randomized clinical trial to explore the effectiveness of TCY-MIT combined with CRTs compared with CRTs alone for UE-MF in poststroke patients. Trial registration Chinese Clinical Trial Registry ID: ChiCTR2100048868. Registered on 19 July 2021 Supplementary Information The online version contains supplementary material available at 10.1186/s13063-022-06283-z.
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Affiliation(s)
- Lin Hong Jiang
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, Shanghai, 200437, China.,Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine, Shanghai, 201203, China
| | - Li Juan Zhao
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, Shanghai, 200437, China
| | - Yang Liu
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, Shanghai, 200437, China
| | - Hong Zhang
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, Shanghai, 200437, China
| | - Si Cong Zhang
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, Shanghai, 200437, China
| | - Wei Qin Cong
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, Shanghai, 200437, China
| | - Rui Qi
- Shanghai University of Traditional Chinese Medicine Yueyang Hospital of Integrated Traditional Chinese Medicine and Western Medicine, Shanghai, 200437, China.
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