1
|
Zhang J, Zhu X, Sun Z, Wang J, Sun Z, Li J, Huang Y, Wang T, Xie R, Han H, Zhao X, Song Y, Guo M, Yang T, Zhang H, He K, Li Y, Lei Y, Zhu Y, Cui B, Miao Y, Huang B, Brant R, Yan H. Epidemiology of Sports-Related Eye Injuries Among Athletes in Tianjin, China. Front Med (Lausanne) 2021; 8:690528. [PMID: 34604250 PMCID: PMC8481368 DOI: 10.3389/fmed.2021.690528] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/03/2021] [Accepted: 08/18/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Purpose: To investigate the incidence, characteristics, and risk factors of sports-related eye injuries among athletes in Tianjin, China. Methods: A cross-sectional study was carried out from March 2018 to October 2018. In this study, the athletes from Tianjin University of Sports, Tianjin Vocational College of Sports, and Tianjin provincial sports teams were selected for general investigation. In total, 1,673 athletes were invited and 1,413 participated in the study (response rate of 84.5%). Results: In total, 1,413 athletes were enrolled; 151 had suffered from sports-related eye injuries, with an incidence of 10.7% (95% CI: 9.1–12.0%). Handball (38.5%) was the sport with the highest incidence of eye injuries, followed by water polo (36.4%) and diving (26.7%). Overall, 42.4% of the athletes were injured by ball and 22.5% of injuries came from teammates. The eye injuries usually occurred during training (64.2%) and competitions (14.6%). Adnexa wound (51.7%) was the most common type of injury. About 11.9% of the athletes with eye injuries had the impaired vision; 66.7% failed to see doctors on time. The athletes <18 years of age had a higher risk of eye injuries (odds ratio [OR] =1.60, 95% CI: 1.06–2.40). The athletes with lower family income (<1,000 RMB) were at risk population for sports-related eye injuries (OR = 3.91, 95% CI: 2.24–6.82). Training >4 h a day increased the risk of eye injuries (OR = 2.21, 95% CI: 1.42–3.43). Conclusion: The incidence of sports-related eye injuries among athletes was 10.7% in Tianjin, China. Handball, water polo, and diving were the most common activities of injury. Age, family income, and training time were the risk factors for sports-related eye injuries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Jingkai Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xinlei Zhu
- Shandong Eye Institute, Shandong First Medical University and Shandong Academy of Medical Sciences, Qingdao, China
| | - Zhiyong Sun
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Jiaxing Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Emory University, Atlanta, GA, United States
| | - Zhuoyu Sun
- Department of Epidemiology and Statistics, School of Public Health, Tianjin Medical University, Tianjin, China
| | - Jianan Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yunli Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Tian Wang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Ruotian Xie
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Han Han
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Xiao Zhao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yinting Song
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Miao Guo
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Tiantian Yang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Haokun Zhang
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Kai He
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yiming Li
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yi Lei
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yanfang Zhu
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Bohao Cui
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Yuyang Miao
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| | - Bo Huang
- Department of Ophthalmology, University of Mississippi Medical Center, Jackson, MS, United States
| | - Rodrigo Brant
- Department of Ophthalmology and Visual Sciences, Federal University of São Paulo, São Paulo, Brazil
| | - Hua Yan
- Department of Ophthalmology, Tianjin Medical University General Hospital, Tianjin, China
| |
Collapse
|
2
|
MEDIAL CUTANEOUS NERVE OF THE CALF NEUROPATHY DUE TO PAINTBALL TRAUMA. Am J Phys Med Rehabil 2021; 100:e178-e179. [PMID: 34091471 DOI: 10.1097/phm.0000000000001800] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
|
3
|
Buzzacott P, Schiller D, Crain J, Denoble PJ. Epidemiology of morbidity and mortality in US and Canadian recreational scuba diving. Public Health 2018; 155:62-68. [PMID: 29306625 DOI: 10.1016/j.puhe.2017.11.011] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/23/2017] [Revised: 10/30/2017] [Accepted: 11/12/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022]
Abstract
OBJECTIVES This study investigates morbidity and mortality suffered by divers in the USA and Canada. STUDY DESIGN Prospectively recruited probability-weighted sample for estimating the national burden of injury and a weighted retrospective survey for estimating exposure. METHODS The National Electronic Surveillance System and Canadian Hospitals Injury Reporting and Prevention Program (CHIRPP) were searched for scuba diving injuries. The Divers Alert Network diving fatality database was searched for deaths, and Sports and Fitness Industry Association estimates for diving were obtained from annual surveys. RESULTS In the USA, there were an estimated 1394 emergency department (ED) presentations annually for scuba-related injuries. The majority (80%) were treated and/or released. There were an estimated 306 million dives made by the US residents 2006-2015 and concurrently 563 recreational diving deaths, a fatality rate of 0.18 per 105 dives and 1.8 per 105 diver-years. There were 658 diving deaths in the US 2006-2015 and 13,943 ED presentations for scuba injuries, giving a ratio of 47 diving deaths in the USA for every 1000 ED presentations. There were 98 cases of scuba-related injuries identified in the CHIRPP data. The prevalence of scuba-related injuries for patients aged 3-17 years was 1.5 per 105 cases, and the prevalence of scuba-related injuries to patients 18-62 years was 16.5 per 105 cases. DISCUSSION In Canada and the USA, only one out of every 10,000 ED presentations is due to a scuba-related injury. That there are 47 deaths for every 1000 ED presentations for scuba injuries speaks to the relatively unforgiving environment in which scuba diving takes place. For 1.8 deaths per million recreational dives, mortality in scuba diving is nonetheless relatively low.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- P Buzzacott
- Divers Alert Network, 6 Est Colony Place, Durham, NC, 27705, USA; School of Sport Science, Exercise and Health, The University of Western Australia, 35 Stirling Highway, Perth, 6009, Australia.
| | - D Schiller
- Sports Marketing Surveys, 6650 W Indiantown Road, Jupiter, FL, 33458, USA.
| | - J Crain
- Injury and Healthy Living Section, Public Health Agency of Canada, 785 Carling Avenue, 7th Floor, Ottawa, ON, K1A 0K9, Canada.
| | - P J Denoble
- Divers Alert Network, 6 Est Colony Place, Durham, NC, 27705, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
4
|
Moon S, Ryoo HW, Ahn JY, Park JB, Seo KS, Shin SD, Song KJ, Lee KH, Yoo IS, Cho JS, Ryu HH, Jeong TO, Yeom SR, Kim YT, Hong SO. Analysis on sports and recreation activity-related eye injuries presenting to the Emergency Department. Int J Ophthalmol 2016; 9:1499-1505. [PMID: 27803871 DOI: 10.18240/ijo.2016.10.22] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/28/2015] [Accepted: 01/28/2016] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
AIM To investigate the incidence and general characteristics of sports-related eye injuries in patients visiting the Emergency Department. METHODS A cross-sectional, multi-center, observational study. Patients with an injured eye who visited the Emergency Department at one of nine hospitals in Korea were enrolled. All data were prospectively collected between March and September 2010 using a questionnaire. Eye injuries that occurred during risky sports were examined by gender and age. Additionally, the rate of open globe injuries that occurred with and without protective eyewear was examined for each activity. Continuous variables were compared using Student's t-test and categorical variables were compared using Chi-square test. RESULTS A total of 446 patients had sports-related eye injuries. Teenagers (10-19 years old) and young adults (20-29 years old) had the most eye injuries. Eye injuries accounted for 0.2% of Emergency Department patients. Baseball was the most common cause of sports-related eye injuries, followed by soccer and hiking. Protective gear was worn by 9.4% of all patients. Patients that were 30-39 years of age had the highest rate of protective gear use, followed by patients that were 40-49 years of age. The proportion of sports-related eye injuries that were open-globe injuries was highest for soccer and hiking. CONCLUSION Although injuries were most common in patients below the age of 10 years, these patients had the lowest rate of protective eyewear use. Injuries in adults over 40 years of age most commonly occurred during hiking, but the rate of protective eyewear use was low. Young athletes should be educated on and provided with protective eyewear and policies protective gear use should be established. For older adults, eye protection should be encouraged, especially during hiking.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Sungbae Moon
- Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 700-721, Korea
| | - Hyun Wook Ryoo
- Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 700-721, Korea
| | - Jae Yun Ahn
- Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 700-721, Korea
| | - Jung Bae Park
- Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 700-721, Korea
| | - Kang Suk Seo
- Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Kyungpook National University, Daegu 700-721, Korea
| | - Sang Do Shin
- Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 110-799, Korea
| | - Kyoung Jun Song
- Department of Emergency Medicine, College of Medicine, Seoul National University, Seoul 110-799, Korea
| | - Kang Hyun Lee
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Wonju College of Medicine, Yonsei University, Wonju, Gangwon-do 220-701, Korea
| | - In Sool Yoo
- Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Chungnam National University, Daejeon 301-747, Korea
| | - Jin Seong Cho
- Department of Emergency Medicine, Gachon University Gil Medical Center, Incheon 406-799, Korea
| | - Hyun Ho Ryu
- Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Chonnam National University, Gwangju 501-746, Korea
| | - Tae Oh Jeong
- Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Chonbuk National University, Jeonju, Jeollabuk-do 561-180, Korea
| | - Seok Ran Yeom
- Department of Emergency Medicine, School of Medicine, Pusan National University, Busan 602-739, Korea
| | - Young Taek Kim
- Korean Centers for Disease Control & Prevention, Cheongju, Chungcheongbuk-do 361-951, Korea
| | - Sung Ok Hong
- Korean Centers for Disease Control & Prevention, Cheongju, Chungcheongbuk-do 361-951, Korea
| |
Collapse
|
5
|
Abstract
Paintball is a popular recreational sport played at both amateur and professional level. Ocular injuries are well recognised, although there is a growing body of literature documenting superficial vascular as well as deep solid organ injuries. An 18-year-old man presented with signs and symptoms consistent with acute appendicitis. Intraoperatively, a grade III liver injury was identified and packed before a relook at 48 h. No further active bleeding was identified; however, follow-up ultrasound at 3 weeks demonstrated non-resolution of a large subcapsular haematoma. The patient was readmitted for a short period of observation and discharged with repeat ultrasound scheduled for 3 months. This represents the first report of paintball-related blunt traumatic injury to the liver. Solid organ injuries of this nature have only been reported three times previously-all in the urological setting. This case also highlights issues surrounding the use of routine follow-up imaging in blunt liver trauma and provides a concise discussion of the relevant literature.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Joshua Luck
- Department of General Surgery, North Middlesex University Hospital, London, UK
| | - Daniel Bell
- Department of Radiology, North Middlesex University Hospital, London, UK
| | - Gareth Bashir
- Department of General Surgery, North Middlesex University Hospital, London, UK
| |
Collapse
|
6
|
Lee R, Fredrick D. Pediatric eye injuries due to nonpowder guns in the United States, 2002-2012. J AAPOS 2015; 19:163-8.e1. [PMID: 25818283 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaapos.2015.01.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 27] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2014] [Revised: 12/31/2014] [Accepted: 01/26/2015] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
PURPOSE To identify epidemiologic trends in nonpowder gun-related pediatric eye injuries and to determine factors associated with severe injury requiring hospital admission. METHODS US emergency department data on pediatric eye injuries between 2002 and 2012 were reviewed using the National Electronic Injury Surveillance System. Literature review was conducted to determine trends in visual outcomes after treatment and use of eye protection. RESULTS In 2012 roughly 3,161 children were treated in US emergency departments for nonpowder gun-related eye injuries. Since 2010 rates of severe nonpowder gun pediatric eye injury have increased by over 500% (P = 0.039). Specifically, while rates of hospital admission due to paintball gun eye injury have dropped precipitously (P = 0.0077), rates of admissions for air gun eye injuries have increased by over 600% since 2010 (P = 0.033). Children sustaining eye injury due to air guns are more likely to be diagnosed and admitted with foreign body or ocular puncture injury. Roughly 28% of documented cases of airsoft or BB gun-related injury had visual acuity worse than 20/50 after initial treatment. Over 98% of injuries occurred without eye protection. CONCLUSIONS Air guns are rising in popularity and now account for the majority of pediatric eye injuries requiring hospital admissions. These eye injuries occur without ocular protection and may lead to permanent eye injury. Increasing regulations for eye protection, sales, and usage of air guns are needed to prevent serious pediatric eye injuries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Rachel Lee
- Stanford University School of Medicine, Palo Alto, California.
| | | |
Collapse
|
7
|
Measurements of Heart Rate and Accelerometry to Determine the Physical Activity Level in Boys Playing Paintball. INTERNATIONAL JOURNAL OF EXERCISE SCIENCE 2013; 6:199-207. [PMID: 27182396 PMCID: PMC4831680] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Download PDF] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/24/2022]
Abstract
Paintball is a popular recreational sport played by 3.655 million Americans and may be sufficient physical activity to promote health. Paintball has been played as an organized sport since the 1980's and is essentially a game of tag, except instead of touching an opponent by hand opponents are tagged by shooting them with a paintball that leaves a mark indicating who has been eliminated. A previous evaluation of paintball as physical activity had 13 subjects undergo a VO2max test to develop a heart rate (HR) /oxygen consumption relationship, and it was observed that heart rates during paintball were 68-73% of the measured maximal HR. The present study used accelerometry and HR monitors to evaluate the quantity and intensity of physical activity in boys playing paintball. Eleven boys (12.7 ± 1.0 y, 51.5 ± 11.3 kg, 161.8 ± 10.1 cm) engaged in a VO2max test to develop a HR/oxygen consumption correlation. On a separate day the boys played 7 games of outdoor paintball while wearing a HR monitor and accelerometer. The boys played paintball for 11.5 ± 6.2 minutes/game for a total of 80.6 ± 10.0 minutes of game play. Average HR during paintball play was 129.6 ± 6.6 beats/min, representing 39.9 ± 12.9% VO2max. Based on accelerometry, the boys accumulated 63.2 ± 15.6 minutes of moderate intensity activity and 2.6 ± 2.8 minutes of vigorous activity during paintball. These data suggest that playing paintball may be considered as physical activity that is > 3 METs, and thus health promoting.
Collapse
|
8
|
Pollard KA, Xiang H, Smith GA. Pediatric eye injuries treated in US emergency departments, 1990-2009. Clin Pediatr (Phila) 2012; 51:374-81. [PMID: 22199176 DOI: 10.1177/0009922811427583] [Citation(s) in RCA: 36] [Impact Index Per Article: 3.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/30/2022]
Abstract
This study investigates activity- and consumer product-related eye injuries treated in US hospital emergency departments among children <18 years old using National Electronic Injury Surveillance System data from 1990 through 2009. An estimated 1,406,200 (95% confidence interval = 1,223,409-1,588,992) activity- and consumer product-related pediatric eye injuries occurred during the study period, averaging 70,310 annually. The annual number of injuries declined significantly by 17%. Patients ≤ 4 years of age accounted for 32% of all injuries and had the highest mean annual eye injury rate (11.31 per 10,000 population). Eye injuries associated with sports and recreation (24%) and chemicals (17%) occurred most frequently. The majority (69%) of eye injuries occurred at home. Opportunities exist to further decrease these injuries. Pediatricians should educate child caregivers and children about risks for eye injuries in the home and about use of appropriate protective eyewear during sports.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Katherine A Pollard
- Center for Injury Research and Policy, The Research Institute at Nationwide Children's Hospital, Columbus, OH 43205, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
9
|
Affiliation(s)
- Pam Pieper
- University of Florida College ofNursing, Jacksonville, FL, USA.
| |
Collapse
|
10
|
Pahk PJ, Adelman RA. Ocular trauma resulting from paintball injury. Graefes Arch Clin Exp Ophthalmol 2008; 247:469-75. [DOI: 10.1007/s00417-008-0985-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 21] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/26/2008] [Revised: 10/07/2008] [Accepted: 10/10/2008] [Indexed: 11/30/2022] Open
|
11
|
Guerrero MA, Zhou W, El Sayed HF, Kougias P, Lin PH. Subcapsular hematoma of the kidney secondary to paintball pellet injuries. J Emerg Med 2007; 36:300-1. [PMID: 17945457 DOI: 10.1016/j.jemermed.2007.06.010] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 08/03/2005] [Revised: 08/09/2006] [Accepted: 11/06/2006] [Indexed: 10/21/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Marlon A Guerrero
- Division of Vascular Surgery and Endovascular Therapy, Michael E. DeBakey, Department of Surgery, Baylor College of Medicine, Houston, Texas 77030, USA
| | | | | | | | | |
Collapse
|
12
|
|
13
|
Abstract
PURPOSE To raise awareness of potential significant ocular damage and visual loss secondary to paintballs in those not wearing ocular protection and to report high incidence of chorioretinitis sclopetaria from paintball contusion. METHODS We reviewed cases of eye injury presenting to a single institution from 2000 to 2005. Those cases in which the injury was attributed to paintballs were identified and evaluated to determine ocular findings and visual prognosis. RESULTS Ocular paintball injuries occurred in eight male subjects and one female subject (nine eyes) with an average age of 16 years (range, 11-26). None had ocular protection at the time of ocular injury. On initial examination, vitreous haemorrhage was present in six eyes (67%), maculopathy, hyphema, cataract, and commotio retinae were each present in four eyes (44%). Two eyes suffered retinal detachment and one eye an optic nerve avulsion. Chorioretinitis sclopetaria occurred in four eyes (44%). The final visual acuity was > or =20/40 in three eyes, 20/50 to 20/150 in two eyes, and < or =20/200 in four eyes. CONCLUSION Injuries owing to paintballs can result in severe ocular damage and visual loss. Increased awareness and need for proper ocular protection should be emphasized by ophthalmologists. Chorioretinitis sclopetaria occurs with a high frequency and its presence should be recognized, as its management is different from retinal tear or detachment.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- M Taban
- Department of Ophthalmology, Cole Eye Institute, Cleveland Clinic Foundation, Cleveland, OH 44195, USA
| | | | | |
Collapse
|
14
|
Abstract
Emergency medicine plays a significant role in injury prevention through the use of public health models that link injury data to prevention programming, research, and advocacy. The day-to-day experiences in the emergency department provide a picture of the injury problem in a given community and give the emergency practitioner a real-world basis for injury prevention efforts. This article covers the basics or injury prevention, including defining the problem, discussing data and conceptual aspects of injury prevention, and systematically identifying successful approach to reducing the burden of injuries.
Collapse
Affiliation(s)
- Linda C Degutis
- Section of Emergency Medicine, Department of Surgery, Yale University School of Medicine, New Haven, CT 06520, USA.
| | | |
Collapse
|
15
|
Aboutalebi S, Stetson CL. Paintball purpura. J Am Acad Dermatol 2005; 53:901-2. [PMID: 16243154 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaad.2005.05.019] [Citation(s) in RCA: 6] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/12/2005] [Revised: 04/12/2005] [Accepted: 05/03/2005] [Indexed: 11/27/2022]
|