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Cameron R, Badami KG. Primary or anamnestic antibody response to the D antigen (RhD)after bone grafting: Case report and implications. Transfus Med 2021; 31:499-500. [PMID: 34693579 DOI: 10.1111/tme.12825] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 07/07/2021] [Revised: 09/12/2021] [Accepted: 10/10/2021] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
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Foukaneli T, Kerr P, Bolton‐Maggs PH, Cardigan R, Coles A, Gennery A, Jane D, Kumararatne D, Manson A, New HV, Torpey N. Guidelines on the use of irradiated blood components. Br J Haematol 2020; 191:704-724. [DOI: 10.1111/bjh.17015] [Citation(s) in RCA: 31] [Impact Index Per Article: 7.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/17/2020] [Revised: 07/08/2020] [Accepted: 07/09/2020] [Indexed: 12/16/2022]
Affiliation(s)
- Theodora Foukaneli
- NHS Blood and Transplant Cambridge Cambridge UK
- Department of Haematology Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust Cambridge UK
| | - Paul Kerr
- Department of Haematology Royal Devon & Exeter NHS Foundation Trust Exeter UK
| | - Paula H.B. Bolton‐Maggs
- Faculty of Biology, Medicine and Health University of Manchester Manchester UK
- Serious Hazards of Transfusion Office Manchester Blood Centre Manchester UK
| | - Rebecca Cardigan
- Haematology University of Cambridge Cambridge Biomedical Campus Cambridge UK
| | - Alasdair Coles
- Clinical Neuroscience University of Cambridge Cambridge Biomedical Campus Cambridge UK
| | - Andrew Gennery
- Department of Paediatric Immunology Institute of Cellular Medicine Newcastle University Cambridge Newcastle upon Tyne UK
| | - David Jane
- Department of Medicine University of Cambridge Cambridge Biomedical Campus Cambridge Cambridge UK
| | - Dinakantha Kumararatne
- Department of Clinical Immunology Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust Cambridge UK
| | - Ania Manson
- Department of Clinical Immunology Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust Cambridge UK
| | - Helen V. New
- NHS Blood and Transplant London UK
- Department of Haematology Imperial College London London UK
| | - Nicholas Torpey
- Department of Clinical Nephrology and Transplantation Cambridge University Hospitals NHS Foundation Trust Cambridge UK
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Shen Y, Du K, Zou L, Zhou X, Lv R, Gao D, Qiu B, Ding W. Rapid and continuous on-chip loading of trehalose into erythrocytes. Biomed Microdevices 2019; 21:5. [PMID: 30607639 DOI: 10.1007/s10544-018-0352-y] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [MESH Headings] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 11/26/2022]
Abstract
Freeze-drying is a promising approach for the long-term storage of erythrocytes at room temperature. Studies have shown that trehalose loaded into erythrocytes plays an important role in protecting erythrocytes against freeze-drying damage. Due to the impermeability of the erythrocyte membrane to trehalose, many methods have been developed to load trehalose into erythrocytes. However, these methods usually require multistep manual manipulation and long processing time; the adopted protocols are also diverse and not standardized. Thus, we develop an osmotically-based trehalose-loading microdevice (TLM) to rapidly, continuously, and automatically produce erythrocytes with loaded trehalose. In the TLM, trehalose is loaded through the erythrocyte membrane pores induced by hypotonic shock; then, the trehalose-loaded erythrocytes are rinsed to remove hemoglobin molecules and cell fragments, and the extracellular solution is restored to the isotonic state by integrating a rinsing-recovering design. First, the mixing function and the rinsing-recovering function were confirmed using a fluorescent solution. Then, the performance of the TLM was evaluated under various operating conditions with respect to the loading efficiency of trehalose, the hemolysis rate of erythrocytes (ϕ), the recovery rate of hemoglobin in erythrocytes (φ), and the separation efficiency of the TLM. Finally, the preliminary study of the freeze-drying of erythrocytes with loaded trehalose was accomplished using the TLM. The results showed that under the designated operating conditions, the loading efficiency for human erythrocytes reached ~21 mM in ~2 min with a ϕ value of ~17% and a φ value of ~74%. This study provides insights into the design of the on-chip loading of trehalose into erythrocytes and promotes the automation of life science studies on biochips.
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Affiliation(s)
- Yiren Shen
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, Anhui, China
- Department of Electronic Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, Anhui, China
| | - Kun Du
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, Anhui, China
- Department of Electronic Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, Anhui, China
| | - Lili Zou
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, Anhui, China
- Department of Electronic Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, Anhui, China
| | - Xiaoming Zhou
- School of Mechatronics Engineering, University of Electronic Science and Technology of China, Chengdu, 610054, Sichuan, China
| | - Rong Lv
- Hefei Blood Center, Hefei, 230000, Anhui, China
| | - Dayong Gao
- Department of Mechanical Engineering, University of Washington, Seattle, WA, 98195, USA
| | - Bensheng Qiu
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, Anhui, China
- Department of Electronic Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, Anhui, China
| | - Weiping Ding
- Center for Biomedical Engineering, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, Anhui, China.
- Department of Electronic Science and Technology, University of Science and Technology of China, Hefei, 230027, Anhui, China.
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Henkelman S, Noorman F, Badloe JF, Lagerberg JWM. Utilization and quality of cryopreserved red blood cells in transfusion medicine. Vox Sang 2014; 108:103-12. [PMID: 25471135 DOI: 10.1111/vox.12218] [Citation(s) in RCA: 25] [Impact Index Per Article: 2.5] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 05/10/2014] [Revised: 09/18/2014] [Accepted: 09/19/2014] [Indexed: 02/06/2023]
Abstract
Cryopreserved (frozen) red blood cells have been used in transfusion medicine since the Vietnam war. The main method to freeze the red blood cells is by usage of glycerol. Although the usage of cryopreserved red blood cells was promising due to the prolonged storage time and the limited cellular deterioration at subzero temperatures, its usage have been hampered due to the more complex and labour intensive procedure and the limited shelf life of thawed products. Since the FDA approval of a closed (de) glycerolization procedure in 2002, allowing a prolonged postthaw storage of red blood cells up to 21 days at 2-6°C, cryopreserved red blood cells have become a more utilized blood product. Currently, cryopreserved red blood cells are mainly used in military operations and to stock red blood cells with rare phenotypes. Yet, cryopreserved red blood cells could also be useful to replenish temporary blood shortages, to prolong storage time before autologous transfusion and for IgA-deficient patients. This review describes the main methods to cryopreserve red blood cells, explores the quality of this blood product and highlights clinical settings in which cryopreserved red blood cells are or could be utilized.
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Affiliation(s)
- S Henkelman
- Department of Biomedical Engineering, University Medical Center Groningen, University of Groningen, Groningen, the Netherlands
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Abstract
Leukocytes have ability to distinguish between self cells (body own cells) and foreign (allogenic) cells on the basis of human leukocyte antigen (HLA) proteins that are present on the cell membrane and are effectively unique to a person. During allogenic blood transfusion a person receives large number of allogenic donor leukocytes and these are recognized as foreign cells by the recipient immune system which leads to several adverse reactions. To avoid such leukocyte-mediated adverse reactions leukodepleted blood transfusion is required. Leukocytes can be separated on the basis of size, dielectric properties, by affinity separation, freeze-thawing and centrifugation but all these methods are time consuming and costly. Filtration is another method for leukocyte depletion that is comparatively less expensive and more efficient as it gives more than 90% leukodepletion of blood along with minimal cell loss. However, present filtration procedures also have some limitations as they work efficiently with blood components but not with whole blood and show non-specific adhesion of large number of platelets and red blood cells along with leukocytes. All the currently available filters are costly, which has been a major reason for their limited application. Therefore, demand for a more efficient and cost-effective filter is high in medical community and scientists are attenpting to improve the efficiency of currently available filters. The present review gives an overview of the significance of leukodepleted blood transfusion and focuses on different methods for leukocyte depletion and challenges involved in all these technologies.
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Affiliation(s)
- Shikha Singh
- Department of Biological Sciences and Bioengineering, Indian Institute of Technology Kanpur, India
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Abstract
BACKGROUND WBC reduction of blood components by filtration is widely practiced to decrease the incidence of alloimmunization. Freezing RBCs reduces the WBC load but is insufficient to achieve the currently recommended US limit of 5 x 10(6) cells per unit. STUDY DESIGN AND METHODS Blood units were WBC reduced by filtration or by buffy-coat (BC) removal and then frozen in the presence of a high-glycerol concentration. The count of residual WBCs was determined by flow cytometry after deglycerolization. RESULTS Without WBC reduction, the total number of WBCs present after freezing and thawing was 11.5 +/- 9.2 x 10(6) WBCs per unit (n = 18). Particulate residues from monocytes and neutrophils that were detected in the remaining cell populations were positive for CD66b, CD3, CD14, and CD41. Removal of 40 mL of BC at the time of blood collection lowered the number of WBCs after freezing and deglycerolization to 1.9 +/- 1.20 x 10(6) per unit (n = 11). Similar results were obtained when only 20 mL of BC was removed using a modified blood-bag design. Unfiltered RBC units that were stored for 15 days at 4 degrees C after BC removal contained fewer than 5 x 10(6) WBCs after deglycerolization. Units WBC reduced by filtration before freezing had no detectable WBCs after thawing and washing (n = 14) and did not contain particulate residues. Filtration after deglycerolization was effective in reducing the WBC count below 10(6), although some debris was still present. CONCLUSION RBC freezing alone will not reduce residual counts to recommended levels. However, initial removal of BC can provide an economical alternative to WBC filtration for cryopreserved units. Units that were not WBC reduced before freezing can be filtered after deglycerolization when needed.
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Affiliation(s)
- Françoise G Arnaud
- Naval Medical Research Center, Combat Casualty Care, Resuscitative Medicine Department, 503 Robert Grant Avenue, Silver Spring, MD 20910-7500, USA.
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