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Baban A, Lodato V, Parlapiano G, Drago F. Genetics in Congenital Heart Diseases: Unraveling the Link Between Cardiac Morphogenesis, Heart Muscle Disease, and Electrical Disorders. Heart Fail Clin 2021; 18:139-153. [PMID: 34776075 DOI: 10.1016/j.hfc.2021.07.016] [Citation(s) in RCA: 3] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Indexed: 12/14/2022]
Abstract
The genetic background of congenital heart diseases (CHDs) is extremely complex, heterogenous, and still majorly to be determined. CHDs can be sporadic or familial. In this article we discuss in detail the phenotypic spectrum of selected genes including MYH7, GATA4, NKX2-5, TBX5, and TBX20. Our goal is to offer the clinician a general overview of the clinical spectrum of the analyzed topics that are traditionally known as causative for CHDs but we underline in this review the possible progressive functional (cardiomyopathy) and electric aspects (arrhythmias) caused by the genetic background.
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Affiliation(s)
- Anwar Baban
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital and Research Institute, IRCCS, Piazza Sant'Onofrio 4, 00165 Rome, Italy.
| | - Valentina Lodato
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital and Research Institute, IRCCS, Piazza Sant'Onofrio 4, 00165 Rome, Italy
| | - Giovanni Parlapiano
- Laboratory of Medical Genetics, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital and Research Institute, IRCCS, Piazza Sant'Onofrio 4, 00165 Rome, Italy
| | - Fabrizio Drago
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology and Cardiac Surgery, Bambino Gesù Children Hospital and Research Institute, IRCCS, Piazza Sant'Onofrio 4, 00165 Rome, Italy
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2
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Tan Z, Wu L, Fang Y, Chen P, Wan R, Shen Y, Hu J, Jiang Z, Hong K. Systemic Bioinformatic Analyses of Nuclear-Encoded Mitochondrial Genes in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy. Front Genet 2021; 12:670787. [PMID: 34054926 PMCID: PMC8150003 DOI: 10.3389/fgene.2021.670787] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 02/22/2021] [Accepted: 04/08/2021] [Indexed: 11/13/2022] Open
Abstract
Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) is an autosomal dominant disease and mitochondria plays a key role in the progression in HCM. Here, we analyzed the expression pattern of nuclear-encoded mitochondrial genes (NMGenes) in HCM and found that the expression of NMGenes was significantly changed. A total of 316 differentially expressed NMGenes (DE-NMGenes) were identified. Pathway enrichment analyses showed that energy metabolism-related pathways such as "pyruvate metabolism" and "fatty acid degradation" were dysregulated, which highlighted the importance of energy metabolism in HCM. Next, we constructed a protein-protein interaction network based on 316 DE-NMGenes and identified thirteen hubs. Then, a total of 17 TFs (transcription factors) were predicted to potentially regulate the expression of 316 DE-NMGenes according to iRegulon, among which 8 TFs were already found involved in pathological hypertrophy. The remaining TFs (like GATA1, GATA5, and NFYA) were good candidates for further experimental verification. Finally, a mouse model of transverse aortic constriction (TAC) was established to validate the genes and results showed that DDIT4, TKT, CLIC1, DDOST, and SNCA were all upregulated in TAC mice. The present study represents the first effort to evaluate the global expression pattern of NMGenes in HCM and provides innovative insight into the molecular mechanism of HCM.
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Affiliation(s)
- Zhaochong Tan
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Limeng Wu
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yan Fang
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Pingshan Chen
- Department of Science and Technology, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Rong Wan
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Yang Shen
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Jianping Hu
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Zhenhong Jiang
- Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
| | - Kui Hong
- Department of Cardiovascular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China.,Jiangxi Key Laboratory of Molecular Medicine, The Second Affiliated Hospital of Nanchang University, Nanchang, China
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3
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Chakraborty P, Isser HS, Arava S, Bhatia M, Mandal K, Jahangir A. Unusual Cause of Bidirectional Ventricular Rhythm. JACC Case Rep 2019; 1:21-26. [PMID: 34316734 PMCID: PMC8288602 DOI: 10.1016/j.jaccas.2019.05.018] [Citation(s) in RCA: 0] [Impact Index Per Article: 0] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Download PDF] [Figures] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 04/04/2019] [Revised: 05/01/2019] [Accepted: 05/02/2019] [Indexed: 11/06/2022]
Abstract
Bidirectional ventricular tachycardia (BDVT), a rare ventricular arrhythmia, is commonly caused by digitalis toxicity or channelopathies and is rarely caused by aconite toxicity, myocarditis, infarction, or sarcoidosis. This paper describes a patient with BDVT, recurrent syncope, myocardial disarray, and interstitial fibrosis on histology but normal results on echocardiography with variants in the TTN, KCNH2, and GATA4 genes. (Level of Difficulty: Advanced.)
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Affiliation(s)
- Praloy Chakraborty
- Department of Cardiac Electrophysiology, Toronto General Hospital, Toronto, Ontario, Canada
| | - Hermohander Singh Isser
- Department of Cardiology, Vardhman Mahavir Medical College and Safdarjung Hospital, Delhi, India
| | - Sudheer Arava
- Department of Pathology, All India Institute of Medical Science, New Delhi, India
| | - Mona Bhatia
- Department of Radiology and Imaging, Fortis Escorts Heart Institute, New Delhi, India
| | - Kausik Mandal
- Department of Medical Genetics, Sanjay Gandhi Postgraduate Institute of Medical Sciences, Lucknow, India
| | - Arshad Jahangir
- Aurora Center for Advanced Atrial Fibrillation Therapies, Aurora Cardiovascular Services, Aurora Health Care, Milwaukee, Wisconsin
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Alonso-Montes C, Martín M, Martínez-Arias L, Coto E, Naves-Díaz M, Morís C, Cannata-Andía JB, Rodríguez I. Variants in cardiac GATA genes associated with bicuspid aortic valve. Eur J Clin Invest 2018; 48:e13027. [PMID: 30229885 DOI: 10.1111/eci.13027] [Citation(s) in RCA: 10] [Impact Index Per Article: 1.7] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Abstract] [Key Words] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Submit a Manuscript] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 03/28/2018] [Revised: 09/10/2018] [Accepted: 09/15/2018] [Indexed: 12/23/2022]
Abstract
BACKGROUND Bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) is a heterogeneous and still not fully understood condition, with diverse genetic aetiology and associated phenotypes ranging from aortic stenosis or regurgitation to aneurysm and dissection. Several genes have been associated with the presence of BAV, notably some members of the GATA family of transcription factors that play important roles in cardiac embryogenesis. METHODS A case-control study with 122 unrelated and ethnically matched patients with bicuspid and 154 with tricuspid aortic valve was performed. All exons of GATA4, GATA5, and GATA6 genes were sequenced searching for variants. Frequencies were compared and functional effects of rare variants were analysed by informatic prediction tools. RESULTS Four rare and potentially pathogenic variants were identified in only five sporadic cases: a missense p.Arg202Gln (rs782614097) in GATA5 and three synonymous variants, p.Cys274= (rs55980825) and p.His302= (rs201516339) in GATA4, and p.Asn458= (rs143026087) in GATA6. Minor alleles of p.His302=, p.Arg202Gln and rs3764962 are enriched in BAV patients compared to ExAC database (P = 0.01, 0.03, and 0.01 respectively). In addition, a common polymorphism in GATA5 (p.Asp203=, rs41305803) is associated with BAV showing a protective effect in carriers of the minor allele (OR [95%CI] = 0.45[0.25-0.81]; P = 0.004). CONCLUSION This study associates additional genetic variants in GATA4 and GATA5 with BAV, supporting the implication of these genes in the development of this valvulopathy. The discovery of all the genetic factors involved will contribute to a better understanding of the process and, therefore, to detect a genetic predisposition and even to the identification of therapeutic targets.
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Affiliation(s)
- Cristina Alonso-Montes
- Bone and Mineral Research Unit, REDinREN-ISCIII, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain
| | - María Martín
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain.,Cardiology Department, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain.,Department of Functional Biology, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Laura Martínez-Arias
- Bone and Mineral Research Unit, REDinREN-ISCIII, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain
| | - Eliecer Coto
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain.,Genética Molecular-Laboratorio Medicina, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain.,Department of Medicine, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Manuel Naves-Díaz
- Bone and Mineral Research Unit, REDinREN-ISCIII, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain
| | - César Morís
- Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain.,Cardiology Department, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Oviedo, Spain.,Department of Functional Biology, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain.,Department of Medicine, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Jorge B Cannata-Andía
- Bone and Mineral Research Unit, REDinREN-ISCIII, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain.,Department of Medicine, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain
| | - Isabel Rodríguez
- Bone and Mineral Research Unit, REDinREN-ISCIII, Hospital Universitario Central de Asturias, Universidad de Oviedo, Oviedo, Spain.,Instituto de Investigación Sanitaria del Principado de Asturias (ISPA), Oviedo, Spain
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Dixit R, Narasimhan C, Balekundri VI, Agrawal D, Kumar A, Mohapatra B. Functionally significant, novel GATA4
variants are frequently associated with Tetralogy of Fallot. Hum Mutat 2018; 39:1957-1972. [DOI: 10.1002/humu.23620] [Citation(s) in RCA: 5] [Impact Index Per Article: 0.8] [Reference Citation Analysis] [Track Full Text] [Journal Information] [Subscribe] [Scholar Register] [Received: 01/15/2018] [Revised: 08/13/2018] [Accepted: 08/20/2018] [Indexed: 01/02/2023]
Affiliation(s)
- Ritu Dixit
- Cytogenetics Laboratory; Department of Zoology; Banaras Hindu University; Varanasi Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Chitra Narasimhan
- Department of Pediatric Cardiology; Sri Jayadeva Institute of Cardiovascular Sciences and Research; Bengaluru Karnataka India
| | - Vijyalakshmi I. Balekundri
- Super Speciality Hospital; Prime Minister Swasth Suraksha Yojana (PMSSY); Bengaluru Medical College and Research Institute; Bengaluru Karnataka India
| | - Damyanti Agrawal
- Department of Cardio-vascular and Thoracic Surgery; Institute of Medical Science; Banaras Hindu University; Varanasi Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Ashok Kumar
- Department of Pediatrics; Institute of Medical Sciences; Banaras Hindu University; Varanasi Uttar Pradesh India
| | - Bhagyalaxmi Mohapatra
- Cytogenetics Laboratory; Department of Zoology; Banaras Hindu University; Varanasi Uttar Pradesh India
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