Farquhar HJ, Beckert L, Edwards AL, Matteson EL, Frampton CMA, Ganly E, Yetton R, Thiessen R, Haslett J, Bucknall D, Stamp LK. Rheumatoid interstitial lung disease in Canterbury, Aotearoa New Zealand - A retrospective cohort study.
Semin Arthritis Rheum 2024;
64:152359. [PMID:
38157761 DOI:
10.1016/j.semarthrit.2023.152359]
[Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/11/2023] [Revised: 11/28/2023] [Accepted: 12/18/2023] [Indexed: 01/03/2024]
Abstract
BACKGROUND
Rheumatoid arthritis associated interstitial lung disease (RA-ILD), is an important extra-articular manifestation of rheumatoid arthritis (RA). The frequency, risk factors, and prognosis of RA-ILD are incompletely understood.
AIMS
To determine the prevalence and incidence, clinical characteristics and risk factors for development, and outcomes of persons with RA-ILD in the population of the Canterbury District Health Board (CDHB) catchment area.
METHODS
Individuals aged ≥ 18 years with RA, resident in the CDHB catchment area between 1 January 2006 and 31 December 2008 (Period One), and 1 January 2011 to 31 December 2013 (Period Two) were identified by medical record review and followed until 30 June 2019. Individuals with RA-ILD as defined by pre-specified criteria were identified. The association between demographic and clinical characteristics and RA-ILD development and mortality was examined using Cox-proportional hazards models.
RESULTS
The prevalence of RA-ILD per 100,000 was 10.97 (95 % CI 7.53,14.42) for Period One, and 14.74 (95 % CI 10.84,18.63) for Period Two. Among individuals evaluated for risk factors for RA-ILD development, the estimated cumulative incidence of ILD at 10 years was 4.47 % (95 % CI 3.14, 6.14). After adjusting for age, rheumatoid factor positivity (HR 3.73, 95 % CI, 1.32,10.56), extra-articular manifestations other than RA-ILD (HR 4.48, 95 % CI 2.36,8.48), and subcutaneous rheumatoid nodules (HR 4.66, 95 % CI 2.34, 9.26) were associated with increased risk of developing RA-ILD. The standardised mortality ratio for RA-ILD was 3.90 (95 % CI 2.55,5.72) compared to the general population. Extent of ILD on CT chest was associated with mortality (HR for >20% vs. < 20 % 4.47, 95 % CI 1.67,11.96).
CONCLUSIONS
Clinically evident RA-ILD occurred in approximately 5 % of individuals with RA. Mortality was increased almost fourfold compared to the general population. Radiologic extent was the most important prognostic factor.
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