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Daboul SM, Abusamak M, Mohammad BA, Alsayed AR, Habash M, Mosleh I, Al-Shakhshir S, Issa R, Abu-Samak M. The effect of omega-3 supplements on the serum levels of ACE/ACE2 ratio as a potential key in cardiovascular disease: A randomized clinical trial in participants with vitamin D deficiency. Pharm Pract (Granada) 2023; 21:2761. [PMID: 37090459 PMCID: PMC10117361 DOI: 10.18549/pharmpract.2023.1.2761] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/26/2022] [Accepted: 11/03/2022] [Indexed: 04/25/2023] Open
Abstract
Objective The aim of this randomized controlled clinical trial was to determine the effect of the omega-3 fatty acid supplementations 300 mg per day for 8 weeks on the serum levels of ACE/ACE2 ratio in Jordanian participants with vitamin D deficiency (VDD). Methods The physical and clinical characteristic of individuals in both intervention and control randomized controlled clinical trial were measured and analyzed. The comparisons between the two groups and the changes in each group before and after taking omega-3 doses were studied through independent t test and paired t test, respectively. Possible factors that have a role in the changes were determined by multivariate stepwise regression. Follow-up period lasted 10 weeks. Results The sample consisted of 82 participants with VDD and a mean age of 37.85 ± 9.85 years. Omega-3 Supplements resulted in a significant decrease in serum ACE levels, ACE/ACE2 ratio and serum 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25OHD). While the change in serum ACE2 levels and serum triglycerides levels were insignificant. Also, a significant increase in serum LDL levels were observed. Conclusion It is possible that taking high doses of omega-3 fatty acid supplementations have positive effects on the heart and circulatory system and could protect from COVID-19 or decrease disease severity, in connection with a decrease in the ACE/ACE 2 ratio. On the other hand, omega-3 supplement may have negative effect on cardiovascular system due to the significant increase in serum LDL levels.
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Affiliation(s)
- Sara M Daboul
- MSc. Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Applied Science Private University, Jordan.
| | - Mohammad Abusamak
- MD. Assistant Professor, Department of Surgery, School of Medicine, Al-Balqa Applied University, As-Salt, Jordan, Amman Eye Clinic, Amman, Jordan.
| | - Beisan A Mohammad
- PhD. Assistant Professor, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Fakeeh College for Medical Sciences, Jeddah, Saudi
| | - Ahmad R Alsayed
- PhD. Associate Professor, Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan.
| | - Maha Habash
- PhD. Assistant Professor, Michael Sayegh, Faculty of Pharmacy, Aqaba University of Technology, Aqaba, Jordan.
| | - Ibrahim Mosleh
- PhD. Professor, Departments of Clinical Laboratories, Jordan University, Amman, Jordan.
| | - Sami Al-Shakhshir
- PhD. Assistant Professor, Michael Sayegh, Faculty of Pharmacy, Aqaba University of Technology, Aqaba, Jordan.
| | - Reem Issa
- PhD. Associate Professor, Department of Pharmaceutical Sciences, Pharmacological and Diagnostic Research Center (PDRC), Faculty of Pharmacy, Al-Ahliyya Amman University, Amman 19328, Jordan.
| | - Mahmoud Abu-Samak
- PhD. Professor, Department of Clinical Pharmacy and Therapeutics, Faculty of Pharmacy, Applied Science Private University, Amman, Jordan.
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Sharma K, Singh P, Amjad Beg M, Dohare R, Athar F, Ali Syed M. Revealing new therapeutic opportunities in hypertension through network-driven integrative genetic analysis and drug target prediction approach. Gene 2021; 801:145856. [PMID: 34293449 DOI: 10.1016/j.gene.2021.145856] [Citation(s) in RCA: 2] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Revised: 06/17/2021] [Accepted: 07/15/2021] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies have established that untreated hypertension (HTN) is a major independent risk factor for developing cardiovascular diseases (CVD), stroke, renal failure, and other conditions. Several important studies have been published to prevent and manage HTN; however, antihypertensive agents' optimal choice remains controversial. Therefore, the present study is undertaken to update our knowledge in the primary treatment of HTN, specifically in the setting of other three important diseases. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are remarkably stable short endogenous conserved non-coding RNAs that bind to the mRNA at its (3' UTR) to regulate its gene expression by causing translational repression or mRNA degradation. Through their coordinated activities on different pathways and networks, individual miRNAs control normal and pathological cellular processes. Therefore, to identify the critical miRNA-mRNA-TF interactions, we performed systematic bioinformatics analysis. We have also employed the molecular modelling and docking approach to identify the therapeutic target that delivers novel empathies into Food and Drug Administration approved and herbal drug response physiology. Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) was employed to identify the differentially expressed genes (DEGs) and hub genes- KNG1, HLA-DPB1, CXCL8, IL1B, and BCL2. The HTN associated feed-forward loop (FFL) network included miR-9-5p, KNG1 and AR. We employed high throughput screening to get the best interacting compounds, telmisartan and limonin, that provided a significant docking score (-13.3 and -12.0 kcal/mol) and a potential protective effect that may help to combat the impact of HTN. The present study provides novel insight into HTN etiology through the identification of mRNAs and miRNAs and associated pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Kavita Sharma
- Translational Research Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Prithvi Singh
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Md Amjad Beg
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Ravins Dohare
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India.
| | - Fareeda Athar
- Centre for Interdisciplinary Research in Basic Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India
| | - Mansoor Ali Syed
- Translational Research Lab, Department of Biotechnology, Faculty of Natural Sciences, Jamia Millia Islamia, New Delhi 110025, India.
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Thu WPP, Sundström-Poromaa I, Logan S, Kramer MS, Yong EL. Blood pressure and adiposity in midlife Singaporean women. Hypertens Res 2021; 44:561-570. [PMID: 33420474 DOI: 10.1038/s41440-020-00600-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2020] [Revised: 10/13/2020] [Accepted: 10/19/2020] [Indexed: 01/29/2023]
Abstract
Hypertension is a major risk factor for cardiac events and stroke. Visceral adipose tissue (VAT) is known to increase the risk of incident hypertension in adults. Although adiposity has been linked to markers of inflammation, few studies have examined these markers as potential mediators of the association between visceral adiposity and elevated blood pressure. We evaluated sociodemographic, reproductive, and lifestyle risk factors for elevated blood pressure among midlife Singaporean women. A total of 1189 women, with a mean age of 56.3 ± 6.2 years, from the Integrated Women's Health Program (IWHP) at National University Hospital, Singapore were studied. Hypothesized risk factors and levels of inflammatory markers were examined in relation to systolic blood pressure (SBP) and diastolic blood pressure (DBP) using multivariable linear regression models. Prehypertension (SBP 120-139 mmHg and/or DBP 80-89 mmHg) and hypertension (SBP ≥140 mmHg and/or DBP ≥90 mmHg) were observed in 518 (43.6%) and 313 (26.3%) women, respectively. Compared to women in the lowest tertiles, women in the middle and upper tertiles of VAT had 7.1 (95% CI, 4.4, 9.8) mmHg and 10.2 (95% CI, 6.7, 13.7) mmHg higher adjusted SBP, respectively. Nulliparous older women with a lower education level and those with no or mild hot flashes also had a significantly higher adjusted SBP. No significant independent risk factors were observed for DBP. Adjustments for IL-6, TNF-α, and hs-CRP did not attenuate the association between VAT and SBP. In summary, we found an independent positive association between VAT and SBP. Elevated levels of inflammatory markers did not mediate the increase in SBP in women with high VAT.
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Affiliation(s)
- Win Pa Pa Thu
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Hospital, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119228, Singapore
| | - Inger Sundström-Poromaa
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Hospital, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119228, Singapore.,Department of Women's and Children's Health, Uppsala University, 751 85, Uppsala, Sweden
| | - Susan Logan
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Hospital, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119228, Singapore
| | - Michael S Kramer
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Hospital, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119228, Singapore.,Departments of Epidemiology, Biostatistics & Occupational Health and of Pediatrics, McGill University Faculty of Medicine, Montreal, QC, H3G 1Y6, Canada
| | - Eu-Leong Yong
- Department of Obstetrics and Gynecology, Yong Loo Lin School of Medicine, National University Hospital, National University of Singapore, Singapore, 119228, Singapore.
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Inflammation and hypertension: more evidence but is there anything new? J Hum Hypertens 2020; 35:561-563. [PMID: 33288857 DOI: 10.1038/s41371-020-00463-7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/19/2020] [Revised: 11/09/2020] [Accepted: 11/25/2020] [Indexed: 11/08/2022]
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Rothman AM, MacFadyen J, Thuren T, Webb A, Harrison DG, Guzik TJ, Libby P, Glynn RJ, Ridker PM. Effects of Interleukin-1β Inhibition on Blood Pressure, Incident Hypertension, and Residual Inflammatory Risk: A Secondary Analysis of CANTOS. Hypertension 2019; 75:477-482. [PMID: 31884854 PMCID: PMC7055941 DOI: 10.1161/hypertensionaha.119.13642] [Citation(s) in RCA: 62] [Impact Index Per Article: 12.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/27/2022]
Abstract
Supplemental Digital Content is available in the text. While hypertension and inflammation are physiologically inter-related, the effect of therapies that specifically target inflammation on blood pressure is uncertain. The recent CANTOS (Canakinumab Anti-inflammatory Thrombosis Outcomes Study) afforded the opportunity to test whether IL (interleukin)-1β inhibition would reduce blood pressure, prevent incident hypertension, and modify relationships between hypertension and cardiovascular events. CANTOS randomized 10 061 patients with prior myocardial infarction and hsCRP (high sensitivity C-reactive protein) ≥2 mg/L to canakinumab 50 mg, 150 mg, 300 mg, or placebo. A total of 9549 trial participants had blood pressure recordings during follow-up; of these, 80% had a preexisting diagnosis of hypertension. In patients without baseline hypertension, rates of incident hypertension were 23.4, 26.6, and 28.1 per 100-person years for the lowest to highest baseline tertiles of hsCRP (P>0.2). In all participants random allocation to canakinumab did not reduce blood pressure (P>0.2) or incident hypertension during the follow-up period (hazard ratio, 0.96 [0.85–1.08], P>0.2). IL-1β inhibition with canakinumab reduces major adverse cardiovascular event rates. These analyses suggest that the mechanisms underlying this benefit are not related to changes in blood pressure or incident hypertension.
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Affiliation(s)
- Alexander Mk Rothman
- From the Department of Cardiology, Chesterman Cardiothoracic Unit, Northern General Hospital, Sheffield, United Kingdom (A.M.K.R.).,Department of Infection, Immunity and Cardiovascular Disease, University of Sheffield, United Kingdom (A.M.K.R.)
| | - Jean MacFadyen
- Center for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention (J.M., R.J.G., P.M.R.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Tom Thuren
- Novartis Pharmaceutical Corporation, One Health Plaza, East Hanover, NJ (T.T.)
| | - Alastair Webb
- Centre for Prevention of Stroke and Dementia, Department of Clinical Neurosciences, University of Oxford, United Kingdom (A.W.)
| | | | - Tomasz J Guzik
- Institute of Cardiovascular and Medical Research, Queen Elizabeth University Hospital, University of Glasgow (T.J.G.).,Department of Medicine, Jagiellonian University, School of Medicine, Cracow, Poland (T.J.G.)
| | - Peter Libby
- Cardiovascular Division (P.L.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Robert J Glynn
- Center for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention (J.M., R.J.G., P.M.R.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
| | - Paul M Ridker
- Center for Cardiovascular Disease Prevention (J.M., R.J.G., P.M.R.), Brigham and Women's Hospital, Harvard Medical School, Boston, MA
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Otto CM. Heartbeat: Primary care delays in heart failure diagnosis. BRITISH HEART JOURNAL 2019; 105:661-662. [DOI: 10.1136/heartjnl-2019-315117] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/04/2022]
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