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Rico Bini R. Effectiveness of a 3D bike fitting method in riding pain, fatigue and comfort: a randomised controlled clinical trial. Sports Biomech 2023:1-2. [PMID: 36849423 DOI: 10.1080/14763141.2023.2173084] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 03/01/2023]
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Dias Scoz R, Rui de Oliveira P, Chamorro Pelegrina C, Hespanhol L, Augusto Melo-Silva C, Filipe Teixeira de Júdice A, João Baltazar Mendes J, Maia Alves Ferreira L, Ferreira Amorim C. Effectiveness of a 3D bikefitting method in riding pain, fatigue, and comfort: a randomized controlled clinical trial. Sports Biomech 2022:1-14. [PMID: 36408812 DOI: 10.1080/14763141.2022.2140701] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/05/2022] [Accepted: 10/20/2022] [Indexed: 11/22/2022]
Abstract
To investigate the effects of bike fitting compared to qualitative-based riding posture recommendations on comfort, fatigue, and pain in amateur cyclists. This was a randomised controlled parallel trial of 162 amateur cyclists divided into two groups: bike fitting group (BFG) - participants received a bike fitting session based on 3D kinematic assessments; and a control group (QG) - participants who received a handout containing qualitative-based cycling posture recommendations. Primary outcomes were perceived comfort (FEEL Scale), perceived fatigue (OMNI Scale), and perceived pain (numeric rating pain scale, NRPS). Outcomes were assessed at baseline, when the interventions were delivered, and after 15 days. Intention-to-treat analyses were conducted using student t-tests between pre and post intervention on both groups. All dependent variables from BFG displayed significant statistical difference between both groups post-intervention (p < 0.05). FEEL Scale and OMNI Scale results showed the highest changes of all variables under analysis (mean differences of 3.12 and 3.95 points, respectively); while the body parts with more reduction in riding pain were Groin and Back (mean differences of 1.68 and 1.35, respectively). In conclusion, 3D kinematic bikefit demonstrated superior improvements over riding pain, comfort and fatigue compared to qualitative riding posture recommendations.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robson Dias Scoz
- Masters and Doctoral Programs in Physical Therapy, Universidade Cidade de São Paulo (UNICID), São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Paulo Rui de Oliveira
- Masters and Doctoral Programs in Physical Therapy, Universidade Cidade de São Paulo (UNICID), São Paulo, Brazil
| | | | - Luiz Hespanhol
- Masters and Doctoral Programs in Physical Therapy, Universidade Cidade de São Paulo (UNICID), São Paulo, Brazil
- Amsterdam Collaboration on Health & Safety in Sports, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam University Medical Centers - Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
| | - Cesar Augusto Melo-Silva
- Amsterdam Collaboration on Health & Safety in Sports, Department of Public and Occupational Health, Amsterdam Movement Sciences, Amsterdam University Medical Centers - Vrije Universiteit Amsterdam, Amsterdam, The Netherlands
- Programa de Graduação em Ciências Médicas, Faculdade de Medicina, Universidade de Brasília, Brasil
| | | | | | | | - Cesar Ferreira Amorim
- Masters and Doctoral Programs in Physical Therapy, Universidade Cidade de São Paulo (UNICID), São Paulo, Brazil
- Departamento de Fisioterapia, Hospital Universitário de Brasília, Brasil
- Centro de Investigação Interdisciplinar Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Instituto Universitário Egas Moniz, Caparica, Portugal
- Laboratoire de Recherche BioNR, Université du Quebec a Chicoutimi, Saguenay, Canada
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Scoz RD, de Oliveira PR, Santos CS, Pinto JR, Melo-Silva CA, de Júdice AFT, Mendes JJB, Ferreira LMA, Amorim CF. Long-Term Effects of a Kinematic Bikefitting Method on Pain, Comfort, and Fatigue: A Prospective Cohort Study. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:12949. [PMID: 36232250 PMCID: PMC9564639 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191912949] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/08/2022] [Revised: 10/06/2022] [Accepted: 10/07/2022] [Indexed: 06/16/2023]
Abstract
The purpose of this study is to analyze the long-term riders' subjective responses to a standardized bikefitting method on their bicycles. Eighty-six amateur mountain bikers had their riding posture and bicycle components ergonomically adjusted through a 3D kinematic bikefitting method. Validated subjective scales (Feeling, OMNI, and Numerical Rating Pain Scale) were used to assess their overall riding comfort and fatigue along with localized pain for six body parts. Data were collected just before intervention (baseline or pre), immediately after (or post), and 30, 60, 90, and 120 days after the bikefit session. A Student's t-test comparing before bikefit and after 120 days showed significant (p < 0.05) reduction in localized pain for all six body parts and riding comfort along with a large effect size effect (d = 1.18) for riding comfort. Although initially reduced, fatigue scores gradually increased over the months, showing a high correlation (r = 0.946) with increased monthly training volume. In conclusion, overall riding discomfort and pain were significantly decreased after a standardized kinematic bikefit session even after 120 days post intervention. However, fatigue scores began to rise after 30 days, showing a high correlation with increasing monthly training volume.
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Affiliation(s)
- Robson Dias Scoz
- Programs in Physical Therapy, University City of Sao Paulo (UNICID), Sao Paulo 05508-030, Brazil
| | - Paulo Rui de Oliveira
- Programs in Physical Therapy, University City of Sao Paulo (UNICID), Sao Paulo 05508-030, Brazil
| | - Cleyton Salvego Santos
- Programs in Physical Therapy, University City of Sao Paulo (UNICID), Sao Paulo 05508-030, Brazil
| | - Júlia Ribeiro Pinto
- Programs in Physical Therapy, University City of Sao Paulo (UNICID), Sao Paulo 05508-030, Brazil
| | - Cesar Augusto Melo-Silva
- Medical Sciences Program, Brasilia University, Brasilia 70910-900, Brazil
- Physiotherapy Department, University Hospital of Brasília, Brasilia 70840-901, Brazil
| | - André Filipe Teixeira de Júdice
- Interdisciplinary Investigation Center Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Laboratory of Physical and Functional Assessment in Physiotherapy (LAFFFi), 2829-511 Monte de Caparica, Setubal, Portugal
| | - José João Baltazar Mendes
- Interdisciplinary Investigation Center Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Laboratory of Physical and Functional Assessment in Physiotherapy (LAFFFi), 2829-511 Monte de Caparica, Setubal, Portugal
| | - Luciano Maia Alves Ferreira
- Interdisciplinary Investigation Center Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Laboratory of Physical and Functional Assessment in Physiotherapy (LAFFFi), 2829-511 Monte de Caparica, Setubal, Portugal
| | - César Ferreira Amorim
- Programs in Physical Therapy, University City of Sao Paulo (UNICID), Sao Paulo 05508-030, Brazil
- Interdisciplinary Investigation Center Egas Moniz (CiiEM), Laboratory of Physical and Functional Assessment in Physiotherapy (LAFFFi), 2829-511 Monte de Caparica, Setubal, Portugal
- Research Laboratory BioNR, Physical Therapy Department, Quebec University, Saguenay, QC G7H2B1, Canada
- Lab Corinthians R9, Sport Club Corinthians Paulista, Sao Paulo 03828-000, Brazil
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Muthiah A, Lee YC. Comparative Analysis of Male Cyclist Population in Four Asia Countries for Anthropometric Measurements. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF ENVIRONMENTAL RESEARCH AND PUBLIC HEALTH 2022; 19:10078. [PMID: 36011711 PMCID: PMC9408745 DOI: 10.3390/ijerph191610078] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/15/2022] [Revised: 08/09/2022] [Accepted: 08/13/2022] [Indexed: 06/15/2023]
Abstract
This study aimed to compare the anthropometric variables of male cyclist samples from India, China, Singapore, and Taiwan. The cyclist's body dimensions were measured among 413 randomly chosen males (aged between 18 to 60), which included 104 Indians, 106 Taiwanese, 100 Singaporeans, and 103 Chinese. Based on the previous research articles, the considered 17 anthropometric variables were weight, stature, BMI, buttock extension, shoulder height (sitting), shoulder-elbow length, elbow height (sitting), lower leg length, knee height, acromion-grip length, hand length, elbow-hand length, buttock-popliteal length, buttock-knee length, elbow-to-elbow breadth, hip breadth (sitting), and foot breadth. Using statistical techniques (descriptive statistics, the Mann-Whitney U test, and Kruskal-Wallis H test), the data were analysed in SPSS, version 25.0. The results of the statistical analyses showed significant differences among the cyclists across selected anthropometric characteristics, except for the weight and sitting-related anthropometric measurements. The outcome of the descriptive statistics (percentile values), such as the percentile range (5th to 95th percentile), could be applied to the seat-height adjustment system to cover 95% of the bicyclist population. These types of implantation could enhance the ergonomic benefits for the bicyclist.
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Affiliation(s)
- Arunachalam Muthiah
- School of Industrial Design, Karanavathi University, Gandhinagar 342422, Gujarat, India
| | - Yu-Chi Lee
- College of Management and Design, Ming Chi University of Technology, New Taipei City 243303, Taiwan
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Strength Level of Professional Elite Soccer Players after the COVID-19 Lockdown Period: A Retrospective Double-Arm Cohort Study. JOURNAL OF SPORTS MEDICINE (HINDAWI PUBLISHING CORPORATION) 2022; 2022:8242210. [PMID: 35252459 PMCID: PMC8892033 DOI: 10.1155/2022/8242210] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/01/2021] [Revised: 12/20/2021] [Accepted: 01/24/2022] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
Background It is well known that periods of inactivity generate a loss of muscle strength, a fundamental component of sports performance in soccer. However, little information is available on the decrease in strength levels in professional soccer players after the quarantine lockdown that occurred during the COVID-19 pandemic. Aim To compare the isokinetic peak torque profiles of professional soccer players from different teams before and after the quarantine period generated by COVID-19. Methods A retrospective observational study was performed using data collected from two different professional elite-level soccer teams just before and immediately after the COVID-19 quarantine period. One team gave individual instructions to its players for conditioning maintenance at home during the quarantine period, while the other team used regular video calls to maintain the player's conditioning status on home training. The main outcomes were the mean peak torque of knee extensors and flexors, from concentric and eccentric contractions of each playing position. Analysis. A two-way ANOVA analysis was used to compare peak torque before and after the quarantine period and between both teams' strategies, showing a statistically significant reduction in eccentric knee flexor peak torque from the team that did not have remote monitoring. Conclusions Remote monitoring programs are recommended so that athletes are less affected by the deleterious effects of confinement.
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Bini R, Priego-Quesada J. Methods to determine saddle height in cycling and implications of changes in saddle height in performance and injury risk: A systematic review. J Sports Sci 2021; 40:386-400. [PMID: 34706617 DOI: 10.1080/02640414.2021.1994727] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 10/20/2022]
Abstract
The objective of this systematic review was to assess the methods to determine bicycle saddle height and the effects of saddle height on cycling performance and injury risk outcomes. The key motivator of this review was to update and expand the finding reported by a previous narrative review published in 2011. The literature search included all documents from the following databases: Medline, Scopus, CINAHL, OVID and Google Scholar. Studies were screened against the Appraisal tool for Cross-sectional Studies to assess methodological quality and risk of bias. After screening the initial 29,398 articles identified, full-text screening was performed on 66 studies with 41 of these included in the systematic review. Strong evidence suggests that saddle height should be configured using dynamic measurements of the knee angle, and limb kinematics is influenced by changes in saddle height. However, moderate evidence suggests that changes in saddle height less than 4% of the leg length results in trivial to small changes in lower limb loads, and no effect on oxygen uptake and efficiency. It is also possible to state that there is limited evidence on the effects from changes in saddle height on supramaximal cycling performance or injury risk.
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Affiliation(s)
- Rodrigo Bini
- La Trobe Rural Health School, La Trobe University, Bendigo, Australia.,Sports Performance Research Institute New Zealand, AUT University, Auckland, New Zealand
| | - Jose Priego-Quesada
- Research Group in Sports Biomechanics (Gibd), Department of Physical Education and Sports, University of Valencia, Valencia, Spain
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