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Moore ME, Aguilera NS, Obiorah I, Williams E, Courville E. Assessment for acceleration and transformation of chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma using histologic and immunohistochemical features: a case series. J Hematop 2024:10.1007/s12308-024-00598-3. [PMID: 39042242 DOI: 10.1007/s12308-024-00598-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/22/2024] [Accepted: 07/15/2024] [Indexed: 07/24/2024] Open
Abstract
Morphologic features of aggressive/ "accelerated" chronic lymphocytic leukemia/small lymphocytic lymphoma (aCLL/SLL) have been described. Richter transformation (RT) also occurs in a subset of CLL/SLL cases. This case series examined inter-observer variability when assessing for aCLL/SLL and RT, with attention to how immunohistochemical (IHC) markers may assist in this evaluation. Twelve cases of CLL/SLL with available FFPE tissue were identified. H&E staining and IHC (CD3, CD20, CD5, CD23, LEF1, LAG3, C-MYC, PD-1, MUM1, Cyclin D1, BCL-6, p53, and Ki-67) were performed. Three hematopathologists reviewed each case. The pathologists provided a final interpretation of (1) CLL/SLL, (2) CLL/SLL with expanded and/or confluent proliferation centers or increased Ki-67 (aCLL/SLL), or (3) large cell transformation/DLBCL. The pathologists lacked consensus in the diagnosis in 6/12 cases (50%). The reviewers disagreed on the presence of expanded/confluent proliferation centers in 8/12 cases (67%). With the exception of Ki-67, no IHC marker showed a difference in the staining profile in aCLL/SLL or RT compared to low-grade cases. This series showed inter-observer variability in the evaluation for aCLL/SLL and RT. A study that serially examines genetic alterations in FFPE tissue and correlates the features with histology and IHC, at diagnosis and throughout the disease course, may help refine indicators of aggressive disease.
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Affiliation(s)
- Margaret E Moore
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Virginia, 1215 Lee Street, 3rdFloor Hospital Expansion, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA.
| | - Nadine S Aguilera
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Virginia, 1215 Lee Street, 3rdFloor Hospital Expansion, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Ifeyinwa Obiorah
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Virginia, 1215 Lee Street, 3rdFloor Hospital Expansion, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Eli Williams
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Virginia, 1215 Lee Street, 3rdFloor Hospital Expansion, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
| | - Elizabeth Courville
- Department of Pathology and Laboratory Medicine, University of Virginia, 1215 Lee Street, 3rdFloor Hospital Expansion, Charlottesville, VA, 22908, USA
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Matos DM. CD5-negative chronic lymphocytic leukemia: Does this entity really exist? CYTOMETRY. PART B, CLINICAL CYTOMETRY 2024; 106:126-137. [PMID: 38017706 DOI: 10.1002/cyto.b.22151] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/29/2023] [Revised: 10/19/2023] [Accepted: 11/07/2023] [Indexed: 11/30/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Daniel Mazza Matos
- Flow Cytometry Section, Cell Processing Center (CPC), Center of Hematology and Hemotherapy of Ceará (HEMOCE), Fortaleza, Brazil
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Zou D, Lv M, Chen Y, Niu T, Ma C, Shi C, Huang Z, Wu Y, Yang S, Wang Y, Wu N, Zhang Y, Ouyang G, Mu Q. Down-regulation of Musashi-2 exerts antileukemic effects on acute lymphoblastic leukemia cells and increases sensitivity to dexamethasone. Ann Hematol 2024; 103:141-151. [PMID: 37749318 DOI: 10.1007/s00277-023-05468-z] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/06/2022] [Accepted: 09/18/2023] [Indexed: 09/27/2023]
Abstract
Musashi-2 (MSI2), implicated in the oncogenesis and propagation of a broad array of malignancies, inclusive of certain leukemia, remains a nascent field of study within the context of acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL). Using lentiviral transfection, ALL cells with stable MSI2 knockdown were engineered. A suite of analytic techniques - a CCK-8 assay, flow cytometry, qRT-PCR, and western blotting - were employed to evaluate cellular proliferation, cell cycle arrest, and apoptosis and to confirm differential gene expression. The suppression of MSI2 expression yielded significant results: inhibition of cell proliferation, G0/G1 cell cycle arrest, and induced apoptosis in ALL cell lines. Furthermore, it was noted that MSI2 inhibition heightened the responsiveness of ALL cells to dexamethasone. Significantly, the depletion of MSI2 prompted the translocation of GR from the cytoplasm to the nucleus upon dexamethasone treatment, consequently leading to enhanced sensitivity. Additionally, the FOXO1/4 signaling pathway contributed to the biological effects of ALL cells evoked by MSI2 silencing. Our study offers novel insight into the inhibitory effects of MSI2 suppression on ALL cells, positing MSI2 as a promising therapeutic target in the treatment of ALL.
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Affiliation(s)
- Duobing Zou
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Transplantation, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315000, People's Republic of China
| | - Mei Lv
- Department of Hematology, Ningbo Chinese Medical Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Chen
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Transplantation, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315000, People's Republic of China
| | - Tingting Niu
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Transplantation, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315000, People's Republic of China
| | - Chao Ma
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Transplantation, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315000, People's Republic of China
| | - Cong Shi
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Transplantation, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315000, People's Republic of China
| | - Zhenya Huang
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Transplantation, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ying Wu
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Transplantation, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315000, People's Republic of China
| | - Shujun Yang
- Department of Hematology, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yun Wang
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Transplantation, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315000, People's Republic of China
| | - Ningning Wu
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Transplantation, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315000, People's Republic of China
| | - Yi Zhang
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Transplantation, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315000, People's Republic of China
| | - Guifang Ouyang
- Department of Hematology, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315000, People's Republic of China.
| | - Qitian Mu
- Laboratory of Stem Cell Transplantation, Ningbo First Hospital, Ningbo, Zhejiang, 315000, People's Republic of China.
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New developments in non-Hodgkin lymphoid malignancies. Pathology 2021; 53:349-366. [PMID: 33685720 DOI: 10.1016/j.pathol.2021.01.002] [Citation(s) in RCA: 14] [Impact Index Per Article: 4.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 11/14/2020] [Revised: 01/08/2021] [Accepted: 01/11/2021] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
The revised fourth edition of the World Health Organization (WHO) Classification of Tumours of Haematopoietic and Lymphoid Tissues (2017) reflects significant advances in understanding the biology, genetic basis and behaviour of haematopoietic neoplasms. This review focuses on some of the major changes in B-cell and T-cell non-Hodgkin lymphomas in the 2017 WHO and includes more recent updates. The 2017 WHO saw a shift towards conservatism in the classification of precursor lesions of small B-cell lymphomas such as monoclonal B-cell lymphocytosis, in situ follicular and in situ mantle cell neoplasms. With more widespread use of next generation sequencing (NGS), special entities within follicular lymphoma and mantle cell lymphoma were recognised with recurrent genetic aberrations and unique clinicopathological features. The diagnostic workup of lymphoplasmacytic lymphoma and hairy cell leukaemia has been refined with the discovery of MYD88 L265P and BRAF V600E mutations, respectively, in these entities. Recommendations in the immunohistochemical evaluation of diffuse large B-cell lymphoma include determining cell of origin and expression of MYC and BCL2, so called 'double-expressor' phenotype. EBV-positive large B-cell lymphoma of the elderly has been renamed to recognise its occurrence amongst a wider age group. EBV-positive mucocutaneous ulcer is a newly recognised entity with indolent clinical behaviour that occurs in the setting of immunosuppression. Two lymphomas with recurrent genetic aberrations are newly included provisional entities: Burkitt-like lymphoma with 11q aberration and large B-cell lymphoma with IRF4 rearrangement. Aggressive B-cell lymphomas with MYC, BCL2 and/or BCL6 rearrangements, so called 'double-hit/triple-hit' lymphomas are now a distinct entity. Much progress has been made in understanding intestinal T-cell lymphomas. Enteropathy-associated T-cell lymphoma, type II, is now known to not be associated with coeliac disease and is hence renamed monomorphic epitheliotropic T-cell lymphoma. An indolent clonal T-cell lymphoproliferative disorder of the GI tract is a newly included provisional entity. Angioimmunoblastic T-cell lymphoma and nodal T-cell lymphomas with T-follicular helper phenotype are included in a single broad category, emphasising their shared genetic and phenotypic features. Anaplastic large cell lymphoma, ALK- is upgraded to a definitive entity with subsets carrying recurrent rearrangements in DUSP22 or TP63. Breast implant-associated anaplastic large cell lymphoma is a new provisional entity with indolent behaviour. Finally, cutaneous T-cell proliferations include a new provisional entity, primary cutaneous acral CD8-positive T-cell lymphoma, and reclassification of primary small/medium CD4-positive T-cell lymphoma as lymphoproliferative disorder.
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AMG900 as novel inhibitor of the translationally controlled tumor protein. Chem Biol Interact 2020; 334:109349. [PMID: 33259807 DOI: 10.1016/j.cbi.2020.109349] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/17/2020] [Accepted: 11/26/2020] [Indexed: 01/18/2023]
Abstract
INTRODUCTION Cancer is one of the leading causes of death worldwide. Classical cytotoxic chemotherapy exerts high side effects and low tumor selectivity. Translationally controlled tumor protein (TCTP) is a target for differentiation therapy, a promising, new therapeutic approach, which is expected to be more selective and less toxic than cytotoxic chemotherapy. The aim of the present investigation was to identify novel TCTP inhibitors. METHODS We performed in silico screening and molecular docking using a chemical library of more than 31,000 compounds to identify a novel inhibitor of TCTP. We tested AMG900 in vitro for binding to TCTP by microscale thermophoresis and co-immunoprecipitation. Additionally, we examined the effect of TCTP blockade on cell cycle progression by flow cytometry and Western blotting and cancer cell survival by resazurin assays in MCF-7, SK-OV3 and MOLT-4 cell lines. RESULTS We identified AMG900 as new inhibitor of TCTP. AMG900 bound to the p53 binding site of TCTP with a free binding energy of -9.63 ± 0.01 kcal/mol. This compound decreased TCTP expression to 23.4 ± 1.59% and increased p53 expression to 194.29 ± 24.27%. Furthermore, AMG900 induced G0/G1 arrest as shown by flow cytometry and Western blot of relevant cell cycle proteins. AMG900 decreased CDK2, CDK4, CDK6, cyclin D1 and cyclin D3 expression, whereas p18, p21 and p27 expression increased. Moreover, AMG900 disturbed TCTP-p53 complexation as shown by co-immunoprecipitation and increased expression of free p53. DISCUSSION AMG900 may serve as novel lead compound for the development of differentiation therapy approaches against cancer.
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Pan Y, An N, Deng X, Zhang Q, Du X. RNF220 promotes the proliferation of leukaemic cells and reduces the degradation of the Cyclin D1 protein through USP22. Blood Cells Mol Dis 2020; 86:102490. [PMID: 32896826 DOI: 10.1016/j.bcmd.2020.102490] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 06/15/2020] [Revised: 08/23/2020] [Accepted: 08/23/2020] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
Ring finger proteins contain a characteristic ring finger motif and perform a wide range of biological functions in living organisms. These genes are abnormally expressed in many cancers. We found that the expression level of Ring finger protein 220 (RNF220) was negatively correlated with the disease-free survival (DFS) and overall survival (OS) of acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) patients. Moreover, the mRNA level of this gene is significantly higher in the bone marrow cells of AML patients than in the mobilized peripheral blood haematopoietic stem cells of healthy donors. The overexpression of RNF220 promotes the proliferation of AML cells and accelerates the transition from G1 phase to S phase. Increased protein levels and decreased ubiquitylation levels of Cyclin D1 were observed in the nuclei of cells overexpressing RNF220 compared to those of control cells. The protein level of USP22 was also increased in cells overexpressing RNF220. RNF220 cannot enhance the stability of the Cyclin D1 protein without increased expression of the USP22 protein. Our study provided proof of principle to show that RNF220 promotes stabilization of the Cyclin D1 protein via USP22.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuming Pan
- Shenzhen Bone Marrow Transplantation Public Service Platform, Department of Hematology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518035, China
| | - Na An
- Shenzhen Bone Marrow Transplantation Public Service Platform, Department of Hematology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518035, China
| | - Xiaopeng Deng
- Shenzhen Bone Marrow Transplantation Public Service Platform, Department of Hematology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518035, China
| | - Qiaoxia Zhang
- Shenzhen Bone Marrow Transplantation Public Service Platform, Department of Hematology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518035, China.
| | - Xin Du
- Shenzhen Bone Marrow Transplantation Public Service Platform, Department of Hematology, Shenzhen Second People's Hospital, The First Affiliated Hospital of Shenzhen University, Shenzhen 518035, China.
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Utility of Cyclin D1 in the Diagnostic Workup of Hematopoietic Neoplasms: What Can Cyclin D1 Do for Us? Adv Anat Pathol 2019; 26:281-291. [PMID: 31261248 DOI: 10.1097/pap.0000000000000241] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/22/2022]
Abstract
Cyclin D1, encoded by CCND1, promotes cell cycle progression from G1 to S phase. Its expression is induced by MAPK/ERK pathway as well as translocations/rearrangements involving CCND1 gene. The evaluation of cyclin D1 expression by immunohistochemistry plays an important role in the diagnostic workup of various hematopoietic diseases. In this review, we aimed to discuss the value of cyclin D1 immunostain in the diagnosis and different diagnosis of hematopoietic neoplasms.
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Zuo A, Zhao P, Zheng Y, Hua H, Wang X. Tripterine inhibits proliferation, migration and invasion of breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells by up-regulating microRNA-15a. Biol Chem 2019; 400:1069-1078. [PMID: 30913029 DOI: 10.1515/hsz-2018-0469] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 12/19/2018] [Accepted: 03/19/2019] [Indexed: 01/17/2023]
Abstract
Breast cancer is the most commonly diagnosed cancer in women worldwide. Tripterine is an important active component isolated from Triperygium wilfordii Hook F. This study investigated the effects of tripterine on breast cancer cell proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis, as well as microRNA-15a (miR-15a) expression. Quantitative reverse transcription-polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) was performed to measure the expression of miR-15a. Cell transfection was conducted to change the expression of miR-15a. Viability, proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis of MDA-MB-231 cells were assessed using the cell counting kit-8 (CCK-8) assay, BrdU incorporation assay, Annexin V-FITC/PI apoptosis detection kit and two-chamber Transwell assay, respectively. Expression of key factors involving in cell proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis, as well as the PI3K/AKT and JNK pathways, were evaluated using Western blotting. We found that tripterine inhibited MDA-MB-231 cell viability, proliferation, migration and invasion, but induced cell apoptosis. Moreover, tripterine up-regulated the expression of miR-15a in a concentration-dependent manner and miR-15a participated in the effects of tripterine on MDA-MB-231 cell proliferation, migration, invasion and apoptosis. In addition, tripterine inactivated PI3K/AKT and JNK pathways in MDA-MB-231 cells by up-regulating miR-15a. In conclusion, tripterine inhibited proliferation, migration and invasion of breast cancer MDA-MB-231 cells by up-regulating miR-15a and inactivating PI3K/AKT and JNK pathways.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anjun Zuo
- Department of General Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Peng Zhao
- Department of Pathology, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Yu Zheng
- Department of General Internal Medicine, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Hui Hua
- Department of Thyroid Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, Qingdao 266000, China
| | - Xingang Wang
- Department of Breast Surgery, The Affiliated Hospital of Qingdao University, No. 59 Haier Road, Qingdao 266000, China
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Cyclin D1-positive Mediastinal Large B-Cell Lymphoma With Copy Number Gains of CCND1 Gene. Am J Surg Pathol 2019; 43:110-120. [DOI: 10.1097/pas.0000000000001154] [Citation(s) in RCA: 8] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/08/2023]
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