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Hu W, Duan Z, Zhang Y, Liu J, Bao J, Gao R, Tang Y, Liu T, Xiong H, Li W, Fu X, Liao S, Fang L, Liang B. Remission from the 5-Fu-Based Chemotherapy to Gemcitabine-Based Chemotherapy-Based on the Pathological Classification of Periampullary Carcinoma: A Case Report and Literature Review. Onco Targets Ther 2022; 15:891-896. [PMID: 36046466 PMCID: PMC9423042 DOI: 10.2147/ott.s372053] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Grants] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/02/2022] [Accepted: 08/03/2022] [Indexed: 11/23/2022] Open
Abstract
Background Periampullary carcinoma, which includes ampullary carcinoma, pancreatic head cancer, distal common bile duct cancer, and duodenal papillary cancer, is a relatively rare malignancy with uncertain therapeutic options. Although several studies have investigated the efficacy of multiple adjuvant chemotherapy regimens for periampullary carcinoma treatment, the optimal regimen remains to be determined. The inherent heterogeneity of the mucosal origin divides periampullary carcinoma into intestinal and pancreaticobiliary types. Therefore, the selection of chemotherapy regimens based on pathological type may have potential therapeutic significance. Case Presentation A 72-year-old woman with moderately differentiated periampullary adenocarcinoma experienced disease progression after receiving FOLFOX regimen. Subsequently, the sample was subtyped first by H&E evaluation and then by the evaluation of an IHC panel composed of CK20, CDX2, MUC1, MUC2, and MUC5AC. The pathologists concluded that the patient’s sample was of the pancreaticobiliary (PB) subtype. The subsequent change to gemcitabine plus S-1 adjuvant therapy achieved remission of liver metastases based on the pathological classification of the cancer. Conclusion Based on the pathological classification, adjuvant chemotherapy with gemcitabine may be beneficial for patients with PB subtype periampullary carcinoma. 5-Fu-based adjuvant chemotherapy may be beneficial for patients with intestinal subtype periampullary carcinoma.
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Affiliation(s)
- Wei Hu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Zhiqing Duan
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yinuo Zhang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Liu
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Jing Bao
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Ruqing Gao
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Yajie Tang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Tiande Liu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Hu Xiong
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Wen Li
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Xiaowei Fu
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Shousheng Liao
- Department of Pathology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Lu Fang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People’s Republic of China
| | - Bo Liang
- Department of General Surgery, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, Jiangxi, 330006, People’s Republic of China
- Correspondence: Bo Liang; Lu Fang, Email ;
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Shimizu Y, Ashida R, Sugiura T, Okamura Y, Ito T, Yamamoto Y, Ohgi K, Otsuka S, Notsu A, Uesaka K. Prognostic Impact of Indicators of Systemic Inflammation and the Nutritional Status of Patients with Resected Carcinoma of the Ampulla of Vater: A Single-Center Retrospective Study. World J Surg 2021; 46:246-258. [PMID: 34661701 DOI: 10.1007/s00268-021-06346-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 1] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Accepted: 10/02/2021] [Indexed: 01/04/2023]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Several indicators of systemic inflammation and nutritional status were recently shown to serve as novel prognostic factors for certain cancers. Here, we aimed to investigate the prognostic impact of preoperative indicators of systemic inflammation and nutritional status associated with the survival of patients with resected ampulla of Vater carcinoma (AC). METHODS We retrospectively analyzed the records of 91 patients who underwent pancreatoduodenectomy (PD) for AC from January 2002 through December 2018. Indices for systemic inflammation and nutritional status (Systemic immune-inflammation index [SII], Prognostic nutritional index [PNI], modified Glasgow prognostic score [mGPS], and Controlling nutritional status score [CONUT]) were determined using preoperative blood tests. Clinicopathological factors and these indices were analyzed to identify predictors of overall survival (OS). RESULTS The median preoperative SII and PNI values were 456.7 and 47.5, respectively, and their optimal cut-off values were 670.0 and 50.0, respectively. Univariate analysis revealed that high SII, low PNI, mGPS ≥ 1, and malnutrition, assessed using the CONUT, were significant predictors of shorter OS. Multivariate analysis revealed that high SII (HR = 2.71, p = 0.023) and malnutrition assessed using the CONUT (hazard ratio = 3.98, p = 0.006) were independent predictors of shorter OS. CONCLUSION SII and the CONUT predicted the survival of patients with AC after radical resection. These indicators are easily calculated using preoperative blood tests and may contribute to the development of improved strategies to treat AC.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yuji Shimizu
- Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Shizuoka Cancer Center, 1007, Shimo-Nagakubo, Sunto-Nagaizumi, Shizuoka, 411-8777, Japan
| | - Ryo Ashida
- Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Shizuoka Cancer Center, 1007, Shimo-Nagakubo, Sunto-Nagaizumi, Shizuoka, 411-8777, Japan.
| | - Teiichi Sugiura
- Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Shizuoka Cancer Center, 1007, Shimo-Nagakubo, Sunto-Nagaizumi, Shizuoka, 411-8777, Japan
| | - Yukiyasu Okamura
- Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Shizuoka Cancer Center, 1007, Shimo-Nagakubo, Sunto-Nagaizumi, Shizuoka, 411-8777, Japan
| | - Takaaki Ito
- Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Shizuoka Cancer Center, 1007, Shimo-Nagakubo, Sunto-Nagaizumi, Shizuoka, 411-8777, Japan
| | - Yusuke Yamamoto
- Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Shizuoka Cancer Center, 1007, Shimo-Nagakubo, Sunto-Nagaizumi, Shizuoka, 411-8777, Japan
| | - Katsuhisa Ohgi
- Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Shizuoka Cancer Center, 1007, Shimo-Nagakubo, Sunto-Nagaizumi, Shizuoka, 411-8777, Japan
| | - Shimpei Otsuka
- Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Shizuoka Cancer Center, 1007, Shimo-Nagakubo, Sunto-Nagaizumi, Shizuoka, 411-8777, Japan
| | - Akifumi Notsu
- Clinical Research Center, Shizuoka Cancer Center, Sunto-Nagaizumi, Shizuoka, Japan
| | - Katsuhiko Uesaka
- Division of Hepato-Biliary-Pancreatic Surgery, Shizuoka Cancer Center, 1007, Shimo-Nagakubo, Sunto-Nagaizumi, Shizuoka, 411-8777, Japan
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Majumder M, Dunn L, Liu L, Hasan A, Vincent K, Brackstone M, Hess D, Lala PK. COX-2 induces oncogenic micro RNA miR655 in human breast cancer. Sci Rep 2018; 8:327. [PMID: 29321644 PMCID: PMC5762661 DOI: 10.1038/s41598-017-18612-3] [Citation(s) in RCA: 43] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/17/2017] [Accepted: 12/14/2017] [Indexed: 01/16/2023] Open
Abstract
We show that Cyclooxygenase-2 over-expression induces an oncogenic microRNA miR655 in human breast cancer cells by activation of EP4. MiR655 expression positively correlated with COX-2 in genetically disparate breast cancer cell lines and increased in all cell lines when grown as spheroids, implicating its link with stem-like cells (SLCs). Ectopic miR655 over-expression in MCF7 and SKBR3 cells resulted in increased proliferation, migration, invasion, spheroid formation and Epithelial to Masenchymal transition (EMT). Conversely, knocking down miR655 in aggressive MCF7-COX2 and SKBR3-COX2 cells reverted these phenotypes. MCF7-miR655 cells displayed upregulated NOTCH/WNT genes; both pathway inhibitors abrogated miR655-induced spheroid formation, linking miR655 with SLC-related pathways. MiR655 expression was dependent on EP4 activity and EP4 downstream signaling pathways PI3K/AKT, ERK and NF-kB and led to TGFβ resistance for Smad3 phosphorylation. Tail vein injection of MCF7-miR655 and SKBR3-miR655 cells in NOD/SCID/GUSB-null mice revealed increased lung colony growth and micrometastases to liver and spleen. MiR655 expression was significantly high in human breast tumors (n = 105) compared to non-tumor tissues (n = 20) and associated with reduced patient survival. Thus miR655 could serve as a prognostic breast cancer biomarker.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mousumi Majumder
- Department of Biology, Brandon University, Brandon, Manitoba, Canada
| | - Leanna Dunn
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Ling Liu
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Asma Hasan
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Krista Vincent
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
- Department of Oncology, University of Alberta, Edmonton, Alberta, Canada
| | - Muriel Brackstone
- Department of Oncology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
- Lawson Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - David Hess
- Physiology and Pharmacology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada
- Robarts Research Institute, London, Ontario, Canada
| | - Peeyush K Lala
- Department of Anatomy and Cell Biology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.
- Department of Oncology, Schulich School of Medicine and Dentistry, University of Western Ontario, London, Ontario, Canada.
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Tewari M, Swain JR, Dixit VK, Shukla HS. Molecular Aberrations in Periampullary Carcinoma. Indian J Surg Oncol 2017; 8:348-356. [DOI: 10.1007/s13193-017-0645-2] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/16/2016] [Accepted: 03/15/2017] [Indexed: 11/29/2022] Open
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Freitas MALD, Gomes RDOL, Soares BLDF, Artigiani Neto R, Montero EFDS, Martins JL. Effects of maternal ischemic preconditioning in the colon of newborn rats submitted to hypoxia-reoxygenation insult. Acta Cir Bras 2015; 29:438-44. [PMID: 25054874 DOI: 10.1590/s0102-86502014000700005] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/20/2014] [Accepted: 05/21/2014] [Indexed: 02/07/2023] Open
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the effects of maternal remote ischemic preconditioning (IPCr) in the colonic mucosa of newborn rats subjected to hypoxia and reoxygenation. METHODS Newborn Wistar rats were divided into three groups. Control Group (CG), Hypoxia and Reoxygenation Group (HRG) and Remote Ischemic Preconditioning Group (IPCrG). Hypoxia and reoxygenation was performed 2x per day, with an interval of 6 hours, on the 1st, 2nd and 3rd days of life, with 10 minutes of CO2 at 100%, followed by 10 minutes O2 at 100%(HRG/IPCrG). The maternal IPCr was performed 24 hours before delivery by applying a rubber band tourniquet to the left hind limb (IPCrG). Segments of the colon underwent histological (HE) and immunohistochemical analysis for caspase-3 and COX - 2. RESULTS The histological findings showed no intestinal mucosal damage in the CG group and severe lesions in HRG that was attenuated in the IPCrG (p<0.05). The expression of the apoptotic cells was lower in the HRG group than in the CG and IPCrG. The COX-2 expression was intense in HRG and attenuated in the IPCrG (p<0.05). CONCLUSIONS Maternal IPCr protected the colonic mucosa of newborn rats subjected to hypoxia and reoxygenation, reducing the morphological alterations and inflammatory response. It ameliorates the occurrence of apoptosis, keeping the physiological process of renewal and regeneration in the epithelial lining of the colonic mucosa.
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Affiliation(s)
| | | | | | | | | | - José Luiz Martins
- Department of Pediatric Surgery, EPM, UNIFESP, Sao Paulo, SP, Brazil
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COX-2 Elevates Oncogenic miR-526b in Breast Cancer by EP4 Activation. Mol Cancer Res 2015; 13:1022-33. [DOI: 10.1158/1541-7786.mcr-14-0543] [Citation(s) in RCA: 49] [Impact Index Per Article: 5.4] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/08/2014] [Accepted: 02/22/2015] [Indexed: 11/16/2022]
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Impact of Standardized Allergen-Removed Rhus verniciflua Stokes Extract on Advanced Adenocarcinoma of the Ampulla of Vater: A Case Series. EVIDENCE-BASED COMPLEMENTARY AND ALTERNATIVE MEDICINE 2013; 2013:203168. [PMID: 23710214 PMCID: PMC3654714 DOI: 10.1155/2013/203168] [Citation(s) in RCA: 7] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/02/2013] [Accepted: 04/03/2013] [Indexed: 12/29/2022]
Abstract
Background. Adenocarcinoma of the ampulla of Vater (AAV) is a rare malignancy that has a better prognosis than other periampullary cancers. However, the standard treatment for patients with relapsed or metastatic AAV has not been established. We investigated the clinical feasibility of standardized allergen-removed Rhus verniciflua stokes (aRVS) extract for advanced or metastatic AAV. Patients and Methods. From July 2006 to April 2011, we retrospectively reviewed all patients with advanced AAV treated with aRVS extract alone. After applying inclusion/exclusion criteria, 12 patients were eligible for the final analysis. We assessed the progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) of these patients during the follow-up period. Results. The median aRVS administration period was 147.0 days (range: 72–601 days). The best tumor responses according to Response Evaluation Criteria in Solid Tumors were as follows: two with complete response, two with stable disease, and eight with progressive disease. The median OS was 15.1 months (range: 4.9–25.1 months), and the median PFS was 3.0 months (range: 1.6–11.4 months). Adverse reactions to the aRVS treatment were mostly mild and self-limiting. Conclusions. Prolonged survival was observed in patients with advanced AAV under the treatment of standardized aRVS extract without significant adverse effects.
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Kara O, Duman BB, Kara B, Erdogan S, Parsak CK, Sakman G. Analysis of PTEN, VEGF, HER2 and P53 Status in Determining Colorectal Cancer Benefit from Bevacizumab Therapy. Asian Pac J Cancer Prev 2012; 13:6397-401. [DOI: 10.7314/apjcp.2012.13.12.6397] [Citation(s) in RCA: 18] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/10/2022] Open
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Hong B, Krusche CA, Schwabe K, Friedrich S, Klein R, Krauss JK, Nakamura M. Cyclooxygenase-2 supports tumor proliferation in vestibular schwannomas. Neurosurgery 2012; 68:1112-7. [PMID: 21221032 DOI: 10.1227/neu.0b013e318208f5c7] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.1] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 01/05/2023] Open
Abstract
BACKGROUND Recent studies have shown that cyclooxygenase-2 (COX-2) plays an important role in tumor growth and neovascularization. However, COX-2 expression in vestibular schwannomas (VSs) has not been investigated. OBJECTIVE To analyze the pattern of COX-2 expression in sporadic and neurofibromatosis type 2 (NF2)-associated VSs and its relationship with tumor proliferation and microvessel density. METHODS Fifteen sporadic and 15 NF2-associated VSs were examined for COX-2 expression, microvessel density, and proliferation rate by immunohistochemical methods. Immunohistochemical scores were used to interpret the extent and intensity of COX-2 staining. Microvessel density (MVD) was determined using von Willebrand factor (vWf). Proliferation rate was quantified using Ki-67. The relationship among COX-2 expression, MVD, and proliferation rate was statistically analyzed. RESULTS COX-2 expression was detected in 29 (96.67%) of 30 VSs, with no significant difference between sporadic and NF2-associated VSs (P = .722). In 6 (20%) VSs, COX-2 expression was graded as strong, in 12 (40%) as moderate, and in 11 (36.7%) as weak. VSs with high proliferation showed significantly higher COX-2 expression (P = .015) than VSs with low proliferation. COX-2 expression and MVD did not show specific biological correlations (P = .035). CONCLUSION Our data demonstrate that COX-2 is expressed in VSs. High COX-2 expression in VSs with high proliferation rates suggests that the COX-2 pathway may be involved in the development and growth of VSs.
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Affiliation(s)
- Bujung Hong
- Department of Neurosurgery, Hannover Medical School, Hannover, Germany.
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Romiti A, Barucca V, Zullo A, Sarcina I, Di Rocco R, D'Antonio C, Latorre M, Marchetti P. Tumors of ampulla of Vater: A case series and review of chemotherapy options. World J Gastrointest Oncol 2012; 4:60-7. [PMID: 22468185 PMCID: PMC3312930 DOI: 10.4251/wjgo.v4.i3.60] [Citation(s) in RCA: 28] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.3] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 09/21/2011] [Revised: 03/03/2012] [Accepted: 03/10/2012] [Indexed: 02/05/2023] Open
Abstract
Carcinomas of the Ampulla of Vater are rare tumors, accounting for 0.2% of gastrointestinal cancers. Compared with other biliary tract neoplasms, these tumors have a relatively favorable prognosis after surgical resection. Based on their epithelium of origin, two subtypes of ampullary carcinoma have been recently distinguished: intestinal and pancreatobiliary. This study evaluates histopathological features and outcomes of ampullary carcinoma and to compares the survival of these tumors to that of other biliary tract tumors. The chemotherapic options available for ampullary cancer are also reviewed. We analyzed data from 20 consecutive patients with ampullary carcinomas and 26 patients with other biliary tract carcinomas, observed in our Institution. Statistical analysis was performed by using either Fisher’s exact test or χ2 test for categorical variables. Median time of survival was calculated and compared using the Log-Rank test. Similar distribution of demographic characteristics and stage between ampullary and other biliary tract cancers was observed. Patients with ampullary cancer underwent surgery more frequently than other biliary cancers while chemotherapy and radiotherapy were used equally. In accordance with the literature, a longer median survival was observed in the group of ampullary carcinomas.
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Affiliation(s)
- Adriana Romiti
- Adriana Romiti, Viola Barucca, Ida Sarcina, Roberta Di Rocco, Chiara D'Antonio, Paolo Marchetti, Oncology Unit, University "La Sapienza", Sant'Andrea Hospital, via di Grottarossa 1035, 00189 Rome, Italy
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Abstract
Tumor angiogenesis is a process where new blood vessels are formed from preexisting ones, resulting in several pathologies. Solid tumors induce angiogenesis to obtain the required nutrients and oxygen. Otherwise, tumors do not grow beyond 2 to 3 mm in diameter. Cyclooxygenase-2, an inducible enzyme important in inflammation, catalyzes the production of prostanoids from arachidonic acid. Cyclooxygenase-2 plays an important role in several cancer types, including colorectal, gastric, prostate, breast, lung, and endometrial cancer. Besides, cyclooxygenase-2 has been implicated in the progression and angiogenesis of cancers. Cyclooxygenase-2 inhibitors have been used to block angiogenesis and tumor proliferation. In this review, the recent studies related to the role of cyclooxygenase-2 in several cancer types and tumor-induced angiogenesis were compiled.
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Affiliation(s)
- Mehmet Sahin
- Department of Biochemistry, Faculty of Medicine, Akdeniz University, Antalya, Turkey
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Ohneseit PA, Krebiehl G, Dittmann K, Kehlbach R, Rodemann HP. Inhibition of cyclooxygenase-2 activity by celecoxib does not lead to radiosensitization of human prostate cancer cells in vitro. Radiother Oncol 2007; 82:229-38. [PMID: 17207548 DOI: 10.1016/j.radonc.2006.11.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 16] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.9] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/15/2006] [Revised: 11/29/2006] [Accepted: 11/30/2006] [Indexed: 01/30/2023]
Abstract
PURPOSE To evaluate the potential radiosensitizing effect of the specific COX-2 inhibitor celecoxib (Celebrex) on prostate carcinoma cells in vitro. MATERIALS AND METHODS The influence of celecoxib (concentration range 5 to 75 microM) on radiation-induced cellular and clonogenic survival was investigated in prostate carcinoma cell lines PC-3, DU145, LNCaP and normal prostate epithelial cells (PrEC). Western blot analysis and ELISA were used to determine the impact of radiation alone or radiation combined with celecoxib treatment on COX-2 expression and prostaglandin E2 synthesis. To evaluate induction of celecoxib-induced apoptosis cell cycle analysis has been performed. RESULTS Celecoxib (5, 10 and 25 microM) in combination with single-dose irradiation of 2 Gy induced a significant radiosensitization in normal prostate epithelial cells which could not be observed for any of the prostate carcinoma cell lines investigated. Increased COX-2 protein expression in PC-3 cells was obvious only after IR with 15 Gy, while PGE2 production was elevated following irradiation (2-15 Gy) in a dose-dependent manner. Treatment with celecoxib alone or in combination with IR led to a dose-dependent increase in COX-2 protein expression. Nevertheless pre-treatment with celecoxib caused a marked reduction of radiation-induced enzyme activity as tested at the level of PGE2 production, both in PC-3 and DU145 cells. Following fractionated irradiation with single doses of 2 Gy, elevated COX-2 protein expression as well as enhanced PGE2 production was observed already after the second fraction in PC-3 cells. Pre-treatment with celecoxib reduced the amount of PGE(2) significantly, but not of COX-2 protein. CONCLUSIONS Our data obtained for the human prostate cancer cell lines do not indicate that a marked inhibition of prostaglandin E2 synthesis by celecoxib leads to enhanced radiosensitization. Thus, in terms of radiosensitization the analysed prostate cancer cells can be classified as non-responders to celecoxib treatment.
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Affiliation(s)
- Petra Anna Ohneseit
- Division of Radiobiology and Molecular Environmental Research, Department of Radiation Oncology, University of Tübingen, Germany
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Mannini A, Calzolari A, Calorini L, Mugnai G, Ruggieri S. The inhibition of lung colonization of B16-F10 melanoma cells in EFA-deficient animals is related to enhanced apoptosis and reduced angiogenesis. Clin Exp Metastasis 2006; 23:159-65. [PMID: 17028925 DOI: 10.1007/s10585-006-9022-1] [Citation(s) in RCA: 4] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.2] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 10/24/2005] [Accepted: 05/22/2006] [Indexed: 11/28/2022]
Abstract
Previous studies conducted in our laboratory showed that the reproduction of spontaneous and experimental metastases was reduced in host animals deprived of essential fatty acids (EFA). In the present study, we have explored the possibility whether apoptosis, proliferation, and angiogenesis might be involved in the antimetastatic effect of EFA deficiency. To this aim, in pulmonary colonies developed from B16-F10 cells in EFA-deficient animals or in animals fed a 5% corn oil diet, we performed an immunohistochemical analysis of bcl-2/bax proteins, PCNA, and VEGF and von Willebrand Factor (vWF), typical markers of apoptosis, proliferation, and angiogenesis, respectively. Apoptosis was also evaluated by detecting DNA fragments in metastatic cells. We found that the reduction of pulmonary colonies grown in EFA-deficient animals was associated with a high expression of apoptotic activity as revealed by the presence of apoptotic nuclei and a high immunoreactivity for bax. Cell proliferation seemed not to be influenced by EFA deficiency in view of the observation that PCNA was highly expressed in pulmonary colonies of control as well as EFA-deficient animals. Pulmonary colonies developed in EFA- deficient animals showed a lower expression of VEGF and a decreased microvessel density, indicating that a reduced angiogenesis contributes to the antimetastatic effects of EFA deficiency. Our analysis of the results invokes the possibility that a relationship between angiogenesis and apoptosis may account for the diminution of the development of experimental metastases in the lungs of EFA-deficient animals.
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Affiliation(s)
- Antonella Mannini
- Department of Experimental Pathology and Oncology, University of the Studies of Florence, 50 Viale G.B. Morgagni, 50134, Florence, Italy
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Perrone G, Santini D, Zagami M, Vincenzi B, Verzì A, Morini S, Borzomati D, Coppola R, Antinori A, Magistrelli P, Tonini G, Rabitti C. COX-2 expression of ampullary carcinoma: correlation with different histotypes and clinicopathological parameters. Virchows Arch 2006; 449:334-40. [PMID: 16906389 DOI: 10.1007/s00428-006-0255-9] [Citation(s) in RCA: 11] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.6] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [MESH Headings] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/12/2006] [Accepted: 06/16/2006] [Indexed: 10/24/2022]
Abstract
Epidemiological studies suggest that regular intake of nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) are associated with reduced incidence of gastrointestinal cancer. Several lines of evidence indicate that the antineoplastic effect of NSAIDs is attributable to COX-2 inhibition. The aim of our study was to assess COX-2 expression in a series of primary untreated ampullary carcinomas and its possible correlation with clinicopathological parameters. In the present study, 45 surgical specimens of invasive ampullary carcinomas were histologically classified into pancreaticobiliary, intestinal, and unusual types. COX-2 expression by immunohistochemical method was analyzed. High COX-2 expression was detected in 35 (77.8%) ampullary carcinomas. Among these, 20/21 (95.2%) were classified as intestinal, 9/18 (50%) pancreaticobiliary, and 6/6 (100%) unusual type. A significant statistical difference in terms of COX-2 expression was found between pancreaticobiliary vs intestinal type (P=0.002). Furthermore, a negative significant statistical correlation was found between T factor and COX-2 expression (P=0.047). The different COX-2 expression among histopathological types supports the concept of histogenetical difference of ampullary carcinomas. Furthermore, the high rate of COX-2 expression in the intestinal subtype of ampullary carcinoma may represent the rational for a histotype-tailored therapy targeting COX-2.
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Affiliation(s)
- Giuseppe Perrone
- Surgical Pathology, Campus Bio-Medico University, Via Emilio Longoni, Rome, 83 00155, Italy.
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